Aircraft landing interval pentagonal slope distance automatic calculation method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an aircraft landing interval pentagonal slant distance automatic calculation method and system, and relates to the aviation field, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an inbound flight data set, sorting flights in the inbound flight data set, and obtaining an ordered flight sequence; for each flight in the ordered flight sequence, judging whether the flight can serve as a front flight or not; if yes, obtaining an original flight path point set of the flight; screening out flight path points meeting a preset requirement from the original flight path point set of the flight, and taking the flight path points as an effective flight path point set of the flight; according to the effective track point set of the flight, obtaining a runway and an actual landing point of the flight; and according to the actual landing point of the flight, finding out the rear aircraft of the flight, and determining the spatial distance and the interval type between the flight and the rear aircraft. The space distance between the front machine and the rear machine can be accurately calculated, the interval type is automatically judged, and manual intervention is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aircraft landing interval calculation technology, and in particular to an automatic calculation method and system for the five-sided slant distance of aircraft landing interval. Background Technology

[0002] Airport approach control is a crucial component of air traffic management, requiring precise calculation of landing separations between aircraft to ensure flight safety. Landing separations are categorized into two types: runway separation and slant separation. Runway separation refers to aircraft using the same side and row of runways (e.g., 02L and 02R), while slant separation refers to aircraft using runways on different sides or in different rows (e.g., 02L and 20L). The five-sided slant separation refers to the actual spatial distance between aircraft during the approach phase (five-sided approach), and is a key indicator for assessing whether control separation meets safety standards.

[0003] Currently, the main method for calculating aircraft landing intervals is the database timestamp-based interval calculation method. This method specifically includes: querying the landing timestamp (ALDT field) of inbound flights from the flight database; sorting the flights according to the landing timestamp; for each flight, finding the first flight with a landing time after it as the successor; calculating the landing time difference between the successor and successor as the interval; and manually determining whether the successor and successor are on the same runway or on a slant distance based on the runway numbers of the successor and successor.

[0004] However, this method only uses the landing timestamp (ALDT) from the database. This timestamp may be the planned time or the system-recorded time, not the actual time the aircraft touches the ground. Since aircraft may perform go-arounds or circle during approach, the actual landing point may deviate significantly from the database record, leading to inaccurate interval calculations. Furthermore, this method can only calculate the time interval, not the actual spatial distance between preceding and following aircraft. In approach control, spatial distance is a more accurate reflection of safe separation than time interval, especially when using different runways and approach paths. Two pairs of flights with the same time interval may have vastly different spatial distances. Moreover, this method simply searches for the following aircraft in chronological order. When multiple preceding aircraft land almost simultaneously (on different runways), it may identify the same following aircraft as the following of multiple preceding aircraft, leading to data duplication and statistical errors. For example, if aircraft A and B land almost simultaneously, they may both identify aircraft C as their following aircraft.

[0005] Furthermore, this method requires manual judgment of runway and slant distance, and cannot automatically identify them based on runway configuration. Determining runway and slant distance requires comprehensive consideration of the runway's side (N-side or S-side) and column (same column or different columns), which is prone to errors and inefficient when judged manually. In addition, when track data is interrupted or missing, this method cannot accurately determine the runway and landing point, leading to calculation failures or inaccurate results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this invention proposes an automatic calculation method and system for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing intervals.

[0007] This invention proposes an automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing intervals based on flight track data, comprising: Obtain the inbound flight data set, and sort the flights in ascending order according to their arrival timestamps to obtain an ordered flight sequence; For each flight in the ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be the preceding aircraft; if so, obtain the original set of waypoints for the flight; select waypoints that meet preset requirements from the original set of waypoints for the flight, and combine the waypoints that meet the preset requirements as the set of valid waypoints for the flight; based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, automatically identify the runway for the flight to obtain the runway; identify the landing point for the flight based on the runway to obtain the actual landing point for the flight; based on the actual landing point for the flight, find the following aircraft from the ordered flight sequence, and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft. Based on the runway configuration information of the flight and its following aircraft, determine the type of spatial interval between the flight and its following aircraft.

[0008] Preferably, the original set of waypoints for the flight is obtained, specifically including: Based on the flight number and flight date, retrieve all track points for the flight from the track database and combine them into an original track point set.

[0009] Preferably, based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified, specifically including: Obtain the configuration information of all preset runways for this flight; initialize the count of waypoints in each preset runway; For each track point in the set of valid track points for the flight, the algorithm for determining the point within the polygon is used to determine the preset runway where each track point will land. When iterating through the set of valid waypoints for a flight, the preset runway with the most waypoints is selected as the runway for that flight.

[0010] Preferably, the runway for the flight is identified to obtain the actual landing point of the flight, specifically including: Obtain the coordinates of the theoretical landing point of the flight based on the preset runway configuration; For each trackpoint in the set of valid trackpoints for this flight, the distance between each trackpoint and the theoretical landing point is calculated using the Haversine formula: Determine if the distance between each track point and the theoretical landing point is less than a first preset distance; if so, take that track point as the closest point; otherwise, the process ends. After traversing the set of valid flight track points, determine if there is a nearest point; if so, select the track point corresponding to the minimum value from the nearest points as the actual landing point of the flight.

[0011] Preferably, based on the actual landing point of the flight, the subsequent aircraft of the flight is located from the ordered flight sequence, specifically including: Based on the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight, find flights with landing timestamps greater than the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight from the ordered flight sequence as candidate successors to the flight. Build and initialize a candidate follow-up aircraft list for this flight; For each candidate follow-up aircraft for the flight, determine whether the candidate follow-up aircraft has been used; if so, the process ends; if not, find the coordinates of the candidate follow-up aircraft at the landing timestamp of the flight. Based on the coordinates of the actual landing point of the flight, determine whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area: if not, the process ends; if so, calculate the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the flight. Determine whether the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the current flight is less than or equal to a second preset distance; if not, the process ends; if so, add the candidate aircraft and the spatial distance between the aircraft in front and behind the current flight to the candidate list. When iterating through the candidate aircraft following a flight, check if the list of candidate aircraft following a flight is empty. If it is, determine that the flight has no aircraft following a flight. If not, find the candidate aircraft following the flight with the minimum spatial distance between the aircraft following and the aircraft following the flight from the list of candidate aircraft following a flight and mark the aircraft following the flight as used.

[0012] Preferably, determining whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area specifically includes: Obtain the runway configuration information for the candidate aircraft; Based on the runway configuration information of the candidate aircraft, the corresponding approach route area polygon is obtained; using a point-within-polygon judgment algorithm, it is determined whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area.

[0013] Preferably, when traversing each flight in the ordered flight sequence, a pentagonal slant distance result table is generated; wherein, the pentagonal slant distance result table includes preceding aircraft information, following aircraft information, interval information, and valid markers.

[0014] Preferably, before determining whether a flight can be used as a preceding flight for each flight in the ordered flight sequence, the method further includes: constructing and initializing a set of used successor flights for the ordered flight sequence; After determining the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and its successor aircraft, the process also includes: adding the flight, the successor aircraft of the flight, the spatial distance between them, and the interval type to the set of used successor aircraft.

[0015] Preferably, before marking the rear aircraft of the flight as used, the method further includes: performing a double inspection on the rear aircraft of the flight; The double check includes: a first check and a second check; The first check is to check whether the following aircraft of the flight is an existing following aircraft in the used following aircraft group; if yes, the check is deemed to have failed; if no, the check is deemed to have passed. The second check is to check whether the aircraft following the flight is a pre-set aircraft in the database that has already been used by other flights; if so, the check is deemed to have failed; if not, the check is deemed to have passed. If either of the two tests fails, the double test is considered to have failed; if both the first and second tests pass, the double test is considered to have succeeded.

[0016] Preferably, the interval types include same-track and slant-distance; Among these, based on the runway configuration information of the flight and its following aircraft, the type of spatial interval between the flight and its following aircraft is determined, specifically including: Based on the runway configuration information for this flight, the side and column to which the runway head belongs are determined; the side is divided into the N side and the S side. Based on the runway configuration information of the aircraft following the flight, the side and column to which the runway head of the aircraft following the flight belongs can be obtained; Determine the type of spatial interval between the flight and the aircraft following it based on the side and column of the runway head. If the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are on the same side and of the same type, then the spatial distance interval between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be the same runway. If the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are not on the same side, or are on the same side but belong to different columns, then the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be slant distance.

[0017] Secondly, this invention also proposes an automatic calculation system for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing intervals based on flight track data, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the inbound flight data set and the original track point set of each flight in the inbound flight data set; The processing unit is used to sort the flights in ascending order based on the arrival timestamps of the flights in the inbound flight data set to obtain an ordered flight sequence; For each flight in the ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be the preceding aircraft. If so, select the flight points that meet the preset requirements from the original set of flight points, and combine the set of flight points that meet the preset requirements as the set of valid flight points. Based on the set of valid flight points, automatically identify the runway of the flight to obtain the runway. Identify the landing point of the flight's runway to obtain the actual landing point of the flight. Based on the actual landing point of the flight, find the following aircraft from the ordered flight sequence and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft. Based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the following aircraft, determine the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft.

[0018] The proposed automatic calculation method and system for aircraft landing separation slant distance in this invention filters out track points that meet preset requirements from the original track point set of flights that can serve as preceding aircraft in an ordered flight sequence, and combines the track points that meet the preset requirements as the effective track point set of the flight; based on the effective track point set of the flight, the runway of the flight is automatically identified to obtain the runway of the flight; the landing point of the flight is identified by the runway of the flight, and the actual landing point of the flight is automatically identified, and the spatial distance between the preceding and following aircraft is accurately calculated based on the effective track point set of the preceding and following aircraft, providing a more accurate separation evaluation index than the time interval; moreover, it can automatically determine the separation type of the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the following aircraft, without the need for manual intervention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Firstly, referring to Figure 1 The present invention proposes an automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data, comprising: Obtain the collection of inbound flight data; The flights are sorted in ascending order based on their arrival timestamps in the inbound flight data set to obtain an ordered flight sequence. For each flight in the ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be the preceding flight; if not, end the process; if yes, obtain the original set of waypoints for the flight. Select the track points that meet the preset requirements from the original track point set of the flight, and combine the track points that meet the preset requirements as the valid track point set of the flight. Based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified, and the runway for the flight is obtained. The runway landing point of the flight is identified to obtain the actual landing point of the flight; Based on the actual landing point of the flight, find the aircraft following the flight from the ordered flight sequence, and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the aircraft following it. Based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the following aircraft, determine the type of spatial distance interval between the flight and the following aircraft.

[0022] This invention can filter out track points that meet preset requirements from the original track point set of flights that can serve as preceding aircraft in an ordered flight sequence, and combine the track points that meet the preset requirements as the effective track point set of the flight; based on the effective track point set of the flight, the runway of the flight is automatically identified to obtain the runway of the flight; the landing point of the flight is identified by the runway, and the actual landing point of the flight is automatically identified; and the spatial distance between the preceding and following aircraft is accurately calculated based on the effective track point sets of the preceding and following aircraft, providing a more accurate interval assessment index than the time interval; moreover, it can automatically determine the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the following aircraft, without the need for manual intervention.

[0023] In this embodiment, the inbound flight data set F includes multiple flights, each of which includes flight number, date, landing timestamp, airline, runway, speed, aircraft type, and flow class.

[0024] In this embodiment, before determining whether each flight in the ordered flight sequence can be used as the preceding flight, the method further includes: constructing and initializing a set of used following flights for the ordered flight sequence to avoid duplicate identification; After determining the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and its successor aircraft, the process also includes: adding the flight, the successor aircraft of the flight, the spatial distance between them, and the interval type to the set of used successor aircraft.

[0025] This embodiment maintains a set of used successor machines. Each time a pair of successor and successor machines is identified, it is recorded in the set of used successor machines. This set of used successor machines is used to verify whether the successor machine has already been used when determining subsequent successor machines, thereby ensuring that a successor machine can only be used by one successor machine and avoiding the situation where multiple successor machines simultaneously identify the same successor machine.

[0026] The ordered flight sequence is represented as follows: ; In this embodiment, after the flight track data for each flight is stored in the track database, data integrity verification is performed on the flight track data for each flight, with a maximum of 5 retries, each with a 1-second interval, to ensure that the track data has been successfully written to the track database. If the verification fails, a warning is recorded but subsequent analysis continues to avoid indefinite waiting.

[0027] In this embodiment, initializing the set of used aircraft in the ordered flight sequence specifically includes: Idempotency processing is performed on the set of used aircraft for the ordered flight sequence to delete existing landing interval records corresponding to the currently processed ordered flight sequence, ensuring data consistency during reanalysis.

[0028] In this embodiment, obtaining the original set of waypoints for the flight specifically includes: Based on the flight number and flight date, retrieve all track points for the flight from the track database and combine them into an original track point set.

[0029] It's important to understand that the original coordinates of the waypoints are in the WGS84 coordinate system, which needs to be converted to the GCJ02 coordinate system (the Mars coordinate system used by Amap) to match the map system.

[0030] The preset requirement in this embodiment is: altitude ≤ 600 meters. It should be understood that waypoints at an altitude ≤ 600 meters represent the aircraft's trajectory during the approach phase (five-sided approach).

[0031] In a further embodiment, after selecting the waypoints that meet the preset requirements from the original set of waypoints for the flight, the method further includes: Extract the attribute data for each track point that meets the preset requirements; the attribute data includes: latitude and longitude coordinates (lon, lat), timestamp ts, altitude alt_m, speed speed_kmh, and wake class wtc.

[0032] It's important to understand that the altitude `alt_m` is converted from the `MEASURED FLIGHT LEVEL` field (unit: feet to meters, conversion factor: 1 foot = 0.3048 meters). The timestamp `ts` is calculated based on the `TOD` field (offset in seconds to the current day's UTC time): the date is extracted from the `adc_insert_time` or `adc_insert_utc_time` field, the timestamp for that day's UTC 00:00:00 is calculated, the `TOD` seconds are added, and then 8 hours (East 8th time zone offset) are added to obtain the East 8th time zone timestamp. Speed ​​acquisition uses an intelligent lookup mechanism: it prioritizes using the `INDICATED AIRSPEED` (indicating airspeed in knots) of the current point; if it's empty, it uses `AIRSPEED` (the unit is determined based on the value range: values ​​> 500 are considered km / h, otherwise considered knots and converted to km / h); if the current point's speed is empty, it searches up to 3 subsequent points to attempt to obtain the speed value, ensuring the integrity of the speed data.

[0033] In this embodiment, based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified, specifically including: Obtain the configuration information of all preset runways for this flight, and initialize the count of waypoints in each preset runway; For each track point in the set of valid track points for the flight, the algorithm for determining the point within the polygon is used to determine the preset runway where each track point will land. When iterating through the set of valid waypoints for a flight, the preset runway with the most waypoints is selected as the runway for that flight.

[0034] This embodiment identifies the runway used by the aircraft by statistically analyzing the distribution of all track points within the polygonal range of each preset runway and identifying the preset runway with the most track points. This approach can handle abnormal track data and improve computational robustness.

[0035] The initialization of the trackpoint count for each runway includes: Create an empty counter dictionary to record the number of track points matched by each runway; iterate through each preset runway in the input preset runway configuration, create an entry for each preset runway in the counter dictionary, and set its initial count to 0.

[0036] This involves iterating through each valid waypoint in the set of valid waypoints for the flight, and using a point-within-a-polygon judgment algorithm to determine the preset runway for each waypoint. Specifically, this includes: Read each point in the set of valid waypoints in sequence. Obtain the latitude and longitude coordinates of the point and construct a coordinate point; For the current coordinate point, check each preset track in turn: For each preset runway, obtain the coordinates of the boundary polygon of the runway, and use the "point-to-polygon" algorithm to determine whether the current coordinate point is within the polygon of the runway. If yes, increment the counter of the preset runway by 1, stop checking the remaining runways for the current point, and start processing the next track point (because a point theoretically belongs to only one runway). If no, continue checking the next runway until it is determined that the current coordinate point is within the polygon of a preset runway.

[0037] Among these, the pre-defined runway with the most waypoints is selected as the runway for this flight, specifically including: After traversing and judging all track points in the valid track point set, check the runway counter; find the preset runway with the largest count in the counter dictionary; and use the preset runway as the runway for this flight.

[0038] In this embodiment, the landing point of the flight is identified by identifying the runway, specifically including: Obtain the coordinates of the theoretical landing point of the flight based on the preset runway configuration; For each trackpoint in the set of valid trackpoints for this flight, the distance between each trackpoint and the theoretical landing point is calculated using the Haversine formula: Determine whether the distance between each track point and the theoretical landing point is less than the first preset distance; if so, take the track point as the closest point; if not, the process ends and the calculation and judgment of the next track point begins. After traversing the set of valid track points for the flight, determine if there is a nearest point. If so, select the track point corresponding to the minimum value from the nearest points, that is, the track point closest to the runway landing point, as the actual landing point of the flight, and record the attribute information of the actual landing point. If not, record the information of the track point closest to the theoretical landing point as diagnostic information, and return a null value to facilitate subsequent analysis of the case where no landing point was found.

[0039] This embodiment, through reasonable radius setting and coordinate system processing, can reliably identify the actual location of the aircraft contacting the runway.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the first preset distance is 180 meters to avoid missing the actual landing point due to GPS errors.

[0041] It is important to understand that the theoretical landing point coordinates of the runway configuration are in the WGS84 coordinate system, while the track points in this embodiment have been converted to the GCJ02 coordinate system. Therefore, it is necessary to unify the coordinate systems in order to perform distance calculations under the same coordinate system.

[0042] The specific distance between each trackpoint and the theoretical landing point is as follows: distance = Haversine Distance([lon, lat], runway_landing_point); where distance is the distance between the track point and the theoretical landing point, runway_landing_point is the theoretical landing point, (lon,lat) are the latitude and longitude coordinates of the flight, and Haversine Distance is the Haversine algorithm.

[0043] It's important to understand that the Haversine formula is used to calculate the great circle distance (spherical distance) between two points on the Earth's surface. This formula takes into account the Earth's curvature and is applicable to calculating the actual spatial distance between aircraft.

[0044] In this embodiment, the attribute information of the actual landing point of the preceding flight includes coordinates (lon_front, lat_front), timestamp ts_front, speed speed_kmh_front, and wake turbulence level wtc_front.

[0045] This embodiment analyzes trackpoints at altitudes ≤ 600 meters and combines them with the landing point coordinates of the runway configuration to automatically identify the closest trackpoint within a 180-meter range as the actual landing point, thereby obtaining the accurate timestamp and coordinates of the actual landing point.

[0046] In this embodiment, based on the actual landing point of the flight, the subsequent aircraft of the flight is found from the ordered flight sequence, specifically including: Based on the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight, find flights with landing timestamps greater than the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight from the ordered flight sequence as candidate successors to the flight. Build and initialize a candidate follow-up aircraft list for this flight; For each candidate aircraft following the flight, determine whether the candidate aircraft has been used, i.e., whether it is already in the set of used aircraft. If yes, the process ends and the candidate aircraft is skipped. If no, find the coordinates of the candidate aircraft at the landing timestamp of the flight. Based on the coordinates of the actual landing point of the flight, determine whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area: if not, the process ends and the candidate aircraft is skipped; if yes, calculate the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the flight. Determine whether the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the current flight is less than or equal to a second preset distance; if not, the process ends and the candidate aircraft is skipped; if so, the candidate aircraft and the spatial distance between the aircraft in front and behind it are added to the candidate list. When iterating through the candidate aircraft following a flight, check if the candidate aircraft following list is empty. If it is, determine that the flight has no aircraft following it, end the process, and start the next flight. If not, find the candidate aircraft following the flight with the minimum spatial distance between the aircraft following and the aircraft following it from the candidate aircraft following list as the final aircraft following the flight, and mark the aircraft following the flight as used.

[0047] It's important to understand that the process of finding the coordinates of the candidate aircraft at the landing timestamp of the preceding flight involves first searching the set of valid trackpoints for the candidate aircraft for the trackpoint whose timestamp is closest to the actual landing timestamp of the preceding flight. If no exact match is found, the earliest available trackpoint after the actual landing timestamp of the preceding aircraft is searched (the timestamp must be greater than or equal to the actual landing timestamp), ensuring that a suitable coordinate point can be found even if there are time intervals in the track data. Its coordinates, speed, and wake turbulence level are recorded. Speed ​​acquisition also employs an intelligent search mechanism: Indicated Airspeed (I) is used first; if it is empty, ground speed or other speeds are used; if the current speed is empty, a maximum of three subsequent points are searched.

[0048] This embodiment is configured in such a way that it can handle abnormal situations such as interruption or loss of track data, effectively improving computational robustness.

[0049] In this embodiment, the candidate successor list is sorted in ascending order according to the landing timestamp.

[0050] In this embodiment, the second preset distance is 20km.

[0051] In a further embodiment, determining whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area specifically includes: Obtain the runway configuration information for the candidate aircraft; Based on the runway configuration information of the candidate aircraft, the corresponding approach route area polygon is obtained; using a point-within-polygon judgment algorithm, it is determined whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area.

[0052] This embodiment uses waypoints to determine the approach route area, which can handle abnormal situations such as interruption or missing waypoint data and improve computational robustness.

[0053] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the runway configuration information of the candidate aircraft is determined first from the flight track data of the candidate aircraft. If it cannot be determined, the ARWY (runway) field in the preset database is used as a backup.

[0054] In this embodiment, calculating the spatial distance between the flight and its following aircraft specifically includes: The Haversine formula is used to calculate the distance between the actual landing point of the flight and the coordinates of the time stamp of the subsequent aircraft at the actual landing point of the flight.

[0055] Among them, distance_km = Haversine Distance([lon_front, lat_front], [lon_rear_at_time, lat_rear_at_time]); In the formula, distance_km represents the distance between the actual landing point of the flight and the coordinates of the subsequent aircraft at the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight, [lon_front, lat_front] is the coordinate of the actual landing point of the flight, and [lon_rear_at_time, lat_rear_at_time] is the coordinate of the subsequent aircraft at the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight.

[0056] In a further embodiment, before marking the rear aircraft of the flight as used, the method further includes: performing a double inspection on the rear aircraft of the flight.

[0057] The dual verification in this embodiment includes: a first verification and a second verification; The first check is to check whether the following aircraft of the flight is an existing following aircraft in the used following aircraft group; if yes, the check is deemed to have failed; if no, the check is deemed to have passed. The second check is to check whether the aircraft following the flight is a pre-set aircraft in the database that has already been used by other flights; if so, the check is deemed to have failed; if not, the check is deemed to have passed. If either of the two tests fails, the double test is considered to have failed; if both the first and second tests pass, the double test is considered to have succeeded.

[0058] When the double verification is successful, the aircraft following the flight is marked as used and added to the set of used aircraft following the flight.

[0059] When multiple predecessors land almost simultaneously, the first predecessor will find the successor and mark it as used. Subsequent predecessors will automatically exclude the successor during their searches (whether from the memory set or the database record), avoiding duplicate identification. This mechanism can handle duplicate identification across batches and time periods, ensuring that a successor can only be used by one predecessor, thus ensuring data accuracy.

[0060] The interval types in this embodiment include same-track and slant-distance.

[0061] In this embodiment, based on the runway configuration information of the flight and its following aircraft, the spatial distance interval type between the flight and its following aircraft is determined, specifically including: Based on the runway configuration information for this flight, the side and column to which the runway head belongs are determined; the side is divided into the N side and the S side. Based on the runway configuration information of the aircraft following the flight, the side and column to which the runway head of the aircraft following the flight belongs can be obtained; Determine the type of spatial interval between the flight and the aircraft following it based on the side and column of the runway to which the flight and the aircraft following it belong.

[0062] Among them, if the runways of the flight and the following aircraft are on the same side and of the same type, the spatial distance interval between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be the same runway. If the runways of the flight and the following aircraft are not on the same side, or on the same side but in different columns, the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be a slant distance.

[0063] In this embodiment, when traversing each flight in the ordered flight sequence, a pentagonal slant distance result table is generated; wherein, the pentagonal slant distance result table includes preceding aircraft information, following aircraft information, interval information, and valid markers.

[0064] The preceding aircraft information includes flight number, airline, runway, actual landing timestamp, speed, aircraft type, and wake turbulence level.

[0065] The information for the following aircraft includes flight number, airline, runway, actual landing timestamp, speed (using the speed of the following aircraft at the landing point timestamp of the preceding aircraft), aircraft type, and wake turbulence level.

[0066] The interval information includes spatial distance (unit: kilometers) and interval type (1=same track, 2=slant distance).

[0067] The validity flag includes the valid field, where 1 = valid, indicating that there is a follow-up mechanism and the judgment is normal; 0 = invalid, indicating that there is no follow-up mechanism or the judgment failed.

[0068] The pentagonal slope distance result table in this embodiment also includes notes information. These notes information includes a "notes" field. The "notes" field is in JSON format and is used to record debugging information such as the reasons for errors and failures during the judgment process.

[0069] In this case, the runway to which the following aircraft belongs is determined by querying the flight path data of the following aircraft and counting the number of flight path points falling in each runway area. If it cannot be determined by the flight path data, the runway field in the database is used as a backup.

[0070] This embodiment retrieves the inbound flight data set from a preset database and stores the generated pentagonal slant distance result table into the database.

[0071] Secondly, the present invention proposes an automatic calculation system for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing intervals based on flight track data, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the inbound flight data set and the original track point set of each flight in the inbound flight data set; The processing unit is used to sort the flights in ascending order based on the arrival timestamps of the flights in the inbound flight data set to obtain an ordered flight sequence; For each flight in the ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be the preceding aircraft. If so, select the flight points that meet the preset requirements from the original set of flight points, and combine the set of flight points that meet the preset requirements as the set of valid flight points. Based on the set of valid flight points, automatically identify the runway of the flight to obtain the runway. Identify the landing point of the flight's runway to obtain the actual landing point of the flight. Based on the actual landing point of the flight, find the following aircraft from the ordered flight sequence and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft. Based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the following aircraft, determine the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft.

[0072] This embodiment obtains a set of inbound flight data.

[0073] This includes obtaining the original set of waypoints for the flight, specifically: Based on the flight number and flight date, retrieve all track points for the flight from the track database and combine them into an original track point set.

[0074] Specifically, based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified, and the runway for the flight is obtained, including: Obtain the configuration information of all preset runways for this flight; initialize the count of waypoints in each preset runway; For each track point in the set of valid track points for the flight, the algorithm for determining the point within the polygon is used to determine the preset runway where each track point will land. When iterating through the set of valid waypoints for a flight, the preset runway with the most waypoints is selected as the runway for that flight.

[0075] This includes identifying the flight's landing point on the runway to determine its actual landing point, specifically including: Obtain the coordinates of the theoretical landing point of the flight based on the preset runway configuration; For each trackpoint in the set of valid trackpoints for this flight, the distance between each trackpoint and the theoretical landing point is calculated using the Haversine formula: Determine if the distance between each track point and the theoretical landing point is less than a first preset distance; if so, take that track point as the closest point; otherwise, the process ends. After traversing the set of valid flight track points, determine if there is a nearest point; if so, select the track point corresponding to the minimum value from the nearest points as the actual landing point of the flight.

[0076] This includes locating the subsequent aircraft of the flight from the ordered flight sequence based on the flight's actual landing point, specifically including: Based on the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight, find flights with landing timestamps greater than the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight from the ordered flight sequence as candidate successors to the flight. Build and initialize a candidate follow-up aircraft list for this flight; For each candidate follow-up aircraft for the flight, determine whether the candidate follow-up aircraft has been used; if so, the process ends; if not, find the coordinates of the candidate follow-up aircraft at the landing timestamp of the flight. Based on the coordinates of the actual landing point of the flight, determine whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area: if not, the process ends; if so, calculate the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the flight. Determine whether the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the current flight is less than or equal to a second preset distance; if not, the process ends; if so, add the candidate aircraft and the spatial distance between the aircraft in front and behind the current flight to the candidate list. When iterating through the candidate aircraft following a flight, check if the list of candidate aircraft following a flight is empty. If it is, determine that the flight has no aircraft following it and the process ends. If not, find the candidate aircraft following the flight with the minimum spatial distance between the aircraft following and the aircraft following the flight from the list of candidate aircraft following it and use it as the final aircraft following the flight. Mark the aircraft following the flight as used.

[0077] In this embodiment, the process of determining whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area specifically includes: Obtain the runway configuration information for the candidate aircraft; Based on the runway configuration information of the candidate aircraft, the corresponding approach route area polygon is obtained; using a point-within-polygon judgment algorithm, it is determined whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area.

[0078] In this embodiment, the calculation process for the spatial distance between the flight and its following aircraft specifically includes: The Haversine formula is used to calculate the distance between the actual landing point of the flight and the coordinates of the time stamp of the subsequent aircraft at the actual landing point of the flight.

[0079] The interval types in this embodiment include same track and slant spacing; In this embodiment, the process of determining the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and its following aircraft specifically includes: Based on the runway configuration information for this flight, the side and column to which the runway head belongs are determined; the side is divided into the N side and the S side. Based on the runway configuration information of the aircraft following the flight, the side and column to which the runway head of the aircraft following the flight belongs can be obtained; Determine the type of spatial interval between the flight and the aircraft following it based on the side and column of the runway head. If the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are on the same side and of the same type, then the spatial distance interval between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be the same runway. If the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are not on the same side, or are on the same side but belong to different columns, then the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be slant distance.

[0080] Before determining whether a flight can be used as a preceding flight for each flight in the ordered flight sequence, the processing module in this embodiment is also used to construct and initialize a set of used successor flights for the ordered flight sequence. After determining the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and its successor aircraft, it is also used to add the flight, its successor aircraft, the spatial distance between them, and the interval type to the set of used successor aircraft.

[0081] Before marking the aircraft following the flight as used, the processing module in this embodiment also performs a double check on the aircraft following the flight. The double check includes: a first check and a second check; The first check is to check whether the following aircraft of the flight is an existing following aircraft in the used following aircraft group; if yes, the check is deemed to have failed; if no, the check is deemed to have passed. The second check is to check whether the aircraft following the flight is one that has already been used by other flights in the database; if so, the check fails; if not, the check passes. If either of the two tests fails, the double test is considered to have failed; if both the first and second tests pass, the double test is considered to have succeeded.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically calculating the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing intervals based on flight track data, characterized in that, include: Obtain the inbound flight data set, and sort the flights in ascending order according to their arrival timestamps to obtain an ordered flight sequence; For each flight in an ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be used as the preceding flight; If so, then obtain the original set of waypoints for that flight; Select the track points that meet the preset requirements from the original track point set of the flight, and combine the track points that meet the preset requirements as the valid track point set of the flight. Based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified to obtain the runway; the landing point for the flight is identified based on the runway to obtain the actual landing point for the flight. Based on the actual landing point of the flight, find the aircraft following the flight from the ordered flight sequence and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the aircraft following it; based on the runway configuration information of the flight and the aircraft following it, determine the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and the aircraft following it.

2. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the original set of waypoints for this flight, specifically including: Based on the flight number and flight date, retrieve all track points for the flight from the track database and combine them into an original track point set.

3. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the set of valid waypoints for the flight, the runway for the flight is automatically identified, specifically including: Obtain the configuration information of all preset runways for this flight; initialize the count of waypoints in each preset runway; For each track point in the set of valid track points for the flight, the algorithm for determining the point within the polygon is used to determine the preset runway where each track point will land. When iterating through the set of valid waypoints for a flight, the preset runway with the most waypoints is selected as the runway for that flight.

4. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The runway landing point of the flight is identified to obtain the actual landing point of the flight, specifically including: Obtain the coordinates of the theoretical landing point of the flight based on the preset runway configuration; For each trackpoint in the set of valid trackpoints for this flight, the distance between each trackpoint and the theoretical landing point is calculated using the Haversine formula: Determine if the distance between each track point and the theoretical landing point is less than a first preset distance; if so, take that track point as the closest point; otherwise, the process ends. After traversing the set of valid flight track points, determine if there is a nearest point; if so, select the track point corresponding to the minimum value from the nearest points as the actual landing point of the flight.

5. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the actual landing point of the flight, locate the subsequent aircraft from the ordered flight sequence, specifically including: Based on the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight, find flights with landing timestamps greater than the timestamp of the actual landing point of the flight from the ordered flight sequence as candidate successors to the flight. Build and initialize a candidate follow-up aircraft list for this flight; For each candidate follow-up aircraft for the flight, determine whether the candidate follow-up aircraft has been used; if so, the process ends; if not, find the coordinates of the candidate follow-up aircraft at the landing timestamp of the flight. Based on the coordinates of the actual landing point of the flight, determine whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area: if not, the process ends; if so, calculate the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the flight. Determine whether the spatial distance between the candidate aircraft and the aircraft in front and behind the current flight is less than or equal to a second preset distance; if not, the process ends; if so, add the candidate aircraft and the spatial distance between the aircraft in front and behind the current flight to the candidate list. When iterating through the candidate aircraft following a flight, check if the list of candidate aircraft following a flight is empty. If it is, determine that the flight has no aircraft following a flight. If not, find the candidate aircraft following the flight with the minimum spatial distance between the aircraft following and the aircraft following the flight from the list of candidate aircraft following a flight and mark the aircraft following the flight as used.

6. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area specifically includes: Obtain the runway configuration information for the candidate aircraft; Based on the runway configuration information of the candidate aircraft, the corresponding approach route area polygon is obtained; using a point-within-polygon judgment algorithm, it is determined whether the coordinates of the candidate aircraft are within the approach route area.

7. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Interval types include same-track and slant-distance; Among these, based on the runway configuration information of the flight and its following aircraft, the type of spatial interval between the flight and its following aircraft is determined, specifically including: Based on the runway configuration information for this flight, the side and column to which the runway head belongs are determined; the side is divided into the N side and the S side. Based on the runway configuration information of the flight and its following aircraft, the side and column to which the runway head of the flight and its following aircraft belong can be obtained; Determine the type of spatial interval between the flight and the aircraft following it based on the side and column of the runway head. When the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are on the same side and of the same type, the spatial distance interval between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be of the same runway type. If the runway noses of the flight and the following aircraft are not on the same side, or are on the same side but belong to different columns, then the spatial distance between the flight and the following aircraft is determined to be slant distance.

8. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining whether a flight can be used as a preceding flight for each flight in an ordered flight sequence, the process also includes: constructing and initializing a set of used successor flights for the ordered flight sequence; After determining the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and its successor aircraft, the process also includes: adding the flight, the successor aircraft of the flight, the spatial distance between them, and the interval type to the set of used successor aircraft.

9. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before marking the rear aircraft of the flight as used, the process also includes: double-checking the rear aircraft of the flight; The double check includes: a first check and a second check; The first check is to check whether the following aircraft of the flight is an existing following aircraft in the used following aircraft group; if yes, the check is deemed to have failed; if no, the check is deemed to have passed. The second check is to check whether the aircraft following the flight is a pre-set aircraft in the database that has already been used by other flights; if so, the check is deemed to have failed; if not, the check is deemed to have passed. If either of the two tests fails, the double test is considered to have failed; if both the first and second tests pass, the double test is considered to have succeeded.

10. The automatic calculation method for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data according to claim 1, characterized in that, When traversing each flight in the ordered flight sequence, a pentagonal slant distance result table is generated; the pentagonal slant distance result table includes preceding flight information, following flight information, interval information, and valid markers.

11. An automatic calculation system for the pentagonal slant distance of aircraft landing interval based on flight track data, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the inbound flight data set and the original track point set of each flight in the inbound flight data set; The processing unit is used to sort the flights in ascending order based on the arrival timestamps of the flights in the inbound flight data set to obtain an ordered flight sequence; For each flight in an ordered flight sequence, determine whether the flight can be used as the preceding flight; If so, select the set of set points that meet the preset requirements from the original set of set points for the flight, and combine the set points that meet the preset requirements as the set of valid set points for the flight; based on the set of valid set points for the flight, automatically identify the runway for the flight to obtain the runway; identify the landing point for the flight to obtain the actual landing point; based on the actual landing point, find the aircraft following the flight from the ordered flight sequence and calculate the spatial distance between the flight and the aircraft following it; based on the runway configuration information between the flight and the aircraft following it, determine the interval type of the spatial distance between the flight and the aircraft following it.

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