Terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system and method, and belongs to the technical field of terahertz. According to the invention, the interference of environmental factors on terahertz signals can be effectively inhibited, the terahertz fine spectrum detection of biochemical molecules is realized under the condition of high spectrum resolution, and the real-time monitoring of the dynamic process of biochemical reaction is completed under the condition of high time resolution. As the superconductive mixer has extremely high sensitivity, notable noise can be introduced into the system by negligible structure reflection in the traditional system. Therefore, the invention designs a sample bearing device formed by integrating a non-polar material supporting plate and a black body wave-absorbing structure, and a parasitic signal absorbing structure based on a black body material is arranged at a key position of an optical path, so that secondary reflection and scattering caused by a metal bracket and a silicon material can be effectively inhibited; terahertz waves in a non-sample path are absorbed, so that structural noise is eliminated from the source, and the high-precision detection capability of the system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of terahertz technology, specifically to a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Terahertz waves (THz) refer to electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 0.1 and 10 THz. They have attracted considerable attention due to their enormous application potential in fields such as spectral analysis, non-destructive testing, and biomolecular recognition. Currently, commercial terahertz systems are mainly based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. While this technology is mature and stable, its frequency resolution is typically limited to tens of GHz, and its time resolution is on the order of seconds. This significantly restricts its application in resolving closely adjacent molecular vibrational energy levels or observing rapid dynamic chemical reactions. In recent years, detection technology based on superconducting mixers has provided a new path for high-sensitivity detection in the terahertz band. Superconducting detectors, with their extremely high sensitivity, can directly detect weak terahertz signals, laying the foundation for achieving higher frequency resolution. However, this extremely high sensitivity is a double-edged sword. Structural noise generated by traditional detection system components (such as metal sample holders and support structures) in response to terahertz waves, such as reflection and scattering, is negligible in conventional detection systems due to insufficient detector sensitivity. However, in superconducting detection systems, this noise is significantly amplified, becoming a serious source of interference. This leads to non-physical anomalies such as measurement signal distortion and negative absorption spectra, severely impacting the accuracy and reliability of measurements. Furthermore, existing terahertz technologies face challenges when detecting strongly absorbing liquid samples (such as organic and biological solutions). Transmission detection is difficult to implement due to the strong absorption of terahertz waves by liquids. While attenuated total internal reflection (TIR) ​​is an effective method to address this issue, there is no mature solution for integrating it with a high-sensitivity superconducting detection system with low noise and high efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a detection system and method that can match the high sensitivity of superconducting detectors. This system should effectively suppress structural noise, be compatible with solid and liquid sample detection, and achieve higher frequency and time resolution, thereby fully realizing the enormous potential of superconducting detectors in the field of fine terahertz spectral detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system and method, aiming to solve the problem of interference of sample carrying devices with terahertz radiation, so as to achieve high-precision terahertz spectrum detection of biochemical samples by superconducting detectors.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system is provided, comprising a terahertz source and a superconducting mixer. The terahertz source emits terahertz radiation, which passes through a solid biochemical sample and is received by the superconducting mixer. A solid biochemical sample carrier is disposed between the terahertz source and the superconducting mixer. The superconducting mixer is used to detect the solid biochemical sample fixed on the solid biochemical sample carrier. The solid biochemical sample carrier includes a bracket with a slot. The slot is connected to a support plate made of non-polar material. The support plate is perpendicular to the optical path of the superconducting mixer. An opening for placing the solid biochemical sample is formed on the support plate, and the surface of the support plate is covered with a non-metallic blackbody material. A blackbody material structural plate is also disposed between the solid biochemical sample carrier and the superconducting mixer. A through hole for terahertz radiation to pass through is formed on the blackbody material structural plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the support plate has a clamping structure at the opening for holding solid biochemical samples. This clamping structure is made of a non-polar material. The clamping structure includes a drive ring rotatably mounted on the support plate, with a gear ring on the inner side of the drive ring. Multiple fins are arranged around the drive ring and rotatably connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft. Each fin has a half-gear coaxial with the rotating shaft, which meshes with the gear ring of the drive ring. The fins are thin and adjacent fins overlap each other and can slide relative to each other. In the initial state, each fin is located outside the opening and does not interfere with the opening. When the drive ring is rotated, through the transmission of the gear ring and the half-gear, all fins are driven to rotate synchronously around their respective rotating shafts, causing the free ends of each fin to converge towards the center of the opening, thereby achieving the clamping of solid biochemical samples with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the opening.

[0006] Furthermore, the non-polar material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0007] Furthermore, the blackbody material is a carbon nanotube array, glassy carbon, porous carbon, silicon carbide, or hexagonal boron nitride.

[0008] The present invention also provides a solid-state biochemical sample detection method using the above-mentioned terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, the specific steps of which are as follows: A1: After the biochemical molecule powder to be tested is mixed evenly with polyethylene powder, it is pressed into shape to obtain a circular solid biochemical sample. A2: Arrange the terahertz source, blackbody material structure plate, solid biochemical sample carrier device and superconducting mixer in sequence along the optical path, so that the terahertz radiation passes through the through hole of the blackbody material structure plate and the opening of the solid biochemical sample carrier device in sequence, and is finally received by the superconducting mixer. A3: By scanning the radio frequency, the signal intensity was recorded when there was no sample. Signal strength when there is a sample Then according to the formula The absorption coefficient of the sample was calculated, where The sample thickness is used; the terahertz absorption spectrum of the solid biochemical sample is obtained by scanning in the terahertz band with a step size of 1MHz to 10GHz.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the biochemical molecular powder to the polyethylene powder is 5:1 to 1:1.

[0010] The present invention also provides a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, comprising a terahertz source, a blackbody material structure plate, a total internal reflection prism, and a superconducting mixer arranged sequentially along the optical path; the blackbody material structure plate has through holes for terahertz radiation to pass through; the radiation emitted by the terahertz source passes through the through holes in sequence, enters from one inclined surface of the total internal reflection prism, is reflected internally and exits from the other inclined surface, and is finally received by the superconducting mixer.

[0011] This paper addresses the issue of superconducting mixers being susceptible to system structural noise interference due to their extremely high sensitivity by proposing an active background signal suppression method. By incorporating blackbody material structures at key locations in the optical path, selective absorption channels are constructed, effectively suppressing parasitic reflections and scattering signals generated by metal supports, silicon-based optical elements, etc. This method significantly reduces the system noise floor, resolving the contradiction between high-sensitivity detection and low signal-to-noise ratio environments, and providing a reliable guarantee for the ultimate performance of superconducting mixers.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for detecting liquid samples using the above-mentioned terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, the specific steps of which are as follows: B1: Adjust the relative positions of the terahertz source, the blackbody material structure plate, the total internal reflection prism, and the superconducting mixer so that the terahertz radiation passes through the through-hole in the blackbody material structure plate, then through the total internal reflection prism, and is finally fully received by the superconducting mixer; record the terahertz radiation signal received by the superconducting mixer at this time as the reference spectrum signal. ; B2: Add a liquid biochemical sample to the total internal reflection prism and collect the sample's spectral signal. The absorption attenuation was calculated. ; B3: Sample point by point in the terahertz band with a step size of 1MHz~10GHz to obtain the absorption attenuation spectrum of liquid biochemical samples in the terahertz band.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for detecting the dynamic process of liquid biochemical samples with high time resolution using the above-mentioned terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system. The specific steps are as follows: liquid biochemical sample A is dropped onto the surface of the total internal reflection prism and left to stand for 1 to 10 seconds. The signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer is then recorded. Then, liquid biochemical sample B is dropped onto liquid biochemical sample A, and the change in the received signal intensity is recorded at time intervals of 1 to 10 ms. The dynamic response curve of terahertz power during the mixing process of the two different liquid biochemical samples is obtained.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for high time-resolution dynamic process detection of liquid biochemical samples using the above-mentioned terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, comprising the following steps: adding liquid biochemical sample A to the surface of a total internal reflection prism, allowing it to stand for 1-10 seconds, and recording the signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer; then adding liquid biochemical sample B to liquid biochemical sample A, and synchronously recording the change in signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer at time intervals of 1-10 ms, thereby obtaining the dynamic response curve of terahertz power of the two liquid biochemical samples during the mixing reaction process.

[0015] This invention effectively suppresses environmental interference with terahertz signals, enabling fine terahertz spectral detection of biochemical molecules under high spectral resolution and real-time monitoring of dynamic biochemical reactions under high temporal resolution. Due to the extremely high sensitivity of superconducting mixers, structural reflections that are negligible in traditional systems introduce significant noise in this system. To address this, this invention designs a sample carrier device integrating a non-polar material support plate and a blackbody absorbing structure. Parasitic signal absorption structures based on blackbody materials are placed at key locations in the optical path, effectively suppressing secondary reflections and scattering caused by the metal support and silicon material, and absorbing terahertz waves in non-sample paths, thereby eliminating structural noise at its source and ensuring the system's high-precision detection capability. This invention promotes the practical application of terahertz superconducting detectors in the field of biochemical detection, enabling fine spectral detection of weak molecular absorption characteristics and real-time monitoring of terahertz signals during biochemical reactions.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Improved System Noise Suppression and Detection Accuracy. Addressing the issue that superconducting mixers, due to their extremely high sensitivity, are susceptible to interference from system structural reflections, this invention improves the solid-state biochemical sample carrier and incorporates blackbody material absorption structures at key locations in the optical path. This effectively suppresses parasitic reflections and scattering signals caused by the metal support and silicon material, significantly reducing the system noise floor and ensuring high-precision terahertz detection.

[0017] 2. High-spectral-resolution detection of solid-state samples. Based on the aforementioned low-noise carrier device, the system can effectively acquire high-quality terahertz absorption spectra of solid-state biochemical samples in transmission detection mode, realizing high-spectral-resolution fine spectral detection of biochemical molecules and providing a reliable means for the identification and analysis of weak absorption features.

[0018] 3. High-time-resolution dynamic monitoring of liquid samples. By adding a blackbody shielding structure in front of the traditional total internal reflection detection module and combining it with the high-speed sampling capability of the superconducting mixer, the system can accurately capture the dynamic changes of terahertz signals during biochemical reactions, achieving real-time monitoring of the reaction process with high time resolution.

[0019] 4. Promoting the practical application of terahertz technology. This invention effectively resolves the contradiction between high-sensitivity detection and system noise, significantly improving the practicality and reliability of terahertz superconducting detectors in the field of biochemical detection, and providing an advanced tool for biochemical molecular recognition and reaction dynamics research. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the solid biochemical sample carrier device in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping structure in Example 1 when clamping a solid biochemical sample. Figure 4 This is a comparison diagram of the performance differences between the present invention and traditional metal clamps in Example 2; Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the detection results of the present invention and a commercial terahertz time-domain spectrometer in Example 2; Figure 6 The absorption spectrum of lactose monohydrate in the terahertz band in Example 2 is shown. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3; Figure 8 The absorption spectra of water, ethanol, and acetone in the terahertz band in Example 4 are shown. Figure 9 The dynamic response curve of terahertz power during the mixing of water and ethanol in Example 5 is shown. Among them, 1. Terahertz source, 2. Superconducting mixer, 3. Solid biochemical sample carrier, 4. Bracket, 5. Slot, 6. Support plate, 7. Opening, 8. Blackbody material structure plate, 9. Drive ring, 10. Fin, 11. Rotating shaft, 12. Solid biochemical sample, 13. Total internal reflection prism. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0022] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system includes a terahertz source 1, a blackbody material structure plate 8, a solid biochemical sample carrier device 3, and a superconducting mixer 2 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The terahertz source 1 emits terahertz radiation, which passes sequentially through a through-hole on the blackbody material structure plate 8 and an opening 7 in the solid biochemical sample carrier device 3 before being received by the superconducting mixer 2. The solid biochemical sample carrier device 3 includes a bracket 4 and a support plate 6. The support plate 6 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is vertically fixed in the optical path by a slot 5 on the bracket 4. The support plate 6 has an opening 7 for placing a solid biochemical sample 12, and its surface is covered with a porous carbon blackbody material. The blackbody material structure plate 8 is disposed between the terahertz source 1 and the solid biochemical sample carrier device 3, and has a through-hole for the terahertz radiation to pass through. In this embodiment, the support plate 6 has dimensions of 75mm × 50mm, a thickness of 1.5mm, and a central opening 7 with a diameter of 15mm. In practice, the size of the support plate and the size of the opening can be adjusted as needed, and the area around the opening needs to be chamfered.

[0023] In specific implementation, the support plate 6 can also be made of polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene; the non-metallic blackbody material can also be carbon nanotube array, glassy carbon, silicon carbide or hexagonal boron nitride.

[0024] A clamping structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is provided at the opening 7 for holding the solid biochemical sample 12. The clamping structure includes a drive ring 9 that rotates with the support plate 6 and is arranged parallel to the support plate 6. A toothed ring is provided on the inner side of the drive ring 9, and multiple fins 10 are evenly spaced around it. The fins 10 are thin sheets, and adjacent fins 10 overlap and slide together. One end of each fin 10 is rotatably engaged with the support plate 6 via a rotating shaft 11. A half-gear coaxial with the rotating shaft 11 is provided on the fin 10, and the half-gear meshes with the toothed ring on the inner side of the drive ring 9. In the initial state, all fins 10 are located outside the opening 7 and do not interfere with the opening 7. When the drive ring 9 is rotated, the meshing transmission between the gear ring and the half gear drives all the fins 10 to rotate synchronously around their respective shafts 11, causing the end of the fin 10 away from the shaft 11 to converge toward the center of the opening 7, thereby achieving reliable clamping of solid biochemical samples 12 with a diameter smaller than the opening 7.

[0025] Example 2 A method for detecting solid-state biochemical samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system of Example 1, the specific steps of which are as follows: A1: Histidine and polyethylene powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1 and then pressed to obtain a circular solid biochemical sample 12 with a diameter of 13 mm and a thickness of 2.61 mm.

[0026] A2: Adjust the terahertz source 1, superconducting mixer 2, blackbody material structure plate 8, and solid biochemical sample carrier device 3 so that the terahertz radiation from the terahertz source 1 passes through the through hole of the blackbody material structure plate 8 and the opening 7 of the solid biochemical sample carrier device 3 in sequence and is then received by the superconducting mixer 2.

[0027] In practice, to reduce the interference of ambient water vapor on the terahertz signal, a plastic sealing cover is installed in the free light path area after the terahertz wave passes through the sample, and high-purity nitrogen is continuously introduced during the measurement process to keep the relative humidity inside the cover below 5%, thereby effectively suppressing the absorption of terahertz waves by water molecules.

[0028] A3: By scanning the radio frequency, the signal intensity with and without the sample is recorded respectively; the absorption coefficient of the sample is calculated. ;in, The signal strength received by superconducting mixer 2 when there is no sample; The signal strength received by the superconducting mixer 2 when the solid biochemical sample 12 is placed in the opening 7; The thickness of the sample.

[0029] To evaluate the performance differences between the nonpolar material-blackbody composite clamp proposed in this invention and the traditional metal clamp, a comparative test experiment was conducted. In the experiment, both the traditional metal clamp and the solid-state biochemical sample carrier device 3 from Example 1 of this invention were used to measure the absorption spectrum of histidine in the terahertz band. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 In the diagram, the "on inorganic blackbody" curve corresponds to the test results using the carrier device 3 of this invention, while the "on metal steel" curve represents the test results using a traditional metal clamp. Analysis shows that when using a traditional metal clamp, due to the reflection and diffraction interference of electromagnetic waves by the metal, anomalies of negative absorption coefficients appear at the 180, 195, and 200 GHz frequencies, indicating that the metal structure introduces significant errors to the detection of the superconducting mixer 2. In contrast, using the solid-state biochemical sample carrier device 3, which combines organic polymers with blackbody materials designed in this invention, the absorption coefficients measured at the aforementioned frequencies are all positive, and the signal curves are smooth and stable, effectively verifying the excellent anti-interference performance and measurement accuracy of this invention in terahertz superconducting detection systems.

[0030] The detection results of histidine tablets using the detection system (TSCD) employed in this invention were compared with those of a commercial terahertz time-domain spectrometer (TDS). The results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the main absorption peak identified by this invention at 530 GHz is highly consistent with the results of a terahertz time-domain spectrometer, indicating the accuracy of this system in the terahertz band. Furthermore, this invention also clearly distinguishes two secondary absorption peaks at 560 and 563 GHz, with a bandwidth of 4–8 GHz, which is lower than the spectral resolution of commercial terahertz time-domain spectrometers, demonstrating that this method has higher sensitivity in resolving fine spectral features.

[0031] Taking lactose monohydrate as an example, lactose monohydrate and polyethylene powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1 and then pressed to obtain a circular solid biochemical sample with a diameter of 13 mm and a thickness of 0.93 mm.

[0032] The disc-shaped solid biochemical samples prepared from lactose monohydrate were detected using a superconducting detector combined with a traditional metal support device and a commercial terahertz time-domain spectrometer combined with a traditional metal support device, respectively. The results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, TSCDC represents the detection results of a superconducting detector combined with a traditional metal support plate bearing device, while TDSC represents the detection results of a commercial terahertz time-domain spectrometer combined with a traditional metal support plate bearing device. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is known that using a traditional metal support plate bearing device results in many oscillations. These oscillations are noise generated by the parasitic reflection and scattering of terahertz waves by the metal plate. Although the main peak at 530 GHz can be characterized, the oscillation amplitude of this noise fluctuation and several secondary absorption peaks near 560 GHz are on the same order of magnitude, causing the effective signal to be submerged in noise, making it impossible to clearly detect the secondary absorption peak of lactose near 560 GHz.

[0033] Example 3 like Figure 7 As shown, a terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system includes a terahertz source 1, a superconducting mixer 2, a blackbody material structure plate 8, and a total internal reflection prism 13. The blackbody material structure plate 8 and the total internal reflection prism 13 are located on the terahertz radiation path. The terahertz source 1 is used to emit terahertz radiation. The blackbody material structure plate 8 has a through hole for the terahertz radiation to pass through. After the terahertz radiation passes through the through hole, it is incident from one inclined surface of the total internal reflection prism 13, exits from the other inclined surface of the total internal reflection prism 13, and propagates to the superconducting mixer 2.

[0034] Example 4 A method for detecting liquid biochemical samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system of Example 3, the specific steps of which are as follows: B1: Adjust the terahertz source 1, superconducting mixer 2, blackbody material structure plate 8, and total internal reflection prism 13; ensure that the terahertz radiation from the terahertz source 1 passes through the through-hole of the blackbody material structure plate 8, then passes through the total internal reflection prism 13 and is received by the superconducting mixer 2, and record the reference spectrum signal of the terahertz radiation received by the superconducting mixer 2. ; B2: Add 1 mL of liquid biochemical sample to the total internal reflection prism and collect the sample's spectral signal. The absorption attenuation was calculated. ; B3: Sample point by point in the terahertz band with a step size of 2~5GHz, and then organize the data to obtain the absorption spectrum of the liquid biochemical sample in the terahertz band.

[0035] The absorption attenuation of water, ethanol, and acetone in the 0.12–0.18 THz frequency band was measured, and the results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the dashed line represents the detection results of a traditional commercial time-domain spectrometer. Using the method of this embodiment, when detecting water, ethanol, and acetone, the obtained spectra are essentially consistent with the results of the time-domain spectrometer. This verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the system in the detection of liquid phase samples.

[0036] Example 5 A method for detecting liquid biochemical samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system described in Example 3 includes the following steps: Liquid biochemical sample A is dropped onto the surface of a total internal reflection prism, and after standing for 10 seconds, the signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer 2 is recorded; then, liquid biochemical sample B is dropped into liquid biochemical sample A, and the change in signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer is recorded at 4ms intervals to obtain the dynamic response curve of the terahertz power of the two liquid biochemical samples during the mixing reaction.

[0037] In this embodiment, liquid biochemical sample A was ethanol and liquid biochemical sample B was water. The signal intensity was recorded as -7.5 dBm when there was no sample on the prism surface. Simultaneously, the terahertz signal intensity variation was continuously recorded at a frequency of 155 GHz. The results are as follows: Figure 9As shown, upon adding ethanol, the signal intensity rapidly decreased from -7.5 dBm to -9.5 dBm, a decrease of approximately 2 dB, indicating that ethanol significantly absorbs terahertz waves. Subsequently, the addition of water caused the signal intensity to decrease even more rapidly to -15 to -16 dBm, indicating that water has a stronger absorption capacity for terahertz waves in the mixed system. During the mixing of ethanol and water, the signal intensity exhibited a typical exponential decay trend, reflecting the dynamic evolution of liquid mixing on the millisecond to second timescale. These results demonstrate that this invention can achieve a high-time-resolution rapid response to the dynamic processes of liquid samples on a millisecond timescale, exhibiting excellent time-resolution capability.

Claims

1. A terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, comprising a terahertz source and a superconducting mixer, wherein the terahertz source emits terahertz radiation, and the terahertz radiation passes through a solid biochemical sample and is received by the superconducting mixer; characterized in that, A solid-state biochemical sample carrier is disposed between the terahertz source and the superconducting mixer; the superconducting mixer is used to detect the solid-state biochemical sample fixed on the solid-state biochemical sample carrier; the solid-state biochemical sample carrier includes a bracket with a slot, which is connected to a support plate made of non-polar material. The support plate is perpendicular to the optical path of the superconducting mixer. The support plate has an opening for placing the solid-state biochemical sample, and the surface of the support plate is covered with a non-metallic blackbody material; a blackbody material structural plate is also disposed between the solid-state biochemical sample carrier and the superconducting mixer; the blackbody material structural plate has through holes for terahertz radiation to pass through.

2. The terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate has an opening with a clamping structure for holding solid biochemical samples. This clamping structure is made of a non-polar material. The clamping structure includes a drive ring rotatably mounted on the support plate, with a gear ring on its inner side. Multiple fins are arranged around the drive ring and rotatably connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft. Each fin has a half-gear coaxial with the rotating shaft, which meshes with the gear ring of the drive ring. The fins are thin and overlapping, and can slide relative to each other. In the initial state, each fin is located outside the opening and does not interfere with the opening. When the drive ring is rotated, the gear ring and the half-gear drive all the fins to rotate synchronously around their respective rotating shafts, causing the free ends of each fin to converge towards the center of the opening, thereby achieving the clamping of solid biochemical samples with a diameter smaller than the opening diameter.

3. The terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Non-polar materials are polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, or polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blackbody material is a carbon nanotube array, glassy carbon, porous carbon, silicon carbide, or hexagonal boron nitride.

5. A method for detecting solid-state biochemical samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: A1: After the biochemical molecule powder to be tested is mixed evenly with polyethylene powder, it is pressed into shape to obtain a circular solid biochemical sample. A2: The terahertz source, blackbody material structure plate, solid biochemical sample carrier device and superconducting mixer are arranged sequentially along the optical path, so that the terahertz radiation passes through the through hole of the blackbody material structure plate and the opening of the solid biochemical sample carrier device in sequence, and is finally received by the superconducting mixer. A3: By scanning the radio frequency, the signal intensity was recorded when there was no sample. Signal strength when there is a sample Then according to the formula The absorption coefficient of the sample was calculated, where The sample thickness is used; the terahertz absorption spectrum of the solid biochemical sample is obtained by scanning in the terahertz band with a step size of 1MHz to 10GHz.

6. The solid-state biochemical sample detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the biochemical molecular powder to the polyethylene powder is 5:1 to 1:

1.

7. A terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system, characterized in that, The device includes a terahertz source, a blackbody material structure plate, a total internal reflection prism, and a superconducting mixer arranged sequentially along the optical path. The blackbody material structure plate has through holes for terahertz radiation to pass through. The radiation emitted by the terahertz source passes through the through holes in sequence, enters from one inclined surface of the total internal reflection prism, is reflected inside the prism, exits from the other inclined surface, and is finally received by the superconducting mixer.

8. A method for detecting liquid samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: B1: Adjust the relative positions of the terahertz source, the blackbody material structure plate, the total internal reflection prism, and the superconducting mixer so that the terahertz radiation passes through the through-hole in the blackbody material structure plate, then through the total internal reflection prism, and is finally fully received by the superconducting mixer; record the terahertz radiation signal received by the superconducting mixer at this time as the reference spectrum signal. ; B2: Add a liquid biochemical sample to the total internal reflection prism and collect the sample's spectral signal. The absorption attenuation was calculated. ; B3: Sample point by point in the terahertz band with a step size of 1MHz~10GHz to obtain the absorption attenuation spectrum of liquid biochemical samples in the terahertz band.

9. A method for detecting high time-resolution dynamic processes of liquid samples using the terahertz superconducting biochemical detection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Liquid biochemical sample A was dropped onto the surface of the total internal reflection prism. After standing for 1 to 10 seconds, the signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer was recorded. Subsequently, liquid biochemical sample B was dropped onto liquid biochemical sample A, and the changes in the signal intensity received by the superconducting mixer were recorded synchronously at time intervals of 1 to 10 ms to obtain the dynamic response curves of the terahertz power of the two liquid biochemical samples during the mixing reaction.

Images