Ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel master batch as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel master batch as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Relates to the field of polymer materials. The ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel master batch comprises the following components: carrier resin, a modified flame retardant, a dispersing agent and a pigment, molecules of the modified flame retardant contain a triazine ring, benzyl, a phosphamide group and chloroethyl, and the benzyl serves as a connecting unit and is connected with the triazine ring, the phosphamide group and the chloroethyl. According to the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel master batch disclosed by the invention, multi-performance optimization is realized through a synergistic effect of specific components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch is a functional polymer composite material used in electrical switches, sockets, and other end products. It is mainly composed of resin substrate, white pigment (such as titanium dioxide), flame retardant, dispersant, and other additives, compounded through a special process. As the core raw material of switch panels, its performance directly determines the mechanical strength, surface gloss, weather resistance, and electrical safety of the end products. Especially in terms of flame retardancy, the masterbatch must meet the stringent requirements of national standards regarding vertical burning and glow wire ignition temperature (GWIT) to ensure effective prevention of flame spread and reduction of fire risk under abnormal conditions such as short circuits and overloads. With the development of the smart home industry, switch panels not only need to possess basic insulation and protection functions but also need to meet the design requirements of thinner walls and lighter weight, which places higher demands on the dispersibility, flowability, and flame retardant efficiency of the masterbatch.

[0003] In existing technologies, the preparation of ceramic white switch panel masterbatches mainly employs two technical routes: The first is a fully granulated modification process, where resin, flame retardant, titanium dioxide, and additives are melt-blended in a twin-screw extruder to obtain a uniformly dispersed composite masterbatch. For example, commercially available bromine-containing flame-retardant PC masterbatches utilize this process. By adding bromine-based flame retardants such as decabromodiphenyl ether, they achieve a UL94-V0 flame retardant rating and possess high impact strength and surface gloss, making them widely used in appliance components such as microwave oven door frames and electric iron shells. The second is a direct mixing process, where flame retardants, titanium dioxide, and resin substrates are simply mixed using a high-speed mixer and then directly injection molded. This method reduces production costs by eliminating the granulation step and is commonly used in engineering plastics applications where appearance requirements are lower. In terms of flame retardant system selection, existing technologies are mainly divided into two categories: halogenated flame retardants and halogen-free flame retardants. Halogenated flame retardants are mainly bromine-based, which dominate the market due to their advantages of low addition amount (usually 5%-15%) and high flame retardant efficiency. Halogen-free flame retardants include phosphorus-based (such as red phosphorus, DOPO derivatives), nitrogen-based (such as melamine cyanurate) and inorganic hydroxides (such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide).

[0004] While existing technologies can meet basic flame retardant and processing requirements, they still have significant shortcomings in practical applications, particularly in the stability of flame retardant performance and the balance of overall performance. First, bromine-containing flame retardant masterbatches release toxic gases such as hydrogen bromide during combustion, which not only irritate the human respiratory tract but also corrode electrical equipment and damage the ozone layer. Second, halogen-free flame retardant systems generally suffer from high addition amounts (typically 20%-40%). For example, inorganic hydroxide flame retardants often exceed 30% to achieve UL94-V0 rating. This significantly reduces the melt flow rate of the masterbatch (e.g., from 14g / 10min to below 8g / 10min), leading to defects such as incomplete filling and surface shrinkage during injection molding. It also reduces the flexural modulus of the material by approximately 15%-20%, affecting the structural strength of the switch panel. In addition, the insufficient dispersibility of traditional masterbatches is also a key factor restricting the flame retardant effect: as a white pigment, titanium dioxide has a large difference in surface polarity from the resin substrate, which makes it easy to agglomerate and form micron-sized particles, resulting in "titanium dioxide streaks" in the masterbatch during processing. Uneven dispersion of flame retardants will cause local flame retardant concentrations to be too low, resulting in a shortened ignition time and an accelerated flame spread speed in the glow wire test.

[0005] Another prominent problem with existing technologies is the difficulty in reconciling the contradictions between flame retardant performance, processing performance, and appearance quality. To improve the flame retardant rating, some manufacturers increase the amount of flame retardant added. However, high amounts of flame retardant can exacerbate screw wear and increase equipment maintenance costs. In terms of appearance, traditional masterbatches, due to improper selection of dispersants, are prone to forming "weld lines" on the switch panel surface. Especially in multi-cavity injection molds, the mechanical strength and flame retardant performance at the weld lines are significantly reduced, becoming a weak point in product failure.

[0006] With the increasing power density of electrical equipment and the growing safety awareness of consumers, the flame retardant performance defects of existing ceramic white switch panel masterbatches have become a bottleneck restricting the development of the industry.

[0007] Therefore, developing a highly dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch with both high dispersibility and excellent flame retardant properties has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of polymer materials. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to develop an ultra-dispersible ceramic white switch panel masterbatch that combines high dispersibility and excellent flame retardant properties.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention is: A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch is provided.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch is provided.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention is: Application of the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch.

[0012] Specifically, the technical solution adopted according to the first aspect of the present invention is as follows: A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components: Carrier resin, modified flame retardant, dispersant, and pigment; The modified flame retardant molecule contains a triazine ring, a benzyl group, a phosphoramide group, and a chloroethyl group, wherein the benzyl group serves as a linking unit and is connected to the triazine ring, the phosphoramide group, and the chloroethyl group, respectively.

[0013] According to embodiments of the present invention, one of the technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: This invention's ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch achieves multiple performance optimizations through the synergistic effect of specific components. Specifically, the modified flame retardant contains a triazine ring structure that decomposes at high temperatures to generate nitrogen gas, diluting the oxygen and combustible gas concentrations in the combustion zone and exerting a gas-phase flame-retardant effect. The phosphorus element in the phosphoramide group promotes the dehydration and carbonization of the substrate during combustion, forming a dense, heat-insulating carbon layer that blocks heat and oxygen transfer, achieving condensed-phase flame retardancy. Chloroethyl groups release hydrogen halide free radicals to capture active free radicals in the combustion reaction, interrupting the chain reaction and further enhancing gas-phase flame-retardant efficiency. These three components are linked by benzyl groups to form a phosphorus-nitrogen-chlorine synergistic flame-retardant system, significantly improving flame-retardant efficiency and achieving excellent flame-retardant effects at relatively low addition levels, while minimizing the impact on the mechanical properties of the carrier resin.

[0014] Meanwhile, the dispersant can effectively reduce the surface tension of modified flame retardants and pigments in the carrier resin, prevent particle agglomeration, promote their uniform dispersion, and ensure that the masterbatch has good flowability and formability during processing. This results in a switch panel with uniform color, high whiteness, and good gloss, avoiding color spots or performance fluctuations caused by uneven dispersion.

[0015] In addition, the introduction of benzyl groups in the modified flame retardant can adjust the molecular polarity, enhance the compatibility between the modified flame retardant and the carrier resin, further improve the dispersion stability and comprehensive mechanical properties of the masterbatch, and enable the switch panel to have excellent flame retardancy, beautiful porcelain white appearance and reliable mechanical strength, making it suitable for the field of electrical switches with strict requirements for performance and appearance.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch further includes additives, the additives including at least one of antioxidants and toughening agents.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 96.4-99.5 parts carrier resin, 0.04-0.06 parts modified flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 parts dispersant, and 1-4 parts pigment.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 96.4-99.5 parts carrier resin, 0.05-0.06 parts modified flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 parts dispersant, and 1-4 parts pigment.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 96.4-99.5 parts carrier resin, 0.05-0.06 parts modified flame retardant, 0.2-0.3 parts dispersant, and 1-4 parts pigment.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the carrier resin is selected from at least one of polyolefin resins, engineering plastic resins, or styrene resins; preferably, the carrier resin is selected from at least one of polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and polypropylene.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant is selected from at least one of hindered phenolic, phosphite, and thioester antioxidants; preferably, the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenolic or phosphite antioxidants; more preferably, the antioxidant is selected from pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] or tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant is selected from at least one of polymeric waxes, fatty acid derivatives, and phosphate ester dispersants; preferably, the dispersant is selected from polymeric waxes or fatty acid derivative dispersants; more preferably, the dispersant is selected from polyethylene wax or stearamide.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the toughening agent is selected from at least one of core-shell elastomers, rubber elastomers, and vinyl copolymer elastomers; preferably, the toughening agent is selected from core-shell elastomers or rubber elastomers; more preferably, the toughening agent is selected from methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymers or ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pigment comprises titanium dioxide. Preferably, the titanium dioxide is at least one selected from titanium dioxide R248, TC30, 104, and 108.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the triazine ring structure and benzyl group in the modified flame retardant form a rigid skeleton, which imparts high thermal stability to the molecule and prevents melting and dripping at high temperatures.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the chloroethyl group in the modified flame retardant is an aliphatic segment, which can increase the flexibility of the modified flame retardant molecular chain, improve compatibility with the substrate (carrier resin), and prevent the flame retardant from precipitating.

[0027] Specifically, the technical solution adopted according to the second aspect of the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing the ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch includes the following steps: The carrier resin, modified flame retardant, dispersant and pigment are mixed and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain the ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the modified flame retardant include benzoic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, ammonia, lithium borohydride, aluminum chloride, formaldehyde aqueous solution and trichloroethyl phosphate.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified flame retardant includes the following steps: S1 is mixed with benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride at 0℃, and then reacted at 10-15℃ for 3-6 hours. After rotary evaporation, product A is obtained. S2 added product A to the first solvent, introduced ammonia gas, and reacted at 20-25℃ for 3-4 hours. The crude product was then rotary evaporated and washed with ice water to obtain product B. S3 added product B to the second solvent, then added lithium borohydride and aluminum chloride, and refluxed for 4-5 hours to obtain product C; S4 Add product C to the third solvent, adjust the pH to 4-5 with an acidic reagent, stir at 40-45℃, add formaldehyde aqueous solution dropwise, and then react at 60-65℃ for 4-5 hours to obtain product D; S5 adds product D and trichloroethyl phosphate to a fourth solvent and reacts at 60-65°C for 8-10 hours to obtain the modified flame retardant.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first solvent, the second solvent, the third solvent, and the fourth solvent are each independently selected from tetrahydrofuran or ethanol.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the acidic reagent is acetic acid.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride in step S1 is 1-1.2:3-3.5; According to one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the first solvent used in step S2 is 200-300 mL. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the reflux reaction in step S3 is 60-70°C.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the formaldehyde aqueous solution in step S4 is a 37-40 wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution, preferably, the amount of formaldehyde aqueous solution added is 1.18 mol, and preferably, the dripping rate of the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 2-2.5 mL / min.

[0034] Another aspect of the present invention relates to the application of the ultra-dispersed white switch panel masterbatch in the preparation of white switch panels. This includes the ultra-dispersed white switch panel masterbatch described in the first aspect embodiment above. Since this application employs all the technical solutions of the aforementioned ultra-dispersed white switch panel masterbatch, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the discovery. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The terms "preferred," "more preferred," etc., used in this invention refer to embodiments of the invention that provide certain beneficial effects under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are unavailable, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of this invention.

[0037] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the range is considered continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to integers, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are incorporated.

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in this invention are all conventional reagents, methods and equipment in this technical field.

[0040] In the examples and comparative examples, the temperatures of each zone of the twin-screw extruder from zone 1 to zone 10 are 120°C, 220°C, 230°C, 235°C, 235°C, 235°C, 220°C, 220°C, 225°C, and 235°C, respectively. The die head temperature is 235°C. The screw length-to-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 44:1, and the screw speed is 350 rpm.

[0041] Example 1 A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch has the following components in parts by weight: 96.62 parts carrier resin; 0.04 parts modified flame retardant; 0.1 parts dispersant; 2.61 parts pigment; 0.13 parts antioxidant; 0.5 parts toughening agent.

[0042] The carrier resin mentioned above is polypropylene; The dispersant mentioned above is stearamide; The pigments mentioned above are titanium dioxide R248 and titanium dioxide TC30 in a weight ratio of 2:1; The toughening agent mentioned above is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer; The antioxidant mentioned above is pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate].

[0043] The preparation method of the modified flame retardant includes the following steps: S1 dissolves benzoic acid in dichloromethane solvent, mixes benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride in a molar ratio of 1:3.5 at 0°C, and then reacts at 10°C for 6 hours. After rotary evaporation, product A is obtained. S2 added product A to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, introduced ammonia gas, and reacted at 20 °C for 3 h. The crude product was then rotary evaporated and washed with ice water to obtain product B. S3 added product B to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, then added 0.2 mol of lithium borohydride and 0.2 mol of aluminum chloride, and refluxed at 66 °C for 4 h to obtain product C; Product C of S4 was added to 300 mL of ethanol, the pH was adjusted to 4 with acetic acid, and the mixture was stirred at 40 °C. 1.18 mol of 37 wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution was added dropwise at a rate of 2 mL / min, and the mixture was reacted at 60 °C for 4 h to obtain product D. S5 added product D and 0.02 mol of trichloroethyl phosphate to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and reacted at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain a modified flame retardant.

[0044] The preparation method of the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch includes the following steps: The above-mentioned carrier resin, modified flame retardant, antioxidant, toughening agent, dispersant and pigment are mixed and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch.

[0045] Example 2 A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch has the following components in parts by weight: 96.62 parts carrier resin; 0.05 parts modified flame retardant; 0.1 parts dispersant; 2.6 parts pigment; 0.13 parts antioxidant; 0.5 parts toughening agent.

[0046] The carrier resin mentioned above is polypropylene; The dispersant mentioned above is stearamide; The pigments mentioned above are titanium dioxide R248 and titanium dioxide TC30 in a weight ratio of 2:1; The toughening agent mentioned above is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer; The antioxidant mentioned above is pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate].

[0047] The preparation method of the modified flame retardant includes the following steps: S1 dissolves benzoic acid in dichloromethane solvent, mixes benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride in a molar ratio of 1:3.5 at 0°C, and then reacts at 10°C for 6 hours. After rotary evaporation, product A is obtained. S2 added product A to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, introduced ammonia gas, and reacted at 20 °C for 3 h. The crude product was then rotary evaporated and washed with ice water to obtain product B. S3 added product B to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, then added 0.2 mol of lithium borohydride and 0.2 mol of aluminum chloride, and refluxed at 66 °C for 4 h to obtain product C; Product C of S4 was added to 300 mL of ethanol, the pH was adjusted to 4 with acetic acid, and the mixture was stirred at 40 °C. 1.18 mol of 37 wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution was added dropwise at a rate of 2 mL / min, and the mixture was reacted at 60 °C for 4 h to obtain product D. S5 added product D and 0.02 mol of trichloroethyl phosphate to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and reacted at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain a modified flame retardant.

[0048] The preparation method of the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch includes the following steps: The above-mentioned carrier resin, modified flame retardant, antioxidant, toughening agent, dispersant and pigment are mixed and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch.

[0049] Example 3 A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 96.41 parts carrier resin; 0.06 parts modified flame retardant; 0.3 parts dispersant; 2.6 parts pigment; 0.13 parts antioxidant; 0.5 parts toughening agent.

[0050] The carrier resin mentioned above is polypropylene; The dispersant mentioned above is stearamide; The pigments mentioned above are titanium dioxide R248 and titanium dioxide TC30 in a weight ratio of 2:1; The toughening agent mentioned above is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer; The antioxidant mentioned above is pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate].

[0051] The preparation method of the modified flame retardant includes the following steps: S1 dissolves benzoic acid in dichloromethane solvent, mixes benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride in a molar ratio of 1:3.5 at 0°C, and then reacts at 10°C for 6 hours. After rotary evaporation, product A is obtained. S2 added product A to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, introduced ammonia gas, and reacted at 20 °C for 3 h. The crude product was then rotary evaporated and washed with ice water to obtain product B. S3 added product B to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, then added 0.2 mol of lithium borohydride and 0.2 mol of aluminum chloride, and refluxed at 66 °C for 4 h to obtain product C; Product C of S4 was added to 300 mL of ethanol, the pH was adjusted to 4 with acetic acid, and the mixture was stirred at 40 °C. 1.18 mol of 37 wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution was added dropwise at a rate of 2 mL / min, and the mixture was reacted at 60 °C for 4 h to obtain product D. S5 added product D and 0.02 mol of trichloroethyl phosphate to 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and reacted at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain a modified flame retardant.

[0052] The preparation method of the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch includes the following steps: The above-mentioned carrier resin, modified flame retardant, antioxidant, toughening agent, dispersant and pigment are mixed and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain the above-mentioned ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the flame retardant in the Comparative Example is tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that no flame retardant was added to the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch of the Comparative Example.

[0055] Performance testing: The ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch obtained in the examples and comparative examples was injection molded into test samples using an injection molding machine under the following injection molding conditions: back section injection temperature 220-230℃, middle section 240-250℃, front section 250-255℃, nozzle 255-260℃, and injection pressure 50-60%.

[0056] The prepared samples were tested under the same test conditions for relevant performance indicators. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0057] In Table 1, the tensile strength test standard is ISO 527-2, the specimen size is type 1A (gauge length 115mm, parallel part 10mm×4mm), and the tensile speed is 50mm / min; the flexural strength and flexural modulus test standards are ISO 178, the specimen size is 80mm×10mm×4mm, and the bending speed is 2mm / m; oxygen index: determined according to GB / T2406-93 "Test Method for Burning Performance of Plastics - Oxygen Index Method"; heat resistance: the molded sheet is placed in a tube sintering furnace and heated at 75℃ for 12h, and the hardness difference before and after heating is tested.

[0058] Table 1

[0059] As shown in Table 1, the ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch of Example 1 achieves excellent comprehensive performance through the synergistic effect of its components. The switch panel samples prepared from it have a tensile strength of 61.2 MPa and a flexural strength of 91 MPa, exhibiting reliable mechanical strength. This is attributed to the dispersant effectively reducing the surface tension of the modified flame retardant in the carrier resin, preventing particle agglomeration, and promoting uniform dispersion. At the same time, the introduction of benzyl groups in the modified flame retardant regulates molecular polarity, enhances compatibility with the carrier resin, and reduces the adverse effects of adding functional fillers on the mechanical properties of the matrix, giving the material both good rigidity and toughness. The oxygen index reaches 40, indicating that it has excellent flame retardant performance. This is because the triazine ring structure contained in the modified flame retardant decomposes at high temperature to generate nitrogen gas to dilute the combustion zone, the phosphoramide group promotes the dehydration and carbonization of the substrate to form a heat-insulating carbon layer, and the chloroethyl group releases hydrogen halide free radicals to interrupt the chain reaction. The three are linked by benzyl groups to form a phosphorus-nitrogen-chlorine synergistic flame retardant system, achieving a high flame retardant effect with a low addition amount of only 0.04 parts of modified flame retardant. Furthermore, the hardness difference ΔA of the sample after heating at 75℃ for 12 hours was 0, indicating excellent heat resistance. The antioxidant effectively inhibited the thermal aging of the carrier resin, and the good thermal stability of the modified flame retardant itself prevented decomposition or performance degradation at high temperatures, ensuring that the material maintains stable hardness performance under long-term heating conditions. Simultaneously, the uniform dispersion effect of the dispersant resulted in a switch panel with uniform color, high whiteness, and good gloss, presenting an aesthetically pleasing porcelain-white appearance. This comprehensively meets the stringent requirements of the electrical switch industry for material flame retardancy, mechanical strength, heat resistance, and appearance.

[0060] In Example 2, the amount of modified flame retardant added was increased, and the content of flame retardant components was improved, but the oxygen index did not change, indicating that the extremely low content (0.04 parts) of modified flame retardant in Example 1 had already achieved a high flame retardant effect.

[0061] In Example 3, the dispersant was increased to 0.3 parts, which can efficiently disperse a higher content of flame retardant (0.06 parts) and pigment (2.6 parts), reduce filler agglomeration, improve interfacial bonding, make the matrix more uniformly stressed, reduce the risk of stress concentration fracture, and thus significantly improve tensile strength and flexural strength.

[0062] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the flame retardant was replaced with tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP). TCEP has poor compatibility with the carrier resin, and the dispersant (0.1 parts) is insufficient to overcome its tendency to agglomerate, resulting in the formation of micro-defects (such as bubbles and filler agglomerates) in the system. Under stress, it is prone to stress concentration fracture, and the tensile strength and flexural strength are significantly reduced. Regarding the oxygen index: the flame retardant efficiency of TCEP is lower than that of the modified flame retardant, and the uneven dispersion leads to a reduction in the effective flame retardant components, thus the oxygen index is greatly reduced. In addition, TCEP has poor thermal stability and further degrades after heating at 75°C, resulting in a decrease in the crosslinking density of the resin matrix and a decrease in hardness.

[0063] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that no flame retardant was added at all. Without the flame retardant, the system only needs to disperse a small amount of pigment (2.61 parts), so a very small amount of dispersant (0.1 parts) is sufficient. There is no filler agglomeration defect. Since the modified flame retardant content in Example 1 is extremely low, its removal has no negative impact on the mechanical properties of the matrix. The tensile strength and flexural strength are similar to those in Example 1. However, due to the poor flame retardancy of the carrier resin itself, the oxygen index drops significantly without the addition of flame retardant.

[0064] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch, characterized in that: Includes the following components: Carrier resin, modified flame retardant, dispersant, and pigment; The modified flame retardant molecule contains a triazine ring, a benzyl group, a phosphoramide group, and a chloroethyl group, wherein the benzyl group serves as a linking unit and is connected to the triazine ring, the phosphoramide group, and the chloroethyl group, respectively.

2. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 96.4-99.5 parts carrier resin, 0.04-0.06 parts modified flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 parts dispersant, and 1-4 parts pigment.

3. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch also includes additives, which include at least one of antioxidants and toughening agents.

4. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier resin is selected from at least one of polyolefin resins, engineering plastic resins, or styrene resins; preferably, the carrier resin is selected from at least one of polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and polypropylene.

5. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The antioxidant is selected from at least one of hindered phenolic, phosphite, and thioester antioxidants; preferably, the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenolic or phosphite antioxidants; more preferably, the antioxidant is selected from pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] or tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite.

6. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is selected from at least one of polymeric waxes, fatty acid derivatives, and phosphate ester dispersants; preferably, the dispersant is selected from polymeric waxes or fatty acid derivative dispersants; more preferably, the dispersant is selected from polyethylene wax or stearamide.

7. The ultra-dispersed white ceramic switch panel masterbatch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The toughening agent is selected from at least one of core-shell elastomers, rubber elastomers, and vinyl copolymer elastomers; preferably, the toughening agent is selected from core-shell elastomers or rubber elastomers; more preferably, the toughening agent is selected from methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymers or ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.

8. A method for preparing an ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The carrier resin, modified flame retardant, dispersant and pigment are mixed and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain the ultra-dispersed porcelain white switch panel masterbatch.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified flame retardant includes the following steps: S1 is mixed with benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride at 0℃, and then reacted at 10-15℃ for 3-6 hours. After rotary evaporation, product A is obtained. S2 added product A to the first solvent, introduced ammonia gas, and reacted at 20-25℃ for 3-4 hours. The crude product was then rotary evaporated and washed with ice water to obtain product B. S3 added product B to the second solvent, then added lithium borohydride and aluminum chloride, and refluxed for 4-5 hours to obtain product C; S4 Add product C to the third solvent, adjust the pH to 4-5 with an acidic reagent, stir at 40-45℃, add formaldehyde aqueous solution dropwise, and then react at 60-65℃ for 4-5 hours to obtain product D; S5 adds product D and trichloroethyl phosphate to a fourth solvent and reacts at 60-65°C for 8-10 hours to obtain the modified flame retardant.

10. The application of the ultra-dispersed ceramic white switch panel masterbatch as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of ceramic white switch panels.

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