Lightweight glass bottle formula and processing technology thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of glass products, and particularly discloses a light-weight glass bottle formula and a processing technology thereof. The formula of the light-weight glass bottle comprises 17.3%-19.1% of quartz sand, 4.6%-5.0% of sodium carbonate, 2.9%-3.2% of calcite, 5.0%-5.5% of potassium feldspar, 0.70%-0.85% of a clarifying agent, 0.23%-0.28% of chromium powder, 0.39%-0.47% of mirabilite, 0.009%-0.011% of carbon powder and 63.8%-70.5% of glass particles, wherein the glass particles are particles with the particle size of 5 mm to 20 mm, and the particles are prepared by smashing recycled colorless glass waste and removing impurities. The light-weight glass bottle formula provided by the invention has the advantage of synchronously ensuring the internal pressure strength and the mechanical impact strength of the glass bottle on the premise of realizing the light weight of the glass bottle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of glass products, more particularly, it relates to a light-weight glass bottle formula and a processing technology thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Glass bottles and cans, as the core packaging carriers in the fields of food, beverage, medicine, etc., play an important role in the modern industrial system. With the transformation of manufacturing industry towards greenness and high efficiency, the industry has put forward higher requirements on the raw material consumption, production efficiency and logistics cost of glass bottles and cans. In order to guarantee the mechanical strength, the traditional ordinary glass bottles and cans generally adopt a thicker bottle wall design, which leads to a larger product weight. This design not only increases the unit consumption of glass raw materials, but also requires more fuel for glass melting and forming in the production process, directly reducing the operation efficiency of the production line; at the same time, the heavier product will generate higher logistics cost in the warehousing and transportation link, significantly increasing the comprehensive operating cost of enterprises. In addition, the glass material distribution in the traditional design is prone to unevenness, and even with the thickening of the bottle wall, it is difficult to achieve balanced optimization of strength and weight, which has obvious technical limitations. Therefore, in order to effectively save raw material and fuel consumption, improve production efficiency and reduce transportation cost, and meet the needs of the industry for cost reduction and efficiency improvement and green development, light-weight glass bottles have gradually become the mainstream development trend of modern glass bottle manufacturing industry.

[0003] In the research and application process of light-weight glass bottles, the core technical contradiction is mainly manifested in the mismatch between light-weight design and strength demand, which is specifically manifested in two key problems of insufficient internal pressure strength and weak mechanical impact strength. The core path of light-weight realization usually includes bottle wall thinning, glass material dosage optimization or bottle body structure light-weight adjustment, and these adjustments inevitably put higher requirements on the strength bearing capacity of glass itself, which also becomes the main source of strength risk. When the bottle wall is thinned or the glass material is adjusted due to the light-weight formula, the compression resistance performance decreases, and the bottle body is prone to local stress concentration, which may cause bottle body deformation, sealing failure, or even bottle body rupture. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to realize the light-weight of glass bottles while ensuring the internal pressure strength and mechanical impact strength of glass, the present application provides a light-weight glass bottle formula and a processing technology thereof.

[0005] The light-weight glass bottle formula provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A light-weight glass bottle formula comprising the following components in the mass percentage range: quartz sand 17.3-19.1%, soda ash 4.6-5.0%, calcite 2.9-3.2%, potassium feldspar 5.0-5.5%, clarifying agent 0.70-0.85%, chromium powder 0.23-0.28%, mirabilite 0.39-0.47%, carbon powder 0.009-0.011%, glass particles 63.8-70.5%, the glass particles being particles with a particle size of 5-20 mm prepared by crushing and removing impurities from recycled colorless glass waste.

[0006] By adopting the technical scheme, the quartz sand is used as the main network forming body in the formula to provide the silicon dioxide constituting the glass skeleton structure, which not only ensures the high strength, high chemical stability and low expansion coefficient of the glass, but also avoids the disadvantages of excessive addition leading to high melting temperature and sharp increase of energy consumption. The soda ash is used as the main fluxing agent and network modifier, and its core function is to significantly reduce the melting temperature of the mixture, and the viscosity of the glass liquid at high temperature is suitable for forming operation by introducing sodium oxide to break the silicon oxygen network, so as to greatly reduce the production energy consumption, but its content is strictly limited at a relatively low level, which aims to avoid excessive alkali metal ions leading to the decline of the chemical stability of the glass and the increase of the thermal expansion coefficient, which is crucial for the packaging bottle which needs to bear internal pressure and thermal shock. The calcite introduces the key calcium oxide, which is a network intermediate oxide, and can effectively improve the chemical stability, mechanical strength and anti-crystallization performance of the glass at high temperature, and improve the material property of the glass, so that the glass has suitable fast setting characteristics in the forming temperature range, which is beneficial to the smooth separation of the mold and the shaping of the bottle body. The introduction of potassium feldspar introduces potassium oxide, aluminum oxide and additional silicon dioxide. Among them, the potassium oxide can provide more excellent "potassium calcium effect" than sodium oxide, which can improve the gloss and transparency of the glass; more importantly, the aluminum oxide is a very strong network stabilizer and reinforcing agent, which can enter the silicon oxygen network, significantly improve the hardness, elastic modulus, toughness and impact resistance of the glass, and greatly improve the chemical durability of the glass. The fining agent effectively removes the bubbles in the glass melt, and the amount is sufficient to ensure that the necessary gas partial pressure is generated at high temperature to aggregate and expel bubbles of different sizes, so as to obtain highly homogeneous and defect-free glass liquid. The chromium ion can also have a certain stabilizing effect on the glass structure. The mirabilite and trace carbon powder form a controlled oxidation-reduction system. During the melting process, the carbon powder as a reducing agent will react with the mirabilite to generate sulfur dioxide gas, which can better promote the aggregation and discharge of small bubbles in the glass liquid, thereby strengthening the fining effect, and at the same time, it is helpful to stabilize the oxidation-reduction atmosphere in the melting furnace, to ensure that the variable valence elements are in a stable valence state, to avoid the resulting coloring or defects. The high proportion of recycled glass particles not only greatly reduces the raw material cost and energy consumption, but also meets the requirements of green manufacturing, and as a clinker, it can effectively promote melting, reduce gas generation during new material melting, and is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the glass liquid. The limitation of the source (colorless glass waste) and particle size of the glass particles ensures the stability and consistency of the raw material composition, avoids the introduction of unstable factors by impurities, and ensures that the melting rate in the melting furnace matches other components of the mixture, preventing the difficulty of melting due to too large particles or dust and caking due to too small particles.

[0007] Optionally, the fining agent is a compound mixture of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, and the mass ratio of the sodium sulfate and the cerium oxide is (4-5):1.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, sodium sulfate as a traditional fining agent can effectively release gas bubbles in a large size by decomposing at high temperature; and cerium oxide as a high-efficiency fining agent can decompose at a lower temperature, act on the micro-bubbles that are difficult to eliminate by sodium sulfate, and improve the oxidation state of the glass. The two are compounded in a mass ratio of (4-5):1, which produces a synergistic effect, realizes step-by-step fining from low temperature to high temperature, and can more thoroughly eliminate the bubbles in the glass liquid, thereby significantly reducing the bubble defect rate of the glass body. This is crucial for lightweight bottles with thin walls, because any small defect can become a source of rupture under stress, and therefore the improvement greatly improves the purity and homogeneity of the glass, thereby directly contributing to the improvement of product strength and yield.

[0009] Optionally, the particle size of the chromium powder is 800-1250 mesh.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the particle size of the chromium powder is controlled in the high fineness range of 800-1250 mesh (about 12-18 microns), which greatly increases the specific surface area. This enables the chromium powder to be more uniformly dispersed during the batch mixing process, and to have a larger reaction contact area with the glass matrix during the melting process, thereby promoting its dissolution and diffusion uniformity in the melt. Uniformly distributed chromium ions help to stabilize the glass structure and may have a certain toughening effect by forming fine chromium oxide grains. The optimization of this physical state avoids the problem of local uneven coloring or impurity points caused by chromium powder agglomeration, and has a positive significance for ensuring the chemical stability and appearance consistency of the glass.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes 0.1-0.3% of zirconia based on the total mass of the formula.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, zirconia is a very effective network intermediate oxide that can significantly improve the chemical stability of the glass, especially the alkali resistance, which is very important for bottles and cans containing certain contents. More importantly, ZrO2 has very high hardness and "phase change toughening" effect, and its dispersion in the glass network can effectively hinder the propagation of micro-cracks. When the crack tip encounters ZrO2 particles, more energy is required to make it propagate or bypass, thereby greatly improving the mechanical strength of the glass, especially the impact resistance and internal pressure resistance. This addition directly addresses the core problem of higher inherent strength requirements for lightweight bottle walls after thinning, and is one of the key technical means to achieve lightweight while ensuring strength.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes 0.05-0.15% of lanthanum oxide based on the total mass of the formula.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, La2O3 belongs to rare earth oxide, has high field strength, and can play a strong accumulation and strengthening effect on the glass network structure. Its addition can improve the elastic modulus and microhardness of the glass, make the glass body more "tough", and enhance the resistance to deformation and surface scratch. In addition, La2O 3 can also reduce the high temperature viscosity of the glass, and improve the melting process performance to a certain extent. Although the addition amount is small, the effect of improving the glass structure strength is remarkable, and it is a high-efficiency structure modifier. It cooperates with other reinforcing components such as zirconium oxide to jointly build a more solid glass network skeleton, effectively compensating for the strength loss caused by the reduction of material amount due to lightweight.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes 0.2%-0.5% of fluorite based on the total mass of the formula.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, since the content of SiO2 and Al2O3 is increased in the main formula for the purpose of strengthening the strength, the Wolf constant is increased, resulting in an increase in the melting temperature of the glass and a decrease in the melting performance. The addition of fluorite can effectively reduce the high temperature viscosity of the glass, significantly accelerate the formation and decomposition speed of the silicate network, thereby improving the melting speed of the batch and reducing the required melting temperature. This not only compensates for the difficult melting problem caused by formula adjustment, ensures that the high melting temperature can be controlled, saves energy, and more importantly, promotes the homogenization of the glass liquid, reduces defects such as stones and stripes caused by poor melting, and indirectly improves the final strength and quality stability of the glass.

[0017] In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a lightweight glass bottle, which adopts the following technical scheme: A preparation method of a lightweight glass bottle, comprising the following steps: dry mixing the formula raw materials to obtain a mixed material; high-temperature melting the mixed material, the melting temperature is 1465-1475℃, and the melting atmosphere needs to be controlled, so that the oxidation-reduction coefficient is 29.5-30.5, and then the glass liquid is obtained by clarification and homogenization; controlling the drop temperature to be 1318-1328℃, and using the press-blow method to form the glass liquid to obtain a bottle and jar rough shape; sending the formed bottle and jar into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, and obtaining a lightweight glass bottle after cooling.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the dry mixing ensures the uniformity of multi-component mixing. The melting temperature is accurately controlled in a high temperature interval of 1465-1475 DEG C, which is a necessary measure for high wolff constant refractory formula, and ensures that the batch with high SiO2 and Al2O3 content can be fully melted; at the same time, the redox coefficient is strictly controlled, which is to match the carbon powder, mirabilite and other atmosphere sensitive components in the formula, to ensure that the clarifying effect of sulfur is effectively played and excessive iron sulfide is avoided to cause glass coloring or defects, which is the key to obtain ideal glass liquid. Controlling the temperature of the material droplet is essentially to control the optimum viscosity of the glass liquid during forming, so that it has the best fluidity and plasticity in the compression-blowing forming process, thereby ensuring that the bottle wall is uniformly distributed and has no defects. The final annealing treatment eliminates the thermal stress generated in the forming process, prevents product self-explosion, and lays the foundation for its basic mechanical strength. The method is closely combined with the formula to form a complete technical scheme, which is the process guarantee for realizing the designed performance.

[0019] Optionally, the annealing temperature is controlled at 543±2 DEG C, and the formed bottle is slowly cooled to 525±2 DEG C at a rate of ≤2 DEG C / min and then naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the annealing point temperature is strictly controlled at 543±2 DEG C, which is to make the structural stress in the glass fully relaxed at a specific temperature above the glass transition region. Subsequently, the extremely slow cooling rate of ≤2 DEG C / min is adopted to pass through the strain point (525±2 DEG C), in order to ensure that in the process of re-freezing the glass structure, new permanent thermal stress will not be generated due to too fast cooling. This precisely controlled gradient annealing system can maximize and uniformly eliminate the residual internal stress in the bottle, thereby significantly improving the thermal stability and mechanical reliability of the product. For a lightweight and high-strength glass bottle, extremely low internal stress level is a key factor to prevent it from breaking due to heat or mechanical impact in the subsequent packaging, transportation or filling process.

[0021] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the present application optimizes the basic glass components, introduces Al2O3, ZrO2 and other reinforcing oxides, the present scheme significantly reduces the glass bottle wall thickness and weight, saves raw material consumption, and at the same time, greatly improves the glass body strength. The key mechanical properties of the glass bottle made thereby, such as internal pressure strength and impact strength, are better than those of traditional ordinary glass bottles, which fundamentally solves the core contradiction between lightweight design and mechanical strength demand.

[0022] 2、The application preferably uses recycled glass on a large scale, which not only effectively reduces the cost of raw materials and the cost of solid waste treatment, but also significantly reduces the melting temperature of the glass as "clinker", thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the melting link. The matching melting and forming process parameters further optimize the melting efficiency and the yield of good products, realize the cost reduction and efficiency increase of the whole process from batching, melting to forming, and meet the development direction of green manufacturing.

[0023] 3、The application greatly eliminates bubbles and defects in the glass liquid by combining a composite fining agent system with a controlled redox atmosphere, obtaining a highly pure and homogeneous glass liquid. The precisely designed gradient annealing system effectively eliminates the internal stress of the product. These measures together ensure that the final product has excellent chemical stability, low wall thickness variation coefficient and high surface hardness. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the examples. It is particularly pointed out that: in the following examples, the specific conditions are not specified, and the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. In the following examples, the raw materials used can be obtained from ordinary commercial sources unless otherwise specified. EXAMPLE

[0025] Example 1 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: The raw material components used in this example are as follows: quartz sand (silicon dioxide content ≥ 99.5%, water content ≤ 0.5%, 40-70 mesh) 18.2 kg, industrial heavy soda ash (sodium carbonate content ≥ 99.2% by mass, based on dry basis) 4.8 kg, calcite (calcium carbonate content ≥ 98.5%, 200 mesh sieve passing rate ≥ 98%) 3.05 kg, potassium feldspar (potassium oxide content ≥ 10.5%, aluminum oxide content ≥ 17.5%, 200 mesh sieve passing rate ≥ 98%) 5.25 kg, fining agent (sodium sulfate, industrial first-class product, content ≥ 99.0%, water-insoluble substance ≤ 0.05%) 0.77 kg, chromium powder (diochromium trioxide content ≥ 98.5%, particle size distribution concentrated in 600-800 mesh) 0.25 kg, mirabilite (anhydrous sodium sulfate content ≥ 99.0%, total calcium and magnesium ion content ≤ 0.15%) 0.43 kg, carbon powder (fixed carbon content ≥ 95%, ash content ≤ 4%, particle size 200-325 mesh) 0.01 kg, and glass particles 67.24 kg. Among them, the glass particles are recycled colorless transparent flat plate glass or bottle and can glass, which are cleaned with lye, broken, magnetically selected, air selected and sieved, and the particle size is strictly controlled between 5-20 mm, of which 10-15 mm particles account for 80-85%.

[0026] The raw materials are put into a mixer according to the above formula, and dry mixing is performed for 45 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the components, thereby obtaining a uniformly mixed batch.

[0027] The uniformly mixed batch is fed into a continuous fuel gas glass melting furnace through a feeder. The melting temperature is controlled at 1470°C, and the atmosphere in the furnace is precisely controlled to stabilize the redox coefficient in the range of 30.0±0.5. Under this high temperature and specific atmosphere, the batch undergoes the processes of melting, fining and homogenization, and finally the glass liquid is obtained, which is clear, uniform and free of visible bubbles. The entire melting process lasts about 24 hours.

[0028] The homogenized glass liquid is transported to an 8-group double-drop row formula bottle making machine through a feed channel. The temperature of the glass liquid drops at the outlet of the feeder is controlled at 1323°C. The glass liquid is formed into a glass bottle preform of a predetermined weight and shape by using a pressure-blowing forming process and a lightweight small-mouth bottle mold.

[0029] The formed glass bottle preform is sent into a continuous mesh belt annealing furnace through a conveying belt for annealing treatment. The annealing process is as follows: The glass bottle is kept at an annealing temperature of 543°C for 25 minutes to fully eliminate the internal thermal stress, and after the annealing is completed, the glass bottle is naturally cooled to room temperature of 25°C along with the furnace.

[0030] The lightweight glass bottle prepared by the formula and process of the embodiment has an average wall thickness of 1.8 mm.

[0031] Example 2 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from the embodiment 1 is that the components of the raw material formula are as follows: quartz sand 17.5 kg, soda ash 4.6 kg, calcite 2.9 kg, potassium feldspar 5.0 kg, fining agent 0.70 kg, chromium powder 0.23 kg, mirabilite 0.39 kg, carbon powder 0.009 kg, and glass particles 68.671 kg.

[0032] Example 3 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from the embodiment 1 is that the components of the raw material formula are as follows: quartz sand 19.0 kg, soda ash 5.0 kg, calcite 3.2 kg, potassium feldspar 5.5 kg, fining agent 0.85 kg, chromium powder 0.28 kg, mirabilite 0.47 kg, carbon powder 0.011 kg, and glass particles 65.689 kg.

[0033] Example 4 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from the embodiment 1 is that the fining agent is a compounded mixture of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, and the mass ratio of sodium sulfate to cerium oxide is 4.5:1.

[0034] Example 5 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the clarifying agent is a compound mixture of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, and the mass ratio of sodium sulfate to cerium oxide is 4:1.

[0035] Example 6 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the clarifying agent is a compound mixture of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, and the mass ratio of sodium sulfate to cerium oxide is 5:1.

[0036] Example 7 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the particle size of chromium powder is 800-1250 mesh.

[0037] Example 8 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.1% of zirconium oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0038] Example 9 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.2% of zirconium oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0039] Example 10 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.3% of zirconium oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0040] Example 11 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.05% of lanthanum oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0041] Example 12 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.1% of lanthanum oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0042] Example 13 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.15% of lanthanum oxide is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0043] Example 14 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.2% of fluorite is added in the dry mixing stage, accounting for the total mass of the formula in example 1.

[0044] Example 15 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.35 of the total mass of the formula in example 1 is added to the dry mixing stage.

[0045] Example 16 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that 0.5 of the total mass of the formula in example 1 is added to the dry mixing stage.

[0046] Example 17 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the annealing process is as follows: The glass bottle is kept at an annealing temperature of 543℃ for 25 minutes to fully eliminate its internal thermal stress, and after the end of the holding, it is slowly cooled to 525℃ at a strictly controlled rate of 2℃ / min, and after reaching 525℃, the heating is turned off and the glass bottle is naturally cooled to 25℃ room temperature with the furnace.

[0047] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the glass particles are 75.24kg, the quartz sand is 10.2kg, and the rest of the components remain unchanged.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that the oxidation-reduction coefficient is adjusted to 25.0±0.5.

[0049] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that no chromium powder is added, and its weight is made up by quartz sand.

[0050] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that no mirabilite is added, and its weight is made up by quartz sand.

[0051] Comparative Example 5 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that no calcite is added, and its weight is made up by quartz sand.

[0052] Comparative Example 6 A method for preparing a lightweight glass bottle: different from example 1 is that no potassium feldspar is added, and its weight is made up by quartz sand.

[0053] Performance test All tests should be carried out in a standard environment of temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50%±5%, and the samples should be conditioned in this environment for at least 24 hours.

[0054] 1. Vertical Load Strength Reference Standard: GB / T 4546-2008 Testing Equipment: Universal Material Testing Machine.

[0055] Testing Method: Place the glass bottle sample upright on the lower platen of the testing machine, ensuring it is in a stable state. Move the upper platen downward at a constant speed of 10 ± 1 mm / min, applying an increasing pressure to the bottle mouth. Record the maximum force value in Newton (N) at the moment of bottle rupture or when the specified deformation height is reached.

[0056] 2. Internal Pressure Resistance Reference Standard: GB / T 4548-1995 Testing Equipment: Horizontal Internal Pressure Testing Machine.

[0057] Testing Method: Clamp the sample bottle on the testing machine and fill it with clean water at room temperature. Apply pressure to the water inside the bottle at a constant rate (0.4 MPa / s) through the pressure system. Continue to apply pressure until the bottle ruptures, or the pressure reaches the preset 1.6 MPa and is maintained for 1 minute without breaking, which is considered qualified.

[0058] 3. Impact Resistance Reference Standard: GB / T 6552-2015 Testing Equipment: Pendulum Impact Testing Machine.

[0059] Testing Method: Select the test requirement according to the bottle capacity (V): V ≤ 530 mL.

[0060] Fix the sample bottle on the support so that the impact head of the pendulum is exactly horizontally aligned with a certain point in the middle of the bottle body. Release the pendulum to impact the bottle with the specified energy it possesses (0.4 J). Check whether the bottle is broken or has cracks. Bottles with a capacity of ≤ 530 mL that do not break after being subjected to a 0.4 J impact are considered qualified.

[0061] 4. Thermal Shock Resistance Reference Standard: GB / T 4547-2007 Testing Equipment: Two constant temperature water baths (one hot water bath and one cold water bath), thermometer, transfer basket.

[0062] Testing Method: Within 1 minute, the sample bottle was taken out from the cold water tank with temperature difference of 42℃ and quickly and completely immersed into the hot water tank. It was kept in the hot water for 5 minutes. The sample bottle was taken out and no any breakage was found after the sample bottle was subjected to the thermal shock with temperature difference of 42℃, which was qualified.

[0063] 5. Internal Stress Reference standard: GB / T 4545-2004 Detection equipment: polariscope.

[0064] Detection method: The sample bottle was placed in the field of view of the polariscope, and the analyzer was adjusted so that the bottom of the bottle showed the brightest purple red. The analyzer was slowly rotated until the area with the maximum optical path difference at the bottom of the bottle showed black (extinction), and the rotation angle at this time was recorded. The rotation angle was converted into the true stress value (unit: nm / cm).

[0065] Table 1 detection data It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and Table 1 that, in Comparative Example 1, the amount of glass particles is increased to 75.24 kg (exceeding the range of 63.8-70.5% in the original formula), and the amount of quartz sand is reduced to 10.2 kg (lower than the range of 17.3-19.1% in the original formula), resulting in a vertical load strength of 9200 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.45 MPa, an impact strength of 0.35 J, and an internal stress of 4.5 levels. It is shown that when the amount of glass particles is excessive and the amount of quartz sand is insufficient, the support of the glass network skeleton is insufficient, and at the same time, the excessive glass particles are easy to introduce defects due to uneven melting, resulting in a significant decrease in key mechanical properties, which verifies the rationality of the ratio of quartz sand to glass particles in the original formula. It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 and Table 1 that, in Comparative Example 2, the oxidation-reduction coefficient is adjusted to 25.0±0.5 (lower than the range of 29.5-30.5 in Example 1), resulting in a vertical load strength of 9500 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.52 MPa, and an internal stress of 4.2 levels. It is shown that too low oxidation-reduction coefficient can destroy the synergistic clarification effect of mirabilite and carbon powder, resulting in an increase in the number of bubbles remaining in the glass liquid and a decrease in homogenization, which in turn weakens the strength and increases the internal stress, highlighting the importance of precise control of the melting atmosphere. It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 and Table 1 that, in Comparative Example 3, the chromium powder is deleted and the weight is supplemented with quartz sand, which only slightly reduces the vertical load strength to 10000 N and the impact strength to 0.44 J, and other performances have no obvious fluctuation. It is shown that the contribution of chromium powder to glass strength is relatively mild, and it mainly plays a role in assisting the stabilization of glass structure. Although there is a small impact after deletion, it will not cause a significant decrease in performance. It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 and Table 1 that Comparative Example 4 deletes mirabilite and uses quartz sand to make up the weight, resulting in a vertical load strength of 9800 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.50 MPa, and an internal stress of 3.8 levels. The oxidation-reduction system composed of mirabilite and carbon powder is the key to clarification. The absence of mirabilite can lead to incomplete clarification of the glass liquid, and residual micro-bubbles become stress concentration points, causing a significant decline in internal pressure resistance. This proves the necessity of mirabilite for ensuring glass purity. It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5 and Table 1 that Comparative Example 5 deletes calcite and uses quartz sand to make up the weight, resulting in a sudden drop in vertical load strength to 8500 N (1700 N lower than Example 1), an internal pressure resistance of 1.40 MPa (unqualified), and an impact resistance of 0.32 J (unqualified). The calcium oxide provided by calcite is an intermediate in the glass network, which can enhance the structural stability and anti-crystallization property. The absence of calcite increases the brittleness of the glass and severely undermines the mechanical strength, highlighting the key supporting role of calcite in the mechanical properties of glass. It can be seen from the combination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6 and Table 1 that Comparative Example 6 deletes potassium feldspar and uses quartz sand to make up the weight, with the worst performance, a vertical load strength of only 8200 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.35 MPa, and an impact resistance of 0.30 J. The aluminum oxide provided by potassium feldspar is a network stabilizer that can significantly improve the hardness and toughness of the glass. The absence of potassium feldspar makes the glass structure weak and unable to withstand the strength requirements under lightweight design. Potassium feldspar is a key component for achieving "lightweight + high strength". It can be seen from the combination of Examples 1-3 and Table 1 that Examples 1-3 are different component amounts within the original formula range, with a vertical load strength of 9900-10200 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.68-1.75 MPa, and an impact resistance of 0.42-0.45 J. All remain excellent and have small fluctuations, indicating that adjusting the component amount within the original formula mass percentage range can stably maintain the key performance of the glass, adapt to the lightweight requirements in different production scenarios, and reflect the flexibility and stability of the formula. It can be seen from the combination of Examples 1, 4-6 and Table 1 that Examples 4-6 change the clarifier to a combination of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, with a vertical load strength of 10250-10350 N, an internal pressure resistance of 1.76-1.78 MPa, and an impact resistance of 0.45-0.46 J. All are better than the single sodium sulfate clarifier of Example 1, and the internal stress is reduced to 3.1-3.2 levels, indicating that the compound clarifier achieves stepwise clarification, more completely eliminates bubbles, improves glass homogeneity, and thus enhances strength and reduces internal stress, verifying the synergistic advantage of the composite clarifying system. It can be seen from the combination of embodiments 1, 7 and Table 1 that the particle size of chromium powder in embodiment 7 is refined from 600-800 mesh to 800-1250 mesh, the vertical load strength is increased to 10250N, the impact resistance is increased to 0.46J, and the internal stress is not fluctuated, which shows that the finer chromium powder is more uniformly dispersed in the glass and reacts more fully with the matrix, which can slightly improve the structural stability and impact resistance, and reflects the positive effect of raw material particle size optimization on performance. It can be seen from the combination of embodiments 1, 8-10 and Table 1 that the vertical load strength of embodiments 8-10 is 10600-10800N, the internal pressure resistance is 1.81-1.85MPa, and the impact resistance is 0.48-0.50J, which are significantly better than embodiment 1. The phase transition toughening effect of zirconium oxide can hinder crack propagation, greatly improve the mechanical strength of the glass, especially the impact resistance and internal pressure resistance, which proves that zirconium oxide is a key reinforcing component to solve the contradiction between "lightweight and strength". It can be seen from the combination of embodiments 1, 11-13 and Table 1 that the vertical load strength of embodiments 11-13 is 10400-10550N, the internal pressure resistance is 1.79-1.81MPa, and the internal stress is reduced to 2.9-3.0 levels. The lanthanum oxide can accumulate the glass network to improve the elastic modulus and hardness, and at the same time optimize the stress distribution, so that the strength is improved and the internal stress is reduced, which reflects the high-efficiency modification effect of rare earth oxides on the glass structure. It can be seen from the combination of embodiments 1, 14-16 and Table 1 that the performance of embodiments 14-16 is close to that of embodiment 1, because fluorite can reduce the melting viscosity of high-silicon aluminum formula and promote the homogenization of glass liquid. Although the strength is not greatly improved, it avoids the performance fluctuation caused by difficult melting, ensuring the melting feasibility of high-strength formula, and verifying the optimization effect of fluorite on process adaptability. It can be seen from the combination of embodiments 1, 17 and Table 1 that the annealing process of embodiment 17 is "holding at 543℃ and then slowly cooling to 525℃ at a rate of ≤2℃ / min", and the internal stress is reduced to 2.5 levels, and other performances are flat, which shows that gradient slow cooling can more thoroughly eliminate the forming thermal stress and reduce the risk of stress concentration, significantly improve the product stability, avoid the problem of cracking in subsequent use, and highlight the importance of precise annealing process on glass safety.

[0066] The specific embodiments are merely an explanation of the present application, which is not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, but as long as the modifications are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A lightweight glass bottle formulation, characterized by, The components include the following mass percentage ranges: quartz sand 17.3-19.1%, soda ash 4.6-5.0%, calcite 2.9-3.2%, potassium feldspar 5.0-5.5%, clarifying agent 0.70-0.85%, chromium powder 0.23-0.28%, mirabilite 0.39-0.47%, carbon powder 0.009-0.011%, glass particles 63.8-70.5%, the glass particles being particles with a particle size of 5-20 mm prepared by crushing and removing impurities from recycled colorless glass waste.

2. The lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 1, wherein: The clarifying agent is a compounded mixture of sodium sulfate and cerium oxide, and the mass ratio of the sodium sulfate to the cerium oxide is (4-5):

1.

3. The lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the chromium powder is 800-1250 mesh.

4. The lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 1, wherein: 0.1-0.3% of zirconium oxide based on the total mass of the formula.

5. The lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 1, wherein: 0.05-0.15% of lanthanum oxide based on the total mass of the formula.

6. The lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 1, wherein: 0.2%-0.5% of fluorite based on the total mass of the formula.

7. A method for preparing the lightweight glass bottle formulation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: dry mixing the formula raw materials to obtain a mixture; high-temperature melting the mixture, the melting temperature being 1465-1475 ℃, and the melting atmosphere also being controlled so that the oxidation-reduction coefficient is 29.5-30.5, and then clarifying and homogenizing to obtain a uniform glass liquid; controlling the drop temperature to be 1318-1328 ℃, and using the press-blow method to form the glass liquid into a bottle and jar shape; sending the formed bottle and jar into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, and obtaining a lightweight glass bottle after cooling.

8. The preparation method of the lightweight glass bottle formulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: controlling the annealing temperature to be 543±2 ℃, and then slowly cooling the formed bottle and jar to 525±2 ℃ at a rate of ≤2 ℃ / min and then naturally cooling to room temperature. controlling the annealing temperature to be 543±2 ℃, and then slowly cooling the formed bottle and jar to 525±2 ℃ at a rate of ≤2 ℃ / min and then naturally cooling to room temperature.

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