Metal workpiece surface polishing automatic treatment device and method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic treatment device and method for metal workpiece surface polishing and application. According to the automatic environment-friendly electrochemical polishing device, the workpieces are automatically transferred through the automatic conveying device, automatic connection of all the procedures is achieved, and the automatic environment-friendly electrochemical polishing process of the metal workpieces such as the pure magnesium workpieces is achieved; and compared with the prior art, only water is used as a cleaning medium in the whole process, and toxic and harmful chemical agents are not needed. The environmental pollution risk is greatly reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met. The environment-friendly polishing solution is adopted for electrochemical polishing, core components of the polishing solution are biodegradable non-toxic reagents such as ethyl alcohol and glycerinum, waste liquid treatment is simple, zero liquid discharge can be achieved, and the difficulty and cost of waste water treatment are remarkably reduced. According to the invention, the process flow is simplified, the consumption of chemicals and pollution emission are reduced, and the process efficiency is improved. According to the invention, whole-process monitoring and automatic operation from pretreatment to post-treatment are realized, the production efficiency and consistency are improved, and the method is suitable for industrial large-scale application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, in particular to a metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device and method capable of being used for magnesium alloy workpiece surface polishing treatment and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Magnesium alloy is an important light metal material, which is widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile, electronic products and implantable medical devices due to its light weight, high strength, good heat dissipation, excellent electromagnetic shielding and excellent impact resistance. However, magnesium alloy has a relatively active chemical property and a negative standard equilibrium potential (-2.36V), which is easily corroded and degraded in the human body environment. In order to improve the corrosion resistance and use performance of magnesium alloy, surface treatment becomes an effective method. Mechanical polishing, anodic oxidation, chemical conversion, metal plating, ion implantation, sol-gel method and physical vapor deposition are widely used.

[0003] However, the traditional surface treatment method still has many shortcomings: (1) The traditional mechanical polishing method has low efficiency, high labor intensity, poor consistency, and is easy to produce dust pollution and surface stress, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial large-scale application.

[0004] (2) The polishing liquid used in the existing chemical polishing or electrochemical polishing technology usually contains toxic and harmful components such as chromium acid (Cr 6+ ), phosphoric acid and nitric acid, and the treatment of waste water and waste liquid is difficult, the cost is high, and it is not friendly to the environment.

[0005] (3) The traditional polishing process is complicated, and the pretreatment and post-treatment steps often use acid, alkali and organic solvent for cleaning and neutralization, which further increases the consumption of chemicals and pollution emission, and is difficult to meet the increasingly improved industrial environmental protection requirements.

[0006] (4) The traditional electrochemical polishing process is complicated, and special electrolyte and additives are needed when processing special materials, which increases the experimental cost and production difficulty.

[0007] (5) The current electrochemical polishing equipment and process are difficult to realize the automatic continuous production of the whole process, and the efficiency is low, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial large-scale application.

[0008] In summary, there are problems such as serious environmental pollution in the magnesium alloy polishing process, complicated process, low automation degree and unsatisfactory surface quality in the existing surface treatment technology. Therefore, a new surface polishing scheme suitable for metal workpieces such as magnesium alloy is urgently needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] The application aims to provide a metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device, method and application capable of being used for magnesium alloy workpiece surface polishing processing, so as to solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, complicated process, low automation degree and unsatisfactory surface quality in the magnesium alloy polishing process in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following solutions. In one aspect, the application provides a metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method, comprising the following steps. S1, automatically cleaning the surface of the metal workpiece to be processed by a pre-cleaning device; S2, automatically transferring the cleaned metal workpiece to an electrolytic polishing tank by an automatic conveying device, as an anode; S3, after injecting an environment-friendly polishing liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank, electrifying the electrolytic polishing tank to perform electrochemical polishing on the surface of the metal workpiece; S4, automatically transferring the polished metal workpiece from the electrolytic polishing tank to a post-cleaning device by the automatic conveying device, and the post-cleaning device performs immersion washing or rinsing on the metal workpiece by using deionized water.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step S4 further comprises the following step: S5, detecting the surface polishing quality of the cleaned metal workpiece, if the detection is not up to standard, executing step S6, if the detection is up to standard, executing step S7; S6, returning to step S1 and repeating steps S1-S5; S7, completing the polishing process.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step S5 comprises the following steps: S51, detecting the micro-porosity of the surface of the metal workpiece; S52, detecting the surface roughness of the surface of the metal workpiece; S53, detecting the surface glossiness of the metal workpiece; S54, detecting the corrosion resistance of the metal workpiece; The execution order of any two of steps S51, S52, S53 and S54 can be exchanged; If at least one of the surface roughness and the corrosion resistance is not up to standard, step S6 is executed, if all of the surface roughness and the corrosion resistance are up to standard, step S7 is executed.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S51, the up-to-standard micro-porosity is 1%-2%; In step S52, the up-to-standard surface roughness Ra is not greater than 0.8 μm; In step S53, the qualified surface glossiness is greater than or equal to 60°; In step S54, after the metal workpiece is soaked in Hanks solution for 2 days, if the surface of the workpiece is flat without obvious distortion, scratch, spot and other defects, and the outer contour is clear and complete without burr, the corrosion is qualified.

[0014] In some embodiments, step S1 comprises the following steps: S11, automatically conveying the metal workpiece to be processed to a pretreatment position by an automatic conveying device; S12, cleaning the surface of the metal workpiece by high-pressure water jet or ultrasonic water washing at the pretreatment position.

[0015] In some embodiments, step S3 comprises the following steps: S31, introducing the environment-friendly polishing solution into the electrolytic polishing tank; S32, supplying power to the electrolytic polishing tank by using a direct current power supply at 20-40°C, and controlling the current density at 0.5-5 A / dm 2 2 , and the polishing time is 30-300 seconds.

[0016] In some embodiments, step S4 comprises the following steps: S41, moving the polished metal workpiece out of the electrolytic polishing tank by an automatic conveying device; S42, transferring the metal workpiece to the post-washing equipment; S43, the post-washing equipment uses deionized water at room temperature or heated to soak or spray the metal workpiece.

[0017] In another aspect, the present application provides a metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device, which can implement the above-mentioned metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method, comprising: a pre-washing equipment for automatically washing the surface of the metal workpiece to be processed; an electrochemical polishing equipment comprising an electrolytic polishing tank configured with a cathode, which can perform electrochemical polishing treatment on the surface of the metal workpiece; a post-washing equipment for soaking or washing the metal workpiece after polishing treatment; a detection assembly for detecting the surface polishing quality of the metal workpiece after polishing and washing; an automatic conveying device comprising a workpiece clamp and a workpiece driving mechanism, the workpiece clamp is used to clamp the metal workpiece, and the workpiece driving mechanism is connected with the workpiece clamp and used to drive the workpiece clamp to move, so as to automatically transfer the metal workpiece between any two of the pre-washing equipment, the electrochemical polishing equipment, the post-washing equipment and the detection assembly.​ A PC end control component in communication connection with the pre-cleaning device, the electrochemical polishing device, the post-cleaning device, the detection component and the automatic transmission device to control the automatic operation of the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method.

[0018] In some embodiments, the workpiece driving mechanism comprises: A rack provided with a slide rail at the top, the pre-cleaning device, the electrochemical polishing device, the post-cleaning device and the detection component are arranged in sequence below the rack along the extension direction of the slide rail; A telescopic device in sliding cooperation with the slide rail at the top, the bottom of the telescopic device is connected with the workpiece clamp, and the telescopic device can automatically extend and retract to drive the workpiece clamp to rise and fall; A sliding drive connected with the telescopic device to drive the telescopic device to move along the slide rail to automatically transfer the metal workpiece between any two of the pre-cleaning device, the electrochemical polishing device, the post-cleaning device and the detection component.

[0019] In some embodiments, the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device further comprises a drying component arranged between the post-cleaning device and the detection component, and the drying component can dry the surface of the metal workpiece.

[0020] In another aspect, the application also provides the use of the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method or the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device in the polishing processing of a magnesium alloy workpiece.

[0021] The application has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: The metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device and method of the application automatically transfer the workpiece by using an automatic transmission device, realize the automatic connection between processes, and realize the automatic and environmentally-friendly electrochemical polishing process of the metal workpiece such as the pure magnesium workpiece. 1. The application uses high-pressure water jet or ultrasonic water washing for pretreatment cleaning, uses deionized water at room temperature or heated for post-treatment rinsing, and only uses water as the cleaning medium throughout the process, without using toxic and harmful chemicals, effectively avoiding the use and discharge of pollutants such as chromium acid (Cr 6+ ), phosphoric acid and nitric acid, greatly reducing the risk of environmental pollution and meeting the environmental protection requirements.

[0022] 2. The present application adopts an environmentally friendly polishing solution for electrochemical polishing, and the core components of the polishing solution are biodegradable and non-toxic reagents such as ethanol and glycerol, the waste liquid treatment is simple, zero liquid discharge can be realized, and the difficulty and cost of wastewater treatment are significantly reduced.

[0023] 3. The process flow of the present application is simplified, only pretreatment, electrochemical polishing and post-treatment steps and automatic transfer of workpieces between steps are required, without complex secondary cleaning of acid, alkali and organic solvent, reducing the consumption of chemicals and pollution emissions, and improving the process efficiency.

[0024] 4. The present application uses automatic transmission devices such as conveyor belt devices and telescopic arms to realize automatic workpiece transmission, and realizes whole process monitoring and automatic operation from pretreatment to post-treatment by combining with the control system, improves the production efficiency and consistency, and is suitable for industrial large-scale application.

[0025] 5. The present application realizes uniform dissolution and bright treatment of the surface of pure magnesium workpiece by optimizing the ratio of environmentally friendly polishing solution and process parameters, significantly improves the surface quality, and improves the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy.

[0026] The present application develops a new pure magnesium polishing process with full-process environmental protection, high efficiency and suitable for automatic continuous production, which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and has important industrial application value and environmental protection significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The flowchart of the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] In the figure: 100-metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device; 1-pre-cleaning equipment; 2-electrochemical polishing equipment; 3-post-cleaning equipment; 4-detection assembly; 5-workpiece clamp; 6-slideway; 7-telescopic device; 8-PC end control assembly; 9-Drying components; 10-Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated processing device, method and application for polishing the surface of magnesium alloy workpieces, in order to solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, cumbersome process, low degree of automation and unsatisfactory surface quality in the existing surface treatment technology of magnesium alloy polishing.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces, including the following steps: S1. The surface of the metal workpiece to be treated is automatically water-cleaned using a pre-cleaning device; S2. The cleaned metal workpiece is automatically transferred to the electrolytic polishing tank by an automated transfer device to serve as the anode; S3. After injecting environmentally friendly polishing liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank, the electrolytic polishing tank is energized to perform electrochemical polishing on the surface of the metal workpiece; the use of environmentally friendly polishing liquid can achieve environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing.

[0034] S4. The polished metal workpiece is automatically transferred from the electrolytic polishing tank to the post-cleaning equipment through an automated transfer device. The post-cleaning equipment then uses deionized water to immerse or rinse the metal workpiece. This process is also considered environmentally friendly cleaning.

[0035] Both steps S2 and S4 above involve the use of automated transmission devices. The two steps can use the same automated transmission device or use separate sets of equipment. Automated transmission devices include, but are not limited to, cranes, workshop tracks, mobile robotic arms, mobile trolleys, conveyor belts, and other components.

[0036] In some feasible implementations, step S4 is followed by the following step: S5, surface polishing quality of the metal workpiece after cleaning in step 4 is detected, if the detection is not up to standard, step S6 is executed, if the detection is up to standard, step S7 is executed; S6, return to step S1 and repeat steps S1-S5; S7, finish polishing treatment.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, step S5 includes steps of: S51, detect micro porosity of the surface of the metal workpiece, if the micro porosity meets the preset value, the parameter is up to standard, otherwise it is not up to standard; S52, detect surface roughness of the surface of the metal workpiece, if the surface roughness meets the preset value, it is up to standard, otherwise it is not up to standard; S53, detect surface glossiness of the metal workpiece, if the surface glossiness meets the preset value, the parameter is up to standard, otherwise it is not up to standard; S54, detect corrosion resistance of the metal workpiece, if the corrosion resistance meets the preset value, the parameter is up to standard, otherwise it is not up to standard; The execution order of any two of the aforementioned steps S51, S52, S53 and S54 can be interchanged, and the sequential execution of S51, S52, S53 and S54 is only one possible operation mode. If at least one of the surface roughness and corrosion resistance is not up to standard, regardless of the rest of the parameters, it is determined that the polishing quality of the workpiece surface is not up to standard, step S6 is executed, if the surface roughness and corrosion resistance are both up to standard, regardless of the rest of the parameters, it is determined that the polishing quality of the workpiece surface is up to standard, step S7 is executed.

[0038] In some possible embodiments, the preset values of the parameters in the aforementioned step S5 can be set as follows: In step S51, the micro porosity up to standard is 1%-2%, and beyond the range is not up to standard; In step S52, the surface roughness Ra up to standard should be no more than 0.8 μm, and beyond the range is not up to standard; In step S53, the surface glossiness up to standard is ≥60°, and beyond the range is not up to standard; In step S54, after the metal workpiece is soaked in Hanks solution for 2 days, if the surface of the workpiece is flat, there is no obvious distortion, scratch, spot and other defects, the outer contour should be clear, complete and without burr, the corrosion resistance is up to standard, if the surface of the workpiece is damaged (which can be of different degrees), it is not up to standard.

[0039] The above step S1 mainly performs pretreatment and water-based cleaning, and the operation process can specifically include the following steps: S11, automatically transport the metal workpiece to be processed to a pretreatment position by an automatic conveying device; S12, in the pretreatment position, the surface of the metal workpiece is cleaned by high-pressure water jet or ultrasonic water washing to remove physical contaminants such as oil stains and particulate matter.

[0040] In actual operation, step S1 further includes step S13, i.e. workpiece drying, which can be natural air drying, or using hot air or clean compressed air to dry the surface of the workpiece. Ensure that the workpiece remains dry before entering the next process.

[0041] In the above step S2, the electrolytic polishing tank is the core component of the existing electrochemical polishing equipment, which belongs to the existing equipment, and its structure and working principle will not be described in detail. After the metal workpiece is automatically transferred into the electrolytic polishing tank, it serves as the anode, and the electrolytic polishing tank itself is configured with an inert electrode as the cathode.

[0042] The above step S3 is mainly to perform environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing, and the operation process can specifically include the following steps: S31, the environmentally friendly polishing solution is introduced into the electrolytic polishing tank; the environmentally friendly polishing solution can be configured on site or prepared in advance; S32, a 5V-20V direct current power supply is used to power the electrolytic polishing tank at 20℃-40℃, and the current density is controlled at 0.5A / dm 2 -5A / dm 2 , and the polishing time is 30 seconds-300 seconds.

[0043] In some feasible embodiments, the composition and weight percentage of the environmentally friendly polishing solution are as follows: Ethanol: 60%-80%; Glycerol: 10%-30%; Inorganic salt additive: 1%-10% (preferably one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and sodium tartrate); Deionized water: the balance.

[0044] The above step S4 is mainly to perform post-polishing treatment and water-based rinsing, and the operation process can specifically include the following steps: S41, the polished metal workpiece is removed from the electrolytic polishing tank by an automatic conveying device; S42, the metal workpiece is transferred to a post-cleaning device; S43, the post-cleaning device can use a multi-stage countercurrent rinsing tank, which uses deionized water at room temperature or heated to perform at least one immersion or spray washing on the metal workpiece. In actual operation, immersion washing is performed in multiple times, such as two or more times.

[0045] In actual operation, step S4 further includes step S44, i.e. workpiece drying, which can be natural air drying, or using hot air or clean compressed air to dry the surface of the workpiece. Ensure that the workpiece remains dry before entering the next process.

[0046] The automatic operation process of the above-mentioned automatic surface polishing method of metal workpieces will be specifically described below in combination with the surface polishing of two pure magnesium workpieces as specific examples.

[0047] The specific steps of the first example of automatic surface polishing of pure magnesium workpieces are as follows: Step S1, pretreatment and water-based cleaning: Step S11, the pure magnesium workpiece to be processed is sent into the pretreatment position by the telescopic arm; Step S12, in the pretreatment position, the workpiece surface is cleaned by using a jet washing method, the water pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the cleaning time is 30-60 seconds, so as to remove physical contaminants such as oil stains and particulate matter on the surface of the workpiece; Step S13, the workpiece surface is dried by using 80°C hot air.

[0048] Step S2, the pretreated pure magnesium workpiece is transferred from the telescopic arm to the environmentally friendly electrolytic polishing tank as an anode; at the same time, the electrolytic polishing tank uses a 316L stainless steel sheet as an inert cathode.

[0049] Step S3, environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing: Step S31, the following environmentally friendly polishing solution is introduced into the electrolytic polishing tank: 70% ethanol, 20% glycerol, 5% sodium carbonate, and 5% deionized water; Step S32, at 30°C, a 15V direct current power supply is used to power the electrolytic polishing tank, the current density is 2A / dm 2 , and the polishing time is 120 seconds.

[0050] Step S4, workpiece polishing post-treatment and water-based rinsing: Step S41, the polished pure magnesium workpiece is removed from the electrolytic polishing tank by the telescopic arm; Step S42, the pure magnesium workpiece is transferred to the multi-stage countercurrent rinsing tank by the telescopic arm; Step S43, the pure magnesium workpiece is immersed in deionized water at room temperature for three times, and each time for 30 seconds; the temperature of the deionized water at room temperature is preferably 25-37°C; Step S44, the workpiece surface is dried by using 80°C hot air.

[0051] Step S5, detection: Step S51, the micro-porosity of the workpiece surface is detected, and the porosity is 1.5%; Step S52, the surface roughness of the workpiece is detected, and the surface roughness Ra is 0.8μm; Step S53, the glossiness of the workpiece surface is detected, and the glossiness is 65°; Step S54, detecting the corrosion resistance of the workpiece surface, the surface is intact after soaking in Hanks solution for 2 days, and the final product is obtained.

[0052] Example two of the automatic polishing process of the pure magnesium workpiece surface, the specific steps are as follows: Step S1, pretreatment and water-based cleaning: Step S11, the pure magnesium workpiece to be processed is sent to the pretreatment position by the conveying belt device; Step S12, in the pretreatment position, the workpiece surface is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning, the frequency is 40 kHz, the power is 400 W, and the cleaning time is 60 seconds, so as to remove the physical pollutants such as oil stains and particulate matter on the workpiece surface; Step S13, the workpiece surface is dried by using 60°C clean compressed air.

[0053] Step S2, the pretreated pure magnesium workpiece is transferred from the telescopic arm to the environmentally friendly electrolytic polishing tank as the anode; at the same time, the electrolytic polishing tank uses platinum sheet as the inert cathode.

[0054] Step S3, environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing: Step S31, the environmentally friendly polishing solution is introduced into the electrolytic polishing tank: ethanol 65%, glycerol 25%, sodium citrate 5%, and deionized water 5%; Step S32, at 35°C, a 10V direct current power supply is used to power the electrolytic polishing tank, the current density is 3A / dm 2 , and the polishing time is 180 seconds.

[0055] Step S4, workpiece polishing post-treatment and water-based rinsing: Step S41, the polished pure magnesium workpiece is moved out of the electrolytic polishing tank by the conveying belt device; Step S42, the pure magnesium workpiece is transferred to the multi-stage countercurrent rinsing tank by the conveying belt device; Step S43, the pure magnesium workpiece is sprayed and washed four times by 45°C heated deionized water, and each washing time is 20 seconds; Step S44, the workpiece surface is dried by using 60°C hot air.

[0056] Step S5, detection: Step S51, detecting the micro-porosity of the workpiece surface, the porosity is 1.8%; Step S52, detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece, the surface roughness Ra is 0.6μm; Step S53, detecting the glossiness of the workpiece surface, the glossiness is 68°; Step S54, detecting the corrosion resistance of the workpiece surface, the surface is intact after soaking in Hanks solution for 2 days, and the final product is obtained.

[0057] The metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method adopts automatic conveying devices to automatically transfer workpieces, realizes automatic connection between processes, and realizes automatic environmental protection electrochemical polishing process of pure magnesium workpieces and other metal workpieces. 1. The present application adopts high-pressure water jet or ultrasonic water washing for pretreatment cleaning, uses deionized water at room temperature or heated for post-treatment rinsing, only uses water as cleaning medium throughout the process, and does not need to use toxic and harmful chemicals, effectively avoiding the use and discharge of chromium acid (Cr 6+ ), phosphoric acid, nitric acid and other pollutants, greatly reducing the risk of environmental pollution and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0058] 2. The present application adopts environmental protection polishing liquid for electrochemical polishing, and the core components of the polishing liquid are biodegradable non-toxic reagents such as ethanol and glycerol, and the waste liquid treatment is simple, which can realize zero liquid discharge, and significantly reduce the difficulty and cost of wastewater treatment.

[0059] 3. The process flow of the present application is simplified, only pretreatment, electrochemical polishing and post-treatment steps and automatic transfer of workpieces between steps are needed, without complex secondary cleaning of acid, alkali and organic solvent, reducing the consumption and pollution discharge of chemicals and improving the process efficiency.

[0060] 4. The present application adopts conveying belt device, telescopic arm and other automatic conveying devices to realize automatic workpiece transmission, and realizes whole process monitoring and automatic operation from pretreatment to post-treatment by combining with the control system, improves the production efficiency and consistency, and is suitable for industrial large-scale application.

[0061] 5. The present application realizes uniform dissolution and bright treatment of the surface of pure magnesium workpiece by optimizing the ratio of environmental protection polishing liquid and process parameters, significantly improves the surface quality, and improves the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy.

[0062] Example 2 As Figure 2 shown, the present embodiment proposes a metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing device 100, which can implement the metal workpiece surface polishing automatic processing method of embodiment 1, and the device mainly includes pretreatment cleaning equipment 1, electrochemical polishing equipment 2, post-treatment cleaning equipment 3, detection assembly 4, automatic conveying device and PC end control assembly 8, wherein: The pretreatment cleaning equipment 1 is used for automatic water cleaning of the surface of the metal workpiece to be processed; The electrochemical polishing equipment 2 includes an electrolytic polishing tank configured with a cathode, which can perform electrochemical polishing treatment on the surface of the metal workpiece; The post-treatment cleaning equipment 3 is used for immersion washing or rinsing of the metal workpiece after polishing treatment; Inspection component 4 is used to inspect the surface polishing quality of polished and cleaned metal workpieces; The automated transfer device includes a workpiece clamp 5 and a workpiece drive mechanism. The workpiece clamp 5 is used to hold metal workpieces, and the workpiece drive mechanism is connected to the workpiece clamp 5 to drive the workpiece clamp 5 to move so as to enable the automated transfer of metal workpieces between any two of the pre-cleaning equipment 1, electrochemical polishing equipment 2, post-cleaning equipment 3 and detection component 4. PC-based control component 8 communicates with pre-cleaning equipment 1, electrochemical polishing equipment 2, post-cleaning equipment 3, detection component 4, and automated transmission device to control the automated operation of the aforementioned automated metal workpiece surface polishing process.

[0063] In some feasible implementations, the workpiece driving mechanism includes, but is not limited to, multi-axis robotic arms, conveyor belt devices, and track devices. Specifically, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the workpiece driving mechanism includes a frame 10, a telescopic device 7, and a sliding drive. A slide rail 6 is provided on the top of the frame 10. The pre-cleaning equipment 1, the electrochemical polishing equipment 2, the post-cleaning equipment 3, and the detection component 4 are all located below the frame 10 and are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the slide rail 6. The top of the telescopic device 7 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 6, and the bottom of the telescopic device 7 is connected to the workpiece clamp 5. The telescopic device 7 can automatically extend and retract to drive the workpiece clamp 5 to rise and fall. The sliding drive is connected to the telescopic device 7 and is used to drive the telescopic device 7 to move along the slide rail 6 to automatically transfer the metal workpiece between any two of the pre-cleaning equipment 1, the electrochemical polishing equipment 2, the post-cleaning equipment 3, and the detection component 4.

[0064] In some feasible implementations, the workpiece fixture 5 is an existing fixture, including but not limited to pneumatic suction cups, pneumatic two-jaw fixtures, pneumatic four-jaw fixtures, etc.

[0065] In some feasible implementations, the telescopic device 7 is an existing telescopic device, including but not limited to electric telescopic arms, multi-axis robotic arms, etc., such as the existing sliding electric telescopic arm structure.

[0066] In some feasible implementations, the slide rail 6 is preferably a linear slide rail.

[0067] In some feasible implementations, the sliding drive is an existing device, including but not limited to using a track trolley, belt drive mechanism, chain conveyor mechanism, etc. Taking the use of a track trolley as an example, the track trolley is slidably installed on the slide rail 6, and the trolley has its own drive mechanism. When the drive mechanism is activated, it can drive the trolley to move along the slide rail 6. Taking the use of a chain conveyor mechanism as an example, the chain conveyor mechanism includes a conveyor chain and a drive sprocket. The conveyor chain is arranged on one side of the slide rail 6 and parallel to the slide rail 6. A protrusion is provided on the conveyor chain and connected to the top of the telescopic device 7. When the drive sprocket is driven by the corresponding motor, it can drive the conveyor chain to drive. When the conveyor chain is driven, it drives the telescopic device 7 to move along the slide rail 6 through the protrusion.

[0068] In some feasible implementations, the frame 10 is preferably a gantry frame, which spans above the pre-cleaning equipment 1, the electrochemical polishing equipment 2, the post-cleaning equipment 3, and the testing component 4, with the slide rail 6 disposed on the lower surface of the top arm of the gantry frame.

[0069] In some feasible implementations, the detection component 4 integrates a microporosity detection component, a surface roughness detection component, a gloss detection component, and a corrosion resistance detection component. The microporosity detection component, surface roughness detection component, gloss detection component, and corrosion resistance detection component are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] In some feasible embodiments, the automated metal workpiece surface polishing device 100 further includes a drying component 9, which is disposed between the post-cleaning device 3 and the detection component 4. The drying component 9 is capable of drying the surface of the metal workpiece and can be used for workpiece drying in the aforementioned steps 2 and 4. The drying component 9 includes, but is not currently available, a hot air blower or a compressor, and a vacuum chamber may also be configured externally to the drying component 9 for vacuum drying.

[0071] In some feasible implementations, the pre-cleaning equipment 1 includes, but is not limited to, high-pressure jet spray guns or ultrasonic cleaning devices.

[0072] In some feasible implementations, the post-cleaning equipment 3 includes, but is not limited to, a multi-stage countercurrent rinsing tank equipped with spray nozzles to spray and rinse the workpiece when needed.

[0073] In some feasible implementations, the electrochemical polishing equipment 2 uses existing electrochemical polishing equipment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0074] The method of using the above-mentioned automated metal workpiece surface polishing device 100 is as follows: Pretreatment and water-based cleaning: The workpiece undergoes ultrasonic pretreatment cleaning in the pre-cleaning equipment 1. Based on the size of the polishing liquid container, the vertical and horizontal vibration amplitude and sequence of the workpiece are set on the PC control component. The ultrasonic cleaning time is 0-5 minutes. Vertical vibration is controlled by the telescopic device 7, while horizontal vibration is controlled by the sliding drive.

[0075] Environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing: Prepare an environmentally friendly polishing solution, then use the telescopic device 7 to move the workpiece into the polishing tank of the electrochemical polishing equipment 2. Introduce the environmentally friendly polishing solution into the tank. Power the tank with a 5V-20V DC power supply at 20℃-40℃, controlling the current density at 0.5A / dm³. 2 -5A / dm 2 Polishing time is 30-300 seconds.

[0076] Post-treatment and water-based rinsing: The workpiece is transferred to a multi-stage countercurrent rinsing tank via a sliding drive for multiple immersion or spray rinsings, each lasting 30 seconds to 2 minutes. Then, the workpiece is conveyed to the drying assembly for drying using a sliding drive.

[0077] Inspection: The inspection component detects the micro porosity, surface roughness, surface gloss and corrosion resistance of the workpiece surface. If the workpiece surface quality does not meet the standards, it returns to the pretreatment step. If it meets the standards, the polishing process is completed to obtain the final product.

[0078] The automated metal workpiece surface polishing device 100 of the present invention can be used for automated and environmentally friendly electrochemical polishing of pure magnesium workpieces. By using the combined application of environmentally friendly polishing methods and automated device control, it is possible to improve polishing production efficiency while controlling polishing precision and uniformity, thus meeting the needs of large-scale industrial applications.

[0079] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has significant innovations and advantages in material selection, structural design and polishing process, and solves the problems of serious environmental pollution, complicated process, low degree of automation and unsatisfactory surface quality in the polishing process of magnesium alloys in existing technologies.

[0080] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0081] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An automated method for polishing the surface of metal workpieces, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. The surface of the metal workpiece to be treated is automatically water-cleaned using a pre-cleaning device; S2. The cleaned metal workpiece is automatically transferred to the electrolytic polishing tank by an automated transfer device to serve as the anode; S3. After injecting environmentally friendly polishing liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank, the electrolytic polishing tank is energized to perform electrochemical polishing on the surface of the metal workpiece. S4. The polished metal workpiece is automatically transferred from the electrolytic polishing tank to the post-cleaning equipment by an automated transfer device. The post-cleaning equipment uses deionized water to immerse or rinse the metal workpiece.

2. The automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 is followed by the following steps: S5. Perform surface polishing quality inspection on the cleaned metal workpiece. If the inspection fails to meet the standard, proceed to step S6. If the inspection meets the standard, proceed to step S7. S6. Return to step S1 and repeat steps S1-S5. S7. Complete the polishing process.

3. The automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. Detect the micro porosity of the surface of a metal workpiece; S52. Inspect the surface roughness of metal workpieces; S53. Detect the surface gloss of metal workpieces; S54. Test the corrosion resistance of metal workpieces; The execution order of any two of steps S51, S52, S53, and S54 can be interchanged; If at least one of the surface roughness and corrosion resistance fails to meet the standard, proceed to step S6; if both the surface roughness and corrosion resistance meet the standard, proceed to step S7.

4. The automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following steps: S11. The metal workpiece to be processed is automatically transported to the pre-processing position by an automated conveying device; S12. At the pretreatment station, the surface of the metal workpiece is cleaned by high-pressure water jet or ultrasonic water washing.

5. The automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Step S3 includes the following steps: S31. The environmentally friendly polishing liquid is introduced into the electrolytic polishing tank; S32. The electrolytic polishing tank is powered by a DC power supply at a temperature of 20℃-40℃, with the current density controlled at 0.5A / dm³. 2 -5A / dm 2 Polishing time is 30-300 seconds.

6. The automated polishing method for metal workpiece surfaces according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Step S4 includes the following steps: S41. The polished metal workpiece is removed from the electrolytic polishing tank by an automated transfer device; S42. Transfer the metal workpiece to the post-cleaning equipment; S43. The post-cleaning equipment uses room temperature or heated deionized water to immerse or spray the metal workpiece.

7. An automated metal workpiece surface polishing device, capable of implementing the automated metal workpiece surface polishing method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, include: Pre-cleaning equipment (1) is used for automated water cleaning of the surface of metal workpieces to be treated; Electrochemical polishing equipment (2) includes an electrolytic polishing tank equipped with a cathode, the electrolytic polishing tank being capable of electrochemical polishing the surface of a metal workpiece; Post-cleaning equipment (3) is used to immerse or rinse the polished metal workpieces. Inspection component (4) is used to inspect the surface polishing quality of polished and cleaned metal workpieces; An automated transfer device includes a workpiece clamp (5) and a workpiece drive mechanism. The workpiece clamp (5) is used to hold a metal workpiece. The workpiece drive mechanism is connected to the workpiece clamp (5) and is used to drive the workpiece clamp (5) to move so as to enable the metal workpiece to be automatically transferred between any two of the pre-cleaning equipment (1), the electrochemical polishing equipment (2), the post-cleaning equipment (3), and the detection component (4). The PC-based control component (8) is connected in communication with the pre-cleaning device (1), the electrochemical polishing device (2), the post-cleaning device (3), the detection component (4), and the automated transmission device to control the automated operation of the metal workpiece surface polishing automated processing method.

8. The automated metal workpiece surface polishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The workpiece driving mechanism includes: A frame (10) is provided with a slide rail (6) on the top of the frame (10). The pre-cleaning device (1), the electrochemical polishing device (2), the post-cleaning device (3) and the detection component (4) are all located below the frame (10) and are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the slide rail (6). The telescopic device (7) has its top end slidingly engaged with the slide rail (6), and its bottom end is connected to the workpiece clamp (5). The telescopic device (7) can automatically extend and retract to drive the workpiece clamp (5) to rise and fall. The sliding drive, connected to the telescopic device (7), is used to drive the telescopic device (7) to move along the slide rail (6) so as to automatically transfer the metal workpiece between any two of the pre-cleaning equipment (1), the electrochemical polishing equipment (2), the post-cleaning equipment (3) and the detection component (4).

9. The automated metal workpiece surface polishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a drying component (9), which is disposed between the post-cleaning device (3) and the detection component (4), and the drying component (9) is capable of drying the surface of the metal workpiece.

10. The automated processing method for polishing the surface of metal workpieces according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or the automated processing device for polishing the surface of metal workpieces according to any one of claims 7 to 9, is used in the polishing process of magnesium alloy workpieces.

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