Gas composition for inhibiting combustion and explosion of hydrogen

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas composition for inhibiting combustion explosion of hydrogen, the gas composition comprises an inhibiting gas and an inert gas, the inhibiting gas comprises saturated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 1-4, and the saturated hydrocarbon comprises methane or n-butane; or the inhibiting gas comprises unsaturated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 1-4, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon comprises isobutene or 1, 3-butadiene. Therefore, according to the gas inhibitor, the synergistic inhibition effect is achieved through the combination of the special inhibition gas and the inert gas, the inhibition efficiency of the inert gas can be improved, the ozone layer of the atmosphere is not damaged, and safety is improved, and the fire risk and pollution emission are reduced. Compared with pure use of the inert gas, the use amount of the inert gas can be reduced by adding the inhibiting gas, resources are saved, and the inhibiting effect and the inhibiting efficiency are improved. And the use of the inhibiting gas does not damage the atmospheric ozone layer, and meanwhile, has no corrosivity, does not damage equipment, and has the characteristic of environmental friendliness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gas inhibitors, in particular to a gas inhibitor composition for preventing and controlling hydrogen explosion. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen has dangerous properties such as low ignition energy, wide explosion limit, easy diffusion, fast combustion speed, high heat release, etc. Once accidental leakage occurs during production, storage, transportation, loading and unloading, and use, hydrogen explosion accidents are likely to occur. Even without ignition sources, the high pressure hydrogen leakage causes a large pressure difference between hydrogen and air, which triggers a strong shock wave, causing the system temperature to rise sharply, and eventually may cause an explosion and cause serious consequences, seriously threatening people's life and property safety. Therefore, hydrogen storage and detection, hydrogen leakage and diffusion, combustion and explosion, ignition and propagation are hot issues in hydrogen safety research.

[0003] The control measures for flammable gas explosion mainly include explosion suppression, explosion isolation, explosion ventilation and explosion closure. Among them, explosion suppression refers to an explosion protection technical measure that effectively destroys the combustion reaction conditions by adding certain inert media to the flammable gas / air mixture, which is used to control flammable gas leakage and explosion accidents.

[0004] In the past, scholars mainly studied explosion suppression materials including inert gases, halogenated hydrocarbons, water mist, and solid powders. Among them, powdery inhibitors such as NaHCO3, NH4H2PO4, and Mg(OH)2 can suppress a small amount of hydrogen mixed gas, but when the hydrogen mixing ratio is greater than 80%, the solid powder inhibitor basically has no inhibitory effect, and the water mist has no obvious effect on the hydrogen explosion suppression of dilute fuel.

[0005] Inert gas has unique advantages in the process of fire extinguishing due to its clean and non-polluting characteristics. However, as an inhibitor, at least 56% of inert gas needs to be added to achieve extinguishing effect. High content of inert gas increases the additional pressure during storage, which increases the design requirements of safety protection equipment during hydrogen storage and transportation, thereby increasing the risk of high-pressure storage.

[0006] Compared with inert gas, halogenated hydrocarbon inhibitors can achieve complete inhibition of hydrogen explosion at a lower dosage. However, due to its negative impact on the environment, halon 1301 and freon extinguishing agents, for example, although they have the advantages of rapid extinguishing, low toxicity, long storage period, and no damage to the disaster, the decomposition of bromine and chlorine atoms will cause serious damage to the ozone layer. Therefore, halogenated hydrocarbon inhibitors are gradually being eliminated.

[0007] Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the safety of hydrogen storage and use to deeply study the inhibition mechanism of hydrogen explosion and screen suitable inhibitors. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a gas composition for inhibiting hydrogen combustion.

[0009] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a gas composition for inhibiting hydrogen combustion comprises: an inhibiting gas and an inert gas, wherein the inhibiting gas comprises a saturated alkane with a carbon atom number of 1 to 4, and the saturated alkane comprises methane or n-butane; or the inhibiting gas comprises an unsaturated alkane with a carbon atom number of 1 to 4, and the unsaturated alkane comprises isobutylene or 1,3-butadiene.

[0010] The mixing ratio of methane to the inert gas is as follows: 3.22% to 80.0% of methane and 20.0% to 96.78% of inert gas.

[0011] The mixing ratio of n-butane to the inert gas is as follows: 3.22% to 60.0% of methane and 40.0% to 96.78% of inert gas.

[0012] The mixing ratio of isobutylene to the inert gas is as follows: 3.22% to 60.0% of isobutylene and 40.0% to 96.78% of inert gas.

[0013] The mixing ratio of 1,3-butadiene to the inert gas is as follows: 2.7% to 71.4% of 1,3-butadiene and 28.6% to 97.3% of inert gas.

[0014] The inert gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide, and the unsaturated alkane further comprises any one of ethylene, propylene, butylene, 1,2-butadiene, 1,3-butadiene, isobutylene, 1-butyne, and 2-butyne. These gases used are high-purity gases with a purity of >99.5%.

[0015] Preferably, the effect of saturated hydrocarbons is stronger than that of unsaturated hydrocarbons, and the optimal saturated hydrocarbon is n-butane, the optimal unsaturated hydrocarbon is isobutylene, and the optimal inert gas is carbon dioxide.

[0016] Specifically, due to the longer carbon chain, the volatility is lower, and when mixed with hydrogen, it is less likely to form a gaseous mixture quickly, and the combustion heat value is lower than that of short-chain hydrocarbons. The molecular structure is larger, and more energy is required for combustion, so the reaction process is relatively mild.

[0017] Therefore, the flame temperature of n-butane is lower than that of methane, ethane, and propane when combusted, which means it has less of a heating effect on the surrounding air and hydrogen. The explosion limit of n-butane (when mixed with air) is approximately 1.8% - 8.5%, while the explosion limits of other hydrocarbons are generally narrower, and when the number of carbon atoms is greater than 4, the hydrocarbons are in a liquid and solid state.

[0018] Secondly, saturated hydrocarbons are connected by single bonds, and they are more stable than unsaturated hydrocarbons and are less likely to undergo cracking reactions. Unsaturated hydrocarbons, on the other hand, contain double or triple bonds, and these unsaturated bonds are more likely to break during combustion, which can initiate new reaction chains and generate more intermediate products.

[0019] Additives with special molecular structures can exhibit unexpected performance in improving the safety of hydrogen. Short-chain dienes have higher resistance to explosion than saturated homologues, but at high concentrations, they can change the stability of the fuel and promote the formation of gelatinous substances.

[0020] Finally, carbon dioxide is the best choice among inert gases, as it not only dilutes the concentration of free radicals but also absorbs a large amount of heat, causing cooling.

[0021] When used, n-butane can undergo thermal decomposition at high temperatures, breaking down into simpler molecules such as methyl radicals and ethylene. This decomposition process absorbs some reaction heat, producing a pyrolysis endothermic effect that lowers the overall temperature of the mixed gas. Since the combustion rate of hydrogen is very sensitive to temperature changes, a decrease in temperature will significantly slow down the combustion reaction rate of hydrogen, thereby suppressing the combustion of hydrogen. At the same time, the addition of n-butane can also consume active free radicals such as H, O, and OH produced during the combustion of hydrogen, further reducing the combustion rate.

[0022] Therefore, n-butane as an additive to suppress hydrogen explosion can significantly improve the safety of the hydrogen use environment. The explosion limit of n-butane is 1.9%~8.5%, while the explosion limit of hydrogen is 4%~75%. By diluting the concentration of hydrogen, n-butane reduces the upper and lower limits of the explosion of the mixed gas, reducing the risk of hydrogen reaching the explosion limit.

[0023] In addition, the addition of n-butane can also increase the explosion energy and reduce the possibility of ignition by a fire source, thereby increasing the safety during the storage, transportation, and use of hydrogen and reducing the possibility of accidents. This provides higher controllability and stability for the industrial application of hydrogen, ensuring safety during operation and the effectiveness of protective facilities.

[0024] When packaging, hydrogen and gas inhibitors can be directly mixed and packaged in a container made of metal and carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite material, with an internal pressure exceeding 700 bar, to effectively avoid material embrittlement and explosion risk. The storage area should be away from heat sources, sparks, open flames and hot surfaces, and effective measures should be taken to prevent static electricity accumulation to ensure the safety and stability of the overall system.

[0025] Before use, the hydrogen and gas inhibitors in the premixed state can be purified and separated by pressure swing adsorption method or condensation method or chemical absorption method or membrane separation method.

[0026] Advantages

[0027] The gas inhibitor of the present application achieves inhibition by reducing the key active radicals in the hydrogen / air flame reaction system (H radicals are the core species of hydrogen chain reaction promotion), and the reduction of their concentration will directly cut off the chain reaction; the consumption of OH radicals, which are important oxidative active species in the flame, will also weaken the reaction promotion ability, which is the common core logic of saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon inhibition. Methane, n-butane will consume H / OH radicals through multi-step reactions, and the decomposition products of 1,3-butadiene also consume H radicals as the key, and ultimately achieve the effect of inhibiting combustion.

[0028] The gas inhibitor composition of the present application can improve the inhibition efficiency of inert gas and does not destroy the ozone layer of the atmosphere by exerting synergistic inhibition effect, thereby improving safety, reducing fire risk and pollution emissions. Compared with the use of pure inert gas, inert gas generally inhibits combustion by diluting flammable gas and reducing oxygen concentration, while the gas inhibitor of the present application can reduce the amount of inert gas used in this process, save resources, reduce the risk of high-pressure storage, and improve the inhibition effect and efficiency. More importantly, it does not damage the ozone layer of the atmosphere, and it is not corrosive and does not damage equipment, and has environmental friendly characteristics.

[0029] In addition, as the main component of the gas inhibitor of the present application, saturated hydrocarbons or unsaturated hydrocarbons are widely used in various fields such as liquefied petroleum gas, fuel, chemical raw materials, etc., and can be obtained by petroleum cracking or natural gas treatment process, and its production process is mature, supply is sufficient, and price is relatively low, which has cost advantage and wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Comparison of the volume of carbon dioxide saved by the gas inhibitor of the present application when extinguishing at different equivalence ratios.

[0031] Figure 2Flame temperature profiles for pure hydrogen / air and 1.5% n-butane / 16% carbon dioxide / 24.4% hydrogen / 45.9% air flames at 1.0 equivalence ratio at ambient temperature and pressure.

[0032] Figure 3 Radical concentration profiles as a function of distance for pure hydrogen / air and 1.5% n-butane / 16% carbon dioxide / 24.4% hydrogen / 45.9% air flames at 1.0 equivalence ratio at ambient temperature and pressure.

[0033] Figure 4 Comparison of the gas suppressant of the present invention to pure carbon dioxide in suppressing the burning velocity of a hydrogen flame.

[0034] Figure 5 Comparison of the gas suppressant of the present invention to pure carbon dioxide in suppressing the maximum explosion pressure of a hydrogen flame.

[0035] Figure 6 Comparison of the gas suppressant of the present invention to pure carbon dioxide in suppressing the explosion index of a hydrogen flame.

[0036] Figure 7 Laminar burning velocity of hydrogen / air with isobutylene added as a gas suppressant.

[0037] Figure 8 Explosion index of hydrogen / air with isobutylene added as a gas suppressant.

[0038] Figure 9 Laminar burning velocity of hydrogen / air with 1,3-butadiene added as a gas suppressant.

[0039] Figure 10 Explosion index of hydrogen / air with 1,3-butadiene added as a gas suppressant.

[0040] Figure 11 Reaction path diagram for a 1.0% methane content in the premixed gas at 1.0 equivalence ratio at ambient temperature and pressure.

[0041] Figure 12 Reaction path diagram for a 1.0% n-butane content in the premixed gas at 1.0 equivalence ratio at ambient temperature and pressure.

[0042] Figure 13 Reaction path diagram for a 1.0% 1,3-butadiene content in the premixed gas at 1.0 equivalence ratio at ambient temperature and pressure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] With reference to the embodiments herein, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments herein, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] In the embodiment, the experimental device includes a spherical constant-volume combustion chamber, a gas premixing tank, a high-speed schlieren camera system, a pressure data acquisition system, a temperature control system, a high-pressure ignition system, and a synchronous control system; and the gas suppression raw material is a mixed gas of n-butane and carbon dioxide.

[0045] Two quartz glass windows with a diameter of 80 mm are arranged on both sides of the combustion chamber. A pair of ignition electrodes are vertically installed on the combustion chamber, which are used to ignite the premixed gas in the combustion chamber. An absolute pressure transmitter, a dynamic pressure sensor, and a K-type thermocouple are respectively installed on the chamber.

[0046] The air in the laminar flow bomb cavity and the connecting pipeline is completely pumped out by a vacuum pump until it is close to vacuum, and then the gas fuel, oxygen, and dilution gas are accurately introduced into the cavity by using the partial pressure principle through the metering needle valve and the pressure transmitter. The gas distribution process is slowly performed until the pressure reading is stable at the set value.

[0047] After each type of gas is configured, the residual gas in the pipeline is completely pumped out by a vacuum pump, and then the next type of gas is configured. After the gas distribution is completed, the premixed gas in the combustion chamber is hydrogen, air, n-butane, and carbon dioxide.

[0048] The premixed gas volume is the sum of the hydrogen volume, the air volume, the volume of saturated alkanes or unsaturated hydrocarbons with carbon atoms from 1 to 4, and the inert gas volume.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] Under this embodiment, the volume of carbon dioxide saved when the gas suppressant is extinguished at different equivalence ratios is shown as follows. Figure 1

[0051] Under normal temperature and pressure conditions, when the equivalence ratio of the hydrogen flame is 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.5, the corresponding pure carbon dioxide gas suppressant needs to account for 48%, 56%, 56%, and 48% of the total premixed gas volume when extinguished; and when a small amount of n-butane is mixed into the gas suppressant, the carbon dioxide accounts for 30%, 26%, 20%, and 10% of the total premixed gas volume.

[0052] Therefore, the volume of carbon dioxide saved at different equivalence ratios when extinguished is 37.5%, 53.6%, 64.3%, and 79.2%, respectively. ​

[0053] It can be seen that with the increase of hydrogen content in the premixed gas, especially in the hydrogen-rich combustion, the burning rate will be significantly accelerated, and the explosion suppression effect of many conventional explosion suppressants on hydrogen will gradually weaken and eventually fail. In addition, during storage, a higher proportion of gas inhibitors will increase the pressure and increase the risk of high-pressure storage. However, the inhibitor proposed in the present application can greatly reduce the use of inert gas by adding less than 1.5% of n-butane in the total amount of premixed gas, while completely suppressing hydrogen explosion in the rich combustion condition (equivalence ratio of 1.5).

[0054] Example 2

[0055] In this example, the flame temperature distribution of 1.5% n-butane, 16% carbon dioxide, 24.4% hydrogen, and 45.9% air at an equivalence ratio of 1.0 under normal temperature and pressure was tested, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0056] Under this condition, the gas inhibitor components are 8.6% n-butane and 91.4% carbon dioxide, and it can be seen from Figure 2 that the addition of the gas inhibitor of the present application significantly weakens the heat effect related to the adiabatic flame temperature, which indicates that n-butane decomposes into relatively simple molecules such as methane and ethylene under high temperature conditions, and this decomposition process absorbs certain reaction heat, producing a pyrolysis endothermic effect to reduce the overall temperature of the mixed gas. Since the burning rate of hydrogen is very sensitive to temperature changes, the reduction of temperature will significantly slow down the burning rate of hydrogen, thereby suppressing the combustion of hydrogen.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] In this example, the flame radical concentration distribution with distance under 1.5% n-butane, 16% carbon dioxide, 24.4% hydrogen, and 45.9% air at an equivalence ratio of 1.0 under normal temperature and pressure was tested, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0059] It can be seen that the maximum molar fraction of O, H, and OH is significantly reduced due to the addition of the inhibitor, which means that the chemical kinetic effect will also be significantly weakened after using the gas inhibitor of the present application.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] In this example, the gas inhibitor of the present application was tested for its effect on the burning rate, maximum explosion pressure, and explosion index of hydrogen flame, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0062] Wherein, under the same equivalent ratio, the absolute value of the slope of each curve increases after the addition of n-butane, which means that the addition of a small amount of n-butane can significantly reduce the laminar burning velocity, explosion pressure and explosion index, which is particularly embodied in the decrease of the maximum explosion pressure.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] In this example, the law of laminar flame burning velocity when adding isobutylene or 1,3-butadiene as a gas inhibitor is tested, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 Adding a small amount of unsaturated hydrocarbon with 4 carbon atoms can achieve the extinguishing state, and the effect will be more significant after adding inert gas.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] In this example, the combination ratio between the inhibitor gas and the inert gas is tested when the laminar burning velocity is about 5 cm / s (the fuel cannot be ignited or is extinguished after ignition due to the failure of flame propagation).

[0067] Table 1 .

[0068] Example 7

[0069] In this example, the law of explosion index when adding isobutylene or 1,3-butadiene as a gas inhibitor is tested, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 10 Adding a small amount of unsaturated hydrocarbon with 4 carbon atoms can make the hydrogen / air under different equivalent ratios reach a low-risk state, and the effect will be more significant after adding inert gas.

[0070] Specifically, as shown in Table 2, the explosion risk grade table, wherein the greater the explosion index, the higher the risk grade, and the more serious the risk of combustible gas explosion.

[0071] Table 2 ; According to the explosion risk grade division standard shown in Table 2, the explosion index is positively correlated with the risk grade, that is, the higher the value, the more serious the risk of combustible gas explosion.

[0072] The experimental data shows that the hydrogen explosion special gas inhibitor composition proposed in the present application can stably maintain the corresponding risk grade in the St-0 to St-1 interval under all test conditions, which shows that within a certain mixing ratio range, the inhibitor can reduce the explosion risk to a negligible level.

[0073] Further mechanism analysis confirms that the complex inhibitor realizes precise regulation of hydrogen chain reaction through multi-component synergistic effect, significantly improving the flame-retardant and explosion-proof performance. The above research results not only verify that the gas inhibitor composition suitable for hydrogen combustion and explosion proposed in the present application shows good synergistic inhibition effect, but also provides an innovative solution for the safety protection of hydrogen energy storage and transportation system.

[0074] Since the propagation of hydrogen / air flame depends on H radicals (core of chain reaction), OH radicals (oxidizing active species) and O2 (oxidant), therefore, the key to the strength of inhibition lies in the consumption ability of the substances to the three key species and the interference range of the reaction path to the combustion system.

[0075] As shown in the reaction path diagram as shown in Figure 11 , it is shown that the reaction of methane with H radicals accounts for 18.5%, and the reaction with OH radicals accounts for 15.7%.

[0076] Specifically, methane mainly reacts with H radicals and OH radicals in the reaction system to generate CH3 radicals, and the generated CH3 radicals will further capture a large amount of H radicals to occur CH3+H(+M)=CH4(+M) reaction which has a negative sensitivity coefficient to combustion speed. This reaction directly reduces the concentration of H radicals in the reaction zone, and H radicals are the key active species of hydrogen chain reaction, and the reduction of its concentration will significantly interfere with the hydrogen chain reaction, and finally achieve the inhibition of hydrogen combustion.

[0077] Secondly, as shown in the reaction path diagram as shown in Figure 12 , it is shown that n-butane consumes active species through multi-step reactions to inhibit hydrogen combustion, wherein the initial reaction consumes active radicals, n-butane first reacts with a large amount of H radicals to generate pC4H9 radicals (n-butyl radicals), sC4H9 radicals (sec-butyl radicals) and stable product hydrogen; At the same time, it will also consume OH radicals to generate H2O, which will preliminarily reduce the number of active radicals in the system.

[0078] The intermediate product continuously consumes active species, and the generated pC4H9 and sC4H9 will consume part of the oxygen in the process of dehydrogenation to C4H8-1 (1-butene), C4H8-2 (2-butene); More importantly, through the two reverse reactions of C4H8-1+H(+M)=sC4H9(+M), C4H8-2+H(+M)=sC4H9(+M), H radicals can be additionally consumed, further reducing the content of O2 and H radicals in the reaction zone.

[0079] The main inhibition effect reaction path of n-butane is C4H 10→ sC4H9, pC4H9 → C4H8-1 → CH3 → CH3O → CH2O, the entire decomposition process consumes H, OH radicals, wherein CH3 is the core substance of H radical consumption, and stable product CH4 is generated through CH3+H(+M)=CH4(+M) reaction, further reducing the concentration of active radicals in the reaction zone, weakening the propulsion ability of hydrogen chain reaction.

[0080] As can be seen from the above inhibition path of methane and n-butane, although both of them reduce the key active radicals that promote the hydrogen chain reaction in the system through the initial reaction, the reaction path of methane is simple, mainly consuming H radicals and OH radicals to generate CH3 radicals, and then CH3 radicals capture H radicals through "CH3+H(+M)=CH4(+M)" reaction (the reaction has a negative sensitivity coefficient to the burning rate). However, a large amount of intermediates (such as pC4H9 radical (n-butyl radical), sC4H9 radical (sec-butyl radical)) are generated in the reaction process of n-butane, which not only consumes oxygen but also generates stable products. The "H radical, OH radical, O2" is consumed cooperatively, in addition to the initial consumption of H / OH radicals and the intermediate consumption of H radicals, O2 is also consumed through the generation of butene, and the entire decomposition process continuously consumes active species, which has more "multi-target" characteristics in inhibiting the reaction system.

[0081] Further, as shown in the reaction path diagram of Figure 13 , for 1,3-butadiene, the inhibition principle focuses on the double bond addition and subsequent radical decomposition reaction. 1,3-Butadiene first undergoes hydrogen addition reaction on the unsaturated double bond to generate C4H71-4 radical; the small molecular substances generated by further decomposition of C4H71-4 radical will continuously consume a large amount of H radicals, wherein, Figure 3 The H radical participation ratio of the related reactions is as high as 57.3%. H radical is the core active species of hydrogen chain reaction promotion, and its significant reduction will directly weaken the activity of the reaction system, cut off the key link of hydrogen chain reaction, and further cause incomplete combustion, slow down the combustion rate, and ultimately achieve the inhibition of the combustion process.

[0082] Thus, in combination with the above analysis, the inhibition effect of saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons is ultimately achieved by reducing the key active radicals in the hydrogen / air flame reaction system (H radicals are the core species of hydrogen chain reaction promotion, and their concentration reduction will directly cut off the chain reaction; OH radicals are important oxidative active species in the flame, and their consumption will also weaken the reaction promotion ability, which is the common core logic of the inhibition effect of saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons). Methane and n-butane consume H / OH radicals through multi-step reactions, and the decomposition products of 1,3-butadiene also consume H radicals as the key, ultimately achieving the effect of inhibiting combustion.

[0083] However, the inhibition effect of saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons is different: saturated alkanes are single bonds, and unsaturated alkenes contain double bonds, and the inhibition path is fundamentally different from the starting step.

[0084] Specifically, saturated alkanes (methane, n-butane): starting with "C-H bond substitution / hydrogen abstraction reaction with active radicals", the intermediate products of saturated alkanes are mainly "alkyl radicals, alkenes, and alkoxy radicals", and the path is "multi-step decomposition type".

[0085] And the starting step of unsaturated alkenes (1,3-butadiene) does not involve hydrogen abstraction of C-H bond, but relies on the unsaturation of double bond to capture active species, and the intermediate product is mainly "C4H7 1-4", and the path is "addition-decomposition type".

[0086] In addition, the addition of inhibitors will cause the reaction zone of hydrogen / air flame to appear delay phenomenon, and the width of the reaction zone increases, wherein, from the position of the reaction zone, the reaction zone under the action of 1,3-butadiene is the most significant, and is the most backward in the reaction zone of the three inhibitors; from the width of the reaction zone, n-butane has the most prominent effect on the widening of the reaction zone, and is the widest in the reaction zone of the three inhibitors.

[0087] The extension and delay of the reaction zone will directly affect the promotion of the combustion process: on the one hand, the extended reaction zone allows the mixing and reaction process of fuel and oxygen to have more time, which will cause the combustion rate to slow down significantly, and at the same time, reduce the combustion efficiency; on the other hand, as the reaction zone is delayed downstream of the flow field, some areas are prone to form low-temperature combustion zones due to the lag of the reaction process, and such low-temperature zones will further exacerbate the problem of incomplete combustion, or cause the combustion efficiency to further decrease, ultimately causing the reaction rate to decrease, which will adversely affect the normal propagation process of the flame.

[0088] In the description of the specification, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an exemplary embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in an exemplary embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example.

[0089] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to these embodiments. Rather, it is the intention that modifications, changes, substitutions, and variations be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined solely by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gas composition for inhibiting the deflagration of hydrogen gas, characterized by, include: The following gas components are included: a suppressant gas and an inert gas, wherein the suppressant gas comprises saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the saturated alkanes include methane or n-butane; or the suppressant gas comprises unsaturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the unsaturated hydrocarbons include isobutene or 1,3-butadiene.

2. The gas composition for suppressing the combustion of hydrogen gas according to claim 1, wherein The inert gas includes one or more of nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide.

3. The gas composition for suppressing the combustion of hydrogen gas according to claim 1, wherein The mixing ratio of the methane and the inert gas is as follows by volume percentage: 3.22% to 80.0% methane and 20.0% to 96.78% inert gas.

4. The gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the n-butane and the inert gas is as follows by volume percentage: 3.22% to 60.0% methane and 40.0% to 96.78% inert gas.

5. The gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the isobutylene and the inert gas is as follows by volume percentage: 3.22% to 60.0% isobutylene and 40.0% to 96.78% inert gas.

6. The gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the 1,3-butadiene and the inert gas is as follows by volume percentage: 2.7% to 71.4% of 1,3-butadiene and 28.6% to 97.3% of inert gas.

7. The gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unsaturated hydrocarbons also include any one of ethylene, propylene, butene, 1,2-butadiene, 1-butyne, and 2-butyne.

8. The gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the ethylene and the inert gas is as follows by volume percentage: 3.22% to 75.0% of unsaturated hydrocarbons with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and 25.0% to 96.78% of inert gas.

9. A gas composition for suppressing hydrogen combustion and explosion according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The purity of the gaseous component is greater than 99.5%.

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