Non-pulling-out plugging measurement integrated construction method for long open hole malignant leakage well

Abstract

The invention provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-pulling-out plugging measuring integrated construction method which comprises the following steps: after leakage occurs, firstly, determining the leakage position of a long open hole well section through a leakage layer identification system, preparing a multi-grading plugging working solution according to the leakage speed, secondly, opening a plugging bypass system, interrupting a drilling system, and finally, according to the constructed long open hole well condition, determining the plugging position of the long open hole well section. And a special leaking stoppage construction process is determined, after leaking stoppage operation is completed, the leaking stoppage bypass system is closed, and the drilling system is recovered. The special leaking stoppage construction technology comprises an annular reverse extrusion technology and a direct extrusion sealing technology, the tripping time can be greatly shortened, and the plugging capacity of leaking stoppage slurry can be guaranteed. According to the method, quick and efficient treatment of well leakage is achieved on the premise that drilling is not carried out, and the existing technical problems that a leakage layer is uncertain, multiple times of invalid leakage stoppage are not achieved, large-particle leakage stoppage slurry is difficult to pump in under the condition of a drilling tool combination, the leakage stoppage time is prolonged due to multiple times of drilling, and the leakage stoppage construction technology cannot meet the leakage layer stoppage requirement to the maximum extent are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling plugging, and particularly relates to a long open hole malignant loss well non-drilling measuring and plugging integrated construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Domestic oil and gas reservoirs are deeply buried, at least 3-4 sets of upper layers are drilled before drilling into the reservoir, and more than 10 sets of formations with different pressure gradients need to be drilled in local areas. Losses are prone to occur during drilling. After the loss occurs, it is difficult to determine the location of the loss layer, resulting in multiple ineffective plugging, and the plugging cost and plugging cycle are greatly increased.

[0003] After the loss layer is accurately determined, due to the limitations of the downhole power combination (including the one-way choke valve) and the measuring instrument, only millimeter-level plugging materials can be added while drilling. For malignant loss wells, only drilling with a smooth drill pipe can be used for special plugging. Tripping and changing the drilling assembly leads to an increase in the plugging cycle. Especially for loss wells with a depth of more than 3000 m, an average single trip of the smooth drill pipe combination for plugging needs more than 8 hours.

[0004] How to realize efficient management of malignant loss wells using the original drilling assembly under non-drilling conditions is a technical problem that needs to be solved in the field of drilling plugging. At present, drilling companies are trying to solve this technical problem, but their methods and technologies have limitations.

[0005] For example, the patent with the publication number CN111894560A discloses a drilling process while drilling loss plugging method, which includes the following steps: (1) obtaining basic data of drilling, location of loss layer in upper open hole section, and drilling construction parameters; (2) monitoring the annular pressure difference between the two ends of the downhole throttling part in real time during drilling, and monitoring the flow rate of drilling fluid at the inlet and outlet or the change of the amount of drilling fluid in the mud tank on the ground; (3) determining the location of the loss layer when loss occurs; (4) after determining the location of the loss layer, opening the multiple activation bypass valve and performing plugging operation; (5) after the plugging operation is completed, if there is no loss, closing the multiple activation bypass valve and resuming drilling; (6) after the plugging operation is completed, if there is loss, determining whether the loss layer is plugged, if not, adjusting the plugging slurry formula and performing plugging operation; if yes, determining the location of the loss layer according to (3) and performing plugging operation according to (4). The present application can determine the location of the loss layer while drilling, and realize plugging operation without drilling. This method mainly relies on monitoring the annular pressure difference between the two ends of the downhole throttling part, and realizes loss layer determination through data public calculation. However, this process needs to inject drilling fluid for pressure monitoring, which consumes a large amount of drilling fluid and is not suitable for lost circulation wells. This method does not mention the construction method of the bypass valve, but only uses the bypass valve, and does not explain how to optimize the plugging formula, which has no guiding significance for plugging.

[0006] For example, patent CN107313767A discloses a downhole loss measurement device and method, as well as a loss plugging system. The downhole monitoring unit can measure the temperature, pressure and annular flow at the location in real time, thereby clarifying the location of the loss. However, the large amount of measurement data can easily cause data distortion, and it does not explain how to achieve the technique of plugging the loss after a serious loss occurs.

[0007] For example, patent CN107035338A discloses a method for annular reverse injection and reverse compression of fine sand plugging slurry to plug leaks. This method is highly adaptable to different leakage channels, improving the matching ability of the plugging agent to the leakage channels and allowing it to be squeezed into different leakage channels. The fine sand in the plugging slurry easily accumulates in the fractures, forming a high-strength plugging wall after compression, making well leakage recurrence less likely. The annular reverse injection and reverse compression method reduces the range of movement of the plugging slurry due to the presence of the drilling tools in the well, forcing the slurry to enter the leaking layer more easily. The annular reverse injection and reverse compression method better suits the gravity sinking characteristics of high-density fine sand plugging slurry; the slurry can freely enter the leaking layer during the sinking process, and then, through shut-in compression, more plugging slurry is forced into the leaking layer. However, this technology uses a bare drill pipe assembly without downhole power assembly and measuring instruments, making it unsuitable for integrated drilling, testing, and plugging processes. The maximum particle size of the plugging slurry used is 2-3 mm, which is ineffective for centimeter-level fracture-type leaks in wells with severe leakage, and it does not meet the conditions for annular reverse compression.

[0008] For example, the paper "Research and Application of Precision Leakage Plugging Technology in Multi-Layer Systems of Changqing Oilfield [J]. Drilling and Production Technology, 2022, 45(06):134-138" involves a leakage layer identification technology, which uses a "multi-parameter" leakage detection tool based on well temperature and flow rate methods. After leakage occurs, the drill string is pulled out and the bare drill pipe is lowered to the casing foot, and the "multi-parameter" leakage detection tool is lowered in. The leakage layer is identified by analyzing the difference between the measurement data of the leakage layer and the normal layer. However, this technology can only use the bare drill pipe for leakage detection, and then perform special leakage plugging based on the leakage detection data. It cannot realize the integrated construction of leakage detection and plugging without drilling in long open-hole malignant leakage wells, and the leakage detection and plugging time is long.

[0009] For example, the paper “Anti-leakage and plugging technology for ultra-long horizontal section of Changqing shale oil horizontal well Hua H90-3 well [J]. Petroleum Drilling Technology, 2022, 50(02): 16-21” involves a leak-proof layer precise location technology and a drilling plugging technology. This technology uses the resistivity of the rotary steering system to accurately locate the leak-proof layer, but it is necessary to ensure that the rotary steering signal feedback is at least 35L / s and that it cannot achieve plugging of severe well leakage without drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated construction method for drilling, testing, and plugging of long open-hole wells with severe leakage, overcoming the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To this end, the technical solutions provided by the present application are as follows: A long open hole malignant loss well non-drilling plugging integrated construction method, comprising the following steps: Step 1) continue drilling after loss for a single drill rod length, and measure the loss rate at the same time; drill to a safe well section; Step 2) determine the loss position of the long open hole well section through a loss layer identification system; Step 3) prepare a multi-stage plugging loss working fluid according to the loss rate; Step 4) drill to the upper part of the loss layer 10-15m, verify the well condition while drilling, open the bypass system of the non-drilling plugging tool combination after the borehole is normal, and interrupt the drilling system; wherein, the bypass system can be activated multiple times; Step 5) inject the multi-stage plugging loss working fluid to carry out plugging operation; Step 6) after the plugging operation, open the pump to circulate and observe the loss amount; if there is no loss, close the bypass system and restore the drilling; If there is still loss, continue to use the above steps for plugging operation according to the loss rate.

[0012] The loss layer identification system in step 2) comprises a downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter and a ground analysis system, the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter transmits pulses to the ground analysis system, and the ground analysis system is used to analyze resistivity data and determine the loss position by comparing the differences on the resistivity curve.

[0013] The multi-stage plugging loss working fluid in step 3) is composed of water, base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material; wherein, when the loss rate is not greater than 10m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 4%, 5%, 5% and 5% of the mass of water; When the loss rate is 10-40m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 5%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water; When the loss rate is greater than 40m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 6%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water.

[0014] The plugging operation in step 5) is an annular reverse squeezing process or a direct squeezing process; The annular reverse squeezing process is as follows: (1) inject the prepared multi-stage plugging loss working fluid, use the drilling fluid to replace the multi-stage plugging loss working fluid out of the bypass hole of the bypass system, into the annulus, measure the reserved amount of the multi-stage plugging loss working fluid into the annulus, and stop the pump after the measurement is completed; (2) Close the packer, use drilling fluid to squeeze the lost circulation working fluid above the leaking zone from the annulus through the choke manifold / kill manifold, and the squeezing pressure is not more than 80% of the breakdown pressure; The direct squeezing process is as follows: Inject the prepared multi-stage lost circulation working fluid, close the packer after 1m³ of the lost circulation working fluid is discharged from the bypass hole, and use the drilling fluid to squeeze the lost circulation working fluid into the leaking zone, and the squeezing pressure is not more than 80% of the minimum value of the closing pressure of the bypass hole or the breakdown pressure.

[0015] The lost circulation drilling tool assembly includes a lost circulation bypass system and a drill pipe, the lost circulation bypass system is installed at the lower part of the drill pipe, and the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter is installed at the upper part of the drill pipe.

[0016] The base paste is hydrated white clay, the fiber material includes flexible fiber and rigid fiber, and the particle sizes of the fiber material and the rigid material are 1-3mm, 4-6mm and 7-9mm.

[0017] The amount of the lost circulation material is based on the mass of water, when the leakage rate is not more than 10m³ / h, 5% of the fiber material 1-3mm+5% of the rigid material 1-3mm+5% of the cementing material with a particle size of 1-3mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40m³ / h, 5% of the fiber material 1-3mm+3% of the fiber material 4-6mm+5% of the rigid material 1-3mm+3% of the rigid material 4-6mm+5% of the cementing material 1-3mm+3% of the cementing material 7-9mm; when the leakage rate is greater than 40m³ / h, 5% of the fiber material 4-6mm+3% of the fiber material 7-9mm+5% of the rigid material 4-6mm+3% of the rigid material 7-9mm+5% of the cementing material 4-6mm+3% of the cementing material 7-9mm.

[0018] The lost circulation bypass system includes a bypass assembly and a ball basket, the ball basket is arranged at the lower part of the bypass system, the bypass assembly includes a body, an open valve ball, a close valve ball, a supporting spring, a bypass hole and a ball seat, the ball seat is arranged in the body, the bypass hole is arranged on the body, the supporting spring is arranged below the ball seat, the open valve ball is a flexible ball, and the close valve ball is a rigid ball.

[0019] The opening process of the lost circulation bypass system is as follows: one open valve ball is put in, the open valve ball is seated on the ball seat, the lost circulation paste is pumped in, the pressure is transmitted, the supporting spring goes down, the bypass hole is opened, the lost circulation paste is injected into the annulus from the bypass hole, and the lost circulation operation is performed; After the operation is completed, two close valve balls are put in, the close valve balls are seated at the position of the bypass hole, the open valve ball and the two close valve balls are squeezed into the ball basket through pressure transmission, the supporting spring returns to normal, the bypass hole is closed, and the normal drilling fluid circulation is restored.

[0020] The method for judging the opening of the leak stoppage bypass system is: 1) the pump pressure drops by 3-5 MPa; 2) the measuring instrument has no signal, the drilling fluid does not pass through the measuring instrument, and circulates from the leak stoppage bypass system.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The long open hole malignant leakage well integrated construction method provided by the present application can first determine the leakage position of the long open hole well section through the leakage layer identification system after leakage occurs, and can secondly open the leak stoppage bypass system which can be activated multiple times, interrupt the drilling system, and determine the special leak stoppage construction process according to the long open hole well condition which has been constructed, and can complete the leak stoppage operation, and can close the leak stoppage bypass system which can be activated multiple times and restore the drilling system. The special leak stoppage construction process includes the annular reverse squeezing process and the direct squeezing process, and the leak stoppage time and the sealing capacity of the leak stoppage slurry can be greatly reduced.

[0022] The present application combines the leak stoppage drilling assembly without tripping, realizes the rapid and efficient management of the well leakage under the condition of not tripping, solves the existing technical problems such as multiple ineffective leak stoppage of uncertain leakage layer, difficulty in pumping the large particle leak stoppage slurry under the condition of the drilling assembly, increase of the leak stoppage time by multiple tripping, and the leak stoppage construction process cannot meet the maximum sealing requirement of the leakage layer.

[0023] In the construction method, the electromagnetic wave resistivity leakage layer identification system is used to determine the leakage position of the long open hole well section, and based on the high difference between the rock and the drilling fluid resistivity, the data can be directly observed, the accuracy is high, and the leakage position is accurate. Through the leak stoppage bypass system which can be activated multiple times, the construction of the multi-stage leak stoppage working fluid is completed under the condition of not tripping, and the rapid sealing of the crack type leakage layer is realized. According to the leakage speed, a set of multi-stage leak stoppage working fluid is formed, which covers the fiber material (flexible fiber and rigid fiber), rigid material and gelatinous material, and the particle size is 1mm-3mm, 4-6mm and 7-9mm, so as to meet the sealing requirement of the leak stoppage working fluid for the leakage layer under the condition of not passing through the leakage speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the present application; Figure 2 is an embodiment schematic diagram of the leak stoppage drilling assembly without tripping of the present application; Figure 3 is an embodiment structure schematic diagram of the leak stoppage bypass system; Figure 4 is a state schematic diagram before the ball seat is lowered; Figure 5 is a state schematic diagram before the ball seat is raised.

[0025] Figure: 1, upper joint; 2, open valve ball; 3, closed valve ball; 4, ball seat; 5, supporting spring; 6, drill pipe; 7, spring seat; 8, ball basket; 9, drill bit; 10, lower joint; 11, bypass hole; 12, through-type eccentric hole; 13, bypass-type eccentric hole; 14, bypass plugging system; 15, electromagnetic wave resistivity meter; 16, downhole power assembly and measuring instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following examples illustrate the practice of the present application, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many advantages of the application can be achieved by the methods disclosed without regard to the specific details of the examples. Other advantages of the present application will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description.

[0026] Reference will now be made to the drawings to describe the exemplary embodiments of the present application in detail. The present application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification. It will be understood that, although the terms "first" and "second" can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms since such elements are commonly known to one skilled in the art.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0028] Example 1 The present application provides a long open hole lost circulation well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, comprising the following steps: Step 1) continue drilling for a single drill pipe length after the loss, and measure the loss rate at the same time, and drill up to a safe well section; Step 2) determining the loss position of the long open hole well section through a loss layer identification system; Step 3) preparing a multi-stage plugging loss working fluid according to the loss rate; Step 4) drilling to the upper part of the loss layer 10-15m, verifying the well condition while drilling, and opening the bypass plugging system 14 of the non-drilling plugging drilling assembly after the wellbore is normal, and interrupting the drilling system; wherein the bypass plugging system 14 can be activated multiple times; Step 5) injecting a multi-stage plugging loss working fluid to carry out plugging operation; Step 6) after the plugging operation, pumping is started to observe the loss amount; if there is no loss, the bypass plugging system 14 is closed, and drilling is resumed; If there is still loss, the above steps are continued to be used for plugging operation according to the loss rate.

[0029] The application combines the non-drilling lost circulation drilling tool assembly, realizes the rapid and efficient treatment of well leakage under the condition of non-drilling, solves the technical problems of the existing technology, such as uncertain multiple ineffective lost circulation plugging of leakage layers, difficulty in pumping large particle lost circulation slurry under the condition of drilling drilling tool assembly, increase of lost circulation time by multiple tripping, and inability of lost circulation construction process to meet the plugging demand of leakage layers to the maximum extent.

[0030] Embodiment 2 On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, and the leakage layer identification system in step 2) comprises a downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument 15 and a ground analysis system, the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument 15 transmits pulses to the ground analysis system, and the ground analysis system is used for analyzing resistivity data, and the leakage position is determined by comparing the differences on the resistivity curve.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2 , the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument 15 is installed on the upper part of the downhole power combination and the measuring instrument 16, has a length of 1.1 m, has a transmitting end and a receiving end, adopts a single-transmitting double-receiving compensation resistivity working principle for measurement, has a transmitting frequency of 2 MHz, and can realize continuous measurement of downhole data.

[0032] The ground analysis system is integrated on an MWD (Measurement While Drilling) operation platform, adopts a clustering analysis method for hierarchical processing, and then corrects the resistivity curve by a Marquardt method, thereby improving the resolution capability of the measurement result.

[0033] The transmission of the leakage layer identification system is transmitted to the MWD operation platform on the ground by pulses, and when the drilling fluid displacement in the leakage well is 10 L / s, the data transmission is stable, the analysis system data is normal, and no data loss phenomenon occurs.

[0034] The leakage layer identification system determines the leakage position by comparing the differences (low peak value) on the resistivity curve, and the error is ≤3 m. The data measured in the normal well section is the resistivity of rock, the drilling fluid is filled in the cracks after leakage, the resistivity of the drilling fluid is much smaller than the resistivity of the open hole rock, so that a curve mutation point (low peak value) appears, and the leakage position is determined according to the well depth corresponding to the low resistivity.

[0035] Embodiment 3 On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, and the multi-grade lost circulation working fluid in step 3) is composed of water, base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material; when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, the fiber material, the rigid material and the gel material is 4%, 5%, 5% and 5% of the mass of the water. When the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, the mass of the base paste, the fiber material, the rigid material and the gel material is 5%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water; When the leakage rate is greater than 40 m3 / h, the mass of the base paste, the fiber material, the rigid material and the gel material is 6%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water.

[0036] The multi-stage matching plugging working fluid is an inert material. The base paste is hydrated white clay, the fiber material includes flexible fiber and rigid fiber, the particle size of the fiber material and the rigid material is 1-3 mm, 4-6 mm and 7-9 mm; the fiber material is suitable for all water-based drilling fluid systems, and plays a role of reinforcing bar, resistance, adhesion and the like in the plugging slurry. The rigid material is an equal tetrahedron high-strength material, which is suitable for all water-based drilling fluid systems, and plays a role of bridging, inlaying and plugging in the plugging slurry.

[0037] The gel material is an elastic expansion particle, when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m3 / h, the particle size of the gel material is 1-3 mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, the particle size of 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm, 4-6 mm, the particle size of 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm; when the leakage rate is greater than 40 m3 / h, the particle size of 5% of the gel material is 3-6 mm, 4-6 mm, the particle size of 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm. The plugging material is added in an amount based on the mass of water, when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 1-3 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 1-3 mm, and 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 1-3 mm, 3% of the fiber material is 4-6 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 1-3 mm, 3% of the rigid material is 4-6 mm, 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm, and 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm; when the leakage rate is greater than 40 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 4-6 mm, 3% of the fiber material is 7-9 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 4-6 mm, 3% of the rigid material is 7-9 mm, 5% of the gel material is 4-6 mm, and 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm.

[0038] The gel material is an elastic expansion particle, when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m3 / h, the particle size of the gel material is 1-3 mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, the particle size of 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm, 4-6 mm, the particle size of 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm; when the leakage rate is greater than 40 m3 / h, the particle size of 5% of the gel material is 3-6 mm, 4-6 mm, the particle size of 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm. The plugging material is added in an amount based on the mass of water, when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 1-3 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 1-3 mm, and 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 1-3 mm, 3% of the fiber material is 4-6 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 1-3 mm, 3% of the rigid material is 4-6 mm, 5% of the gel material is 1-3 mm, and 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm; when the leakage rate is greater than 40 m3 / h, 5% of the fiber material is 4-6 mm, 3% of the fiber material is 7-9 mm, 5% of the rigid material is 4-6 mm, 3% of the rigid material is 7-9 mm, 5% of the gel material is 4-6 mm, and 3% of the gel material is 7-9 mm.

[0039] To realize rapid plugging of the leakage layer under different leakage rates, through indoor experiments, different leakage rate conditions are formed, as shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Multi-stage matching plugging working fluid corresponding to different leakage rates

[0041] Example 4 On the basis of Embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, as shown in Figure 1 The plugging operation in step 5) is an annular reverse squeezing process or a direct squeezing process. The annular reverse squeezing process is as follows: (1) The prepared multi-stage plugging working fluid is injected, the multi-stage plugging working fluid is completely replaced out of the bypass hole 11 of the plugging bypass system 14 by the drilling fluid into the annulus, the reserved amount of the multi-stage plugging working fluid entering the annulus is measured, and the pump is stopped after the measurement is completed. (2) The well packer is closed, the drilling fluid is used to squeeze the plugging working fluid above the leakage layer from the annulus, and the squeezing pressure does not exceed 80% of the breakdown pressure. The direct squeezing process is as follows: The prepared multi-stage plugging working fluid is injected, the plugging working fluid is injected into the leakage layer by the drilling fluid after 111 m3 of the plugging working fluid is discharged from the bypass hole 11, and the squeezing pressure does not exceed 80% of the minimum value of the closing pressure of the bypass hole 11 or the breakdown pressure.

[0042] In order to ensure the stability of the prepared plugging slurry and the plugging effect, the present application provides two special plugging construction processes: an annular reverse squeezing process and a direct squeezing process.

[0043] Embodiment 5 On the basis of Embodiment 2, the present embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, as shown in Figure 2 The non-drilling plugging drilling tool assembly includes a plugging bypass system 14 and a drill pipe 6, the plugging bypass system 14 is installed at the lower part of the drill pipe 6, and a downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument 15 is installed at the upper part of the drill pipe 6. The front end of the drill pipe 6 is a drill bit 9.

[0044] The overall length of the plugging bypass system 14 is ≤2m, and the overall length of the electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument 15 is ≤1m.

[0045] Embodiment 6 On the basis of Embodiment 5, the present embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method, as shown in Figure 3 The plugging bypass system 14 includes a bypass assembly and a ball basket 8, the ball basket 8 is arranged at the lower part of the bypass system, the bypass assembly includes a body, an open valve ball 2, a close valve ball 3, a supporting spring 5, a bypass hole 11, and a ball seat 4, the ball seat 4 is arranged in the body, the bypass hole 11 is arranged on the body, the supporting spring 5 is arranged below the ball seat 4, the open valve ball 2 is a flexible ball, and the close valve ball 3 is a rigid ball. There is a spring seat 7 below the supporting spring 5.

[0046] The bypass system 14 mainly consists of a bypass assembly and a ball basket 8, and has three outer diameter sizes: 4 3 / 4", 6 3 / 4", and 8 1 / 4", which can meet the plugging requirements of 6"~12 1 / 4" boreholes. The ball basket 8 is used to recover the opening ball 2 and the closing ball 3, and can meet the requirements of 5 operations under normal conditions. The ball basket 8 can be lengthened according to the number of operations to meet the operation requirements of more well times.

[0047] The opening ball 2 is made of resin material and can be extruded and deformed. The closing ball 3 is made of rigid material. The water eye diameters of the two bypass holes 11 corresponding to the 4 3 / 4" and 6 3 / 4" bypass holes 11 are 27.94 mm, and the water eye diameter of the two bypass holes 11 corresponding to the 8 1 / 4" bypass hole 11 is 34.29 mm. The bypass hole 11 can pass through the plugging material with a diameter less than or equal to the water eye diameter. Generally, the particle size of the plugging material does not exceed 2 / 3 of the water eye diameter. Under special conditions, the diameter of the bypass hole 11 can be designed according to the particle size of the plugging material required on site.

[0048] Example 7 On the basis of example 6, the present embodiment provides a long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling and plugging integrated construction method. The opening process of the bypass system 14 is as follows: one opening ball 2 is put in, the opening ball 2 is seated on the ball seat 4, the plugging slurry is pumped in, the pressure is transmitted, the supporting spring 5 descends, the bypass hole 11 is opened, the plugging slurry is injected from the bypass hole 11 to the annulus, and the plugging operation is performed. After the operation is completed, two closing balls 3 are put in again, the closing balls 3 are seated at the positions of the bypass hole 11, the opening ball 2 and the two closing balls 3 are extruded into the ball basket 8 through pressure transmission, the supporting spring 5 returns to normal, the bypass hole 11 is closed, and the normal drilling fluid circulation is restored.

[0049] The method for judging the opening of the bypass system 14 is as follows: 1) the pump pressure drops by 3-5 MPa; 2) the measuring instrument has no signal, and the drilling fluid does not pass through the measuring instrument and circulates from the bypass system 14.

[0050] During drilling, the bypass valve is part of the drill string, and the drilling fluid flows through the internal through hole and reaches the bottom hole under normal drilling. When plugging is needed, the opening ball 2 is first put in from the ground, the opening ball 2 reaches the ball seat 4 with the drilling fluid, and then reaches the through eccentric hole 12 with the drilling fluid, and the through eccentric hole 12 is sealed. Specifically, the ground pump is pressurized, the ball seat 4 moves downward to compress the spring, until the bypass eccentric hole 13 is connected with the bypass hole 11 in the middle of the upper joint 1, the bypass hole 11 is opened, as shown in FIG. 6, the plugging material enters the borehole leakage section with the drilling fluid to plug. Figure 4 The ball basket 8 is arranged in the lower joint 10, and the two are threadedly connected.

[0051] After the plugging is completed, the closing valve ball 3 is put from the ground, and the closing valve ball 3 reaches the ball seat 4 of the plugging bypass valve with the drilling fluid, and reaches the bypass eccentric hole 13 and seals with the drilling fluid, as shown. Figure 5 The specific operation is as follows: the ground pump is pressurized, when the pressure reaches the set value, the opening valve ball 2 is extruded and deformed into the through eccentric hole 12, and the opening valve ball 2 falls into the ball basket 8 after passing through the through eccentric hole 12, and the through eccentric hole 12 is opened. Then, under the action of the supporting spring 5, the ball seat 4 moves up to the initial position, the bypass hole 11 is closed, the closing valve ball 3 falls into the ball basket 8 with the drilling fluid through the through eccentric hole 12, and the plugging bypass valve completes the plugging program. The opening pressure of the bypass hole 11 is generally 0.7-1.4MPa, and the closing pressure of the bypass hole 11 (the breaking pressure of the opening valve ball 2) is generally 13-15MPa, and the opening and closing of the plugging bypass system 14 are completed by the opening and closing of the valve ball 2 and the two closing valve balls 3.

[0052] Example 8 Simulation environment test - annulus reverse extrusion process The simulated well environment is simulated, the wellbore diameter is 12 1 / 4'', the fracture position is at a position of 50m, the fracture width is 1-1.5mm, the circulation leak detection speed is 50m³ / h, the resistivity of the drilling fluid is 0.85Ω·m, and the non-drilling plugging drilling tool assembly.

[0053] Leak layer identification system: the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity tester 15 is put into the simulated wellbore, and the data is connected to the ground analysis system on the ground. The wellbore resistivity curve measured at 51m-100m is flat, and the resistivity is between 20.5-21.0Ω·m. Continue to measure, the resistivity curve drops to 0.79-0.95Ω·m at 50-51m, and continues to measure, the resistivity curve returns to 20.5-21.0Ω·m. The leak position is between 50-51m according to the resistivity curve analysis, which is almost consistent with the position of the artificial fracture.

[0054] Multi-stage plugging working fluid preparation: according to the leak rate, the plugging working fluid formula is optimized: water as the base, the following components are the percentage of water quality: 6% white clay + 5% (3-6mm) flexible material + 3% (7-9mm) flexible material + 5% (3-6mm) rigid material + 3% (7-9mm) rigid material + 5% (3-6mm) cementing material + 3% (7-9mm) cementing material, 3m³ of multi-stage plugging working fluid is prepared, and the time is 0.5h.

[0055] Test of plugging bypass system 14 that can be activated multiple times: connect the tool assembly, put in an opening valve ball 2, and the opening valve ball 2 is seated on the ball seat 4. Slowly open the pump, and the circulating pump pressure suddenly rises from 6MPa to 7MPa, and continues to open the pump, and decreases to 1MPa, while the downhole instrument has no signal, and it is judged that the bypass hole 11 is opened.

[0056] Annulus reverse squeezing process: ① Inject the prepared multi-stage leak sealing working fluid, use the original drilling fluid to displace all the leak sealing slurry out of the bypass hole 11 into the annulus, measure the reserved amount of leak sealing slurry entering the annulus 2.1 m³, and stop the pump after displacement.

[0057] ② Close the well packer, pass through the choke manifold / kill manifold, use the original drilling fluid to squeeze the leak sealing slurry above the leak layer from the annulus, the highest squeeze sealing pressure is 3.5 MPa, 2.0 m³ of leak sealing slurry is squeezed in, and the pressure is stabilized for 30 min to 3.5 MPa.

[0058] ③ After the squeeze sealing operation is completed, slowly release the pressure, open the pump for circulation, and observe the leakage amount, no leakage. Put in two valve closing balls 3, the valve closing ball 3 is located at the position of the bypass hole 11, after the pump is opened, the pump pressure rises to 14.5 MPa, the valve opening ball 2 and the valve closing ball 3 are squeezed into the ball basket 8 through pressure transmission, the pump pressure returns to 6 MPa, the instrument signal returns, it is judged that the bypass hole 11 is closed, the water eye in the drilling tool is unobstructed, the leak sealing operation is completed, and the inspection tool and the instrument are normal.

[0059] Field application The well X-35-65H drilled to 3200 m, the inclination is 75°, the leakage occurs, the leakage rate is 30-35 m³ / h, the drilling fluid density is 1.28 g / cm 3 , the viscosity is 47 S, the drilling displacement is 32 L / s, the normal circulating pump pressure is 16 MPa, and the drilling tool assembly is a non-drilling leak sealing drilling tool assembly.

[0060] The drilled layer position of the well is the extended group, liujia gully group and shihotz group, which are all easy to leak layer positions, it is difficult to determine the leak layer position, leak sealing method and construction technology after leakage occurs, it is decided to use the long open hole malignant leakage well non-drilling leak sealing integrated construction method and construction technology.

[0061] The leak layer identification system is used in three leak layers, the leak layer position is determined at a displacement of 10 L / s, and the data is shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2 Resisitivity data of leak layer identification system monitoring open hole well section

[0063] As can be seen from Table 2, the leakage position is in liujia gully group 2667-2668 m, and the total consumption of drilling fluid is 6.5 m³.

[0064] Multi-level matching plugging working fluid preparation: according to the measured leakage rate, the plugging working fluid formula is optimized: 5% clay + 5% (1-3mm) flexible material + 3% (3-6mm) flexible material + 5% (1-3mm) rigid material + 3% (3-6mm) rigid material + 5% (1-3mm) cementing material + 3% (7-9mm) cementing material. 30m3 of multi-level matching plugging working fluid is prepared, and the time is 2.5h.

[0065] The plugging bypass system 14 can be activated multiple times: put in an open valve ball 2, the open valve ball 2 is seated on the ball seat 4, slowly open the pump, the circulating pump pressure suddenly rises from 16MPa to 17.2MPa, continue to open the pump, and the pressure decreases to 6MPa, while the downhole instrument has no signal, it is judged that the bypass hole 11 is opened.

[0066] Inject the prepared multi-level matching plugging working fluid, close the well packer after the plugging working fluid is discharged from the bypass hole 11 (1m³), and use the residual plugging slurry in the tank + the original drilling fluid to inject the prepared plugging slurry into the leakage layer in 10 times, the highest squeeze sealing pressure is 4.5MPa, and the pressure is reduced to 3.0MPa after 30min of stable pressure.

[0067] After the squeeze sealing operation is completed, the well is opened, the pump is circulated and observed for 2 drilling fluid circulation weeks without leakage, two valve closing balls 3 are put in, the valve closing balls 3 are seated at the position of the bypass hole 11, the open valve ball 2 and the valve closing ball 3 are squeezed into the ball basket 8 through pressure transmission, the pump pressure is restored to 16MPa, the instrument signal is restored, it is judged that the bypass hole 11 is closed, the water eye in the drilling tool is unobstructed, the plugging operation is completed, and the drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the well to restore normal drilling.

[0068] The application has been applied to more than 20 wells, and the success rate of one-time plugging is as high as 92%, which greatly reduces the plugging time and cost of malignant leakage wells, and realizes safe and rapid drilling and completion.

[0069] The above examples are only illustrative of the application and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the application, and any design identical or similar to the application falls within the scope of protection of the application.

Claims

1. A method for integrated drilling, detection, and plugging of long, open-hole, severely lost-hole wells, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1) continue drilling for a single drill rod length after leakage, and measure the leakage rate, and then drill up to a safe well section; Step 2) determine the leakage position of the long open hole section through a leakage layer identification system; Step 3) prepare a multi-stage blocking fluid according to the leakage rate; Step 4) drill to the upper part of the leakage layer by 10-15 m, verify the well condition while drilling, open the blocking bypass system of the non-drilling blocking tool assembly after the wellbore is normal, and interrupt the drilling system; wherein the blocking bypass system can be activated multiple times; Step 5) inject the multi-stage blocking fluid for blocking operation; Step 6) after the blocking operation, pump circulation is started to observe the leakage amount; if there is no leakage, the blocking bypass system is closed and drilling is resumed; If there is still leakage, the above steps are continued according to the leakage rate.

2. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage layer identification system in step 2) comprises a downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter and a ground analysis system, the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter transmits pulses to the ground analysis system, and the ground analysis system is used to analyze resistivity data and determine the leakage position by comparing the differences on the resistivity curve.

3. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage blocking fluid in step 3) is composed of water, base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material; when the leakage rate is not greater than 10 m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 4%, 5%, 5% and 5% of the mass of water; When the leakage rate is 10-40 m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 5%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water; When the leakage rate is greater than 40 m³ / h, the mass of the base paste, fiber material, rigid material and gel material is 6%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the mass of water.

4. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking operation in step 5) is annular reverse squeezing process or direct squeezing process; The annular reverse squeezing process is: (1) inject the prepared multi-stage blocking fluid, use drilling fluid to replace the multi-stage blocking fluid out of the bypass hole of the blocking bypass system into the annulus, measure the reserved amount of the multi-stage blocking fluid into the annulus, and stop the pump after the measurement is completed; (2) close the shut-in device, use drilling fluid to squeeze the blocking fluid above the leakage layer through the choke manifold / kill manifold, and the squeezing pressure does not exceed 80% of the breakdown pressure; The direct squeezing process is: Inject the prepared multi-stage blocking fluid, close the shut-in device after 1 m³ of blocking fluid is discharged from the bypass hole, use drilling fluid to squeeze the blocking fluid into the leakage layer, and the squeezing pressure does not exceed 80% of the minimum value of the closing pressure of the bypass hole or the breakdown pressure.

5. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The non-drilling blocking tool assembly comprises a blocking bypass system and a drill pipe, the blocking bypass system is installed at the lower part of the drill pipe, and the downhole electromagnetic wave resistivity meter is installed at the upper part of the drill pipe.

6. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base paste is hydrated white clay, the fiber material comprises flexible fibers and rigid fibers, and the particle sizes of the fiber material and the rigid material are 1-3 mm, 4-6 mm and 7-9 mm.

7. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amount of the plugging material is based on the mass of water, when the leakage rate is not more than 10 m3 / h, 5% fiber material 1-3 mm + 5% rigid material 1-3 mm + 5% cementing material 1-3 mm; when the leakage rate is 10-40 m3 / h, 5% fiber material 1-3 mm + 3% fiber material 4-6 mm + 5% rigid material 1-3 mm + 3% rigid material 4-6 mm + 5% cementing material 1-3 mm + 3% cementing material 7-9 mm; when the leakage rate is more than 40 m3 / h, 5% fiber material 4-6 mm + 3% fiber material 7-9 mm + 5% rigid material 4-6 mm + 3% rigid material 7-9 mm + 5% cementing material 4-6 mm + 3% cementing material 7-9 mm.

8. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bypass system comprises a bypass assembly and a ball basket, the ball basket is arranged at the lower part of the bypass system, the bypass assembly comprises a body, an opening valve ball, a closing valve ball, a supporting spring, a bypass hole and a ball seat, the ball seat is arranged in the body, the bypass hole is arranged on the body, the supporting spring is arranged below the ball seat, the opening valve ball is a flexible ball, and the closing valve ball is a rigid ball.

9. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 8, characterized in that: The opening process of the bypass system is that one opening valve ball is put in and is seated on the ball seat, plugging slurry is pumped in, the supporting spring is lowered under pressure, the bypass hole is opened, the plugging slurry is injected from the bypass hole to the annulus, and plugging operation is performed; After the operation is completed, two closing valve balls are put in and are seated on the bypass hole, the opening valve ball and the two closing valve balls are squeezed into the ball basket through pressure transmission, the supporting spring is restored to normal, the bypass hole is closed, and normal drilling fluid circulation is restored.

10. The integrated construction method of the long open hole malignant leakage well without drilling and plugging according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for judging the opening of the bypass system is that 1) the pump pressure is lowered by 3-5 MPa; and 2) the measuring instrument has no signal, and the drilling fluid does not pass through the measuring instrument and circulates from the bypass system.

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