Modularized replaceable self-resetting energy consumption type pier anti-collision system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized replaceable self-resetting energy consumption type bridge pier anti-collision system, and belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering structure safety. The system includes an annular rubber pad, an annularly disposed damper module, and a shape memory alloy (SMA) tow. The damper module comprises a cylinder body, high-viscosity fluid, a reset spring, a piston and a force transmission plate. The cylinder body is fixed to the pier in a surrounding mode through bolts and rubber pads, the inner wall of the cylinder body is connected with the piston through a reset spring, the piston rod end is hinged to the force transmission plates, and the SMA wire bundles are connected with the force transmission plates. When an external impact load acts on the force transmission plate, the fluid damper provides viscous energy consumption, and the SMA wire bundle, the spring and the rubber pad provide deformation energy consumption; after the collision is finished, the system can be reset to the initial position under the synergistic effect of the SMA wire bundle, the spring and the rubber pad. By means of the modular design, efficient energy consumption and self-resetting can be achieved; and meanwhile, a single damper can be quickly replaced after being damaged, so that the maintenance efficiency and the system recoverability are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering structure safety, and particularly relates to a bridge pier anti-collision device, in particular to a modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type bridge pier anti-collision system with high energy dissipation and self-resetting function after impact and supporting rapid replacement and maintenance. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key node of the traffic network, the bridge pier structure is long-term exposed to the potential threat of accidental impact by floating objects or moving objects such as ships and vehicles in the environment of waterways and cross-line sections. Such impact load is characterized by strong instantaneousness and huge energy, which can easily cause damage to the bridge pier and even catastrophic consequences of overall structural failure.

[0003] At present, the traditional bridge pier anti-collision facilities have the following limitations: first, the protection mechanism depends on the plastic deformation or structural damage of the material itself to absorb the impact energy, which leads to irreversible permanent damage and significant residual deformation of the facility after impact, and the protection performance is one-time or significantly attenuated; second, the repair work usually requires the removal and reconstruction of the entire anti-collision system, which not only has a long construction period and interrupts traffic, but also has high economic cost, so that the bridge pier may be in a state of insufficient protection in subsequent use.

[0004] To improve the above problems, some improved anti-collision devices using hydraulic dampers or applying prestress have appeared in the prior art. However, these schemes still have obvious defects: although the conventional hydraulic dampers can effectively dissipate energy, they lack self-resetting capability and cannot automatically return to the original position after the piston stroke is completed, which requires external intervention; and some devices combined with prestress technology have a high degree of integration, and damage to local components may cause the entire system to fail, making replacement and maintenance extremely inconvenient and difficult to achieve "targeted" repair. In addition, many devices lack adaptability to the impact direction and cannot provide balanced and effective protection against impact from any angle in the ring direction. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a new type of bridge pier anti-collision system that is modular, can cooperatively achieve high-efficiency energy dissipation and intelligent resetting, and has convenient maintenance characteristics, to comprehensively improve the safety resilience and operational economy of the bridge during its life cycle. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type bridge pier anti-collision system to solve the problems of low energy dissipation efficiency, easy residual deformation and difficult maintenance of traditional anti-collision facilities, and ultimately achieve the comprehensive protection effect of high-efficiency energy dissipation, intelligent resetting and convenient maintenance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A kind of modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type pier anti-collision system, including annular rubber pad, multiple damper modules and SMA wire bundle.

[0008] The annular rubber pad is arranged between the cylinder body of damper module and the surface of pier, and its material is preferably neoprene or natural rubber, and its thickness is designed in the range of 50mm to 200mm, which can play the role of buffering, stress distribution and corrosion protection.

[0009] The number of damper modules can be set to 3 to 10 according to the size of pier and protection level requirement, and they are arranged uniformly around the pier in ring direction.Each damper module includes cylinder body, energy dissipation fluid, piston, piston rod, reset spring and force transmission plate.The cylinder body is provided with anchoring arms with bolt holes on both sides, and the entire damper array is reliably fixed on the pier by cooperating with the annular rubber pad through high-strength bolts.The cylinder body is filled with high-viscosity silicon-based fluid as energy dissipation fluid, and micro-holes are opened on the piston.When the piston moves, the fluid is forced to pass through the micro-holes to generate a large viscous resistance to dissipate energy.The reset spring is arranged between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the piston to provide the main elastic reset force for the system.

[0010] The SMA wire bundle is made of nitinol-based material and is pre-processed to be in a super-elastic state.Both ends of the SMA wire bundle are connected between the force transmission plates of adjacent damper modules through a special clamping anchor.The clamping anchor is preferably a sleeve structure, and the SMA wire bundle end is fixed by high-strength bolt compression or plastic deformation extrusion.The SMA wire bundle is stretched during impact, undergoes phase transition to dissipate a large amount of energy;after the impact is unloaded, the SMA wire bundle undergoes reverse phase transition due to its super-elastic properties, and automatically restores to the original length to provide a key driving recovery force for the self-resetting of the entire system.

[0011] The force transmission plate corresponds to the damper module, and is a composite layered structure, which includes wear-resistant rubber surface layer, steel plate reinforcing framework and high-damping rubber base layer from outside to inside.A hinge seat is arranged on the steel plate framework for hinging with the end of piston rod.

[0012] Further, the annular rubber pad and the damper module can be flexibly adjusted and fixed along the height direction of the pier by the anchoring arms and high-strength bolts, so as to adapt to different water level heights and potential impact risk areas, and improve the applicability of the system.

[0013] In addition, the present application also provides an assembly method of the above pier anti-collision system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step (1): according to the anti-collision height, the cylinder bodies of the damper modules are fixed around the pier in ring direction by anchoring arms and high-strength bolts, and the annular rubber pad is arranged therebetween;

[0015] Step (2): articulate the piston rod end of each damper module with the corresponding force transfer plate;

[0016] Step (3): connect the SMA wire bundle between adjacent force transfer plates.

[0017] The present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. Multiple energy dissipation, high efficiency: The present application combines fluid viscous energy dissipation, SMA super-elastic hysteresis energy dissipation, and elastic deformation energy dissipation of rubber and springs to form a multiple energy dissipation mechanism, with energy absorption efficiency much higher than that of traditional facilities with a single mechanism.

[0019] 2. Intelligent self-resetting, small residual deformation: The super-elastic effect of SMA is used to actively and accurately drive the system to return to the initial position after impact without the need for external energy input; at the same time, the reset spring in the damper module provides continuous elastic restoring force, which works together with the SMA wire bundle to ensure that the system can quickly and reliably reset, greatly reducing residual deformation.

[0020] 3. Modular design, convenient maintenance: Each damper module is independently installed, and the SMA wire bundle connected by the clamping anchor can also be quickly assembled and disassembled. If any module is damaged, it can be quickly replaced without affecting other modules and the main structure, greatly reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0021] 4. All-directional protection, strong adaptability: The damper modules arranged in a ring array and the ring-shaped force transfer system form a complete protection ring, which can effectively respond to impacts from any direction. At the same time, the system is height-adjustable and can flexibly adapt to different water levels and impact risk points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a top view of a modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type bridge pier anti-collision system.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of a modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type bridge pier anti-collision system.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the damper module of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the present application.

[0026] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0027] 1 - ring-shaped rubber pad; 2 - damper module; 3 - shape memory alloy wire bundle; 4 - cylinder body; 5 - energy dissipation fluid; 6 - piston; 7 - piston rod; 8 - reset spring; 9 - force transfer plate; 10 - anchoring arm; 11 - high-strength bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] This embodiment takes a bridge with a diameter of 2500mm as an example to implement the modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type pier anti-collision system.

[0029] As shown in the accompanying Figures 1-4 The modular replaceable self-resetting energy dissipation type pier anti-collision system of this embodiment comprises a ring-shaped rubber pad (1), a damper module (2) and a shape memory alloy wire bundle (3); the damper module (2) is arranged around the pier in a ring shape, and the number is 6; each damper module comprises a cylinder body (4), an energy dissipation fluid (5), a piston (6), a piston rod (7), a reset spring (8) and a force transmission plate (9); the cylinder body (4) is provided with an anchor arm (10) with a bolt hole on both sides, which is used to fix the system to the pier by high-strength bolts (11); the SMA wire bundle (3) is connected between the adjacent force transmission plates (9) through clamping anchors at both ends; the ring-shaped rubber pad (1) is arranged between the damper module cylinder body and the surface of the pier.

[0030] The ring-shaped rubber pad is made of neoprene and is arranged around the pier with a thickness of 150mm. The damper module cylinder body is made of high-strength alloy steel and filled with high-viscosity silicon-based fluid as energy dissipation medium; a plurality of micropores with a diameter of 2mm are formed on the piston, and the reset spring is a 60Si2Mn material large stiffness spring which is pre-set in the cylinder body and provides an initial reset force. The shape memory alloy wire bundle is made of super-elastic nitinol material, with a single wire diameter of 2mm, and each bundle contains 10 wires, and the two ends are anchored by extrusion sleeves. The force transmission plate is a composite layered structure with a size of 800mm×800mm, and from the outside to the inside, it is a 15mm thick wear-resistant rubber surface layer, a 20mm thick Q355 steel plate reinforced skeleton and a 30mm thick high-damping rubber base layer, and the steel plate skeleton is provided with a hinged seat connected with the end of the piston rod. The system is adjustable fixed along the height direction of the pier by anchor arms and high-strength bolts to adapt to different anti-collision height requirements.

[0031] The field assembly of the pier anti-collision system is carried out according to the following steps:

[0032] Step (1): module positioning and fixing: after positioning according to the anti-collision elevation, first wrap the ring-shaped rubber pad (1) around the pier, then arrange the cylinder bodies (4) of the six damper modules (2) in a ring around the pier, make the anchor arms (10) tightly adhere to the ring-shaped rubber pad (1), and anchor them to the pier with high-strength bolts (11).

[0033] Step (2): force transmission plate installation: transport each force transmission plate (9) to the front of the corresponding damper module (2), and hinge it with the end of the piston rod (7) through a pin shaft to form a connection that can adapt to angle changes.

[0034] Step (3): SMA wire bundle connection: install the preformed shape memory alloy wire bundle (3) between adjacent force transmission plates (9), fasten the ends with extrusion sleeve anchors, preliminarily tension the SMA wire bundle (3), and form a circumferential energy dissipation chain.

[0035] When the system is hit, the impact force is buffered by the force transmission plates (9), the pistons (6) are driven to compress the return springs (8) and push the energy dissipation fluid (5) through the micropores to generate viscous energy dissipation, and the SMA wire bundle (3) is stretched to generate phase transition energy dissipation. After the impact, the return springs (8) and the SMA wire bundle (3) work together to automatically restore the system to its original position.

[0036] The system is easy to maintain. If it is partially damaged, only the damaged SMA wire bundle (3) or damper module (2) needs to be replaced without the need for overall disassembly.

[0037] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical range disclosed by the present application according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular, replaceable, self-resetting, energy-dissipating bridge pier anti-collision system, characterized in that: It includes an annular rubber pad (1) surrounding the bridge pier, multiple damper modules (2) arranged circumferentially around the bridge pier, and shape memory alloy (SMA) wire bundles (3); the damper module includes a cylinder (4), an energy-dissipating fluid (5) filled in the cylinder (4), a piston (6) disposed in the cylinder (4), a piston rod (7) connected to the piston, a return spring (8), and a force transmission plate (9) connected to the end of the piston rod (7).

2. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular rubber pad (1) is placed between the cylinder (4) of the damper module (2) and the surface of the pier. Its material is neoprene / natural rubber and its thickness is 50mm to 200mm.

3. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of damper modules (2) is 3 to 10; each cylinder (4) is provided with anchor arms (10) with bolt holes on both sides, and each cylinder (4) is fixed to the bridge pier by high-strength bolts (11) and the annular rubber pad (1).

4. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SMA filament bundle (3) is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is in a superelastic state; the two ends of the SMA filament bundle (3) are connected between adjacent force transmission plates (9) by clamping anchors.

5. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-consuming fluid (5) is a high-viscosity silicon-based fluid; the piston (6) has micropores for the energy-consuming fluid (5) to pass through.

6. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset spring (8) is a high-stiffness steel spring disposed between the inner wall of the cylinder (4) and the piston (6).

7. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The annular rubber pad (1) and the damper module (2) can be adjusted and fixed along the height direction of the pier by the anchoring arm (10) to adapt to the impact risk at different heights.

8. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The force transmission plate (9) corresponds one-to-one with the damper module (2). It is a composite layered structure, which includes a wear-resistant rubber surface layer, a steel plate reinforcing skeleton and a high-damping rubber base layer from the outside to the inside. The steel plate reinforcing skeleton is provided with a hinge seat that is hinged to the end of the piston rod (7).

9. An assembly method for a modular, replaceable, self-resetting, energy-dissipating bridge pier anti-collision system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): According to the anti-collision height, the cylinder (4) of each damper module (2) is circumferentially fixed around the bridge pier by anchoring arm (10) and high-strength bolt (11), with the annular rubber pad (1) provided in between; Step (2): Hinge the end of the piston rod (7) of each damper module (2) to the corresponding force transmission plate (9); Step (3): Connect the SMA filament bundle (3) between adjacent force transmission plates (9).

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