A coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and pollutant degradation synergistic treatment system

Abstract

The application discloses a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and pollutant degradation synergistic treatment system, belongs to the field of tar detection and degradation, and comprises a detection unit, a data analysis unit, a preparation unit, an injection well unit and a monitoring unit. A three-dimensional space distribution model is generated through multi-source physical field data fusion, a composite carrier is constructed by using microencapsulated bacterial liquid and micro-nano bubbles, and a phased pulse injection strategy is adopted to realize the synergistic treatment of chemical oxidation and biological degradation. The system can accurately identify the spatial distribution of pollution, solve the colonization problem of bacterial strains on hydrophobic surfaces, significantly improve the degradation efficiency of tar pollutants, realize dynamic optimization of the treatment process through closed-loop monitoring, and has the outstanding advantages of high treatment precision, strong adaptability and low operation cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of coal tar detection and degradation in coal fire area, and particularly relates to a coal tar detection and pollutant degradation collaborative management system in underground cavity area of coalfield. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal tar pollution in underground cavity area of coalfield is a typical environmental problem derived from the process of coal mining and utilization, and its management relies on two key links of accurate detection and efficient degradation of the pollution area. At present, various technical routes have been formed for the management of such pollution. In the aspect of detection, a single geophysical method such as transient electromagnetic method or resistivity method is often used to identify underground abnormal bodies, but due to the multi-solution of the method itself and the interference of complex geological conditions, it is difficult to accurately distinguish the spatial distribution characteristics of the cavity boundary and the internal tar enrichment area. In the aspect of degradation, the existing technologies mostly use in-situ chemical oxidation or bioremediation means, such as injecting oxidizing agents such as persulfate to degrade pollutants, or adding functional microbial inoculants for biodegradation. However, these methods often face problems such as low adhesion rate of bacterial agents on the surface of strong hydrophobic tar, poor stability of micro-nano bubbles in underground high-pressure environment, and unclear synergistic mechanism of oxidizing agents and biological agents, resulting in limited management efficiency and high cost.

[0003] Although the existing technologies can achieve the degradation of pollutants to some extent, there are still significant deficiencies in actual application: first, the single detection means leads to insufficient identification accuracy of the spatial distribution of underground cavities and tar, which is difficult to support accurate management; second, the survival rate, targeted delivery and effective colonization ability of functional strains in underground environment are poor, which limits the exertion of biodegradation effect; third, the chemical oxidation and biodegradation processes lack effective time sequence cooperation and spatial cooperation, which may produce toxic intermediates due to incomplete oxidation, and also makes it difficult to achieve full-spectrum degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a closed-loop management scheme that can integrate accurate detection, intelligent agent delivery and collaborative degradation, in order to systematically improve the management efficiency and adaptability of coal tar pollution in underground cavity area of coalfield. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a coal tar detection and pollutant degradation collaborative management system in underground cavity area of coalfield, comprising:

[0005] a detection unit for collecting physical field data of a target area;

[0006] a data analysis unit connected with the detection unit, for generating a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of tar enrichment area and underground cavity according to the physical field data;

[0007] a preparation unit for preparing bubble-microcapsule complex and activated persulfate solution;

[0008] an injection well unit, which is arranged based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model and injects the bubble-microcapsule complex and an activated persulfate solution into a target contaminated area;

[0009] a monitoring unit, which is configured to monitor changes in physicochemical parameters in real time during the degradation process and dynamically adjust the degradation strategy according to feedback information.

[0010] Optionally, the detection unit comprises a multi-frequency transient electromagnetic device, a gravimeter, a resistivity measuring device, and a magnetic force measuring device.

[0011] The multi-frequency transient electromagnetic device is configured to output dynamic sweep signals, and a low frequency band is used to identify low-resistance anomalies of underground cavities, and a high frequency band is used to depict high-resistance characteristics of tar enrichment areas.

[0012] Optionally, the data analysis unit comprises a Bayesian inversion algorithm module, which is configured to fuse and process transient electromagnetic data, gravity data, resistivity data, and magnetic anomaly data; and the Bayesian inversion algorithm module is configured to establish a joint likelihood function to quantify the uncertainty of multi-source data, and output the three-dimensional spatial distribution model in the form of posterior probability distribution.

[0013] Optionally, the preparation unit comprises a bacterial agent pretreatment module, a microencapsulation reaction module, a micro-nano bubble generation module, and an intelligent activation optimization module.

[0014] The bacterial agent pretreatment module is configured to prepare a functional strain suspension.

[0015] The microencapsulation reaction module is connected to the bacterial agent pretreatment module and is configured to generate chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules containing functional strains and biosurfactants according to the functional strain suspension.

[0016] The micro-nano bubble generation module is connected to the microencapsulation reaction module and is configured to combine the microcapsules with micro-nano bubbles to form a bubble-microcapsule complex.

[0017] The intelligent activation optimization module is configured to activate the persulfate solution and dynamically optimize the activation parameters according to online monitoring data.

[0018] Optionally, the microencapsulation reaction module comprises a microcapsule reaction kettle, which is integrated with a first composite sensor for monitoring the mixing environment of chitosan solution, phospholipid suspension, and bacterial agent suspension.

[0019] Optionally, the micro-nano bubble generation module comprises a Venturi bubble generator, a gas supply system, a bubble stabilizer adding unit, a microcapsule-water mixing system, and a pipeline-type ripener.

[0020] The gas supply system is connected to the gas inlet of the Venturi bubble generator.

[0021] The bubble stabilizer adding unit is configured to introduce a bubble stabilizer into the liquid entering the Venturi bubble generator.

[0022] The microcapsule-water mixing system is configured to provide a microcapsule-water mixture and deliver it to the liquid inlet of the Venturi bubble generator.

[0023] The Venturi bubble generator is used to generate micro-nano bubbles according to changes in fluid pressure and combine the micro-nano bubbles with microcapsules to form bubble-microcapsule complexes.

[0024] The pipeline-type ripener is connected to the outlet pipeline of the Venturi bubble generator to homogenize and stabilize the bubble-microcapsule complexes.

[0025] Optionally, the injection well unit is provided with a first channel for delivering the bubble-microcapsule complexes and a second channel for delivering the activated persulfate solution.

[0026] The second composite sensor is arranged at the bottom of the injection well unit to adjust the injection process according to real-time monitoring of injection parameters.

[0027] Optionally, the system is used to adopt a phased pulse injection strategy, which includes:

[0028] The pilot injection phase preferentially injects bubble-microcapsule complexes through the first channel for 2-4 hours.

[0029] The main collaborative injection phase alternately injects bubble-microcapsule complexes through the first channel, activated persulfate solution through the second channel, and bubble-microcapsule complexes through the first channel in a sequential pulse, and the interval between the injection of bubble-microcapsule complexes and activated persulfate solution is not less than 2 hours.

[0030] The maintenance injection phase continuously injects bubble-microcapsule complexes through the first channel for 7-10 days after the concentration of pollutants significantly decreases.

[0031] Optionally, the monitoring unit includes a sensor network, a data processing unit, and a control instruction generation module; the sensor network is used to collect the physical and chemical parameters in real time; the data processing unit is configured to analyze and process the collected data; and the control instruction generation module is used to generate control instructions based on the analysis results to dynamically adjust the degradation strategy.

[0032] Optionally, the control instruction generation module is used to predict the degradation endpoint and adjust the injection parameters according to the rate trend of the decrease in pollutant concentration.

[0033] The system is also used to re-enable the detection unit and the data analysis unit to evaluate the treatment effect and decide on subsequent strategies after the end of the treatment phase.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0035] The present application relates to a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and bubble-microcapsule synergistic degradation system, comprising a detection unit, a data analysis unit, a preparation unit, an injection well unit and a monitoring unit. A three-dimensional spatial distribution model is generated by multi-source physical field data fusion, a composite carrier is constructed using microencapsulated bacterial liquid and micro-nano bubbles, and a phased pulse injection strategy is adopted to realize the synergistic treatment of chemical oxidation and biological degradation. The system can accurately identify the spatial distribution of pollution, solve the problem of bacterial colonization on hydrophobic surfaces, significantly improve the degradation efficiency of tar pollutants, and realize dynamic optimization of the treatment process through closed-loop monitoring, with the outstanding advantages of high treatment precision, strong adaptability and low operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments of the present application illustrated in the drawings and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a system structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a preparation unit schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the injection well unit of the embodiment of the present application, wherein 1, persulfate salt storage tank; 2, activation reactor; 3, oxidation capacity evaluation module; 4, transition metal salt storage tank; 5, flow regulating valve; 6, functional strain suspension; 7, buffer solution adjusting system; 8, strain culture tank; 9, first composite sensor; 10, microcapsule reaction kettle; 11, metering pump; 12, chitosan solution storage tank; 13, phospholipid suspension storage tank; 14, foam stabilizer adding unit; 15, gas supply system; 16, pipeline type ripener; 17, Venturi bubble generator; 18, chitosan-phospholipid double-layer microcapsule; 19, bubble-microcapsule complex; 20, high-pressure injection pump; 21, microcapsule-water mixing system; 22, activated persulfate salt solution; 23, second composite sensor; 24, sealing device; 25, first channel; 26, second channel; 27, automatic control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that shown herein.

[0042] Embodiment one

[0043] The present embodiment provides a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and pollutant degradation collaborative management system, comprising:

[0044] The detection unit is configured to collect physical field data of the target area;

[0045] The data analysis unit is connected to the detection unit and is configured to generate a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the tar-rich area and the underground cavity according to the physical field data;

[0046] The preparation unit is configured to prepare the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22;

[0047] The injection well unit is arranged based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model and is configured to inject the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22 into the target pollution area;

[0048] The monitoring unit is configured to monitor the changes of physical and chemical parameters in the degradation process in real time and dynamically adjust the degradation strategy according to the feedback information.

[0049] The present embodiment provides a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and bubble-microcapsule collaborative degradation system, comprising a detection unit, a data analysis unit, a preparation unit, an injection well unit and a monitoring unit. The detection unit is configured to collect multi-source physical field data of the target area; the data analysis unit is connected to the detection unit and is configured to jointly invert and interpret the physical field data to generate a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the tar-rich area and the underground cavity;

[0050] The preparation unit is configured to prepare the micro-nano bubble bacterial solution and the activated persulfate solution 22; the injection well unit is arranged based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model and is configured to deliver the degradation preparation to the target pollution area; the monitoring unit is configured to monitor the changes of physical and chemical parameters in the degradation process in real time and dynamically adjust the degradation strategy according to the feedback information.

[0051] The detection unit provided in the embodiment comprises a multi-frequency transient electromagnetic device, a gravimeter, a resistivity measuring device and a magnetic force measuring device; the data analysis unit fuses and processes transient electromagnetic data, gravity data, resistivity data and magnetic anomaly data through a Bayesian inversion algorithm module, and is configured to separate and delineate the boundary of the underground cavity and the internal tar enrichment area;

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, the preparation unit comprises a bacterial agent pretreatment module, a microencapsulation reaction module, a micro-nano bubble generation module and an intelligent activation optimization module; the bacterial agent pretreatment module is used to prepare a functional strain suspension 6; the microencapsulation reaction module is connected with the bacterial agent pretreatment module and is used to generate chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules 18 containing functional strains and biosurfactants according to the functional strain suspension 6; the micro-nano bubble generation module is connected with the microencapsulation reaction module and is used to form bubble-microcapsule complexes 19 according to the combination of the microcapsules and micro-nano bubbles; the intelligent activation optimization module is used to activate the persulfate solution and dynamically optimize the activation parameters according to online monitoring data.

[0053] The intelligent activation optimization module comprises an activation reactor 2 connected to the outlet of a persulfate salt storage tank 1, and the activation reactor 2 is configured to dynamically adjust the addition parameters of the transition metal salt storage tank 4 through an oxidation capacity evaluation system.

[0054] The multi-frequency transient electromagnetic device is configured to output dynamic sweep frequency signals, and the low frequency band is used to identify the low resistance anomaly of the underground cavity, and the high frequency band is used to depict the high resistance characteristics of the tar enrichment area. The gravimeter is configured to provide structural constraint conditions to improve the accuracy of the cavity geometry generated by the transient electromagnetic data inversion; the magnetic force measuring device is configured to identify the high permeability fracture channel in the transient electromagnetic inversion model.

[0055] Optionally, the Bayesian inversion algorithm module is configured to establish a joint likelihood function, to quantify the uncertainty of multi-source data, and to output the inversion result in the form of posterior probability distribution of a three-dimensional spatial distribution model. In the Bayesian inversion algorithm module, the gravity data are used as structural constraint conditions to optimize the inversion accuracy of the cavity geometry; the magnetic anomaly data are used as prior information to identify the position of the high permeability fracture channel.

[0056] The bacterial agent pretreatment module includes a bacterial strain culture tank 8 and a buffer adjustment system 7, configured to prepare a functional bacterial strain suspension 6; the microencapsulation reaction module includes a chitosan solution storage tank 12, a phospholipid suspension storage tank 13 and a microcapsule reaction kettle 10, configured to generate chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules 18 containing functional bacterial strains and biosurfactants; the micro-nano bubble generation module includes a gas supply system 15, a microcapsule-water mixing system 21 and a Venturi bubble generator 17, configured to combine microcapsules with micro-nano bubbles to form bubble-microcapsule complexes 19.

[0057] In the micro-nano bubble generation module, the microcapsule-water mixing system 21 is used to prepare a water-based mixed solution containing chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules 18. The outlet thereof is connected to the liquid inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17 through a pipeline. The antifoam agent adding unit 14 directly introduces or proportionally mixes the antifoam agent into the microcapsule mixed solution pipeline flowing to the Venturi bubble generator 17 through the metering pump 11. The outlet of the gas supply system 15 is connected to the gas inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17 through the metering pump 11.

[0058] The liquid inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17 receives the mixed solution from the microcapsule-water mixing system 21 and the antifoam agent has been added, and the gas inlet thereof receives the gas from the gas supply system 15. Inside the generator, the gas is sheared into micro-nano bubbles by the pressure drop and turbulence generated by the fluid passing through the Venturi tube, and physically adsorbed and wrapped with the microcapsules in the mixed solution, preliminarily forming a bubble-microcapsule complex 19 suspension. The inlet end of the pipeline type ripener 16 is directly connected to the outlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17. The preliminary bubble-microcapsule complex 19 suspension from the Venturi bubble generator 17 completes further mixing, homogenization and stabilization of the bubble-microcapsule structure in a controllable flow rate and time during the flow through the ripener pipeline, and finally outputs uniform and stable bubble-microcapsule complexes 19 from the outlet end thereof.

[0059] Optionally, the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 of the microencapsulation reaction module is integrated with a first composite sensor 9, wherein the first composite sensor 9 is composed of a ph sensor and a temperature sensor, configured to accurately control the mixed environment of chitosan solution, phospholipid suspension and bacterial agent suspension; the outlet of the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 is connected to the micro-nano bubble generation module through a pressure-resistant silica gel pipe, and a flow regulating valve 5 and a 0.22 μm filter are arranged on the pipeline.

[0060] Optionally, a pipeline-type ripener 16 is connected to the outlet pipeline of the Venturi bubble generator 17 of the micro-nano bubble generator module, the pipeline-type ripener comprising a multi-stage variable-diameter pipeline and a spiral flow guide structure, configured to prolong the residence time of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 in the pipeline, so that the bubble surface fully adsorbs the microcapsules and forms a stable structure; the outlet of the pipeline-type ripener 16 is connected to the injection well unit through a high-pressure injection pump 20.

[0061] A first channel 25 for transporting the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and a second channel 26 for transporting the activated persulfate solution 22 are arranged in the injection well unit, and a second composite sensor 23 is arranged at the bottom of the injection well, wherein the second composite sensor 23 is composed of a pressure sensor and a flow meter, and the real-time data thereof is fed back to an automatic control module 27, so that when the injection pressure abnormally fluctuates, the injection flow rate and proportion of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22 are dynamically adjusted, and the injection well unit further comprises a sealing device 24.

[0062] Optionally, the injection of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22 adopts a phased pulse time control strategy: in the pilot injection stage, the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is preferentially injected, and the injection time is 2-4 hours, so as to improve the hydrophobicity of the tar surface and establish an initial microbial community; in the main body synergistic injection stage, the injection is alternately performed in the order of bacterial solution→activated persulfate solution 22→bacterial solution, and the interval between the injection of the bacterial solution and the activated persulfate solution 22 is not less than 2 hours; in the maintenance injection stage, after the concentration of pollutants significantly decreases, the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is continuously injected for 7-10 days, so as to completely degrade the residual pollutants and prevent rebound.

[0063] Optionally, in the main body synergistic injection stage, the injection of the bacterial solution before the injection of the activated persulfate solution 22 reduces the contact angle of the tar surface to below 60°, thereby improving the penetration efficiency and oxidation effect of the subsequent activated persulfate solution 22; the injection of the bacterial solution after the injection of the activated persulfate solution 22 is used to degrade the low-molecular-weight intermediate products generated in the oxidation process, prevent the accumulation of toxicity, and achieve the complete degradation of the full-spectrum polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0064] The regulation instruction generation module of the monitoring unit is configured to predict the degradation endpoint according to the rate trend of the decrease of the concentration of pollutants, and to reduce the injection rate of the injection pump in advance; after the treatment stage ends, the detection unit and the data analysis unit are used again to evaluate the treatment effect by comparing the changes of the three-dimensional space distribution models before and after the treatment, and to decide the subsequent treatment strategy.

[0065] Optionally, a bubble particle size on-line monitor is arranged at the outlet of the pipeline-type ripener, and the monitoring data thereof is fed back to the metering pump 11 of the bubble stabilizer adding unit 14, so as to realize the closed-loop control of the bubble stabilizer adding amount.

[0066] The embodiment also provides a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and degradation collaborative management method using the above system, including the following steps: collecting physical field data by using the detection unit; generating a three-dimensional spatial distribution model by using the data analysis unit; preparing the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22 by using the preparation unit; based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model, laying the injection well unit and injecting the degradation preparation; and monitoring and dynamically adjusting the degradation strategy in real time by using the monitoring unit.

[0067] The injection strategy is in stages and pulses: the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is injected in the pilot stage to improve the surface properties of tar 2-4 hours later; the main stage is to pulse and alternate injection in the order of bacteria solution→activated persulfate solution 22→bacteria solution, and the interval between the injection of bacteria solution and activated persulfate solution 22 is not less than 2 hours; the maintenance stage continuously injects the bubble-microcapsule complex 19, and the injection time is 7-10 days; the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 ruptures when it contacts the tar pollutant surface, and synchronously releases functional strains and biological surfactants to change the hydrophobicity of the tar surface in situ; the activated persulfate solution 22 is directly delivered in liquid form, combined with the injection well unit laid based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model, so that the accumulation efficiency of the cavity area reaches more than 70%; and the monitoring unit dynamically adjusts the degradation parameters according to the real-time monitoring data to realize the closed-loop dynamic optimization of the degradation strategy.

[0068] Embodiment two

[0069] The embodiment provides a coalfield underground cavity area tar detection and pollutant degradation collaborative management system, including:

[0070] The connection relationship and data flow direction among the detection unit, the data analysis unit, the preparation unit, the injection well unit and the monitoring unit; Figure 3 It is a partial sectional view of the injection well unit, which shows the distribution of independent channels in the injection well and the separate injection mode of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22.

[0071] The detection unit is composed of a multi-band transient electromagnetic device, a gravimeter, a resistivity measuring device and a magnetic force measuring device, and each device is connected with the data analysis unit through a signal cable. The multi-band transient electromagnetic device is configured with low-frequency and high-frequency output ports, the low-frequency is used to identify the low-resistance anomaly of underground cavities, and the high-frequency is used to depict the high-resistance characteristics of tar enrichment areas. The gravimeter is installed on a ground fixed support, the signal output end thereof is connected with the input end of the data analysis unit, and is used to provide structural constraints to improve the inversion accuracy of transient electromagnetic data.

[0072] The resistivity measuring device is arranged on the surface of the target area through an electrode array, and the electrode array is connected with the data analysis unit through a shielded cable for collecting resistivity data. The magnetic force measuring device is arranged on the moving platform, and the signal output end thereof is communicated with the data analysis unit through a wireless transmission module for identifying the position of the high permeability fracture channel. The above devices jointly constitute a detection unit, and the data collected by the detection unit is transmitted to the data analysis unit in a wired or wireless manner.

[0073] The data analysis unit is internally integrated with a Bayesian inversion algorithm module, which realizes the establishment and calculation of a joint likelihood function through a software program. The transient electromagnetic data, gravity data, resistivity data and magnetic anomaly data are input into the Bayesian inversion algorithm module through corresponding interfaces, and the module quantifies the uncertainty of the multi-source data and outputs a posterior probability distribution form of the three-dimensional spatial distribution model. The data analysis unit is connected with the monitoring unit through a data bus, and the inversion results are transmitted in real time for subsequent treatment strategy adjustment. The data analysis unit is also connected with the detection unit through a control signal line for dynamically adjusting the detection parameters.

[0074] The preparation unit includes a bacterial agent pretreatment module, a microencapsulation reaction module, a micro-nano bubble generation module and a persulfate activation module. The bacterial agent pretreatment module is composed of a strain culture tank 8 and a buffer solution adjusting system 7, the strain culture tank 8 is connected with the buffer solution adjusting system 7 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the buffer solution adjusting system 7 is connected with the microencapsulation reaction module through a pressure-resistant silica gel pipe.

[0075] The microencapsulation reaction module includes a chitosan solution storage tank 12, a phospholipid suspension storage tank 13 and a microcapsule reaction kettle 10, the chitosan solution storage tank 12 and the phospholipid suspension storage tank 13 are respectively connected with the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 through metering pumps 11, and the first composite sensor 9 is integrated in the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 for accurately controlling the mixing environment.

[0076] The outlet of the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 is connected with the micro-nano bubble generation module through a pressure-resistant silica gel pipe, and a flow regulating valve 5 and a 0.22 μm filter are arranged on the pipeline. The micro-nano bubble generation module includes a gas supply system 15, a microcapsule-water mixing system 21 and a Venturi bubble generator 17, the gas supply system 15 is connected with the Venturi bubble generator 17 through a pressure reducing valve, and the microcapsule-water mixing system 21 is connected with the inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17 through a pipeline.

[0077] The outlet pipeline of the Venturi bubble generator 17 is connected with a pipeline type ripener 16, and the pipeline type ripener includes a multi-stage variable-diameter pipeline and a spiral flow guide structure, and the outlet thereof is connected with a high-pressure injection pump 20.

[0078] The persulfate activation module includes a persulfate storage tank 1, an activation reactor 2, an oxidation capacity assessment module 3, and a transition metal salt storage tank 4. It is used to activate the persulfate solution, converting the activated persulfate solution 22 into highly efficient reactive free radicals that degrade pollutants. Simultaneously, the persulfate activation module is also connected to a high-pressure injection pump 20, which is connected to an injection well unit.

[0079] Injection well unit such as Figure 3 As shown, the injection well is equipped with an independent first channel 25 and a second channel 26, separated by a partition to ensure independent delivery of the two formulations. A second composite sensor 23 is installed at the bottom of the injection well. The pressure sensor is connected to the automation control module 27 via a signal line, and the flow meter is connected to the automation control module 27 via a data line. The injection well unit is connected to the formulation preparation unit via a pipeline, which is equipped with a solenoid valve and a flow regulating device to control the injection flow rate and ratio.

[0080] The monitoring unit includes an intelligent dynamic control system that collects physicochemical parameters in real time through a sensor network. The sensor network includes temperature sensors, pH sensors, redox potential sensors, and pollutant concentration sensors, each connected to a data processing unit via signal lines. The data processing unit connects to a control command generation module via a communication interface. This module, in turn, connects to the formulation preparation unit and the injection well unit via control signal lines, enabling closed-loop dynamic adjustment of the degradation strategy.

[0081] During system operation, the detection unit is activated first. The multi-band transient electromagnetic device outputs a dynamic frequency sweep signal, the gravimeter synchronously collects gravity data, the resistivity measuring device collects resistivity data through an electrode array, and the magnetometer collects magnetic anomaly data. The collected data is transmitted to the data analysis unit via signal lines. The Bayesian inversion algorithm module fuses the data to generate a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of tar-rich areas and underground cavities. Based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model, injection well units are deployed in the target area, and the location and depth of each injection well are determined.

[0082] The formulation preparation unit begins operation. In the bacterial pretreatment module, the bacterial culture tank 8 cultivates functional bacterial strains, and the buffer adjustment system 7 adjusts the pH of the bacterial solution to prepare a functional bacterial suspension 6. In the microencapsulation reaction module, the chitosan solution storage tank 12 and the phospholipid suspension storage tank 13 respectively supply raw materials to the microencapsulation reactor 10 via metering pumps 11. Inside the microencapsulation reactor 10, the first composite sensor 9 monitors the mixing environment in real time, generating chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules 18 containing functional bacterial strains and biosurfactants.

[0083] The microcapsules are transported to the micro-nano bubble generating module through pressure-resistant silica gel pipes. The gas supply system 15 transports the gas to the Venturi bubble generator 17 through a pressure reducing valve. The microcapsule-water mixing system 21 mixes the microcapsules with water and then transports them to the inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17. The bubble stabilizer adding unit 14 is configured to directly introduce or proportionally mix the bubble stabilizer into the microcapsule mixed solution pipeline flowing to the Venturi bubble generator 17, to generate the bubble-microcapsule complex 19. The bubble-microcapsule complex 19 enters the pipeline-type incubator 16 through the pipeline, and the pipeline-type incubator prolongs the residence time of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19, so that it is transported to the injection well unit after forming a stable structure.

[0084] The injection well unit adopts a phased pulse injection strategy. In the pilot injection stage, the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is preferentially injected and injected for 2-4 hours. The complex is transported to the target contaminated area through the first channel 25, breaks when contacting the tar contaminant surface, releases functional strains and biosurfactants, improves the hydrophobicity of the tar surface, and establishes an initial bacterial population. In the main body synergistic injection stage, the bacterial solution, the activated persulfate solution 22, and the bacterial solution are sequentially and alternately injected in pulses. The bacterial solution is transported through the first channel 25, and the activated persulfate solution 22 is transported through the second channel 26. The injection interval of the bacterial solution and the activated persulfate solution 22 is not less than 2 hours.

[0085] In the maintenance injection stage, the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is continuously injected for 7-10 days to completely degrade residual contaminants and prevent rebound. The second composite sensor 23 at the bottom of the injection well monitors the injection pressure and flow rate in real time. When the pressure fluctuates abnormally, the automatic control module 27 dynamically adjusts the injection flow rate and proportion of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22.

[0086] The monitoring unit collects physical and chemical parameters in real time during the degradation process through a sensor network. The data processing unit analyzes and processes the collected data. The control instruction generation module predicts the degradation endpoint according to the contaminant concentration decline rate trend and reduces the injection pump injection rate in advance. After the treatment stage is completed, the detection unit and the data analysis unit are used again to evaluate the treatment effect by comparing the changes in the three-dimensional spatial distribution model before and after the treatment, and to decide on the subsequent treatment strategy.

[0087] In order to better enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement the present application, the specific implementation principles of the present application are further supplemented below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0088] In the actual operation of tar pollution treatment in the underground cavity area of a coal field, first, the multi-frequency transient electromagnetic device in the detection unit is started. This device identifies the low-resistance abnormal area of the underground cavity through low-frequency signals, and simultaneously uses high-frequency signals to depict the high-resistance characteristics of the tar-rich area.

[0089] The gravity meter synchronously collects the gravity data of the target area, the resistivity measuring device collects the resistivity information through the electrode array arranged on the ground surface, and the magnetic force measuring device identifies the position of the high-permeability fracture channel through the mobile platform. The above-mentioned multi-source physical field data is transmitted to the data analysis unit through the signal cable, and the Bayesian inversion algorithm module fuses the transient electromagnetic data, gravity data, resistivity data and magnetic anomaly data for processing to generate a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the tar enrichment area and underground cavity. This model provides accurate spatial positioning basis for the subsequent layout of the injection well unit.

[0090] When the preparation unit starts to operate, the strain culture tank 8 in the bacterial agent pretreatment module cultivates functional strains, and the buffer solution adjusting system 7 adjusts the pH value of the bacterial solution to adapt to the needs of the subsequent microencapsulation reaction. The chitosan solution storage tank 12 and the phospholipid suspension storage tank 13 respectively deliver raw materials to the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 through the metering pump 11, and the first composite sensor 9 in the microcapsule reaction kettle 10 monitors the mixing environment in real time to ensure the generation of chitosan-phospholipid double-layer microcapsules 18 containing functional strains and biosurfactants.

[0091] The chitosan-phospholipid double-layer microcapsules 18 are transported to the micro-nano bubble generating module through pressure-resistant silica gel pipes, the gas supply system 15 delivers gas to the Venturi bubble generator 17 through a pressure reducing valve, the microcapsule-water mixing system 21 mixes the microcapsules with water and then delivers them to the inlet of the Venturi bubble generator 17, and the bubble stabilizer adding unit 14 directly introduces or proportionally mixes the bubble stabilizer into the microcapsule mixed solution pipeline leading to the Venturi bubble generator 17 through the metering pump 11 to generate bubble-microcapsule complexes 19. The bubble-microcapsule complexes 19 enter the pipeline-type incubator 16 through the pipeline, the pipeline-type incubator prolongs the residence time of the bubble-microcapsule complexes 19 to make them form stable structures and then are delivered to the injection well unit.

[0092] The injection well unit adopts a phased pulse injection strategy. In the pilot injection stage, the bubble-microcapsule complexes 19 are preferentially injected and injected for 2-4 hours, the complexes are delivered to the target contaminated area through the first channel 25, and when they contact the tar pollutant surface, they break and release functional strains and biosurfactants, improve the hydrophobicity of the tar surface, and establish an initial bacterial population. In the main body synergistic injection stage, the bacterial solution, the activated persulfate solution 22, and the bacterial solution are sequentially and alternately injected in pulses, the bacterial solution is delivered through the first channel 25, and the activated persulfate solution 22 is delivered through the second channel 26, and the injection interval of the bacterial solution and the activated persulfate solution 22 is not less than 2 hours.

[0093] The maintenance injection stage continues to inject the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 for 7-10 days to completely degrade the residual pollutants and prevent rebound. The second composite sensor 23 at the bottom of the injection well monitors the injection pressure and flow rate in real time, and when the pressure fluctuates abnormally, the automatic control module 27 dynamically adjusts the injection flow rate and proportion of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 and the activated persulfate solution 22.

[0094] The monitoring unit collects physical and chemical parameters in real time during the degradation process through a sensor network, including temperature, pH value, oxidation-reduction potential, and pollutant concentration. The data processing unit analyzes the collected data, and the control instruction generation module predicts the degradation endpoint according to the pollutant concentration decline rate trend and reduces the injection pump injection rate in advance. After the treatment stage is over, the detection unit and data analysis unit are activated again to evaluate the treatment effect by comparing the changes in the three-dimensional spatial distribution model before and after treatment, and to decide on subsequent treatment strategies.

[0095] In the above process, the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 is designed to achieve simultaneous delivery of functional strains and biosurfactants. The functional strains released after the rupture of the bubble-microcapsule complex 19 can change the hydrophobicity of the tar surface in situ, thereby improving the penetration efficiency and oxidation effect of the subsequent activated persulfate solution 22. The injection of the activated persulfate solution 22 further degrades the high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the tar pollutants, generating low molecular weight intermediates, and then through the re-injection of the bacterial solution, the complete degradation of the full spectrum of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is achieved. The entire system through multi-source data fusion detection, phased pulse injection strategy and closed-loop dynamic adjustment mechanism, builds a complete technical closed loop of "detection-analysis-degradation-feedback", significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of tar pollution treatment.

[0096] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for the coordinated treatment of tar detection and pollutant degradation in underground cavities of coalfields, characterized in that, include: The detection unit is used to collect physical field data of the target area; A data analysis unit, connected to the detection unit, is used to generate a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of tar-rich areas and underground cavities based on the physical field data. The formulation preparation unit is used to prepare bubble-microcapsule complex (19) and activated persulfate solution (22). The injection well unit is used to deploy based on the three-dimensional spatial distribution model and inject the bubble-microcapsule composite (19) and activated persulfate solution (22) into the target contaminated area; The monitoring unit is used to monitor changes in physicochemical parameters during the degradation process in real time and dynamically adjust the degradation strategy based on feedback information. The formulation preparation unit includes a bacterial agent pretreatment module, a microencapsulation reaction module, a micro / nano bubble generation module, and an intelligent activation optimization module; The microbial agent pretreatment module is used to prepare functional strain suspension (6). The microencapsulation reaction module is connected to the bacterial agent pretreatment module and is used to generate chitosan-phospholipid bilayer microcapsules (18) containing functional strains and biosurfactants based on the functional strain suspension (6). The micro-nano bubble generating module is connected to the microencapsulation reaction module and is used to form a bubble-microcapsule composite (19) based on the combination of microcapsules and micro-nano bubbles. The intelligent activation optimization module is used to activate the persulfate solution and dynamically optimize the activation parameters based on online monitoring data. The micro-nano bubble generating module includes a Venturi bubble generator (17), a gas supply system (15), a foam stabilizer addition unit (14), a microcapsule-water mixing system (21), and a pipeline curing device (16). The gas supply system (15) is connected to the gas inlet of the Venturi bubble generator (17); The foam stabilizer addition unit (14) is configured to introduce a foam stabilizer into the liquid entering the Venturi bubble generator (17); The microcapsule-water mixing system (21) is configured to provide a mixture of microcapsules and water and deliver it to the liquid inlet of the Venturi bubble generator (17); The Venturi bubble generator (17) is used to generate micro-nano bubbles according to the change of fluid pressure, and to combine the micro-nano bubbles with microcapsules to form a bubble-microcapsule composite (19). The pipeline curing device (16) is connected to the outlet pipe of the Venturi bubble generator (17) for homogenizing and stabilizing the bubble-microcapsule complex (19).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit includes a multi-band transient electromagnetic device, a gravimeter, a resistivity measuring device, and a magnetic force measuring device. The multi-band transient electromagnetic device is used to output dynamic frequency sweep signals. The low-frequency band is used to identify low-resistivity anomalies in underground cavities, and the high-frequency band is used to characterize the high-resistivity features of tar-rich areas.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data analysis unit includes a Bayesian inversion algorithm module, which is used to fuse transient electromagnetic data, gravity data, resistivity data and magnetic anomaly data; the Bayesian inversion algorithm module is used to establish a joint likelihood function to quantify the uncertainty of multi-source data, and output the three-dimensional spatial distribution model in the form of a posterior probability distribution.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microencapsulation reaction module includes a microencapsulation reactor (10), which integrates a first composite sensor (9) for monitoring the mixing environment of chitosan solution, phospholipid suspension and bacterial agent suspension.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection well unit is provided with a first channel (25) and a second channel (26). The first channel (25) is used to deliver the bubble-microcapsule composite (19), and the second channel (26) is used to deliver the activated persulfate solution (22). A second composite sensor (23) is installed at the bottom of the injection well unit to adjust the injection process according to the real-time monitored injection parameters.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system is used to employ a staged pulse injection strategy, including: During the pilot injection phase, the bubble-microcapsule complex (19) is injected preferentially through the first channel (25) for 2-4 hours; In the main body co-injection stage, the bubble-microcapsule complex (19) is injected through the first channel (25), the activated persulfate solution (22) is injected through the second channel (26), and the bubble-microcapsule complex (19) is injected through the first channel (25) in a sequential pulse alternation, and the interval between the injection of the bubble-microcapsule complex (19) and the activated persulfate solution (22) is not less than 2 hours. During the maintenance injection phase, after the pollutant concentration has decreased significantly, the bubble-microcapsule complex (19) is continuously injected through the first channel (25) for 7-10 days.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit includes a sensor network, a data processing unit, and a control command generation module; the sensor network is used to collect the physicochemical parameters in real time; the data processing unit is configured to analyze and process the collected data; the control command generation module is used to generate control commands based on the analysis results to dynamically adjust the degradation strategy.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control command generation module is used to predict the degradation endpoint and adjust the injection parameters based on the rate trend of pollutant concentration decrease. The system is also used to reactivate the detection unit and the data analysis unit after the governance phase is completed in order to evaluate the governance effect and make decisions on subsequent strategies.

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