Field corn well irrigation water and fertilizer integrated device and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a field corn well irrigation water and fertilizer integrated device and system.The field corn well irrigation water and fertilizer integrated system comprises a water source system, a head hub system, a water conveying and distributing system and an irrigation system which are sequentially communicated; the filtering unit is provided with different filter combination modes according to different silt contents of a water source system; when the water quality is high-silt well water, the filtering unit adopts a combination of a centrifugal filter and a screen filter / laminated filter; when the water quality is high clay / colloid well water, the filter unit adopts a combination of a gravel filter and a screen filter / laminated filter; the water quality type of the filtering unit is configured to be one of a full-manual mode, a semi-automatic mode and a full-automatic mode. The system is used for solving the problems that an existing drip irrigation system is poor in applicability, not thorough in filtering, low in water and fertilizer integration degree and high in cost in a small-scale farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, specifically to an integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional flood irrigation methods suffer from low water resource utilization, poor irrigation efficiency, and are not conducive to precision fertilization. Although drip irrigation technology has been promoted in some areas, existing drip irrigation systems are mostly designed for large contiguous farmland and have poor adaptability to small-area (0-150 mu) well-irrigated plots, suffering from problems such as unreasonable configuration, incomplete filtration, low integration of water and fertilizer, and high costs. In addition, wells in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain have high cement and sand content, especially fine sand, clay, and colloidal substances, which easily cause dripper clogging, affecting the system's lifespan and irrigation uniformity. In the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the output of a single well used for irrigation is typically 30-60 m³. 3 Between / h. And the water output is 50 m³. 3 A well with a capacity of / h is considered quite good.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device and system for field corn well irrigation suitable for small-area large-scale field irrigation, which can be flexibly configured according to well water quality, plot size and economic conditions to achieve efficient, water-saving and fertilizer-saving precision irrigation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a field corn well irrigation and fertigation integrated device and system, which solves the problems of poor applicability, incomplete filtration, low degree of fertigation integration, and high cost of existing drip irrigation systems in small-scale farmland.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated system, comprising a water source system, a headworks system, a water distribution system, and an irrigation system connected in sequence, wherein: The water supply system is used to provide irrigation water and transport it to the headworks system for filtration; The headworks system is used to switch between water delivery and fertilization modes according to the sediment content of the well. The headworks system includes a water pump, a filtration unit, a fertilization unit, and a control and measurement unit. The filtration unit is configured with different filter combinations depending on the sediment content of the water source system. The combinations selected based on sediment content include: When the water quality is high-silt well water with suspended solids content >100mg / L, the filtration unit adopts a combination of centrifugal filter and mesh filter / disc filter; when the water quality is high-clay / colloid well water with turbidity >50NTU, the filtration unit adopts a combination of sand filter and mesh filter / disc filter. The water quality type configuration of the filter unit is available in one of three modes: fully manual, semi-automatic, or fully automatic. Fully manual mode: both the filter unit and the fertilizer unit are operated manually; semi-automatic mode: the filter unit has an automatic backwashing function; fully automatic mode: integrates the fertilizer unit, control and measurement unit, and filter unit. The water distribution system is used to transport the irrigation water filtered by the filtration unit to the irrigation system; An irrigation system is used to deliver irrigation water to irrigate corn in the field. The irrigation system includes drip irrigation tape installed in the corn planting rows in the field.

[0006] Furthermore, the water source system includes a water output of 30-50m³. 3 / h well.

[0007] Furthermore, the inlet end of the fertilization unit is connected to a fertilizer tank. The fertilization unit includes a Venturi fertilizer applicator or an intelligent fertilizer applicator. Both the Venturi fertilizer applicator and the intelligent fertilizer applicator are used to deliver the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank to the water supply and distribution system for fertilizer transportation.

[0008] Furthermore, control and measurement units are respectively installed at the outlet and inlet ends of the water pump, and the control and measurement units include pressure gauges, flow meters, and automatic controllers. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the water pressure entering the pump from the well and transmit the water pressure signal to the automatic controller; Flow meters are used to monitor water flow and transmit water flow data to automatic controllers; The automatic controller is used to receive water pressure signals and water flow data, and then adjust the pumping force of the water pump.

[0009] Furthermore, the water distribution system includes a main pipe and several branch pipes. The main pipe is used to transport filtered well water and fertilizer over long distances, while the branch pipes are used to transport the well water and fertilizer in the main pipe to the drip irrigation belt respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the drip irrigation tape includes any one of the following: inlaid patch drip irrigation tape, labyrinth tube drip irrigation tape, or pressure-compensating dripper drip irrigation tape.

[0011] The above approach has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution achieves precise and efficient filtration of different water qualities by intelligently configuring a two-stage filtration combination of "centrifugal + mesh / disc" or "sand + mesh / disc" based on the sediment content of the well water. For example, for high sediment water with suspended solids >100mg / L, the centrifugal filter first removes most of the sand particles through cyclone separation, and then the mesh filter intercepts the remaining impurities. This effectively solves the problem of high sediment content in well water in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the problem of traditional single filters easily clogging drippers, significantly improving the reliability of system operation and the uniformity of drip irrigation.

[0012] 2. This solution offers three configurable modes: fully manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic, enabling flexible adaptation of system cost and functionality and significantly lowering the technical application threshold. Small farmers with limited financial resources can choose the low-cost fully manual system; for large-scale farms, the fully automatic mode integrates an intelligent fertilizer applicator and an automatic controller, which can precisely adjust the water and fertilizer ratio in real time according to the crop's nutrient requirements, achieving on-demand irrigation during key growth stages of corn (such as the tasseling and silking stage), thereby saving water and fertilizer overall and significantly reducing labor input.

[0013] 3. This solution, through modular design, clearly divides the headworks system into a filtration unit, a fertilization unit, and a control and measurement unit. Each unit can be selected independently or work collaboratively, enhancing the system's maintainability and scalability. For example, in semi-automatic mode, the automatic backwashing filtration unit can automatically clean itself based on the differential pressure signal, avoiding irrigation interruptions due to frequent clogging. Simultaneously, the coordination between the water distribution system and the pressure-compensating drip irrigation tape ensures uniform water output even under undulating field terrain, effectively improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and corn yield.

[0014] Furthermore, a field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated device, based on the aforementioned field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated system, includes a filter cylinder located inside a mesh filter. A main shaft is provided inside the filter cylinder, and a second filter cylinder is coaxially and detachably connected to the main shaft. Several connecting rods are detachably connected to the upper and lower parts of the second filter cylinder. A first filter cylinder is provided outside the second filter cylinder. All connecting rods are detachably connected to the first filter cylinder, and the aperture of the first filter cylinder is larger than that of the second filter cylinder. The first filter cylinder is provided with several vertically arranged fan blades, and the side wall of the filter cylinder is provided with a tangentially arranged water inlet. The bottom of the filter cylinder on the side away from the water inlet is provided with a sand discharge port. Mesh filters are suitable for filtration combinations of high-silt well water and high-clay / colloid well water in fully manual mode.

[0015] The principle behind the above scheme is as follows: The tangential inlet creates a swirling flow inside the filter cylinder, driving the fan blades to rotate the dual filter cylinders. The water first undergoes coarse filtration through the first filter cylinder with a larger aperture, intercepting larger particles; then it enters the second filter cylinder through the annular chamber for fine filtration.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The dual-stage filtration structure with cyclone assistance upgrades the traditional passive filtration to an active anti-clogging mode. The dual-stage filtration structure effectively distributes the filtration load and extends the service life of the filter.

[0017] Furthermore, an annular chamber is formed between the first and second filter cylinders, and the annular chamber is filled with several suspended balls. The surface of each suspended ball has irregular protrusions, and the density of the suspended balls is equal to the density of water.

[0018] Beneficial effects: When water flows tangentially into the filter cartridge and forms a swirling flow, these suspended spheres, with a density close to that of water, tumble and collide violently within the annular chamber. Their irregularly protruding surfaces continuously scrape the inner and outer surfaces of the dual filter cartridges, effectively removing sticky impurities (such as clay, organic colloids, etc.) that adhere to the filter screens after primary filtration, preventing filter pore clogging. This design upgrades traditional static filtration to dynamic self-cleaning filtration, especially beneficial for water with high clay / colloid content that easily sticks to the filter screens. It extends the effective working time of the filter screens, significantly reducing the frequency and intensity of system maintenance.

[0019] Furthermore, the filter surface of the second filter cylinder is covered with a polymer coating for capturing colloidal particles in high clay / colloidal well water through electrostatic adsorption.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The polymer coating on the surface of the second filter screen has a specific charge, which can actively capture colloidal particles in the water that are difficult to remove by mechanical sieving due to their small size through electrostatic adsorption. This makes up for the inherent defects of pure mechanical filtration when dealing with high colloidal water quality and greatly improves the system's ability to control one of the main causes of dripper clogging.

[0021] Furthermore, an electric sand discharge valve is installed at the sand discharge port. The electric sand discharge valve is connected to the automatic controller via signal and is used to open intermittently according to the pressure signal transmitted to the automatic controller by the pressure gauge and flow meter.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The automatic controller monitors the pressure difference or flow rate changes at the inlet and outlet of the filter unit in real time. When the data indicates that sand accumulation inside the cylinder is affecting normal filtration efficiency, it automatically and intermittently opens the electric sand discharge valve to remove sand. This solves the problem of decreased filtration efficiency or even system overload caused by forgetting or failing to remove sand in manual mode, and also optimizes the operating logic of semi-automatic and fully automatic systems. It ensures that sand discharge is triggered only when necessary, avoiding unnecessary waste of water resources and making the entire filter unit work more intelligently, efficiently, and reliably. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fully manual head hub system of an embodiment of the integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-automatic head hub system of an embodiment of the integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fully automatic head hub system of an embodiment of the integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mesh filter in an embodiment of the integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn of the present invention.

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Well; 2. Centrifugal filter; 3. Mesh filter; 4. Venturi fertilizer applicator; 5. Fertilizer tank; 6. Main pipe; 7. Sand and gravel filter; 8. Disc filter; 9. Flow meter; 10. Pressure gauge; 11. Intelligent fertilizer applicator; 12. Water inlet; 13. Filter cartridge; 14. Fan blade; 15. First filter screen cartridge; 16. Second filter screen cartridge; 17. Annular chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1: In the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain region, well-irrigated cornfields generally face the dual challenges of water scarcity and high sediment content in wells. Traditional flood irrigation methods not only have low water utilization rates but also easily lead to dripper clogging. Especially in small-area farmland (0-150 mu), existing drip irrigation systems are difficult to apply due to unreasonable configuration, incomplete filtration, and low integration of water and fertilizer. In addition, high costs further limit the promotion of drip irrigation technology, placing a heavy economic burden on farmers.

[0029] As attached Figure 1As shown: A field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated system includes a water source system, a headworks system, a water distribution system, and an irrigation system connected in sequence, wherein: The water supply system provides irrigation water and transports it to the headworks system for filtration; the water supply system includes systems with an output capacity of 30-50 m³ / h. 3 / h well 1.

[0030] The headworks system is used to switch between water delivery and fertilization modes according to the sediment content of the well. The headworks system includes a water pump, a filtration unit, a fertilization unit, and a control and measurement unit. The filtration unit is configured with different filter combinations depending on the sediment content of the water source system. The combinations selected based on sediment content include: When the water quality is high-silt well water with suspended solids content >100mg / L, the filtration unit adopts a combination of centrifugal filter 2 and mesh filter 3 / disc filter 8; when the water quality is high-clay / colloid well water with turbidity >50NTU, the filtration unit adopts a combination of sand filter 7 and mesh filter 3 / disc filter 8. The water quality type configuration of the filter unit is available in one of three modes: fully manual, semi-automatic, or fully automatic. Fully manual mode: both the filter unit and the fertilizer unit are operated manually; semi-automatic mode: the filter unit has an automatic backwashing function; fully automatic mode: integrates the fertilizer unit, control and measurement unit, and filter unit. The fertilizer unit is connected to a fertilizer tank 5 at its inlet end. The fertilizer unit includes a Venturi fertilizer applicator 4 or an intelligent fertilizer applicator 11. Both the Venturi fertilizer applicator 4 and the intelligent fertilizer applicator 11 are used to deliver the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank to the water supply and distribution system for fertilizer delivery.

[0031] The control and measurement units are respectively installed at the outlet and inlet of the water pump. The control and measurement units include a pressure gauge 10, a flow meter 9, and an automatic controller. Pressure gauge 10 is used to monitor the water pressure entering the pump from the well and transmit the water pressure signal to the automatic controller; Flow meter 9 is used to monitor water flow and transmit water flow data to the automatic controller; The automatic controller is used to receive water pressure signals and water flow data, and then adjust the pumping force of the water pump.

[0032] The water distribution system is used to transport the irrigation water filtered by the filtration unit to the irrigation system. The water distribution system includes a main pipe 6 and several branch pipes. The main pipe 6 is used to transport the filtered well water and fertilizer over long distances, and the branch pipes are used to transport the well water and fertilizer in the main pipe 6 to the drip irrigation tape respectively.

[0033] An irrigation system is used to deliver irrigation water to irrigate corn in a field. The irrigation system includes drip irrigation tape installed in the corn planting rows in the field. The drip irrigation tape includes any one of the following: inlaid patch drip irrigation tape, labyrinth tube drip irrigation tape, or pressure-compensating dripper tape.

[0034] This embodiment uses the fully manual mode of the filter unit configured in a farmer's 120-mu cornfield in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain as an example. The water output of well 1 is 40 m³. 3 The well water has a suspended solids content of 120 mg / L, classifying it as high-silt water. The headworks system is equipped with a centrifugal filter 2, a mesh filter chamber, a Venturi fertilizer applicator 4, and a 500L fertilizer tank 5.

[0035] After the water pump draws water from well 1, it first enters centrifugal filter 2. Centrifugal filter 2 uses the principle of cyclone separation to cause sand particles in the water to settle into the sand collection tank under the action of centrifugal force. Farmers need to manually open the sand discharge valve regularly to remove the mud and sand, for example, once a day after irrigation. Then, the water flows through mesh filter 3, where it passes through two layers of stainless steel filter screens with mesh sizes of 80 mesh and 120 mesh respectively to further intercept fine sand and impurities and prevent drip head clogging. The filtered clean water flows into the Venturi fertilizer applicator 4. At this time, the Venturi applicator uses the negative pressure generated by the water flowing through the narrow section to automatically draw the dissolved fertilizer solution from the 500L fertilizer tank 5, realizing water and fertilizer mixing. The mixed solution is transported to the field through the main pipe 6 and branch pipes, and finally seeps out evenly through the embedded patch drip irrigation tape, directly acting on the corn roots.

[0036] When emergency water and fertilizer replenishment is needed during the corn tasseling and silking stage, farmers manually start the system and monitor the pressure gauge 10 (maintaining 0.25 MPa) and flow meter 9 (controlling 40 m³ / h). 3 (h) Adjust the valve and simultaneously pour the urea solution into fertilizer tank 5. The venturi automatically draws in fertilizer without external power, ensuring simultaneous water and fertilizer delivery. Throughout the process, farmers only need to periodically clean the filter and remove sand, making operation simple. Compared to traditional flood irrigation, this system effectively solves the irrigation problem of reduced drip irrigation efficiency caused by silt clogging the drip line in high-silt water conditions through precise drip irrigation and fertilization.

[0037] Example 2: As attached Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that in some well-irrigated areas of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the well water not only has a high silt content but is also rich in clay and colloidal substances (turbidity > 50 NTU). Traditional manual systems require frequent filter cleaning, resulting in high manual maintenance costs and easy system blockage due to untimely operation. In addition, large fluctuations in water quality further exacerbate the filtration pressure and affect the continuity of irrigation.

[0038] Based on the above problems, the inventors proposed a semi-automatic drip irrigation head system. By introducing an automatic backwashing function, it reduces manual intervention and adapts to well irrigation scenarios with complex water quality and frequent backwashing.

[0039] Taking a 150-mu cornfield as an example, well No. 1 has a water output of 45 m³. 3 The well water has a turbidity of 70 NTU, classifying it as high-clay water. The system configuration includes a sand filter 7, a disc filter 8, a Venturi fertilizer applicator 4, and a 500L fertilizer tank 5. The water pump delivers the well water to the sand filter 7, which is filled with quartz sand filter media. Clay and colloidal particles are removed through physical adsorption and retention. When the differential pressure sensor detects a pressure difference exceeding 0.1 MPa, the automatic controller triggers a backwashing procedure: switching valves to change the water flow direction, backwashing the filter media, and discharging impurities through the drain (lasting approximately 2 minutes). The water then flows into the disc filter 8, where the discs are compressed to form fine filtration channels. When the pressure difference exceeds the limit, it also automatically backwashes to remove residual impurities. The filtered water is mixed with fertilizer by the Venturi fertilizer applicator 4 and then transported to the labyrinth drip irrigation system via the water distribution network.

[0040] During continuous irrigation of corn in its jointing stage, the system automatically monitors the filter status. For example, when the pressure differential of the sand filter 7 increases due to the accumulation of deposits, the controller immediately initiates backwashing without manual intervention. Simultaneously, the Venturi fertilizer applicator 4 absorbs fertilizer proportionally according to the irrigation water volume, ensuring a stable fertilizer concentration. The entire system requires farmers to check the fertilizer tank 5 and controller settings weekly, reducing maintenance workload by 70%. Compared to a manual system, the semi-automatic system increases filtration efficiency by 50% under the same water quality, improves irrigation uniformity to over 90%, and avoids irrigation interruptions caused by clogging.

[0041] Example 3: As attached Figure 3 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that, in addition, because irrigation parameters need to be adjusted as needed during the critical growth stages of corn, the existing system is difficult to achieve integrated and automated management. Taking a 160-mu (approximately 10 hectares) corn farm as an example, well 1 has a water output of 50 m³ / h. 3 / h, well water suspended solids content 110mg / L (high sediment water quality). The system configuration includes 2 automatic sand-discharging centrifugal filters, 8 disc filters, 11 intelligent fertilizer applicators, frequency converter control cabinet and 5 500L fertilizer tanks.

[0042] The frequency converter control cabinet adjusts the water pump speed in real time based on the pipeline pressure sensor data to maintain a constant water pressure supply (e.g., 0.3MPa). Well water first passes through an automatic sand-discharging centrifugal filter 2, where an internal cyclone device continuously separates sediment, which is then discharged periodically via an electric sand-discharging valve (e.g., every 2 hours). The water then flows into a disc filter 8, where a differential pressure sensor-linked controller completes backwashing. The intelligent fertilizer applicator 11, according to a preset irrigation program (e.g., setting the EC and pH values ​​of the fertilizer solution according to the corn growth stage), precisely controls the applicator to draw fertilizer solution from a 500L fertilizer tank 5 and inject it into the main pipeline. The control and measurement unit collects flow rate, pressure, and fertilizer concentration data in real time and enables remote monitoring and adjustment via an automatic controller.

[0043] During the corn's tasseling to grain-filling stage, the system irrigates in stages according to a preset plan. For example, the intelligent fertilizer applicator 11 automatically increases the potassium fertilizer ratio during the tasseling stage, and the frequency converter control cabinet stabilizes the water supply pressure to ensure uniform water output from the drip irrigation tape (pressure-compensated type). Simultaneously, the filter automatically performs backwashing and sand removal based on water quality data, requiring no manual operation throughout the process. Farm managers can view real-time data and adjust parameters via a mobile app to achieve precise water and fertilizer management. Compared to a semi-automatic system, the fully automatic system increases water saving by 50%, fertilizer saving by 45%, and reduces energy consumption by 20%.

[0044] Example 4: As attached Figure 4 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that a field corn well irrigation and fertilization integrated device, based on the field corn well irrigation and fertilization integrated system described in Embodiment 1, includes a filter cylinder 13, which is located inside a mesh filter 3. A main shaft is provided inside the filter cylinder 13, and a second filter cylinder 16 is coaxially and detachably connected to the main shaft. Several connecting rods are detachably connected to the upper and lower parts of the second filter cylinder 16. A first filter cylinder 15 is provided outside the second filter cylinder 16. All connecting rods are detachably connected to the first filter cylinder 15, and the aperture of the first filter cylinder 15 is larger than the aperture of the second filter cylinder 16. The first filter cylinder 15 is provided with several vertically arranged fan blades 14, and the side wall of the filter cylinder 13 is provided with a tangentially arranged water inlet 12. An annular chamber 17 is formed between the first filter cylinder 15 and the second filter cylinder 16. The annular chamber 17 is filled with several suspended balls, and the surface of the suspended balls has irregular protrusions. The density of the suspended balls is equal to the density of water.

[0045] The filter screen surface of the second filter cylinder 16 is covered with a polymer coating for capturing colloidal particles in high clay / colloidal well water through electrostatic adsorption.

[0046] The bottom of the filter cartridge 13, away from the inlet 12, is provided with a sand discharge port; an electric sand discharge valve is provided at the sand discharge port, and the electric sand discharge valve is connected to the automatic controller. The electric sand discharge valve is used to open intermittently according to the pressure signal transmitted to the automatic controller by the pressure gauge 10 and the flow meter 9.

[0047] The mesh filter 3 is suitable for filtration combinations of high-silt well water and high-clay / colloid well water in fully manual mode.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows: During irrigation, well water, after being pressurized by a water pump, first enters the centrifugal filter 2 for primary treatment, removing most of the sand particles. Then, it enters tangentially into the inlet 12 of the mesh filter 3 filter cylinder 13. The tangentially entering water forms a swirling flow within the filter cylinder 13, impacting the fan blades 14 on the surface of the first filter cylinder 15 to drive the dual filter cylinders to rotate slowly. The water flow first passes through the first filter cylinder 15 with its larger aperture, intercepting larger particles of impurities; then it enters the annular chamber 17, colliding with the filled suspended balls. Because the suspended balls have a density close to water, they are in a semi-suspended state. Their irregular protrusions continuously rub against the surfaces of the first and second filter cylinders 16 under the impact of the water flow, effectively peeling off attached impurities and preventing filter clogging. The water finally flows out after fine filtration through the inner second filter cylinder 16.

[0049] When treating water with high clay / colloid content, the polymer coating on the surface of the second filter cartridge 16 actively captures colloidal particles in the water through electrostatic adsorption, significantly improving the colloid removal rate. This process effectively compensates for the shortcomings of purely mechanical filtration and prevents colloidal substances from accumulating within the drip irrigation tape.

[0050] During the filtration process, some impurities deposited at the bottom of filter cartridge 13 are periodically discharged through an electric sand discharge valve. The automatic controller triggers the electric sand discharge valve to open intermittently based on data from pressure gauge 10 and flow meter 9 (e.g., pressure difference exceeding 0.08 MPa or flow rate decreasing by 15%), achieving automatic cleaning of the accumulated sand at the bottom. In the fully manual system, farmers can periodically, such as after each irrigation cycle, disassemble the first filter cartridge 15 and the second filter cartridge 16 for thorough cleaning. The detachable linkage structure allows for the disassembly and installation of the first filter cartridge 15 and the second filter cartridge 16 without the need for special tools, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty. The suspended balls can also be removed, rinsed, and reused, extending the lifespan of the filter material.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A field corn irrigation and fertilization system, characterized in that, It includes a water source system, a headworks system, a water transmission and distribution system, and an irrigation system that are connected in sequence, among which: The water supply system is used to provide irrigation water and transport it to the headworks system for filtration; The headworks system is used to switch between water delivery and fertilization modes according to the sediment content of the well. The headworks system includes a water pump, a filtration unit, a fertilization unit, and a control and measurement unit. The filtration unit is configured with different filter combinations depending on the sediment content of the water source system. The combinations selected based on sediment content include: When the water quality is high-silt well water with suspended solids content >100mg / L, the filtration unit adopts a combination of centrifugal filter (2) and mesh filter (3) / disc filter (8); when the water quality is high-clay / colloid well water with turbidity >50NTU, the filtration unit adopts a combination of sand filter (7) and mesh filter (3) / disc filter (8); The water quality type configuration of the filter unit is available in one of three modes: fully manual, semi-automatic, or fully automatic. Fully manual mode: both the filter unit and the fertilizer unit are operated manually; semi-automatic mode: the filter unit has an automatic backwashing function; fully automatic mode: integrates the fertilizer unit, control and measurement unit, and filter unit. The water distribution system is used to transport the irrigation water filtered by the filtration unit to the irrigation system; An irrigation system is used to deliver irrigation water to irrigate corn in the field. The irrigation system includes drip irrigation tape installed in the corn planting rows in the field.

2. The integrated irrigation and fertilization system for field corn as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water source system includes a water output of 30-50m³. 3 / h well (1).

3. The integrated irrigation and fertilization system for field corn as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fertilizer unit is connected to a fertilizer tank (5) at the inlet end. The fertilizer unit includes a Venturi fertilizer applicator (4) or an intelligent fertilizer applicator (11). Both the Venturi fertilizer applicator (4) and the intelligent fertilizer applicator (11) are used to deliver the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank to the water supply and distribution system for fertilizer delivery.

4. The integrated irrigation and fertilization system for field corn as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control and measurement units are respectively installed at the outlet and inlet of the water pump. The control and measurement units include a pressure gauge (10), a flow meter (9), and an automatic controller. The pressure gauge (10) is used to monitor the water pressure entering the pump from the well and transmit the water pressure signal to the automatic controller; The flow meter (9) is used to monitor water flow and transmit water flow data to the automatic controller; The automatic controller is used to receive water pressure signals and water flow data, and then adjust the pumping force of the water pump.

5. The integrated irrigation and fertilization system for field corn as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The water supply and distribution system includes a main pipe (6) and several branch pipes. The main pipe (6) is used to transport filtered well water and fertilizer over long distances, and the branch pipes are used to transport the well water and fertilizer in the main pipe (6) to the drip irrigation belt respectively.

6. The integrated irrigation and fertilization device and system for field corn as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Drip irrigation tape includes any one of the following: inlaid patch drip irrigation tape, labyrinth tube drip irrigation tape, or pressure-compensating dripper drip irrigation tape.

7. A field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated device, based on the field corn irrigation and fertilization integrated system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes a filter cylinder (13), which is located inside the mesh filter (3). The filter cylinder (13) is provided with a main shaft, and a second filter cylinder (16) is detachably connected to the main shaft. Several connecting rods are detachably connected to the upper and lower parts of the second filter cylinder (16). A first filter cylinder (15) is provided outside the second filter cylinder (16). The connecting rods are detachably connected to the first filter cylinder (15), and the aperture of the first filter cylinder (15) is larger than the aperture of the second filter cylinder (16). The first filter cylinder (15) is provided with several vertically arranged fan blades (14), the side wall of the filter cylinder (13) is provided with a tangentially arranged water inlet (12), and the bottom of the filter cylinder (13) away from the water inlet (12) is provided with a sand discharge port. The mesh filter (3) is suitable for filtration combinations of high sediment well water and high clay / colloid well water in fully manual mode.

8. The integrated irrigation and fertilization device for field corn as described in claim 7, characterized in that, An annular chamber (17) is formed between the first filter cylinder (15) and the second filter cylinder (16). The annular chamber (17) is filled with several suspended balls. The surface of each suspended ball has irregular protrusions, and the density of the suspended ball is equal to the density of water.

9. The integrated irrigation and fertilization device for field corn as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The filter surface of the second filter cylinder (16) is covered with a polymer coating for capturing colloidal particles in high clay / colloid well water by electrostatic adsorption.

10. The integrated irrigation and fertilization device for field corn according to claim 9, characterized in that, An electric sand discharge valve is provided at the sand discharge port. The electric sand discharge valve is connected to the automatic controller via signal. The electric sand discharge valve is used to open intermittently according to the pressure signal transmitted to the automatic controller by the pressure gauge (10) and the flow meter (9).

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