Compact broadband circular waveguide TE01 mode bending structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact broadband circular waveguide TE01 mode bending structure, and aims to solve the technical bottleneck of the existing circular waveguide TE01 mode bending structure in the aspects of bandwidth and structure compactness. The antenna is composed of two circular waveguide TE01 mode power dividers, two H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays and two H-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays. A multi-path rectangular waveguide TE10 mode is adopted as a middle transition mode, and the problem of mode competition caused by direct bending of an over-mode circular waveguide in a traditional bending structure is effectively solved. Meanwhile, the H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide phase compensation technology is utilized to ensure that the lengths of transmission paths of the rectangular waveguides between the two circular waveguide TE01 mode power dividers are kept consistent, so that the relative working bandwidth of which the transmission efficiency of a bent structure is greater than 98% is widened to be more than 40%; and the power capacity is improved to GW magnitude under a vacuum condition, and the distance between input / output ports is shortened to be within 6 times of the central wavelength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-power microwave transmission technology, specifically to a circular waveguide TE 01 Pattern bending structure. Background Technology

[0002] High-power microwaves (HPMs), as powerful electromagnetic pulses characterized by high peak power, high repetition rate, and short pulses, have significant applications in high-resolution radar, particle accelerators, directed energy weapons, and deep space exploration. In recent years, with the rapid development of engineering applications of HPM technology, miniaturization, compactness, frequency tuning, and bandwidth extension techniques for HPM systems have become the focus of current research in the HPM field. Among these, high-power microwave sources such as gyrotrons and traveling wave tubes commonly employ circular waveguides (TEBs). 01 The mode is used as the output mode. The electric field of this mode is symmetrically distributed in a circle, with the electric field direction along the angular axis of the circular waveguide and zero electric field on the waveguide wall, exhibiting the advantage of low ohmic loss at high frequencies. Therefore, the circular waveguide TE... 01 This mode is particularly suitable for long-distance microwave transmission. The curved structure of the circular waveguide can change the transmission direction of microwaves, which helps to achieve a reasonable layout in the HPM system and is one of the indispensable key components in the HPM transmission system. The transmission characteristics of the curved circular waveguide structure will also directly affect the performance indicators of the entire HPM system. Therefore, it is necessary to design a circular waveguide TE with a wide operating bandwidth, compact structure, and high conversion efficiency. 01 The curved structure is of great value in improving the overall performance of HPM systems.

[0003] In circular waveguide TE 01 In the mode-bent structure, both the input and output ports use overmode circular waveguides. If a bent circular waveguide is directly used for bending, it will excite the TE in the circular waveguide during the bending process. 11 TE 21 and TM 11 Parasitic patterns. These parasitic patterns will interact with the input TE. 01 Mode competition leads to reduced transmission efficiency in curved structures. To address this issue, Yuan Chengwei et al. from the National University of Defense Technology optimized the curvature radius of curved circular waveguides by calculating the mode coupling coefficients under different curvature radii based on mode coupling theory [Yuan Chengwei, Zhong Huihuang, Qian Baoliang. Design of High-Power Microwave Curved Circular Waveguides [J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2009, 21(2): 255-259]. Based on this method, they designed a circular waveguide TE with a center frequency of 35 GHz. 01Mode-bending structure. Although the transmission efficiency of this bending structure reaches 99.9% at the center frequency, the bending structure has the limitations of large bending radius of the circular waveguide (the spacing between the input / output ports is 249 times the center wavelength) and narrow operating bandwidth (the relative operating bandwidth with transmission efficiency greater than 95% is only 14.4%). To improve the operating bandwidth and structural compactness, the team of Luoyong of the University of Electronic Science and Technology proposed a method of changing the profile of the circular waveguide during the bending process to expand the TE 01 mode bandwidth of the mode-bending structure. They eliminated the degeneracy of TE 01 and TM 11 modes on the period average by adding extra harmonics on the profile of the circular waveguide, thereby effectively reducing the parasitic modes generated during the waveguide bending process and realizing wideband and efficient TE 01 mode turning transmission. Based on this principle, the research team designed an elliptical waveguide bend [Xiaoyi Liao, Zewei Wu, Jiangxun Wang, et al. Design of a TE 01 -Mode Waveguide Bend Based on an Elliptical Waveguide Structure[J]. IEEETransactions on Microwave Theory&Techniques, 2019, 67(3):906-914], a quadrupole waveguide bend [Youlei Pu, Zewei Wu, Xiaoyi Liao, et al. Theoretical and ExperimentalInvestigations on a Compact and Broadband TE 01 Oversized Deformed WaveguideBend[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory&Techniques, 2020, 68(4):1284-1292], and a hexapole waveguide bend [Ding Li, Zewei Wu, Xiaoyi Liao, et al. Investigation ofOversized Circular Waveguides With Deformed Cross Section for Gradual TE 01Mode Bends[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques, 2021, 69(7):3173-3183]’s ka-band circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Bends, respectively achieving 21.5%, 24.2% and 31.2% relative bandwidths (transmission efficiency greater than 95%), which significantly improves the bandwidth performance of TE 01 Mode Bends. However, in order to achieve a wider operating bandwidth, the transverse distance between the input / output ports of these bend structures needs to reach more than 40 times the operating wavelength, which is difficult to meet the compact application requirements of HPM transmission systems. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the technical bottlenecks of the existing circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Bends in terms of bandwidth and structural compactness, and to provide a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Bend with a relative operating bandwidth of more than 40%, a power capacity of more than GW level under vacuum conditions, and a spacing between input / output ports of less than 6 times the central wavelength.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is: The compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Bend of the present application is composed of two circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Dividers (i.e. a first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider and a second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider), two H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays (i.e. a first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array and a second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array), and two H-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays (i.e. a first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array and a second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array). The entire bend structure is made of metal material (preferably aluminum alloy). The circular waveguide port of the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider is defined as the input end of the present application, and the circular waveguide port of the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider is defined as the output end of the present application.

[0006] The first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider is composed of an input circular waveguide, a first grooved circular waveguide, a first regular N-prism (N≥4, and N is an even number), a first frustum matching structure, a first rectangular waveguide circumferential array, and a first E-plane bent waveguide array. The first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode Divider is mirror symmetric along the AA' plane and the BB' plane. The upper end of the input circular waveguide is the input end of the present application. The input circular waveguide has a radius of r 0, and a length ofl 0. To facilitate the connection with other waveguide components in the HPM transmission system, the radius of the input circular waveguide r 0 is equal to the actual radius of the connected external circular waveguide. The upper end of the input circular waveguide is used to receive the external input circular waveguide TE 01 mode microwave, and the lower end is connected with the upper end of the first slotted circular waveguide.

[0007] The first slotted circular waveguide is formed by machining N structurally identical grooves on the sidewall of a circular waveguide with a radius of r 0. The grooves are uniformly arranged along the central axis OO' in a circle, and each groove is composed of a sector-shaped tapered groove and a sector-shaped columnar groove. Take the kth groove as an example, 1≤k≤N. The sector-shaped tapered groove is composed of an upper sector-shaped tapered groove and a lower sector-shaped columnar groove. The bottom of the sector-shaped tapered groove is a sector formed by two straight line segments with a length of e 0 and a circular arc with a radius of r 0 and a central angle of α . The height of the sector-shaped tapered groove is l 1. The cross-sectional shape of the sector-shaped columnar groove is the same as that of the bottom of the sector-shaped tapered groove, and the height is l 2. The function of the N structurally identical grooves is to achieve impedance matching between the input circular waveguide and the circular waveguide, and to ensure smooth transition of the microwave during transmission. The lower end of the first slotted circular waveguide is connected with the upper end of the first regular N-prism.

[0008] The cross-section of the first regular N-prism is a regular N-polygon with a side length of b 0, and the height is a 0, a 0> b 0. The N side faces of the first regular N-prism are connected with the N first rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array. To achieve efficient transmission of microwave energy to the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array, a first conical frustum matching structure is coaxially embedded at the bottom of the first regular N-prism. After embedding the matching structure, the first regular N-prism is located above the first conical frustum matching structure. The first conical frustum matching structure is formed by cascading three layers of impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a first cylindrical impedance matching structure, the middle layer is a circular frustum impedance matching structure, and the lower layer is a second cylindrical impedance matching structure. The cross-sectional radius of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure is r 1, and the height is h1. The bottom cross-sectional radius of the circular frustum impedance matching structure is r 2, the top cross-sectional radius is equal to r 1, and the height is h 2. The cross-sectional radius of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure is r 3, and the height is h 3, r 3> r 2> r1. The lower end of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure is connected to the upper end of the circular truncated cone impedance matching structure, and the lower end of the circular truncated cone impedance matching structure is connected to the upper end of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure. Compared with the traditional cylindrical matching structure, the multi-layer cascaded matching structure can effectively broaden the working bandwidth of the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider.

[0009] The first rectangular waveguide circumferential array is composed of N first rectangular waveguides with the same structure, which are uniformly arranged along the central axis OO' in a circumferential direction. The N first rectangular waveguides have the same size, and the width of the cross section is equal to a 0, and the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, and the length is l 3. The inner side (close to the central axis OO') end face of each first rectangular waveguide in the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array is connected to one side of the first N-prism. The first E-face curved waveguide array is composed of N first E-face curved waveguides. The array is mirror symmetric along the AA ' plane and the BB ' plane. The inner side end face of each first E-face curved waveguide in the first E-face curved waveguide array is connected to the outer side (far from the central axis OO') end face of the N first rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array, i.e. the inner side end face of the kth first E-face curved waveguide is connected to the outer side end face of the kth first rectangular waveguide. The bending radius of the N first E-face curved waveguides in the first E-face curved waveguide array is e r , and the bending angle of the kth first E-face curved waveguide in the N first E-face curved waveguides is calculated by formula (1) or formula (2): When n is even, : (1) When is odd: (2) After the N first E-face curved waveguides in the first E-face curved waveguide array are bent according to the bending angle calculated by formula (1) or formula (2), their outer side end faces will be parallel to the BB' plane, wherein the outer side end faces of the first E-face curved waveguides on the left side of the first E-face curved waveguide array are respectively connected to the input ports of the second rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide array of the first H-face U-shaped folded waveguide array; the outer side end faces of the first E-face curved waveguides on the right side of the first E-face curved waveguide array are respectively connected to the input ports of the tenth rectangular waveguides of the fourth rectangular waveguide array of the second H-face rectangular curved waveguide array.

[0010] The first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider has the function of dividing the TE 01Mode microwave high-efficiency conversion into N-path rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode. Thus, the complex overmoded circular waveguide bending problem is converted into the N-path single-mode rectangular waveguide bending problem, which fundamentally eliminates the mode competition problem existing in the traditional overmoded circular waveguide bending process.

[0011] The first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array is composed of a first rectangular waveguide array, a first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array, and a second rectangular waveguide array. The first rectangular waveguide array contains n second rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, and the cross-sectional dimensions of these second rectangular waveguides are the same (the length of the wide side is equal to a 0, and the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), and the lengths are d 1, d 2,…, d k' ,…, d n The input ports of the n second rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports (outer end face) of the n first E-plane bent waveguides on the left side of the first E-plane bent waveguide array, and the output ports are respectively connected to the n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array.

[0012] The first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array is composed of n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides arranged in parallel and having the same structure. Taking the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide as an example, it is composed of a fourth rectangular waveguide, a first corner-cut matching structure, a fifth rectangular waveguide, a second corner-cut matching structure, and a sixth rectangular waveguide. The k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide is mirror-symmetric along the CC' plane. The right port of the fourth rectangular waveguide is the microwave input port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide, and the right port of the sixth rectangular waveguide is the microwave output port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide. The fourth rectangular waveguide and the sixth rectangular waveguide have the same structure, and the wide side length of their cross sections is equal to a 0, the narrow side length is equal to b 0, and the length is l 4. The fifth rectangular waveguide is used to connect the fourth rectangular waveguide and the sixth rectangular waveguide, and the wide side length of its cross section is equal to a 0, the narrow side length is equal to b 0, and the length is a 2 H 0+ H , where d is the distance between the fourth rectangular waveguide and the sixth rectangular waveguide. To improve the microwave transmission efficiency, two symmetrically designed corner impedance matching structures (i.e., the first corner impedance matching structure and the second corner impedance matching structure) are designed on the upper and lower ends of the fifth rectangular waveguide. Taking the second corner impedance matching structure as an example, the matching structure is also composed of three layers of impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a first corner impedance matching structure with a width of w1, length is h 4, thickness is equal to b 0 rectangular groove; the middle is a height of e 1, the bottom side length is e 2, thickness is equal to b 0 right-angled triangular groove; the lower layer is a width of w 2, length is h 5, thickness is equal to b 0 rectangular groove. This multi-layer cascaded impedance matching structure can effectively reduce the reflection loss at the rectangular waveguide connection, and significantly improve the transmission efficiency of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide. The n input ports of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports of the n second rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide array, and the output ports are respectively connected to the n input ports of the third rectangular waveguides of the second rectangular waveguide array.

[0013] The second rectangular waveguide array also includes n third rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, and the cross-sectional dimensions of these rectangular waveguides are the same (the wide side length is equal to a 0, and the narrow side length is equal to b 0), and the lengths are respectively q 1, q 2, …, q k' …, q n In terms of structure connection, the n input ports of the third rectangular waveguides of the second rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports below the n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array, and the output ports are respectively connected to the input ports of the n first rectangular bent waveguides of the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array.

[0014] The main function of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array is to realize phase compensation and bandwidth expansion. By adjusting the lengths of the rectangular waveguides in the first rectangular waveguide array and the second rectangular waveguide array, the transmission path lengths of each rectangular waveguide path between the left side of the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider and the lower side of the second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider are compensated, so that their transmission path lengths remain consistent, thereby significantly improving the operating bandwidth of the entire curved structure.

[0015] The first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array is composed of a first rectangular bent waveguide array and a third rectangular waveguide array. The first rectangular bent waveguide array is composed of n first rectangular bent waveguides arranged in parallel and having the same structure. Taking the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide as an example, the first rectangular bent waveguide is composed of a seventh rectangular waveguide and an eighth rectangular waveguide that are arranged at an angle of β . The seventh rectangular waveguide and the eighth rectangular waveguide have the same structure, and the wide side length is equal toa 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, all lengths are l 5+ a 0, l 5 represents the distance between the seventh and ninth rectangular waveguides. To improve microwave transmission efficiency, a third chamfered impedance matching structure is designed at the bottom intersection of the seventh and eighth rectangular waveguides. This matching structure also consists of three cascaded impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a width of... w 4, length is h 7. Thickness equals b A rectangular slot with a length of 0; the middle one is the right side with a length of 0. e 4, the base side length is e 3, the included angle is β Thickness equals b The first layer is a triangular groove with a width of 0; the second layer is a triangular groove with a width of 0. w 3, length is h 6, thickness equals b A rectangular slot of 0. The input ports on the left side of the n first rectangular curved waveguides of the first rectangular curved waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports of the n corresponding numbered third rectangular waveguides of the second rectangular waveguide array. The output ports above the n first rectangular curved waveguides of the first rectangular curved waveguide array are respectively connected to the input ports below the n ninth rectangular waveguides of the third rectangular waveguide array.

[0016] The third rectangular waveguide array also contains n parallel ninth rectangular waveguides, all of which have the same cross-sectional dimensions (the length of the wider side is equal to...). a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), with lengths respectively p 1, p 2,…, p k' ,…, p n The input ports below the n ninth rectangular waveguides of the third rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports above the n first rectangular curved waveguides of the first rectangular curved waveguide array. The output ports above the n ninth rectangular waveguides of the third rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the second circular waveguide TE. 01 The n second E-plane curved waveguide input ports below the second E-plane curved waveguide array of the mode power divider are connected.

[0017] The second H-plane rectangular bend waveguide array consists of a fourth rectangular waveguide array and a second rectangular bend waveguide array. The fourth rectangular waveguide array contains n parallel tenth rectangular waveguides, all of which have the same cross-sectional dimensions (the length of their widest side is equal to...). a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), with lengths respectively s1, s 2,…, s k' ,…, s n In terms of structural connection, the input ports on the left side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides of the fourth rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports of the n first E-plane bent waveguides on the right side of the first E-plane bent waveguide array, and the output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides of the fourth rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the input ports on the left side of the n second rectangular bent waveguides of the second rectangular bent waveguide array.

[0018] The second rectangular bent waveguide array has the same structural size as the first rectangular bent waveguide array and is also composed of n second rectangular bent waveguides with the same structure. The input ports on the left side of the n second rectangular bent waveguides of the second rectangular bent waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides of the fourth rectangular waveguide array, and the output ports above them are respectively connected to the input ports below the n eleventh rectangular waveguides of the fifth rectangular waveguide array of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array.

[0019] The main function of the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array is to realize the bending function of the circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure, and the included angle between the axis directions of the input circular waveguide and the output circular waveguide is equal to β , which can be set according to the spatial layout requirements in specific engineering applications. This customizable arbitrary angle bending feature can significantly improve the flexibility of the layout of the microwave transmission system.

[0020] Similar to the composition of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array is composed of a fifth rectangular waveguide array, a second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array, and a sixth rectangular waveguide array. Among them, the fifth rectangular waveguide array contains n eleventh rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel. The cross-sectional dimensions of these rectangular waveguides are the same (the length of the wide side is equal to a 0, and the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), and the lengths are respectively c 1, c 2,…, c k' ,…, c nThe second H-plane U-shaped waveguide array consists of n parallel, identically structured second H-plane U-shaped waveguides. The structural dimensions of these n second H-plane U-shaped waveguides are identical to the k'-th first H-plane U-shaped waveguide of the first H-plane U-shaped waveguide array. The input ports below the n tenth rectangular waveguides of the fifth rectangular waveguide array are connected to the output ports above the n second rectangular waveguides of the second rectangular waveguide array. The output ports above the output ports are connected to the lower left input ports of the n second H-plane U-shaped waveguides of the second H-plane U-shaped waveguide array. The lower left input ports of the n second H-plane U-shaped waveguides of the second H-plane U-shaped waveguide array are connected to the output ports above the n eleventh rectangular waveguides of the fifth rectangular waveguide array. The lower right output ports are connected to the input ports above the n twelfth rectangular waveguides of the sixth rectangular waveguide array.

[0021] The sixth rectangular waveguide array contains n parallel twelfth rectangular waveguides, all of which have the same cross-sectional dimensions (width equal to the length of the widest side). a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), with lengths respectively g 1, g 2,…, g k' ,…, g n In terms of structural connections, the input ports above the n twelfth rectangular waveguides of the sixth rectangular waveguide array are respectively connected to the lower right output ports of the n second H-plane U-shaped bend waveguides of the second H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide array, and the output ports below are respectively connected to the second circular waveguide TE. 01 The n second E-plane curved waveguide input ports above the second E-plane curved waveguide array of the mode power divider are connected.

[0022] Similar to the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array also serves to provide phase compensation and bandwidth extension. By adjusting the lengths of the rectangular waveguides in the fifth and sixth rectangular waveguide arrays, the TE of the first circular waveguide can be adjusted. 01 The right side of the mode power divider and the second circular waveguide TE 01 Each rectangular waveguide above the mode power divider undergoes path and phase compensation to ensure consistent transmission path lengths, thereby significantly improving the overall operating bandwidth performance of the curved structure.

[0023] Second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider and first waveguide TE 01The mode power dividers have identical structural dimensions and consist of an output circular waveguide, a second slotted circular waveguide, a second regular N-prism, a second frustum-shaped matching structure, a second rectangular waveguide circular array, and a second E-plane curved waveguide array. The n input ports of the second E-plane curved waveguide array below the second E-plane curved waveguide array are connected to the output ports above the n ninth rectangular waveguides of the third rectangular waveguide array. The n input ports of the second E-plane curved waveguide array above the second E-plane curved waveguide array are respectively connected to the output ports below the n twelfth rectangular waveguides of the sixth rectangular waveguide array. The second circular waveguide TE 01 The main function of the mode power divider is to convert the input N rectangular waveguide TE... 10 High-efficiency mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 Mode output.

[0024] This invention features a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 The working principle of the mode bending structure is: the first circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider will input the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode is converted to an N-way rectangular waveguide TE with symmetrical left and right sides. 10 The pattern is described. Through the coordinated operation of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array, the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array, and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array, the curved transmission of n rectangular waveguides on both sides is achieved and connected to the second circular waveguide TE. 01 Mode power divider. The key is to ensure the first circular waveguide TE is achieved by adjusting the lengths of the rectangular waveguides in the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array. 01 Mode power divider and second circular waveguide TE 01 The microwave transmission path lengths of the N rectangular waveguides between the mode power dividers are kept consistent, ensuring that the input to the second circular waveguide TE is consistent. 01 N-channel rectangular waveguide TE mode power divider 10 The modes can be resynthesized into circular waveguide TE. 01 Mode output, ultimately realizing circular waveguide TE 01 High-efficiency transmission of curved patterns.

[0025] The compact broadband circular waveguide TE according to the present invention 01 Composition of mode bending structure, compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 The parameters of the mode bending structure satisfy: For the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider and second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider, N≥4, and N is an even number. Compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01The power capacity, working bandwidth and compactness of the mode bending structure are related to the value of N. The greater the value of N, the higher the power capacity and the wider the working bandwidth, but the transverse size and axial length of the circular waveguide also increase, resulting in reduced compactness. Therefore, in actual design of the bending structure, the power capacity, working bandwidth and compactness need to be comprehensively weighed.

[0026] Under the conditions of satisfying r 0>0, l 0>0, l 1>0, l 2>0, l 3>0, a 0> b 0>0, r 3> r 2> r 1, h 1>0, h 2>0, h 3>0, e r >0, e 0>0, α >0, and formulas (1) and (2), the first circular waveguide TE 01 The working frequency band range in which the reflection coefficient of the mode power divider is less than -25 dB covers the microwave working frequency band, and the parameters r 0, l 0, l 1, l 2, l 3, a 0, b 0, r 3, r 2, r 1, h 1, h 2, h 3, e r , e 0, α are obtained by optimization. For the first H-plane U-shaped bending waveguide 22k', under the conditions of satisfying l 4>0, H >0, e 1>0, e 2>0, h 4>0, h 5>0, w 1>0, w2>0, the reflection coefficient of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide 221 is less than -25 dB in the working frequency band range covering the microwave working frequency band, and the parameters are obtained by optimization l 4, H , e 1, e 2, h 4, h 5, w 1, w 2, The exact value of the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide is β The bending angle of the circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure is set in advance according to actual needs, and the electromagnetic simulation software CST Studio Suit 2014 and above versions are used to meet l 5>0, e 3>0, e 4>0, h 6>0, h 7>0, w 3>0, w 4>0, the reflection coefficient of the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide is less than -25 dB in the working frequency band range covering the microwave working frequency band, and the parameters are obtained by optimization l 5, e 3, e 4, h 6, h 7, w 3, w 4, The exact value of the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide is 01 mode power divider (i.e. the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider and the second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider), two H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays (i.e. the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array), two H-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays (i.e. the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array) are connected and assembled. In the assembly process, the key size parameters in each rectangular waveguide array are adjusted d 1, d 2, …, d k' , d n ; q 1, q 2, …, q k' , q n ; p 1, p 2, …, pk' ,…, p n ; s 1, s 2,…, s k' ,…, s n ; c 1, c 2,…, c k' ,…, c n ; g 1, g 2,…, g k' ,…, g n ), ensuring the two circular waveguides TE 01 The microwave transmission path lengths of the N rectangular waveguides between the mode power dividers are kept consistent, ultimately forming a circular waveguide TE. 01 Pattern bending structure.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) This invention employs a multi-path rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode as a circular waveguide TE 01 Intermediate transition modes of the mode-bending structure, via circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider implements input TE 01 Mode-oriented multi-path rectangular waveguide TE 10 Highly efficient mode switching. This design effectively solves the mode competition problem caused by the direct bending of the overmode circular waveguide in traditional curved waveguide structures, thereby significantly improving the transmission efficiency of the curved structure to over 98%.

[0028] (2) This invention employs H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide phase compensation technology. By adjusting the length of each rectangular waveguide in the H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array, the phase compensation of the two circular waveguides is ensured. 01 The length of each rectangular waveguide transmission path between the mode power dividers remains consistent. This method not only effectively widens the operating bandwidth of the curved structure (relative operating bandwidth greater than 40%), but also significantly reduces the lateral distance between the input / output ports, making the spacing between the input / output ports less than 6 times the center wavelength, thus improving the compactness of the curved structure.

[0029] (3) The present invention is made of metal materials and no dielectric material is added inside the waveguide. It has a high power capacity, and the power capacity under vacuum conditions exceeds the GW level. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1Structure diagram of first circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure; Figure 2 For Figure 1 first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 1; Figure 2 (a) is the left side view three-dimensional view of first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 1, Figure 2 (b) is the bottom view three-dimensional view of first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 1, Figure 2 (c) is the section view along AA' plane of first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 1, Figure 2 (d) is the bottom view of first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 1; Figure 3 For Figure 1 structure diagram of first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2; Figure 3 (a) is the three-dimensional view of first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2, Figure 3 (b) is the three-dimensional view of first H-plane U-shaped bending waveguide 22k' in first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2; Figure 4 For Figure 1 structure diagram of first H-plane rectangular bending waveguide array 3; Figure 4 (a) is the three-dimensional view of first H-plane rectangular bending waveguide array 3, Figure 4 (b) is the three-dimensional view of first rectangular bending waveguide 31k' in first H-plane rectangular bending waveguide array 3; Figure 5 For Figure 1 structure diagram of second H-plane rectangular bending waveguide array 4; Figure 6 For Figure 1 structure diagram of second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5; Figure 6 (a) is the left side view three-dimensional view of second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5, Figure 6 (b) is the right side view three-dimensional view of second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5; Figure 7 For Figure 1 structure diagram of second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider 2; Figure 8 S parameter simulation result of bending structure of embodiment of the application; Figure 9 Electric field distribution simulation result of embodiment of the application at frequency of 9.96GHz. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 The mode bending structure consists of two circular waveguides TE 01 Mode power divider (i.e., first circular waveguide TE) 01 Mode power divider 1 and second circular waveguide TE 01 The system consists of a mode power divider (6), two H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays (i.e., the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2 and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5), and two H-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays (i.e., the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 3 and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 4). All components of the entire bent structure are made of metallic materials (preferably aluminum alloy). The first circular waveguide TE is defined. 01 The circular waveguide port of mode power divider 1 is the input terminal of this invention, and the second circular waveguide TE 01 The circular waveguide port of the mode power divider 6 is the output terminal of this invention.

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 First circular waveguide TE 01 A schematic diagram of the structure of mode power divider 1. Figure 2 (a) is the first circular waveguide TE 01 A three-dimensional view from the left side of mode power divider 1. Figure 2 (b) is the first circular waveguide TE 01 A 3D view of the bottom of the mode power divider 1. Figure 2 (c) represents the first circular waveguide TE 01 A cross-sectional view of mode power divider 1 along the AA' plane. Figure 2 (d) represents the first circular waveguide TE. 01 Bottom view of Mode Power Divider 1. (Combined) Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b) First circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider 1 consists of an input circular waveguide 11, a first slotted circular waveguide 12, a first regular N-prism 13 (N≥4, and N is an even number), a first frustum matching structure 14, a first rectangular waveguide circumferential array 15, and a first E-plane curved waveguide array 16. The first circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider 1 is mirror-symmetric along the AA' and BB' planes, respectively. Combined Figure 2 (c) The upper end of the input circular waveguide 11 is the input terminal of this invention. The input circular waveguide 11 has a radius of... r 0, length is lA cylindrical shape with a radius of 0. To facilitate connection with other waveguide components in the HPM transmission system, the input circular waveguide has a radius of 11. r 0 equals the actual radius of the connected external circular waveguide. The upper end of the input circular waveguide 11 is used to receive the external input circular waveguide TE. 01 The lower end of the microwave mode is connected to the upper end of the first slotted circular waveguide 12.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the first slotted circular waveguide 12 passes through a radius of... r N identical grooves are formed on the sidewall of a circular waveguide 12(N+1). These grooves are evenly arranged circumferentially along the central axis OO' and are numbered sequentially as 121, 122, ..., 12k, ..., 12N, where 1 ≤ k ≤ N. Each groove consists of two parts: a sector-shaped conical groove and a sector-shaped cylindrical groove. Taking the k-th groove 12k as an example, it consists of an upper sector-shaped conical groove 12k1 and a lower sector-shaped cylindrical groove 12k2. Figure 2 As shown in (a). Combined with Figure 2 (d) The bottom of the fan-shaped conical groove 12k1 is composed of two lines with a length of e A straight line segment with radius 0 and a segment with radius 0 r 0. The central angle is α The sector is formed by the combined arcs. The height of the sector-shaped conical groove 12k1 is... l 1 (see) Figure 2 (c) The cross-sectional shape of the sector-shaped columnar groove 12k2 is the same as the bottom shape of the sector-shaped conical groove 12k1, and its height is... l 2. The function of the N identical grooves is to achieve impedance matching between the input circular waveguide 11 and the circular waveguide 12 (N+1), ensuring a smooth transition of microwaves during transmission. The lower end of the first grooved circular waveguide 12 is connected to the upper end of the first regular N-prism 13.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown in (d), the cross-section of the first regular N-prism 13 has a side length of... b A regular N-gon with height 0 and a height of 0. a 0, a 0> b 0. The N lateral faces of the first regular N-prism 13 are respectively connected to the N first rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide circular array 15. For example... Figure 2As shown in (c), to achieve efficient transmission of microwave energy to the first rectangular waveguide circular array 15, a first frustum-shaped matching structure 14 is coaxially embedded at the bottom of the first regular N-prism 13. After embedding this matching structure, the first regular N-prism 13 is located above the first frustum-shaped matching structure 14. The first frustum-shaped matching structure 14 is composed of three cascaded impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is the first cylindrical impedance matching structure 141, the middle layer is the frustum-shaped impedance matching structure 142, and the lower layer is the second cylindrical impedance matching structure 143. The cross-sectional radius of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure 141 is... r 1. The height is h1. The bottom cross-sectional radius of the frustum impedance matching structure 142 is... r 2, the top cross-sectional radius is equal to r 1, height is h 2. The cross-sectional radius of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure 143 is... r 3, height is h 3, r 3> r 2> r 1. The lower end of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure 141 is connected to the upper end of the frustum impedance matching structure 142, and the lower end of the frustum impedance matching structure 142 is connected to the upper end of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure 143. Compared with the traditional cylindrical matching structure, this multi-layer cascaded matching structure can effectively widen the first circular waveguide TE. 01 The operating bandwidth of mode power divider 1.

[0036] The first rectangular waveguide circular array 15 consists of N identical first rectangular waveguides, which are uniformly arranged in a circle along the central axis OO' and numbered sequentially as 151, 152, ..., 15k, ..., 15N. These N first rectangular waveguides have the same dimensions, and the width of their cross-section is equal to... a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, length is l 3. In the first rectangular waveguide circular array 15, the inner side (near the central axis OO') of each first rectangular waveguide is connected to one side of the first regular N-prism 13. The first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 consists of N first E-plane curved waveguides, numbered 161, 162, ..., 16k, 16N. This array is along... AA 'Plane mirror symmetry, also along BB 'Planar mirror symmetry. The inner end face of each of the first E-plane curved waveguides in the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 is connected to the outer end face (away from the central axis OO') of the N first rectangular waveguides in the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array 15, and the inner end face of the first E-plane curved waveguide 16k is connected to the outer end face of the first rectangular waveguide 15k. The bending radius of the N first E-plane curved waveguides in the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 is all...' er The bending angle of the k-th first E-plane curved waveguide among N first E-plane curved waveguides is 16k. Calculated using formula (1) or formula (2). After the N first E-plane curved waveguides of the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 are bent according to the bending angle calculated by formula (1) or formula (2), their outer end faces will all be parallel to the BB' plane. Among them, the outer end faces of the first E-plane curved waveguides (labeled as 161, 162, ..., 16k', ..., 16n, 1≤k'≤n) on the left side of the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 are respectively connected to the second rectangular waveguide (labeled as ...) of the first rectangular waveguide array 21 of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2. The input ports of the first E-plane curved waveguide (labeled as 16(n+1), 16(n+2), ..., 16k'', ..., 16N, n+1≤k''≤N) on the right side of the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16 are connected to the input ports of the tenth rectangular waveguide (labeled as 411, 412, ..., 41k', ..., 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array 41 of the second H-plane rectangular curved waveguide array 4.

[0037] First circular waveguide TE 01 The function of mode power divider 1 is to convert the TE input to circular waveguide 11 into power. 01 High-efficiency conversion of mode microwave to N-way rectangular waveguide TE 10 This transforms the complex bending problem of overmode circular waveguides into a bending problem of N-channel single-mode rectangular waveguides, fundamentally eliminating the mode competition problem present in the traditional bending process of overmode circular waveguides.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2. Figure 3 (a) is a three-dimensional view of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2. Figure 3 (b) is a three-dimensional view of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide 221 in the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2. Figure 1 As shown, the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2 consists of a first rectangular waveguide array 21, a first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array 22, and a second rectangular waveguide array 23. Figure 3 As shown in (a), the first rectangular waveguide array 21 contains n parallel second rectangular waveguides, labeled 211, 212, ..., 21k', ..., 21n (1 ≤ k' ≤ n). These second rectangular waveguides have the same cross-sectional dimensions (the length of the wider side is equal to...). a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), with lengths respectively d 1, d 2,…, dk' ,…, d n The input ports of the n second rectangular waveguides (labeled 211, 212, ..., 21k', ..., 21n) of the first rectangular waveguide array 21 are respectively connected to the output ports (outer end faces) of the n first E-plane curved waveguides (labeled 161, 162, ..., 16k', ..., 16n) on the left side of the first E-plane curved waveguide array 16. The output ports are respectively connected to the input ports above the n first H-plane U-shaped curved waveguides (labeled 221, 222, ..., 22k', ..., 22n) of the first H-plane U-shaped curved waveguide array 22.

[0039] The first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide array 22 consists of n parallel U-shaped bend waveguides with identical structures (labeled sequentially as 221, 222, ..., 22k', ..., 22n). Combined with... Figure 3 (b) Taking the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide 22k' as an example, it is composed of a fourth rectangular waveguide 22k'1, a first chamfered matching structure 22k'2, a fifth rectangular waveguide 22k'3, a second chamfered matching structure 22k'4, and a sixth rectangular waveguide 22k'5. The k'th first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide 22k' is mirror-symmetrical along the CC' plane. The right port of the fourth rectangular waveguide 22k'1 is the microwave input port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide 22k', and the right port of the sixth rectangular waveguide 22k'5 is the microwave output port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide 22k'. The fourth rectangular waveguide 22k'1 and the sixth rectangular waveguide 22k'5 have the same structural dimensions, and the length of the wide side of their cross-sections is equal to... a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, all lengths are l 4. The fifth rectangular waveguide 22k'3 is used to connect the fourth rectangular waveguide 22k'1 and the sixth rectangular waveguide 22k'5. The length of the wider side of its cross-section is equal to... a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, length is 2 a 0+ H , H This is the distance between the fourth rectangular waveguide 22k'1 and the sixth rectangular waveguide 22k'5. To improve microwave transmission efficiency, two identical chamfered impedance matching structures are symmetrically designed at the top and bottom of the fifth rectangular waveguide 22k'3, namely the first chamfered impedance matching structure 22k'2 and the second chamfered impedance matching structure 22k'4. Taking the second chamfered impedance matching structure 22k'4 as an example, this matching structure also consists of three cascaded impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a width of... w 1, length is h 4. Thickness equals b A rectangular slot with a height of 0; the middle part is a rectangular slot with a height of 0. e1. The length of the base side is e 2, thickness equals b A right-angled triangular groove with a width of 0; the lower layer is a right-angled triangular groove with a width of 0. w 2, length is h 5. Thickness equals b A rectangular slot with a radius of 0. This multi-layered cascaded impedance matching structure effectively reduces the reflection loss at the rectangular waveguide connection and significantly improves the transmission efficiency of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide 22k'. The input ports of the n first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguides (labeled 221, 222, ..., 22k', ..., 22n) of the first H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide array 22 are respectively connected to the output ports of the n second rectangular waveguides (labeled 211, 212, ..., 21k', ..., 21n) of the first rectangular waveguide array 21, and the output ports are respectively connected to the input ports of the n third rectangular waveguides (labeled 231, 232, ..., 23k', ..., 23n) of the second rectangular waveguide array 23.

[0040] The second rectangular waveguide array 23 also contains n parallel third rectangular waveguides, labeled 231, 232, ..., 23k', ..., 23n. These rectangular waveguides have the same cross-sectional dimensions (the length of the wider side is equal to...). a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), with lengths respectively q 1, q 2,…, q k' ,…, q n The input ports of the n third rectangular waveguides (labeled 231, 232, ..., 23k', ..., 23n) of the second rectangular waveguide array 23 are respectively connected to the output ports below the n first H-plane U-shaped waveguides (labeled 221, 222, ..., 22k', ..., 22n) of the first H-plane U-shaped waveguide array 22, and the output ports are respectively connected to the input ports of the n first rectangular waveguides (labeled 311, 312, ..., 31k', ..., 31n) of the first H-plane rectangular waveguide array 3.

[0041] The main function of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2 is to achieve phase compensation and bandwidth extension. By adjusting the lengths of each rectangular waveguide in the first rectangular waveguide array 21 and the second rectangular waveguide array 23, the first circular waveguide TE... 01 The left side of mode power divider 1 and the second circular waveguide TE 01 The rectangular waveguide paths and phases between the mode power dividers 6 are compensated to keep their transmission path lengths consistent, thereby significantly improving the operating bandwidth of the entire curved structure.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 3 is composed of a first rectangular bent waveguide array 31 and a third rectangular waveguide array 32. The first rectangular bent waveguide array 31 is composed of n first rectangular bent waveguides arranged in parallel and having the same structure, and the labels are 311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n (1≤k'≤n) in turn. Taking the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide 31k' as an example, the first rectangular bent waveguide is composed of a seventh rectangular waveguide 31k'1 and an eighth rectangular waveguide 31k'3 at a specific angle β oblique to each other. The seventh rectangular waveguide 31k'1 and the eighth rectangular waveguide 31k'3 have the same structure size, and the wide side length is equal to a 0, the narrow side length is equal to b 0, and the length is l 5+ a 0, l 5 is the distance between the seventh rectangular waveguide 31k'1 and the ninth rectangular waveguide 32k'. In order to improve the microwave transmission efficiency, a third corner impedance matching structure 31k'2 is designed at the bottom of the seventh rectangular waveguide 31k'1 and the eighth rectangular waveguide 31k'3. The matching structure is also composed of three layers of impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a rectangular groove with a width of w 4, a length of h 7, and a thickness of b 0; the middle layer is a triangular groove with a right side length of e 4, a bottom length of e 3, an included angle of β , and a thickness of b 0; and the lower layer is a rectangular groove with a width of w 3, a length of h 6, and a thickness of b 0. The input ports on the left side of the n first rectangular bent waveguides (labeled as 311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array 31 are connected to the output ports of the corresponding numbered n third rectangular waveguides (labeled as 231, 232, …, 23k', …, 23n) of the second rectangular waveguide array 23, and the output ports above the n first rectangular bent waveguides (labeled as 311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array 31 are connected to the input ports below the n ninth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) of the third rectangular waveguide array 32.

[0043] The third rectangular waveguide array 32 also contains n ninth rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, and the labels are 321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n in turn. The cross-sectional dimensions of these ninth rectangular waveguides are the same (the wide side length is equal to a 0, the narrow side length is equal to b0), length respectively p 1, p 2,…, p k' ,…, p n The input ports below the n ninth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) of the third rectangular waveguide array 32 are respectively connected to the output ports above the n first rectangular bent waveguides (labeled as 311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array 31, and the output ports above the n ninth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) of the third rectangular waveguide array 32 are respectively connected to the input ports below the n second circular waveguides TE 01 mode power dividers 6 (see Figure 1 ).

[0044] As shown in Figure 5 , the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 4 is composed of a fourth rectangular waveguide array 41 and a second rectangular bent waveguide array 42. The fourth rectangular waveguide array 41 contains n tenth rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, labeled as 411, 412, …, 41k', …, 41n (1≤k'≤n). The cross-sectional dimensions of these tenth rectangular waveguides are the same (the wide side length is equal to a 0, and the narrow side length is equal to b 0), and the lengths are respectively s 1, s 2,…, s k' ,…, s n The input ports on the left side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 411, 412, …, 41k', …, 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array 41 are respectively connected to the output ports of the right side n first E-plane bent waveguides (labeled as 16(n+1), 16(n+2), …, 16k'', …, 16N) (n+1≤k''≤N) in the first E-plane bent waveguide array 16, and the output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 411, 412, …, 41k', …, 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array 41 are respectively connected to the input ports on the left side of the n second rectangular bent waveguides (labeled as 421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) (1≤k'≤n) of the second rectangular bent waveguide array 42.

[0045] The second rectangular bent waveguide array 42 has the same structure size as the first rectangular bent waveguide array 31, and also consists of n second rectangular bent waveguides with the same structure, and the labels are 421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n (1≤k≤n) in turn. The input ports on the left side of the n second rectangular bent waveguides (421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) of the second rectangular bent waveguide array 42 are connected to the output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, …, 41k', …, 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array 41, and the output ports above are connected to the input ports below of the n eleventh rectangular waveguides (511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) (1≤k'≤n) of the fifth rectangular waveguide array 51 of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 in turn (see Figure 1 ).

[0046] The main function of the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 3 and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array 4 is to realize the bending function of the circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure, and the included angle between the axis directions of the input circular waveguide 11 and the output circular waveguide 61 is equal to β , which can be set according to the space layout requirements in specific engineering applications. This customizable arbitrary angle bending characteristic can significantly improve the flexibility of the layout of the microwave transmission system.

[0047] Figure 6 For Figure 1 the structure of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5. Figure 6 (a) is a left side view three-dimensional view of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5, Figure 6 (b) is a right side view three-dimensional view of the H-plane U-shaped waveguide 521 in the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5. As Figure 6 shown, similar to the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 is composed of a fifth rectangular waveguide array 51, a second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array 52 and a sixth rectangular waveguide array 53. Among them, the fifth rectangular waveguide array 51 contains n eleventh rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, and the labels are 511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n (1≤k'≤n) in turn. The cross-sectional dimensions of these rectangular waveguides are the same (the length of the wide side is equal to a 0, and the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), and the lengths are c 1, c 2, …, c k' , c nThe second H-plane U-bend waveguide array 52 is composed of n second H-plane U-bend waveguides arranged in parallel and having the same structure, and the labels are 521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n in turn. The structural dimensions of the n second H-plane U-bend waveguides are the same as those of the k'th first H-plane U-bend waveguide 22k' of the first H-plane U-bend waveguide array 22. The input ports below the n tenth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) of the fifth rectangular waveguide array 51 are respectively connected to the output ports above the n second rectangular bend waveguides (labeled as 421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) of the second rectangular bend waveguide array 42, and the output ports above are respectively connected to the input ports below left of the n second H-plane U-bend waveguides (labeled as 521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) of the second H-plane U-bend waveguide array 52. The input ports below left of the n second H-plane U-bend waveguides (labeled as 521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) of the second H-plane U-bend waveguide array 52 are respectively connected to the output ports above of the n eleventh rectangular waveguides (labeled as 511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) of the fifth rectangular waveguide array 51, and the output ports below right are respectively connected to the input ports above of the n twelfth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) of the sixth rectangular waveguide array 53.

[0048] The sixth rectangular waveguide array 53 contains n twelfth rectangular waveguides arranged in parallel, and the labels are 531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n in turn. The cross-sectional dimensions of these twelfth rectangular waveguides are the same (the length of the wide side is equal to a 0, and the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0), and the lengths are g 1, g 2, …, g k' …, g n In terms of structural connection, the input ports above of the n twelfth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) of the sixth rectangular waveguide array 53 are respectively connected to the output ports below right of the n second H-plane U-bend waveguides (labeled as 521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) of the second H-plane U-bend waveguide array 52, and the output ports below are respectively connected to the input ports above of the n second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividers 6.

[0049] Similar to the function of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 also plays a role of phase compensation and bandwidth expansion. By adjusting the length of each rectangular waveguide in the fifth rectangular waveguide array 51 and the sixth rectangular waveguide array 53, the transmission path length of each rectangular waveguide can be adjusted to ensure that the transmission path length of each rectangular waveguide is consistent, thereby significantly improving the working bandwidth performance of the entire curved structure. 01 The second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 is connected to the right side of the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 6, and the transmission path length of each rectangular waveguide between the upper side of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 and the second circular waveguide TE

[0050] As Figure 7 shown, the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 6 and the first waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 1 have the same structure size, which is composed of an output circular waveguide 61, a second grooved circular waveguide 62, a second positive N prism 63, a second frustum matching structure 64, a second rectangular waveguide circumferential array 65, and a second E-plane curved waveguide array 66. The input ports of the n second E-plane curved waveguides (labeled as 661, 662, …, 66k', …, 66n) below the second E-plane curved waveguide array 66 are connected to the output ports of the n ninth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) above the third rectangular waveguide array 32. The input ports of the n second E-plane curved waveguides (labeled as 66(n+1), 66(n+2), …, 66k'', …, 66N) above the second E-plane curved waveguide array 66 are respectively connected to the output ports of the n twelfth rectangular waveguides (labeled as 531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) below the sixth rectangular waveguide array 53. The main function of the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 6 is to convert the input N rectangular waveguides TE 10 Mode into circular waveguides TE 01 Mode output.

[0051] The working principle of the compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode curved structure is as follows: the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 1 converts the input circular waveguide TE 01 Mode into N rectangular waveguides TE 10 Mode on the left and right sides. Through the coordinated cooperation of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2, the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5, the first H-plane rectangular curved waveguide array 3, and the second H-plane rectangular curved waveguide array 4, the curved transmission of the n rectangular waveguides on the left and right sides is realized and connected to the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 6. The key is to adjust the length of each rectangular waveguide in the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 2 and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array 5 to ensure that the transmission path length of each rectangular waveguide is consistent, thereby significantly improving the working bandwidth performance of the entire curved structure.01 Mode power divider 1 and second circular waveguide TE 01 The microwave transmission path lengths of the N-way rectangular waveguides between mode power divider 6 remain consistent, so that the input to the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider 6 N-way rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode can be recombined into circular waveguide TE 01 Mode output, ultimately realizing the circular waveguide TE 01 Mode of the curved efficient transmission.

[0052] Embodiment 1 The following is a broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure of one embodiment of the specific design size: According to the application scenario, the circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure of the input circular waveguide 11 radius r 0 is 27mm, the included angle of the input circular waveguide 11 and the output circular waveguide 61 β Is 90°. In order to realize the GW order power capacity, N is 8, from which the bending angle of each E-plane bending waveguide in the first E-plane bending waveguide array 16 can be calculated by formula (1) θ 1= θ 4= θ 5= θ 8=67.5°, θ 2= θ 3= θ 6= θ 7=22.5°. According to the optimization design steps of the bending structure, the main parameters of the bending structure are obtained by optimization using electromagnetic simulation software CST Studio Suit 2014. Among them, α About 2.5°, 1≤k'≤4, 5≤k''≤8.

[0053] Table 1

[0054] According to the above parameters, the spacing between the input / output ports of embodiment 1 is about 179.0mm (5.9 times the center wavelength), which realizes the design goal of compact structure.

[0055] The S parameter simulation results of embodiment 1 are shown in Figure 8 The solid S 11 represents the circular waveguide TE 01 Mode microwave from the input circular waveguide 11, the circular waveguide TE 01The reflection coefficient of the microwave reflected back to the input port. (Dashed line S) 21 TE indicates circular waveguide 01 The mode microwave is input from the input circular waveguide 11 and outputs TE from the output circular waveguide 66. 01 The transmission coefficient of the mode microwave. (From...) Figure 8 It can be seen that within the frequency range of 7.73-12.19 GHz, the reflection coefficient of Embodiment 1 is less than -20 dB and the transmission coefficient is greater than -0.08 dB, indicating that the transmission efficiency of Embodiment 1 is greater than 98.2%, and the relative operating bandwidth reaches more than 44.7% (2×(12.19-7.73) / (12.19+7.73)), which is 43.3% higher than the maximum relative operating bandwidth (31.2%) with a transmission efficiency greater than 95% in the background technology ((44.7%-31.2%) / 31.2%). At the same time, the spacing between the input / output ports is only 5.9 times the center wavelength, which meets the requirement of less than 6 times the center wavelength, indicating that Embodiment 1 has a compact structure.

[0056] Figure 9 The simulation results of the electric field distribution characteristics of Example 1 with an input microwave power of 0.5W at the center operating frequency of 9.96GHz are presented. Figure 9 It can be seen that when the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode microwave is input from the input circular waveguide 11. Example 1 can effectively realize circular waveguide TE. 01 Mode-8 Rectangular Waveguide TE 10 Mode - Circular Waveguide TE 01 Mode transition. At this point, the maximum electric field amplitude inside it... It is 753 V / m. Based on the electric field breakdown threshold under vacuum conditions. It is 700kV / cm, by The power capacity of the curved structure under vacuum conditions was calculated. It can reach 4.32GW. These simulation results show that this curved structure can not only realize circular waveguide TE 01 The curved transmission mode also has the advantages of compact structure, wide operating bandwidth, high power capacity and high transmission efficiency, and has extremely high practical value in the field of high-power microwave transmission technology.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized in that Compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure consists of two circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider, namely the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (1) and the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (6), two H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays, namely the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (2) and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5), two H-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays, namely the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (3) and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (4); the entire bending structure is made of metal material; define the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (1) as a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure input end, the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (6) as a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure output end; First circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider (1) is composed of an input circular waveguide (11), a first grooved circular waveguide (12), a first regular N prism (13), a first frustum matching structure (14), a first rectangular waveguide circumferential array (15) and a first E-plane bend waveguide array (16), N≥4 and N is an even number; the first circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider (1) is mirror-symmetrical along the AA' plane and the BB' plane respectively; the upper end of the input circular waveguide (11) is a compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 The mode bending structure input end; the input circular waveguide (11) is a cylinder with a radius of r 0 and a length of l 0; the upper end of the input circular waveguide (11) is used for receiving externally input circular waveguide TE 01 Mode microwave, the lower end is connected with the upper end of the first grooved circular waveguide (12); The first slotted circular waveguide (12) passes through a radius of... r N identical grooves (121, 122, ..., 12k, ..., 12N) are formed on the sidewall of the circular waveguide (12(N+1)). The N grooves (121, 122, ..., 12k, ..., 12N) are evenly arranged in a circle along the central axis OO', where 1 ≤ k ≤ N. The N grooves achieve impedance matching between the input circular waveguide (11) and the circular waveguide (12(N+1)) to ensure a smooth transition of microwaves during transmission. The lower end of the first grooved circular waveguide (12) is connected to the upper end of the first regular N-prism (13). The first regular N-prism (13) has a cross section of a regular N-polygon with a side length of b 0 and a height of a 0, a 0> b 0; the N side faces of the first regular N-prism (13) are connected with N first rectangular waveguides (151, 152, …, 15k, …, 15N) of the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array (15) respectively. A first frustum matching structure (14) is embedded in the bottom of the first regular N-prism (13) to widen the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (1); after the matching structure is embedded, the first regular N-prism (13) is located above the first frustum matching structure (14); The first rectangular waveguide circumferential array (15) is composed of N first rectangular waveguides (151, 152, …, 15k, …, 15N) with the same structure, and the N first rectangular waveguides (151, 152, …, 15k, …, 15N) are uniformly arranged along the central axis OO' in a circle; the N first rectangular waveguides (151, 152, …, 15k, …, 15N) have the same size, the width of the cross section is equal to a 0, the length of the cross section is equal to b 0, and the length is l 3; the inner side end surface of each first rectangular waveguide in the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array (15) is connected with a side surface of the first regular N-polygon (13). The first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) is composed of N first E-plane bent waveguides (161, 162, …, 16k, …, 16N); the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) is along AA plane mirror symmetry, and is also along BB plane mirror symmetry; the inner side end faces of the first E-plane bent waveguides of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are respectively connected with the outer side end faces of the N first rectangular waveguides of the first rectangular waveguide circumferential array (15), that is, the inner side end face of the kth first E-plane bent waveguide (16k) is connected with the outer side end face of the kth first rectangular waveguide (15k); the bending radii of the N first E-plane bent waveguides of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are all e r , the N first E-plane bent waveguides of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are bent according to the bending angles, so that the outer side end faces of the N first E-plane bent waveguides are all parallel to the BB' plane, wherein the outer side end faces of the n first E-plane bent waveguides (161, 162, …, 16k', …, 16n) on the left side of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are respectively connected with the input ports of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (2), 1≤k'≤n, ; the outer side end faces of the n first E-plane bent waveguides (16(n+1), 16(n+2), …, 16k'', …, 16N) on the right side of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are respectively connected with the n input ports of the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (4), n+1≤k''≤N; First circular waveguide TE 01 The function of the mode splitter (1) is to convert the TE 01 modes of the input circular waveguide (11) into N rectangular waveguide TE 10 modes with high microwave efficiency. The first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (2) is composed of a first rectangular waveguide array (21), a first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22) and a second rectangular waveguide array (23); the first rectangular waveguide array (21) contains n second rectangular waveguides (211, 212, …, 21k', …, 21n) arranged in parallel, the width of the cross section of the n second rectangular waveguides (211, 212, …, 21k', …, 21n) is equal to a 0, the length of the narrow side of the cross section is equal to b 0, and the length is respectively d 1, d 2, …, d k' , …, d n ; the input ports of the n second rectangular waveguides (211, 212, …, 21k', …, 21n) are connected with the output ports of the n first E-plane bent waveguides (161, 162, …, 16k', …, 16n) on the left side of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) respectively, and the output ports are connected with the n input ports above the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22) respectively; The first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22) is composed of n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (221, 222, …, 22k', …, 22n) arranged in parallel and having the same structure; the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide (22k') is composed of a fourth rectangular waveguide (22k'1), a first corner cutting matching structure (22k'2), a fifth rectangular waveguide (22k'3), a second corner cutting matching structure (22k'4) and a sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5); the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide (22k') is mirror-symmetric along the CC' plane; the right side port of the fourth rectangular waveguide (22k'1) is the microwave input port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide (22k'), and the right side port of the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) is the microwave output port of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide (22k'); the fourth rectangular waveguide (22k'1) and the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) have the same structure size, the fifth rectangular waveguide (22k'3) is used to connect the fourth rectangular waveguide (22k'1) and the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5), and the first corner cutting impedance matching structure (22k'2) and the second corner cutting impedance matching structure (22k'4) having the same structure are symmetrically designed on the upper and lower ends of the fifth rectangular waveguide (22k'3); the input ports of the n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (221, 222, …, 22k', …, 22n) of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22) are connected with the output ports of the n second rectangular waveguides (211, 212, …, 21k', …, 21n) of the first rectangular waveguide array (21) respectively, and the output ports are connected with the input ports of the second rectangular waveguide array (23) respectively; The second rectangular waveguide array (23) comprises n third rectangular waveguides (231, 232, …, 23k', …, 23n) arranged in parallel; the width of the cross section of the n third rectangular waveguides (231, 232, …, 23k', …, 23n) is equal to a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, and the length is respectively q 1, q 2, …, q k' , q n n third rectangular waveguides (231, 232, …, 23k', …, 23n) input ports are connected with the output ports below the n first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide (221, 222, …, 22k', …, 22n) of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22), and the output ports are connected with the input ports of the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (3). The function of the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (2) is to realize phase compensation and bandwidth expansion; by adjusting the length of each rectangular waveguide in the first rectangular waveguide array (21) and the second rectangular waveguide array (23), the first circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider (1) left side and the second circular waveguide TE 01 The mode power divider (6) below each rectangular waveguide path and the phase are compensated, so that their transmission path lengths remain consistent, thereby improving the operating bandwidth of the entire curved structure; The first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (3) is composed of a first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) and a third rectangular waveguide array (32); wherein the first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) is composed of n first rectangular bent waveguides (311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) arranged in parallel and having the same structure; wherein the k'th first rectangular bent waveguide (31k') is composed of a seventh rectangular waveguide (31k'1) and an eighth rectangular waveguide (31k'3) at an included angle β of 45°; the seventh rectangular waveguide (31k'1) and the eighth rectangular waveguide (31k'3) have the same structure size, the wide side length of each is equal to a 0, the narrow side length of each is equal to b 0, and the length of each is l 5+ a 0, l 5 is the distance between the seventh rectangular waveguide (31k'1) and the ninth rectangular waveguide (32k'); a third corner impedance matching structure (31k'2) is designed at the staggered bottom of the seventh rectangular waveguide (31k'1) and the eighth rectangular waveguide (31k'3); the input ports on the left side of the n first rectangular bent waveguides (311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) are respectively connected to the output ports of the n third rectangular waveguides (231, 232, …, 23k', …, 23n) of the second rectangular waveguide array (23) corresponding in number, and the output ports above the n first rectangular bent waveguides (311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) are respectively connected to the n input ports of the third rectangular waveguide array (32). The third rectangular waveguide array (32) comprises n ninth rectangular waveguides (321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) arranged in parallel, the cross-sectional wide side length of the n ninth rectangular waveguides (321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) is equal to a 0, the cross-sectional narrow side length is equal to b 0, and the length is respectively p 1, p 2, …, p k' …, p n The input ports below the n ninth rectangular waveguides (321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) of the third rectangular waveguide array (32) are connected with the output ports above the n first rectangular bent waveguides (311, 312, …, 31k', …, 31n) of the first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) respectively, and the output ports above the n ninth rectangular waveguides (321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) of the third rectangular waveguide array (32) are connected with the n input ports of the second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (6) respectively. The second H-plane rectangular curved waveguide array (4) is composed of the fourth rectangular waveguide array (41) and the second rectangular curved waveguide array (42); the fourth rectangular waveguide array (41) contains n parallel tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, ..., 41k', ..., 41n); the width of the cross-section of each of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, ..., 41k', ..., 41n) is equal to a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, with lengths respectively s 1, s 2,…, s k' ,…, s n The input ports on the left side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, ..., 41k', ..., 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array (41) are respectively connected to the output ports of the n first E-plane curved waveguides (16(n+1), 16(n+2), ..., 16k'', ..., 16N) on the right side of the first E-plane curved waveguide array (16). The output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, ..., 41k', ..., 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array (41) are respectively connected to the n input ports of the second rectangular curved waveguide array (42). The second rectangular bent waveguide array (42) has the same structure size as the first rectangular bent waveguide array (31) and is composed of n second rectangular bent waveguides (421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) having the same structure; the input ports on the left side of the n second rectangular bent waveguides (421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) are connected with the output ports on the right side of the n tenth rectangular waveguides (411, 412, …, 41k', …, 41n) of the fourth rectangular waveguide array (41) respectively, and the output ports above are connected with the n input ports below of the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5) respectively; The first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (3) and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5) are used to realize the bending function of the circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure, and the included angle between the axis directions of the input circular waveguide (11) and the output circular waveguide (61) is equal to β ; The second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5) is composed of a fifth rectangular waveguide array (51), a second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (52) and a sixth rectangular waveguide array (53); wherein the fifth rectangular waveguide array (51) contains n eleventh rectangular waveguides (511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) arranged in parallel; the width of the cross section of the n eleventh rectangular waveguides (511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) is equal to a 0, the length is equal to b 0, and the length is respectively c 1, c 2, …, c k' , …, c n ; the second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (52) is composed of n second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) arranged in parallel and having the same structure, and the structure size of the n second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides is the same as that of the k'th first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide 22k' of the first H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (22); the input ports below the n eleventh rectangular waveguides (511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) of the fifth rectangular waveguide array (51) are connected with the output ports above the n second rectangular bent waveguides (421, 422, …, 42k', …, 42n) of the second rectangular bent waveguide array (42) respectively, the output ports above are connected with the input ports below left of the n second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) of the second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (52) respectively; the input ports below left of the n second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) are connected with the output ports above of the n eleventh rectangular waveguides (511, 512, …, 51k', …, 51n) of the fifth rectangular waveguide array (51) respectively, and the output ports below right are connected with the n input ports above of the sixth rectangular waveguide array (53) respectively; The sixth rectangular waveguide array (53) comprises n twelfth rectangular waveguides (531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) arranged in parallel; the width of the cross section of the twelfth rectangular waveguide (531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) is equal to a 0, the length of the narrow side is equal to b 0, and the length is respectively g 1, g 2, …, g k' …, g n The input ports above the n twelfth rectangular waveguides (531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) are respectively connected with the output ports below the n second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguides (521, 522, …, 52k', …, 52n) of the second H-plane U-shaped bent waveguide array (52); the output ports below are respectively connected with the n input ports above the second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (6). The second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5) plays a role of phase compensation and bandwidth expansion; adjusting the length of each rectangular waveguide in the fifth rectangular waveguide array (51) and the sixth rectangular waveguide array (53) can compensate the phase of the first circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (1) right side with the second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (6) above each path of the rectangular waveguide carries out path and phase compensation, so that the transmission path lengths of them are consistent, and the working bandwidth performance of the entire curved structure is improved; Second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (6) and first waveguide TE 01 The structure size of mode power divider 1 is the same, which is composed of output circular waveguide (61), second grooved circular waveguide (62), second normal N prism (63), second frustum matching structure (64), second rectangular waveguide circumferential array (65) and second E-face bending waveguide array (66); The input ports of the n second E-face bending waveguides (661, 662, …, 66k', …, 66n) below the second E-face bending waveguide array (66) are connected with the output ports of the n ninth rectangular waveguides (321, 322, …, 32k', …, 32n) above the third rectangular waveguide array (32); The input ports of the n second E-face bending waveguides (66(n+1), 66(n+2), …, 66k'', …, 66N) above the second E-face bending waveguide array (66) are respectively connected with the output ports of the n twelfth rectangular waveguides (531, 532, …, 53k', …, 53n) below the sixth rectangular waveguide array (53); Second circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power divider (6) converts the input N-way rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode into circular waveguide TE 01 Mode output.

2. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 The mode bending structure is made of aluminum alloy.

3. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The N grooves machined on the sidewall of the first slotted circular waveguide (12) are all composed of two parts: a fan-shaped conical groove and a fan-shaped cylindrical groove; the k-th groove (12k) is composed of an upper fan-shaped conical groove (12k1) and a lower fan-shaped cylindrical groove (12k2); the bottom of the fan-shaped conical groove (12k1) consists of two grooves with a length of e A straight line segment with radius 0 and a segment with radius 0 r 0. The central angle is α The sector is formed by the combined arcs; the height of the sector-shaped conical groove (12k1) is... l 1; The cross-sectional shape of the sector-shaped columnar groove (12k2) is the same as the bottom shape of the sector-shaped conical groove (12k1), and its height is... l 2.

4. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The first frustum matching structure (14) is formed by cascading three layers of impedance matching structure from top to bottom: the upper layer is a first cylindrical impedance matching structure (141), the middle layer is a circular truncated cone impedance matching structure (142), and the lower layer is a second cylindrical impedance matching structure (143); the cross-sectional radius of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure (141) is r 1, the height is h 1; the bottom cross-sectional radius of the circular truncated cone impedance matching structure (142) is r 2, the top cross-sectional radius is equal to r 1, the height is h 2; the cross-sectional radius of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure (143) is r 3, the height is h 3, r 3> r 2> r 1; the lower end of the first cylindrical impedance matching structure (141) is connected to the upper end of the circular truncated cone impedance matching structure (142), and the lower end of the circular truncated cone impedance matching structure (142) is connected to the upper end of the second cylindrical impedance matching structure (143).

5. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The N first E-plane bent waveguides of the first E-plane bent waveguide array (16) are bent according to a bending angle, wherein the bending angle of the kth first E-plane bent waveguide is calculated by formula (1) or formula (2): when n is even, : Equation (1) When For odd: Formula (2).

6. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure characterized in that The length of the fourth rectangular waveguide (22k'1) and the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) are both equal to a 0, the length of the fifth rectangular waveguide (22k'3) is equal to b 0, the length of the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) is equal to l 4; the length of the fifth rectangular waveguide (22k'3) is equal to a 0, the length of the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) is equal to b 0, the length of the sixth rectangular waveguide (22k'5) is equal to a 0+ H ; The second cut-corner impedance matching structure (22k'4) is composed of three layers of impedance matching structure from top to bottom in cascade: the upper layer is a rectangular slot with a width of w 1, a length of h 4, and a thickness equal to b 0; the middle layer is a right-angled triangular slot with a height of e 1, a bottom side length of e 2, and a thickness equal to b 0; and the lower layer is a rectangular slot with a width of w 2, a length of h 5, and a thickness equal to b 0.

7. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The third chamfered impedance matching structure (31k'2) consists of three cascaded impedance matching structures from top to bottom: the upper layer is a width of w 4, length is h 7. Thickness equals b A rectangular slot with a length of 0; the middle one is the right side with a length of 0. e 4, the length of the bottom side is e 3, the included angle is β Thickness equals b The first layer is a triangular groove with a width of 0; the second layer is a triangular groove with a width of 0. w 3, length is h 6, thickness equals b A rectangular groove of 0.

8. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure, characterized in that The parameters r 0, l 0, l 1, l 2, l 3, a 0, b 0, r 3, r 2, r 1, h 1, h 2, h 3, e r , e 0, α The exact values of the parameters are obtained by the following method: under the conditions of satisfying r 0>0, l 0>0, l 1>0, l 2>0, l 3>0, a 0> b 0>0, r 3> r 2> r 1, h 1>0, h 2>0, h 3>0, e r >0, e 0>0, α >0, and formulas (1) and (2), the reflection coefficient of the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (1) is less than -25 dB in the working frequency band range covering the microwave working frequency band, which is obtained by optimization through an electromagnetic simulation software, which is CST Studio Suit 2014 and above.

9. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The parameters l 4, H , e 1, e 2, h 4, h 5, w 1, w The exact value of 2 is obtained by the following method: when satisfying... l 4>0, H >0, e 1>0, e 2>0, h 4>0, h 5>0, w 1>0, w Under the condition 2>0, the H-plane U-shaped bend waveguide (22k') with a reflection coefficient of less than -25dB covers the microwave operating frequency band, which was obtained through optimization using electromagnetic simulation software.

10. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 mode bending structure characterized by The parameters l 5, e 3, e 4, h 6, h 7, w 3, w The exact value of 4 is obtained by the following method: when satisfying... l 5>0, e 3>0, e 4>0, h 6>0, h 7>0, w 3>0, w Under the condition of 4>0, the operating frequency range of the rectangular curved waveguide (31k') with a reflection coefficient of less than -25dB covers the microwave operating frequency band, which was obtained through optimization using electromagnetic simulation software.

11. A compact broadband circular waveguide TE 01 Mode bending structure characterized in that The radius of the input circular waveguide (11) r 0 is equal to the radius of the connected external circular waveguide; the included angle β is The pre-set circular waveguide TE 01 The bending angle of the mode bending structure, the parameter d 1, d 2,…, d k' ,…, d n ; q 1, q 2,…, q k' ,…, q n ; p 1, p 2,…, p k' ,…, p n ; s 1, s 2,…, s k' ,…, s n ; c 1, c 2,…, c k' ,…, c n ; g 1, g 2,…, g k' ,…, g n is adjusted and determined in the process of connecting and assembling the first circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (1) and the second circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider (6), the first H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (2) and the second H-plane U-shaped folded waveguide array (5), the first H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (3) and the second H-plane rectangular bent waveguide array (4), to ensure that the microwave transmission path lengths of the N rectangular waveguides between the two circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividers remain consistent, and the electromagnetic simulation software is CST Studio Suit 2014 and above.

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