Vibration energy recovery framework and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration energy recovery framework and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of vibration control, the vibration energy recovery framework comprises a mounting shell mounted on a rack, one end of the mounting shell is connected with a guide rod, the guide rod is slidably connected with a mass block, the mass block is fixedly provided with a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is used for generating a magnetic field, and the magnetic field is used for generating vibration energy. The guide rod is sleeved with a damper shell, and a coil is wound on the damper shell. The vibration energy recovery device has the advantages that vibration energy is recovered while vibration is reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a vibration energy recovery architecture and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the operation of a machine, large vibrations are inevitably generated. Taking an excavator as an example, the excavator is a large engineering machine, and during the operation of the excavator, the boom, the dipper arm and the bucket will generate significant vibrations under the frequent start-stop, impact and load change. On the one hand, these vibrations accelerate the fatigue and wear of the structural parts and the hydraulic elements, affecting the service life and operation stability of the equipment; on the other hand, the energy carried by the vibrations is often wasted in the form of mechanical dissipation or heat energy, and cannot be effectively utilized.

[0003] In the prior art, the treatment of excavator vibrations mostly adopts the way of structural reinforcement or damping absorption, the main purpose of which is to reduce vibration and noise, and the energy recovery function is not taken into account. In recent years, with the increasing demand for energy saving and emission reduction and green construction, how to collect and reuse the vibration energy generated by the engineering machine during the operation of the engineering machine has become one of the important directions of the energy saving technology research of the engineering machine.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can take into account vibration energy recovery, so as to reduce the structural vibration of the excavator, prolong the service life of the equipment, realize efficient conversion of vibration energy into electric energy, and provide renewable power for the excavator, thereby improving the energy efficiency and economy of the whole machine. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background. The first aspect provides a vibration energy recovery architecture, which generates electric current through the principle of a vibration magnetic field cutting coil.

[0006] The second aspect provides a control method applied to the vibration energy recovery architecture of the first aspect to realize energy recovery.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present application, the technical solution provided by the present application is a vibration energy recovery architecture, which comprises a mounting shell mounted on a rack, a guide rod connected to one end of the mounting shell, a mass block slidingly connected to the guide rod, a magnetic field provided on the mass block, a damper housing provided on the guide rod, and a coil wound on the damper housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mounting shell is provided with two groups, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the guide rod.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mounting shell is provided with an activity plate, one side of the activity plate is fixedly mounted with the guide rod, the other side of the activity plate is mounted with an elastic element, and the other end of the elastic element is mounted on the inner wall of one side of the mounting shell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the movable plate is slidingly connected in the mounting shell, and the sliding direction of the movable plate extends along the tangent direction of the connecting position of the guide rod and the movable plate, and the damper shell is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting shell.

[0011] In some embodiments, a permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the mass, and a coil is wound on the inner side wall of the damper shell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power management system and the control system are further included, the power management system is electrically connected to the coil, the power management system includes a converter, a filter and an energy management unit which are electrically connected, the converter is electrically connected to the coil, the energy management unit is electrically connected to the energy storage battery, the control system includes a controller and a vibration sensor, the vibration sensor is electrically connected to the controller, the vibration sensor is installed on the rack near the mounting shell, and the filter is electrically connected to the vibration sensor and the controller.

[0013] According to the second aspect of the present application, the present application provides a control method, including the following steps:

[0014] S1, system startup;

[0015] S2, vibration signal detection and processing;

[0016] S3, vibration energy recovery;

[0017] S4, vibration energy storage.

[0018] Further, S2, vibration signal detection and processing; the vibration signal is first collected by the sensor installed on the rack and transmitted to the control system; the signal is transmitted to the controller after being filtered to remove noise and smoothed; the controller extracts the frequency and amplitude characteristics of the vibration using fast Fourier transform; and the extracted results are compared with the preset energy recovery threshold to determine whether the vibration has sufficient energy density for effective recovery; if the condition is met, the controller sends a control signal to start energy recovery; if not, it enters standby or low-power mode, thereby avoiding invalid energy collection.

[0019] Further, S3, vibration energy generation; when the machine starts to work, the working components produce significant vibration, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet carried on the mass is cut by the coil when it moves, thereby generating alternating current at both ends of the coil.

[0020] Furthermore, S4, vibration energy storage; the alternating current generated at both ends of the coil enters the rectifier circuit of the power management system, is converted into direct current, and then passes through the filter capacitor of the filter to smooth voltage fluctuations; the stable direct current is input into the battery for storage; the battery is monitored in real time by the energy management unit during the charging process to prevent overcharging or damage; the stored electrical energy is then output as a stable voltage and current through the DC-DC converter.

[0021] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: 1. By structurally coupling the damper and the coil, and fixing the mass block and the permanent magnet together, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet vibrates and cuts the coil to generate current. 2. Through the relative movement between the permanent magnet on the mass block and the coil fixed on the outer shell, the magnetic field cuts the coil to generate an induced current, thereby producing a reaction force that suppresses the vibration of the system. 3. It reduces energy waste, meets environmental protection requirements, and helps reduce the overall carbon emissions of excavators.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration energy recovery architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the locations of the vibration energy recovery architecture installed on an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the attached diagram: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Elastic element; 3. Guide rod; 4. Coil; 5. Mass block; 6. Damper housing; 7. Bucket; 8. Stick; 9. Boom. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, a vibration energy recovery architecture (including vibration sensors) is installed on the bucket 7, stick 8, and boom 9 of the excavator.

[0030] Combination Figure 1As shown, the vibration energy recovery architecture of the embodiment includes two sets of mounting shells 1 mounted on the excavator frame, a movable plate (connected with a guide rod 3) slidingly connected in the mounting shell 1, and a spring mounted between the movable plate and the inner wall of the mounting shell 1.

[0031] A mass block 5 is slidingly connected on the guide rod 3, a permanent magnet is fixed on the mass block 5, a damper housing 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod 3, a coil 4 is wound on the inner wall of the damper housing 6, and the damper housing 6 is fixed on the machine body.

[0032] A power management system is electrically connected with the coil 4, the power management system includes a converter, a filter and an energy management unit electrically connected, the power management system and the converter are electrically connected with the coil 4, and the power management system is electrically connected with a battery.

[0033] The control system includes a controller and a vibration sensor, the vibration sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the vibration sensor is installed at the positions of a bucket 7, a dipper arm 8 and a boom 9 of the excavator, and the filter is electrically connected with the vibration sensor and the controller.

[0034] In combination Figure 2 As shown, the working process of the device is as follows:

[0035] S1, system starts.

[0036] S2, vibration signal detection and processing; the vibration signal is first collected by the sensor installed on the frame and transmitted to the control system; the signal is transmitted to the controller after being filtered by the filter to remove noise and smoothed; the controller extracts the frequency and amplitude characteristics of the vibration by using fast Fourier transform; the extracted results are compared with the preset energy recovery threshold to determine whether the vibration has sufficient energy density for effective recovery; if the condition is met, the controller sends a control signal to start energy recovery; if not, it enters standby or low-power mode, thereby avoiding invalid energy collection.

[0037] S3, vibration energy generation; when the machine starts working, the working parts produce significant vibration, and the magnetic field of the magnet carried on the mass block 5 moves and cuts the coil 4, thereby generating alternating current at both ends of the coil 4.

[0038] S4, vibration energy storage; the alternating current generated at both ends of the coil 4 enters the rectifier circuit of the power management system and is converted into direct current, and then the voltage fluctuation is smoothed by the filter capacitor of the filter; the stable direct current is input into the battery for storage; the battery is monitored in real time by the energy management unit during the charging process to prevent overcharging or damage; the stored electrical energy is then output through the DC-DC converter to stabilize the voltage and current.

[0039] The working principle of the vibration energy recovery architecture of the embodiment is as follows:

[0040] External vibration → Deformation of spring (elastic element 2) → Movement of mass block 5 → Cutting of magnetic field lines → Induction current generated in coil 4.

[0041] 1. Energy input: The damper housing 6 of the external vibration device is fixed to the vibration source bucket 7, stick 8, and boom 9.

[0042] Taking the operation of bucket 7 as an example, when bucket 7 is working, the connection point of bucket 7 will undergo huge and repeated deformation. At this time, external vibrations are transmitted to the system, compressing the spring and causing it to deform. The entire damper housing 6 will move accordingly. The motion formula is as follows:

[0043] First, near a single dominant frequency, we can approximate the motion of the damper housing 6 as simple harmonic motion:

[0044] ;

[0045] a is Differentiate twice with respect to time:

[0046] ;

[0047] Obtain speed.

[0048] ;

[0049] Amplitude relationship:

[0050] ;

[0051] in: : Displacement of the damper housing 6 along the axial direction; : The magnitude of the displacement; Angular frequency , Frequency (unit: Hz).

[0052] 2. Energy transfer: spring and mass block;

[0053] Inertial excitation This is equivalent to applying an equivalent force proportional to the base acceleration to the mass block 5. The internal mass block 5 tends to "maintain its original state," causing relative motion between it and the moving damper housing 6. The elastic element 2 connecting the mass block 5 and the mounting housing 1 is compressed or stretched, thus beginning to store and release energy. Its main function is to provide restoring force and tune the system's natural frequency to match the external vibration frequency, achieving optimal energy recovery.

[0054] The equilibrium equation is obtained from Newton's second law:

[0055] Spring force Damping force Inertial force of the mass block The relative coordinate equations are obtained as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] right end It is called "inertial excitation": shaking the base is equivalent to applying an equivalent force to the mass block that is proportional to the acceleration of the base.

[0058] When the system frequency External vibration frequency The efficiency increases significantly when the system approaches the target. At resonance, the system's mechanical energy absorption efficiency is at its maximum, thus improving energy conversion rate. Resonance is achieved by adjusting the electromagnetic and mechanical damping coefficients.

[0059] Total damping Mechanical damping and electromagnetic damping composition:

[0060] ;

[0061] The function of the guide rod is to ensure that the mass block can only move in a straight line in a specific direction, without deflection or torsion.

[0062] 3. Energy conversion: generating electricity by cutting magnetic field lines;

[0063] The permanent magnet is directly mounted on the mass block 5. The coil 4 is fixed to the damper housing 6.

[0064] Therefore, when the mass block 5 moves back and forth relative to the coil 4, it is equivalent to the magnetic field lines emitted by the magnet constantly passing through the fixed coil 4.

[0065] According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when the magnetic flux through coil 4 changes, an induced electromotive force is generated across coil 4. If coil 4 is connected in a closed loop, a current will be generated.

[0066] Electromagnetic damping is achieved by the relative movement of a permanent magnet on mass block 5 and a coil 4 fixed on the damper housing 6, which causes the magnetic field to cut the coil 4 and generate an induced current, thereby producing a reaction force. This reaction force suppresses the vibration of the system.

[0067] Formula for electromagnetic damping:

[0068] ;

[0069] in: It is the electromagnetic damping coefficient; It is the electromechanical coupling coefficient (related to the number of coil turns and magnetic field gradient); It is the coil resistance; It is the load resistor; It is coil inductance; It refers to the operating frequency.

[0070] Number of coil turns Increasing the number of turns will increase the electromechanical coupling coefficient. This enhances electromagnetic induction efficiency and electromagnetic damping.

[0071] magnetic field gradient The greater the rate of change of the magnetic field, the greater the electromechanical coupling coefficient. The larger the value, the stronger the electromagnetic damping.

[0072] 4. Energy output;

[0073] The generated current is drawn from both ends of coil 4, and the power output is as shown in the formula:

[0074] According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, induced electromotive force It is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic field:

[0075] ;

[0076] in: It is the number of turns of the coil; It is the effective area of ​​the coil; It is the magnetic flux density;

[0077] It is the rate of change of the magnetic field; since the rate of change of the magnetic field is proportional to the velocity of the mass, we can further write it as:

[0078] ,in It is the proportionality coefficient between the change in magnetic field and the velocity. It is the speed of the mass block.

[0079] Therefore, the induced electromotive force can be expressed as:

[0080] ;

[0081] We can calculate the current using Ohm's law. : Where R is the total resistance of the circuit.

[0082] Therefore, current can be expressed as:

[0083] ;

[0084] Power output can be calculated by multiplying current and electromotive force:

[0085] ;

[0086] In steady state, we can calculate the average power:

[0087] ;

[0088] in It is the system cycle.

[0089] After subsequent circuit processing (rectification, voltage regulation, etc.), it can be used to charge and power batteries.

[0090] The beneficial effects brought about by the above architecture and control methods are:

[0091] 1. An integrated design that structurally couples the damper and coil 4. Traditional damper devices are limited to vibration reduction, often relying on the relative motion of the mass block 5 and the spring mechanism to absorb some vibration energy. However, this energy is ultimately dissipated as heat and cannot be utilized. This embodiment also integrates an electromagnetic transducer into the mass block 5, achieving electromagnetic induction through the relative motion of the magnet and coil 4, thereby converting the previously wasted vibration energy into electrical energy. This integrated design not only improves the functional density of the damper, enabling it to perform both vibration reduction and energy recovery functions, but also avoids the structural redundancy and installation complexity caused by independent power generation devices.

[0092] 2. A dual damping mechanism combining electromagnetic damping and mechanical elasticity was constructed. Traditional damping solutions often rely on a single physical principle. For example, while a pure mechanical spring can effectively buffer vibrations, it lacks energy recovery capabilities, while independent electromagnetic dampers are often complex in structure and expensive. In this embodiment, by integrating a permanent magnet with a mass block 5 and coupling it integrally with a coil 4 and a spring system, the mechanical spring first dampens vibrations through deformation, and then the mass block 5 moves along the guide rail to absorb and vibrate energy. The electromagnetic unit converts kinetic energy into electrical energy, thus achieving dual damping through both mechanical and electromagnetic energy. By synergistically adjusting the amplitude, the adaptability to complex working conditions is improved, and a highly efficient unity of vibration suppression and energy recovery is achieved in a single compact structure, significantly improving the overall energy efficiency and space utilization of the system.

[0093] 3. To address the challenges posed by the wide distribution and complex frequency components of vibration sources during excavator operation, this embodiment proposes a multi-point distributed energy harvesting mode. Multiple energy recovery units are installed at different locations, such as the base of the boom 9, the middle section of the stick 8, and the joint of the bucket 7, enabling the system to simultaneously capture vibrations from different positions. This distributed approach automatically selects the optimal working point based on different working conditions, improving the system's adaptability to complex operating environments.

[0094] In summary, the vibration energy recovery architecture of this embodiment effectively reduces the excavator's dependence on external power sources during operation, thereby lowering energy consumption. The energy recovery system reduces energy waste, meets environmental protection requirements, and helps reduce the excavator's overall carbon emissions.

[0095] An energy management system can provide stable power to the excavator's electrical system, improving the excavator's working efficiency and reliability in harsh environments: effectively suppressing vibration, reducing mechanical damage and failures caused by vibration, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0096] By using an energy recovery system, excavators not only reduce their reliance on external power sources but also lower operating costs. The system features a modular design, making installation and maintenance simple, suitable for different excavator models, and cost-effective.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vibration energy harvesting architecture, characterized by, The application relates to a vibration energy recovery frame structure, which comprises a mounting shell (1) mounted on a rack, one end of the mounting shell (1) is connected with a guide rod (3), a mass block (5) is slidably connected on the guide rod (3), the mass block (5) is provided with a magnetic field, a damper shell (6) is sleeved on the guide rod (3), and a coil (4) is wound on the damper shell (6).

2. The vibrational energy recovery architecture of claim 1, wherein: The mounting shell (1) is provided with two groups, which are arranged at two ends of the guide rod (3) respectively.

3. The vibrational energy recovery architecture of claim 1, wherein: The mounting shell (1) is internally provided with a movable plate, one side of the movable plate is fixedly provided with the guide rod (3), the other side of the movable plate is provided with an elastic element (2), and the other end of the elastic element (2) is mounted on the inner wall of one side of the mounting shell (1).

4. The vibrational energy recovery architecture of claim 3, wherein: The movable plate is slidably connected in the mounting shell (1), the sliding direction of the movable plate extends along the tangent direction of the connecting position of the guide rod (3) and the movable plate, and the damper shell (6) is fixedly connected on one side of the vehicle body of the mounting shell (1).

5. The vibrational energy harvesting architecture of claim 1, wherein: The mass block (5) is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet, and the coil (4) is wound on the inner side wall of the damper shell (6).

6. The vibrational energy harvesting architecture of claim 1, wherein: The application further comprises a power management system and a control system, the power management system is electrically connected with the coil (4), the power management system comprises a converter, a filter and an energy management unit which are electrically connected, the converter is electrically connected with the coil (4), the energy management unit is electrically connected with an energy storage battery, the control system comprises a controller and a vibration sensor, the vibration sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the vibration sensor is mounted on the machine body near the mounting shell (1), and the filter is electrically connected with the vibration sensor and the controller.

7. A control method characterized by: The application is applied to the vibration energy recovery frame structure according to any one of claims 1-6 and comprises the following steps: S1, system starting; S2, vibration signal detection and processing; S3, vibration energy recovery; S4, vibration energy storage.

8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: S2, vibration signal detection and processing; the vibration signal is first collected by a sensor mounted on the rack and transmitted to the control system; the signal is transmitted to the controller after noise removal and smoothing treatment by the filter; the controller extracts the frequency and amplitude characteristics of the vibration by using fast Fourier transform; and the extraction result is compared with a preset energy recovery threshold value to judge whether the vibration has sufficient energy density to be effectively recovered; if the condition is met, the controller sends a control signal to start energy recovery; if not, it enters standby or low-power mode, thereby avoiding invalid energy collection.

9. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: S3, vibration energy generation; when the machine starts to work, the working parts produce significant vibration, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet carried on the mass block (5) is cut by the coil (4) when moving, thereby generating alternating current on both ends of the coil (4).

10. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: S4, vibration energy storage; AC power generated at both ends of the coil (4) enters the rectifier circuit of the power management system, which is converted into DC power, and then the voltage fluctuation is smoothed by the filter capacitor; the smooth DC current is input into the battery for storage; the battery is monitored in real time by the energy management unit during charging to prevent overcharging or damage; The stored electrical energy is then output through the DC-DC converter to stabilize the voltage and current.

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