Handheld in-situ nondestructive testing equipment for fireproof performance of steel fireproof door and use method of handheld in-situ nondestructive testing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses handheld steel fireproof door fireproof performance in-situ nondestructive testing equipment and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of fireproof door fireproof performance determination. In order to solve the problems that an existing method lacks an effective in-situ nondestructive testing means and the actual fire resistance of a fireproof door in use cannot be accurately judged, handheld in-situ nondestructive testing equipment for the fire resistance of the steel fireproof door is designed, during testing, electric suction cups on the two sides of the equipment are adsorbed to the fireproof door, and a laser sensor rapidly measures the thickness of the fireproof door; the ultrasonic eddy-current sensor is used for measuring fireproof door steel plate thickness; the X-ray sensor is used for measuring the compactness of the fireproof door filling material by using the X-ray propagation time; and comparing the measured data with a qualified fireproof door to obtain the fireproof performance of the measured fireproof door. Compared with the original fireproof door sampling detection equipment and method, the equipment and method can realize portable in-situ nondestructive detection, quickly judge the performance of the fireproof door, prevent inferior products from entering the market and protect the property and life safety of people.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of fire resistance performance testing of fire doors, specifically relating to a handheld in-situ non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of fire-resistant building compartments, steel fire doors play a crucial role in preventing the spread of fire and ensuring the safe evacuation of personnel during a fire. According to the requirements of the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" (GB 50016-2014) and "Fire Doors" (GB12955-2008), fire doors must meet certain fire resistance limits (e.g., 1.5h for Class A, 1.0h for Class B, and 0.5h for Class C), and their performance directly affects the overall fire safety of the building.

[0003] However, the quality of fire doors on the market varies greatly. Some manufacturers, in order to reduce costs, use inferior steel plates, reduce filling materials (such as perlite and aluminum silicate fiber), or lower manufacturing standards, resulting in fire doors that fail to meet actual performance standards. According to statistics from the National Fire and Rescue Administration, in 2022, fire spread accidents caused by fire door failure accounted for 12% of all fire incidents nationwide, seriously threatening public safety.

[0004] Currently, the quality inspection of fire doors mainly relies on two methods: (1) laboratory destructive testing: samples are sent to testing institutions for combustion tests (such as GB / T 9978.1-2008), but the testing cycle is long (7~15 days), the cost is high (5,000~10,000 yuan per test), and it cannot cover all products leaving the factory. (2) on-site visual inspection: during fire protection acceptance, only the appearance and door closers are checked, and key indicators such as internal filling density and steel plate thickness cannot be assessed, resulting in inferior products passing the test. The limitations of these methods have led to a large number of unqualified fire doors entering the market, creating serious safety hazards.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a rapid, in-situ, non-destructive testing method capable of conducting comprehensive quality screening before and after fire door installation, ensuring that every door meets national standards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem that existing methods lack effective in-situ non-destructive testing techniques and cannot accurately determine the actual fire resistance performance of fire doors in use, this invention provides a handheld in-situ non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors and its usage method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:

[0008] A handheld in-situ non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors. The device adopts a symmetrical double-sided clamping structure and includes a shell, an ultrasonic eddy current sensor, a frame, a linear bearing, a laser sensor, a drive motor, a drive shaft, an X-ray sensor, a guide shaft, an electric suction cup, a bearing, and a bearing rod.

[0009] The outer casing is equipped with a handle, enabling handheld measurement.

[0010] The ultrasonic eddy current sensor and the X-ray sensor are fixed by a linear bearing, a bearing and a bearing rod.

[0011] The laser sensor is fixed to the frame;

[0012] The drive motor drives the drive shaft and guide shaft to make the electric suction cup adhere to both sides of the fire door being tested.

[0013] The device has four electric suction cups, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the device and fixed on the frame. They are driven by a drive motor and a drive shaft to move and adhere to the fire door being tested.

[0014] There are four laser sensors, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the device and used to measure the thickness of fire doors.

[0015] There is one ultrasonic eddy current sensor and one X-ray sensor. The ultrasonic eddy current sensor is used to measure the thickness of the steel plate, and the X-ray sensor is used to measure the density of the filling material.

[0016] A method for using a handheld, in-situ, non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Calibrate the sample's set values;

[0018] Based on the fire resistance rating of steel fire doors, select the thicknesses of three types of perlite fireproof boards (A, B, and C) that meet the fire resistance ratings of Class A, B, and C, and prepare standard fire doors according to the assembly requirements of steel protective doors.

[0019] The electric suction cups on both sides of the handheld steel fire door fire resistance performance in-situ non-destructive testing equipment were attached to five points on the fire door: upper left, upper right, middle, lower left, and lower right. The density of the filling material of three different grades of steel fire doors was measured by using an X-ray sensor based on the propagation time of X-rays through the filling material.

[0020] Using the principle of triangulation, a laser sensor emits a laser beam onto the door surface. When the door position is changed, the incident position of the laser beam will move. By detecting the incident position, the thickness of three different grades of steel fire doors can be determined.

[0021] The thickness of steel plates for three different grades of steel fire doors was determined by measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves or the change of eddy currents in the steel plate using an ultrasonic eddy current sensor.

[0022] Step 2: Establish a standard database

[0023] Based on the data obtained in step 1, a standard database corresponding to steel fire doors of different grades is established. The parameters of steel fire doors of each grade are the same in all directions, with an error of no more than 5%.

[0024] Step 3: Sample Determination

[0025] The fire door under test is measured according to the measurement steps in step 1. The obtained data is compared with the data in the standard database to determine the fire resistance performance of the steel fire door under test.

[0026] The thicknesses of the three types of perlite fireproof boards, A, B, and C, are 43mm, 36mm, and 28mm, respectively.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] This invention provides a handheld in-situ non-destructive testing device and method for testing the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors. By using symmetrical equipment to perform tests on both sides of the fire door, in-situ non-destructive testing of the fire door can be achieved. It is easy to operate and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a handheld, non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors in situ;

[0030] Figure 2 Main view of a handheld non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors in situ;

[0031] Figure 3 Right view of a handheld non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors;

[0032] Figure 4 Axonometric drawing of a handheld non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To gain a deeper understanding of this invention, we will provide a comprehensive and detailed description. However, this invention has various implementations and is not limited to the specific examples listed herein. These examples are presented to enhance a full understanding of the disclosure of this invention.

[0034] A handheld in-situ non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors. The device adopts a symmetrical double-sided clamping structure and includes a shell 1, an ultrasonic eddy current sensor 2, a frame 3, a linear bearing 4, a laser sensor 5, a drive motor 6, a drive shaft 7, an X-ray sensor 8, a guide shaft 9, an electric suction cup 10, a bearing and a bearing rod 11.

[0035] The outer casing 1 is equipped with a handle to enable handheld measurement.

[0036] The ultrasonic eddy current sensor 2 and the X-ray sensor 8 are fixed by a linear bearing 4, a bearing and a bearing rod 11.

[0037] The laser sensor 5 is fixed to the frame 3;

[0038] The drive motor 6 drives the drive shaft 7 and guide shaft 9 to make the electric suction cup 10 adhere to both sides of the fire door being tested.

[0039] The device has four electric suction cups 10, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the device and fixed on the frame 3. They are driven by the drive motor 6 and the drive shaft 7 to move and adhere to the fire door being tested.

[0040] There are four laser sensors 5, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the device and are used to measure the thickness of the fire door.

[0041] There is one ultrasonic eddy current sensor 2 and one X-ray sensor 8. The ultrasonic eddy current sensor 2 is used to measure the thickness of the steel plate, and the X-ray sensor 8 is used to measure the density of the filling material.

[0042] A method for using a handheld, in-situ, non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors, the method comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Calibrate the sample's set values;

[0044] Based on the fire resistance rating of steel fire doors, select the thicknesses of three types of perlite fireproof boards (A, B, and C) that meet the fire resistance ratings of Class A, B, and C, and prepare standard fire doors according to the assembly requirements of steel protective doors.

[0045] The electric suction cups on both sides of the handheld steel fire door fire resistance performance in-situ non-destructive testing equipment were attached to five points on the fire door: upper left, upper right, middle, lower left, and lower right. The density of the filling material of three different grades of steel fire doors was measured by using an X-ray sensor based on the propagation time of X-rays through the filling material.

[0046] Using the principle of triangulation, a laser sensor emits a laser beam onto the door surface. When the door position is changed, the incident position of the laser beam will move. By detecting the incident position, the thickness of three different grades of steel fire doors can be determined.

[0047] The thickness of steel plates for three different grades of steel fire doors was determined by measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves or the change of eddy currents in the steel plate using an ultrasonic eddy current sensor.

[0048] Step 2: Establish a standard database

[0049] Based on the data obtained in step 1, a standard database corresponding to steel fire doors of different grades is established. The parameters of steel fire doors of each grade are the same in all directions, with an error of no more than 5%.

[0050] Step 3: Sample Determination

[0051] The fire door under test is measured according to the measurement steps in step 1. The obtained data is compared with the data in the standard database to determine the fire resistance performance of the steel fire door under test.

[0052] The thicknesses of the three types of perlite fireproof boards, A, B, and C, are 43mm, 36mm, and 28mm, respectively.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The fire resistance performance of steel fire doors in the underground parking lot of a shopping mall was determined using the handheld in-situ non-destructive testing equipment for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors, as described in this invention.

[0055] S1: The fire resistance rating of the steel fire door in the shopping mall is Class A. Therefore, the steel plate thickness, fire door thickness and filling material density are measured by laboratory standard steel fire door (filled with 43mm pearl cotton).

[0056] S2: Establish a standard database: Based on the obtained data, establish a parameter database for Class A steel fire doors;

[0057] S3: Turn on the device and bring both ends of the device close to the sides of the fire door being tested. The device's drive motor and drive shaft will drive the electric suction cup to firmly adhere to the door. The laser sensor will start working to measure the thickness of the fire door. The ultrasonic eddy current sensor and X-ray sensor will start working simultaneously to measure the thickness of the steel plate and the density of the filling material.

[0058] S4: Compare laboratory data and measured data to determine the fire resistance performance of the tested steel fire door. The measurement data are shown in the table below:

[0059] Table 1. Comparison of fire resistance parameters of steel fire doors in the underground parking lot of a shopping mall

[0060] Test parameters Laboratory reference values Equipment measurement values deviation in conclusion Overall thickness of fire door 50.0mm 49.9 -0.1mm qualified Steel plate thickness 1.2mm 1.2 0.0mm qualified Filler material density 95 92 -3% qualified

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Taking the fire resistance performance testing of steel fire doors in underground parking lots of shopping malls as an example, this test uses a split-type portable handheld steel fire door fire resistance performance in-situ non-destructive testing equipment, including the following steps:

[0063] S1: The fire resistance rating of the steel fire door in the shopping mall is Class A. Therefore, the steel plate thickness, fire door thickness and filling material density are measured by laboratory standard steel fire door (filled with 43mm pearl cotton).

[0064] S2: Establish a standard database: Based on the obtained data, establish a parameter database for Class A steel fire doors. The parameters of steel fire doors should be the same in five directions, with an error of no more than 5%.

[0065] S3: Turn on the device and place the two symmetrical ends of the device close to the two sides of the fire door to be tested. Use the symmetrical tool to align the two sides of the device with the door. The device's drive motor and drive shaft drive the electric suction cup to firmly adhere to the door. The laser sensor starts working to measure the thickness of the fire door. The ultrasonic eddy current sensor and X-ray sensor start working simultaneously to measure the thickness of the steel plate and the density of the filling material.

[0066] S4: Compare laboratory data and measured data to determine the fire resistance performance of the tested steel fire door. The measurement data are shown in the table below:

[0067] Table 2 Comparison of fire resistance performance parameters of steel fire doors in the underground parking lot of a shopping mall (separate measurements)

[0068] Test parameters Laboratory reference values Equipment measurement values deviation in conclusion Overall thickness of fire door 50.0mm 49.8 -0.2mm qualified Steel plate thickness 1.2mm 1.18 -0.02mm qualified Filler material density 95 94 -2% qualified

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Test subjects: Steel fire doors (of different specifications) installed at 3 construction sites.

[0071] Test method: Without disassembling the fire door, use this equipment to conduct in-situ testing; simultaneously take samples and send them to the laboratory for destructive testing as a comparison benchmark; record the on-site testing environmental conditions and operational difficulty.

[0072] Table 3 Comparison of Field Test Data

[0073] Test Project Measurement values ​​of this equipment Laboratory destructive testing values deviation Evaluation Conclusion Fire door A (45mm thick) 44.8±0.2mm 44.9mm -0.1mm qualified Fire door A (steel plate layer) 1.0±0.03mm 1.0mm 0.0mm qualified Fire door A (fill density) Signal strength 90 Meets standards - qualified Fire door B (50mm thick) 49.5±0.2mm 49.6mm -0.1mm qualified Fire door B (steel plate layer) 1.1±0.04mm 1.1mm 0.0mm qualified Fire door B (fill density) Signal strength 78 Low density -15% Unqualified Fire door C (thickness 60mm) 59.7±0.3mm 59.8mm -0.1mm qualified Fire door C (steel plate layer) 1.3±0.05mm 1.3mm 0.0mm qualified Fire door C (fill density) Signal strength 94 Meets standards - qualified

[0074] On-site test feedback: The equipment is relatively easy to operate, and a single person can complete the detection of key points of a single door within 5 minutes; the electric suction cup is reliable on smooth surfaces, but requires cleaning on rough or dusty surfaces; the test data has a good correlation with laboratory results (R²>0.92); the algorithm for evaluating the density of filling materials needs further optimization to improve the accuracy of judgment.

[0075] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although illustrative specific embodiments of the invention have been described above to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. Various modifications are readily apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of this invention are protected.

Claims

1. A handheld, in-situ, non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors, characterized in that: The device adopts a symmetrical double-sided clamping structure, including a shell (1), an ultrasonic eddy current sensor (2), a frame (3), a linear bearing (4), a laser sensor (5), a drive motor (6), a drive shaft (7), an X-ray sensor (8), a guide shaft (9), an electric suction cup (10), a bearing and a bearing rod (11). The outer casing (1) is equipped with a handle; The ultrasonic eddy current sensor (2) and the X-ray sensor (8) are fixed by a linear bearing (4), a bearing and a bearing rod (11); The laser sensor (5) is fixed on the frame (3); The drive motor (6) drives the drive shaft (7) and the guide shaft (9) to make the electric suction cup (10) adhere to both sides of the fire door being tested.

2. The handheld in-situ non-destructive testing equipment for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four electric suction cups (10) in the device, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the device and fixed on the frame (3). They are driven by the drive motor (6) and the drive shaft (7) to move and adhere to the fire door to be tested. There are four laser sensors (5), which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the device and used to measure the thickness of fire doors; There is one ultrasonic eddy current sensor (2) and one X-ray sensor (8). The ultrasonic eddy current sensor (2) is used to measure the thickness of the steel plate, and the X-ray sensor (8) is used to measure the density of the filling material.

3. A method of using a handheld, in-situ non-destructive testing device for the fire resistance performance of steel fire doors as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that... The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Calibrate the sample's set value Based on the fire resistance rating of steel fire doors, select the thicknesses of three types of perlite fireproof boards (A, B, and C) that meet the fire resistance ratings of Class A, B, and C, and prepare standard fire doors according to the assembly requirements of steel protective doors. The electric suction cups on both sides of the handheld steel fire door fire resistance performance in-situ non-destructive testing equipment were attached to five points on the fire door: upper left, upper right, middle, lower left, and lower right. The density of the filling material of three different grades of steel fire doors was measured by using an X-ray sensor based on the propagation time of X-rays through the filling material. Using the principle of triangulation, a laser sensor emits a laser beam onto the door surface. When the door position is changed, the incident position of the laser beam will move. By detecting the incident position, the thickness of three different grades of steel fire doors can be determined. The thickness of steel plates for three different grades of steel fire doors was determined by measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves or the change of eddy currents in the steel plate using an ultrasonic eddy current sensor. Step 2: Establish a standard database Based on the data obtained in step 1, a standard database corresponding to steel fire doors of different grades is established. The parameters of steel fire doors of each grade are the same in all directions, with an error of no more than 5%. Step 3: Sample Determination The fire door under test is measured according to the measurement steps in step 1. The obtained data is compared with the data in the standard database to determine the fire resistance performance of the steel fire door under test.

4. The method of using the handheld steel fire door fire resistance performance in-situ non-destructive testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thicknesses of the three types of perlite fireproof boards, A, B, and C, are 43mm, 36mm, and 28mm, respectively.

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