Floating wind power anchoring foundation scouring experiment device based on tide-wave coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating type wind power anchoring foundation scouring experiment device based on tide-wave coupling. The floating type wind power anchoring foundation scouring experiment device comprises a water tank, a wave-tide coupling simulation system, a variable anchoring foundation model and a data collecting and monitoring system. A replaceable seabed area is arranged in the water tank; the wave-tide coupling simulation system is provided with a wave making device and a tide generating device, and a composite hydrodynamic field of periodic tide water flow and multidirectional waves is generated through cooperative control; the anchoring foundation model is internally provided with a strain sensing unit and is provided with a modular anti-scour structure; the data acquisition and monitoring system synchronously acquires flow field distribution, scouring morphology and pile foundation dynamic response data through acoustics, optics and optical fiber sensing technologies. Tide-wave dynamic coupling simulation and multi-dimensional monitoring are combined, the pile foundation scouring process under the complex marine environment is reproduced, the defect that a traditional device is difficult to simulate multi-directional hydrodynamic interaction and fine monitoring is overcome, and experimental support is provided for optimization and safety evaluation of an offshore wind power anchoring structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine wind power engineering technology, and in particular to a scour test device for floating wind turbine anchor foundations based on tidal-wave coupling. This device is used to evaluate the scour erosion patterns and structural stability of offshore wind turbine anchor foundations under complex hydrodynamic environments. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore wind turbine anchor foundations are susceptible to erosion from seawater, which can reduce their burial depth and compromise structural safety. Therefore, before constructing offshore wind turbine anchor foundations, experimental devices are used to simulate seawater erosion, providing theoretical data support for the construction. However, existing experimental devices mostly simulate single factors (such as waves or tides) and lack devices capable of simultaneously simulating tidal periodic water level changes and wave energy spectra, failing to replicate the actual measurement environment. Furthermore, traditional monitoring relies on costly underwater equipment and lacks real-time data, necessitating an integrated online monitoring system. Therefore, this invention proposes a tidal-wave coupled floating wind turbine anchor foundation erosion experimental device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a floating wind turbine anchor foundation scour test device based on tidal-wave coupling, in order to solve the problem that the existing test devices do not take into account the influence of multiple factors on the scour of offshore wind turbine anchor foundations, resulting in low accuracy compared with the actual test environment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchored foundations based on tidal-wave coupling includes a water tank, a wave-tidal coupling simulation system, a variable anchored foundation model, and a data acquisition and monitoring system. The bottom of the water tank can be modified to create replaceable simulated seabed areas by changing different sand and gravel particle sizes or clay thicknesses. The wave-tidal coupling simulation system includes a wave generator and a tide generation device. The wave generator is a push-plate wave generator driven by an AC servo motor, supporting the generation of regular waves, irregular waves, and obliquely incident waves. The tide generation device is a bidirectional pump group connected to both sides of the water tank via a return water pipe. The bidirectional pump group is controlled by a frequency converter to simulate rising and falling tides with forward and reverse water flow. The variable anchored foundation model is a scaled-down model made according to the fluid mechanics similarity criterion, with pre-embedded strain sensing units. The data acquisition and monitoring system includes a camera, an ultrasonic current meter, a capacitive wave height meter, a laser displacement sensor, a force sensor, a fiber optic modulator, a display, and a control host.

[0006] Furthermore, a guided scour probe system and an image processing system are installed around the variable anchor foundation model. Both the image processing system and the guided scour system are used to detect the scour state of the variable anchor foundation model and are electrically connected to the data acquisition and monitoring system.

[0007] Furthermore, the working modes of the bidirectional pump set include: sinusoidal wave velocity curve to simulate the normal tidal cycle, with an experimental time of 1 hour corresponding to an actual 12 hours; trapezoidal wave velocity curve to simulate extreme tidal impact, with a maximum flow velocity of 2 m / s for 5 minutes.

[0008] Furthermore, the variable anchoring foundation model includes a retaining ring skeleton and a counterweight. The retaining ring skeleton is composed of a stainless steel ring and an elastic rubber pad. The retaining ring skeleton is fitted onto the outer wall of the pile foundation, and the counterweight is embedded in the groove of the skeleton. Its weight is adjustable and is used to balance the impact torque of the water flow.

[0009] Furthermore, the water tank is made of transparent acrylic material.

[0010] A method for using a floating wind turbine anchor foundation scour test device based on tidal-wave coupling is disclosed. The data acquisition and monitoring system adopts a multimodal data fusion method, including: data fusion of ultrasonic current meter and capacitive wave height meter; collaborative calibration of laser displacement sensor and force sensor; and improvement of the reliability and accuracy of the data acquisition and monitoring system through multi-data complementarity.

[0011] A control method for a floating wind turbine anchor foundation scour test device based on tidal-wave coupling is disclosed. The control method of the wave-tidal coupling simulation system includes: a phased superposition method, in which the wave-generating device or the tide-generating device is operated independently first, and then the two are operated simultaneously in a coupling mode; and an active absorption wave-generating technology, in which the displacement of the pusher plate in the pusher plate wave generator is adjusted in real time based on the feedback signal of the reflected wave.

[0012] A scour erosion testing method for a floating wind turbine anchored foundation scour test device based on tidal-wave coupling includes the following steps: S1, installing a variable anchored foundation and pre-burying a layer of sediment, and calibrating the flow rate of the bidirectional water pump group; S2, setting wave parameters including wave spectrum type, wave height, and period, and setting tidal parameters including flow velocity curve and period; S3, performing single wave, single tidal, and coupled effect experiments under different working conditions, and simultaneously collecting scour depth, flow field, and structural response data; S4, evaluating the effectiveness of the protection device by measuring the scour pit volume, maximum depth, and pile foundation stress concentration factor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. Comprehensive simulation of marine environment: By integrating a flow-controlled bidirectional pump set, a pusher-type wave generator, and a terrain simulation module, the system achieves coordinated simulation of tidal rise and fall, wave action, and dynamic changes in the seabed substrate, solving the problem of multi-factor coupled simulation. This comprehensive simulation capability provides a solid foundation for studying the response of the seabed substrate and anchoring foundation in complex hydrological environments.

[0015] 2. Advantages of visualization and data fusion: The transparent experimental chamber is made of acrylic material, which allows high-definition cameras to directly record the scouring evolution process of the seabed substrate while ensuring structural strength. This invention establishes a direct correlation between scouring phenomena and mechanical response by synchronously collecting video data and sensor signals, which significantly improves the reliability of experimental analysis.

[0016] 3. High-precision monitoring system: A data acquisition and monitoring system network composed of various advanced devices such as laser displacement sensors, capacitive wave height meters, and ultrasonic flow meters is used to realize the real-time recording and analysis of various parameters during the experiment. This not only improves the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition, but also provides strong support for subsequent data processing and result verification. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a left view of the device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the component distribution in the data acquisition and monitoring system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A flowchart of a scouring and erosion experiment performed by the device of the present invention;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Push-plate wave generator; 2. First water flow transition section; 3. Second water flow transition section; 4. Variable anchoring foundation model; 5. Simulated seabed area; 6. Two-way pump set; 7. Return water pipe; 8. Camera; 9. Laser displacement sensor; 10. Capacitive wave height meter; 11. Ultrasonic current meter; 12. Force sensor; 13. Control host; 14. Display. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0024] like Figures 1-3As shown, the water tank in the device of the present invention is made of acrylic material, which can ensure the visualization of the internal experimental process. The left and right ends of the inside of the water tank are respectively designed with a first water flow transition section 2 and a second water flow transition section 3. The first water flow transition section 2 refers to a section at the entrance of the experimental chamber, which is used to smooth the process of water flow being introduced into the experimental chamber from the outside. The second water flow transition section 3 is similar to the first water flow transition section 2, but is located near the exit of the experimental chamber, and plays a role in buffering and stabilizing the water flow.

[0025] The bottom of the tank is the simulated seabed area 5, which simulates the seabed base by changing different sand and gravel particle sizes or clay thicknesses.

[0026] A variable anchorage foundation model 4 is placed on the simulated seabed area 5. This model is a key component of the experimental chamber, representing the marine engineering structure to be tested. Model 4 is a scaled-down model constructed according to hydrodynamic similarity criteria, with pre-embedded strain sensing units. On its anchored foundation, model 4 is equipped with a retaining ring skeleton fitted to the outer wall of the pile foundation and adjustable counterweights to balance the impact torque of the water flow. A guided scour probe system and an image processing system are installed around model 4. Both systems are used to detect the scour state of model 4 and are electrically connected to the data acquisition and monitoring system.

[0027] A bidirectional water pump group 6 is installed at the bottom of the water tank. The bidirectional water pump group 6 is a tide generation device in the wave-tide coupling simulation system. It is responsible for adjusting the water level and water flow speed. The bidirectional water pump group 6 is controlled by a frequency converter to send water into the water tank through the return water pipe 7, thereby realizing different water flow states in the process of tidal change. It can flexibly adjust the water flow speed during the experiment to meet different experimental needs.

[0028] A pusher-type wave generator 1 is installed on one side of the experimental chamber. The pusher-type wave generator 1 is a wave-generating device in the wave-tide coupling simulation system. The pusher-type wave generator 1 is driven by a servo motor to generate wave plates, and the displacement of the pusher plate in the pusher-type wave generator 1 is adjusted in real time based on the reflected wave feedback signal. According to the experimental requirements, it can generate waves of different frequencies and amplitudes on the water surface. It can generate regular waves, irregular waves and obliquely incident waves. This function is of great significance for studying the response of the seabed substrate under different wave conditions and helps to understand the complex environmental factors that marine engineering structures may face in practical applications.

[0029] like Figure 4The diagram shows the data acquisition and monitoring system of the device of this invention, including a laser displacement sensor 9, a capacitive wave height meter 10, an ultrasonic flow meter 11, force sensors 12 (several), and two high-definition cameras 8. These devices are connected to a control host 13 via optical fiber and are equipped with an optical fiber modulator. The control host 13 is connected to a display 14. Together, these devices form a comprehensive and accurate monitoring network capable of recording and analyzing various parameters during the experiment in real time. The laser displacement sensor 9 measures water level changes; the capacitive wave height meter 10 detects wave height, determining the positions of wave crests and troughs by sensing changes in capacitance; the ultrasonic flow meter 11 measures water flow velocity using the time difference of ultrasonic wave propagation, offering high accuracy and reliability; the force sensors 12 are distributed around the anchor foundation to monitor various mechanical loads borne by the structure; and the high-definition cameras 8 capture dynamic images during the experiment for subsequent analysis and verification. Simultaneously, the data acquisition terminal integrates a multi-channel signal receiving module, capable of processing information from various sensor nodes simultaneously. Whenever a new set of data arrives, the terminal immediately performs preliminary screening and correction, eliminating outliers and noise interference, and then stores it for subsequent analysis. During use, data from the ultrasonic flowmeter and capacitive height meter are fused; and the laser displacement sensor and force sensor are calibrated collaboratively to improve reliability and accuracy.

[0030] The control host 13 is responsible for coordinating the work of each subsystem in the entire experimental setup, receiving and processing sensor data, and executing necessary control commands. The experimental status, monitoring data, and other relevant information can be viewed in real time through the display interface 14, facilitating timely decision-making and adjustments.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the experimental process of conducting a scouring erosion experiment using the device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S100: Experimental Preparation. Select a suitable seabed substrate type (sand or clay) according to experimental requirements and lay it inside the transparent experimental chamber. Simultaneously, place the anchoring foundation model at the designated location. Next, check that all monitoring equipment is functioning properly and ensure that the data acquisition terminal is connected to the central processing unit.

[0033] Step S200: Parameter setting. Set the wave type (regular wave / irregular wave), wave direction, and period parameters through the control software; adjust the input tidal velocity curve type (such as sine wave, trapezoidal wave) and period duration through the closed-loop feedback control system. The sine wave velocity curve simulates the regular tidal cycle, with an experimental time of 1 hour corresponding to 12 hours in reality; the trapezoidal wave velocity curve simulates extreme tidal impact, with a maximum flow velocity of 2 m / s lasting for 5 minutes.

[0034] Step S300: Start the tidal simulation system, start the bidirectional water pump group to run a single water flow condition and record the initial flow field data; superimpose the wave generation system, use the pusher plate wave generator to generate waves of the required frequency and amplitude, and perform the tidal-wave coupling experiment; simultaneously activate the data acquisition and monitoring system to collect the morphology and depth of scour, flow velocity field and dynamic response data of the pile foundation structure.

[0035] In step S400, all sensor data is converted from analog to digital and then transmitted to the control host for synchronous processing. The control host integrates video and sensor information and displays visualizations such as scour pit volume, maximum depth, pile foundation stress concentration factor, tide level curve, and stress distribution map on the monitor.

[0036] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common technical solutions or characteristics known in the schemes are not described in detail here. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A scour test device for floating wind turbine anchored foundations based on tidal-wave coupling, characterized in that, The system includes a water tank, a wave-tide coupling simulation system, a variable anchoring foundation model, and a data acquisition and monitoring system. The bottom of the water tank can be modified to create interchangeable simulated seabed areas by changing the sand and gravel particle size or clay thickness. The wave-tide coupling simulation system includes a wave generator and a tide generation device. The wave generator is a push-plate wave generator driven by an AC servo motor, supporting the generation of regular waves, irregular waves, and obliquely incident waves. The tide generation device is a bidirectional pump group connected to both sides of the water tank via a return water pipe. The bidirectional pump group is controlled by a frequency converter to simulate rising and falling tides with forward and reverse water flow. The variable anchoring foundation model is a scaled-down model created according to fluid mechanics similarity criteria, with pre-embedded strain sensing units. The data acquisition and monitoring system includes a camera, an ultrasonic current meter, a capacitive wave height meter, a laser displacement sensor, a force sensor, a fiber optic modulator, a display, and a control host.

2. The experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchorage foundation based on tidal-wave coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A guided scour probe system and an image processing system are installed around the variable anchor foundation model. Both the image processing system and the guided scour system are used to detect the scour status of the variable anchor foundation model and are electrically connected to the data acquisition and monitoring system.

3. The experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchorage foundation based on tidal-wave coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The working modes of the bidirectional water pump set include: sinusoidal wave velocity curve to simulate the normal tidal cycle, with an experimental time of 1 hour corresponding to an actual 12 hours; trapezoidal wave velocity curve to simulate extreme tidal impact, with a maximum flow velocity of 2 m / s for 5 minutes.

4. The experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchorage foundation based on tidal-wave coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The variable anchoring foundation model includes a retaining ring skeleton and a counterweight. The retaining ring skeleton is composed of a stainless steel ring and an elastic rubber pad. The retaining ring skeleton is sleeved on the outer wall of the pile foundation. The counterweight is embedded in the groove of the skeleton and its weight is adjustable to balance the impact torque of the water flow.

5. The scour test device for floating wind turbine anchorage foundation based on tidal-wave coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank is made of transparent acrylic material.

6. The method of using the experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchor foundation based on tidal-wave coupling according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The data acquisition and monitoring system employs a multimodal data fusion method, including: data fusion of ultrasonic flow meter and capacitive wave height meter; collaborative calibration of laser displacement sensor and force sensor; and improved reliability and accuracy of the data acquisition and monitoring system through multi-data complementarity.

7. The control method for the experimental device for scour of floating wind turbine anchored foundations based on tidal-wave coupling according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The control methods of the wave-tide coupling simulation system include: a phased superposition method: first, the wave generator or the tide generator is operated independently, and then the two are operated simultaneously in a coupling mode; and an active absorption wave generation technology: the displacement of the pusher plate in the pusher plate wave generator is adjusted in real time based on the reflected wave feedback signal.

8. The scour erosion testing method of the floating wind turbine anchor foundation scour test device based on tidal-wave coupling according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the variable anchor foundation and pre-embed the silt layer, and calibrate the flow rate of the bidirectional water pump set; S2. Set wave parameters, including wave spectrum type, wave height and period, and set tidal parameters, including flow velocity curve and period; S3. Perform single wave, single tide and coupling effect experiments under different working conditions, and simultaneously collect scour depth, flow field and structural response data; S4. Evaluate the effectiveness of the protection device by the scour pit volume, maximum depth and pile foundation stress concentration factor.

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