Wool fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wool fabric and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of wool fabric processing. The formula of the wool fabric comprises 85-90% of Tibetan plateau sheep wool, 5-8% of mulberry silk, 3-5% of yakwool and 1-7% of dye. The fineness of the Tibet plateau sheep wool is 18-20 microns, the length of the Tibet plateau sheep wool is 6-8 cm, and the Tibet plateau sheep wool is selected from wool produced by adult sheep bred in a natural pasture at the altitude of 4500 m or above in the Nanqu region of Tibet; the mulberry silk is reeled by double cocoons; the diameter of the yakwool is 15-18 microns, and the yakwool is collected from villus on a wild yak in the Tibetan Ali region; the dye is prepared from natural plants as dye raw materials through an extraction process. The special-grade sheep wool, the double-cocoon mulberry silk and the wild yakwool in the Nanqu region of Tibet are selected, and the three natural protein fibers have a synergistic effect, so that the prepared fabric has the characteristics of softness, fluffiness, warmth retention and wear resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the wool fabric processing technical field, especially to a wool fabric and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tibetan region has unique natural environment and animal husbandry resources, and the wool produced therefrom has the characteristics of fine and long fiber, high strength, excellent elasticity and natural cold resistance due to the growth conditions of high altitude and low temperature. However, the traditional processing technology mainly relies on extensive treatment (such as simple cleaning and hand spinning), so that the potential of the raw material is not fully tapped, and the added value of the product is low.

[0003] In addition, the traditional wool fabric is mainly made of single material (such as pure wool or blended chemical fiber), and ordinary wool products are prone to shrinkage, pilling and stiffness, and lack of softness and elasticity. The low blending ratio of natural fibers leads to poor air permeability and skin-friendliness. In production, the conventional dyeing and finishing process relies on chemical auxiliaries (such as strong acid and alkali desizing and high temperature setting), which can easily damage the fiber structure and cause environmental pollution. The lack of treatment in the finishing process leads to poor dimensional stability of the fabric.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wool fabric and a preparation method thereof to overcome the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides a wool fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A wool fabric, the formula of the wool fabric comprises:

[0008] 85-90% of Tibetan plateau sheep wool, 5-8% of mulberry silk, 3-5% of yak down, and 1-7% of dye;

[0009] The Tibetan plateau sheep wool has a fineness of 18-20 microns and a length of 6-8 centimeters, and is selected from the wool produced by adult sheep raised in natural pastures above an altitude of 4500 meters in Naqu area of Tibet;

[0010] The mulberry silk is made of double palace reeled mulberry silk;

[0011] The yak down has a diameter of 15-18 microns and is collected from the down on the body of wild yak in Ali area of Tibet;

[0012] The dye is selected from natural plants as dye raw materials, and is prepared into concentrated liquid for standby by extraction process.

[0013] Preferably, the natural plants include: madder, purple grass, gardenia, blueweed, and purple flower.

[0014] A method for preparing a wool fabric, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: raw material pretreatment;

[0016] S11: washing, soaking the Tibetan wool, silk and yak wool in water containing neutral detergent respectively, and then rinsing with clean water until no foam is generated;

[0017] S12: dehydration, using a centrifugal dehydrator to dehydrate the washed material;

[0018] S13: drying, uniformly spreading the dehydrated raw material in an oven for drying treatment;

[0019] S2: blending and opening;

[0020] S21: mixing and dosing, accurately weighing the treated Tibetan wool, silk and yak wool according to the formula proportion, pouring into the mixer and fully stirring to form a uniform mixed fiber mass;

[0021] S22: opening and carding, using a gill box to open and card the mixed fibers;

[0022] S3: spinning and weaving;

[0023] S31: spinning, feeding the opened fibers into a ring spinning machine for spinning;

[0024] S32: winding and warping, winding the spun yarn to remove defects and weak twists, and then arranging multiple yarns on a warp beam as warp yarns for weaving;

[0025] S33: sizing and beaming, using starch-PVA mixed sizing agent to size the warp yarns;

[0026] S34: weaving and forming, using a rapier loom for weaving;

[0027] S4: dyeing and finishing;

[0028] S41: pretreatment, desizing, scouring and bleaching the woven gray fabric;

[0029] S42: dyeing, dyeing by dip dyeing method;

[0030] S43: finishing, softening, wrinkle resistance and shrinkage resistance finishing processes.

[0031] Preferably, in S11, the washing method is as follows:

[0032] Soak Tibetan wool, mulberry silk, and yak wool separately in water containing a neutral detergent for 30 minutes. The pH value of the neutral detergent is 7-7.5, the bath ratio is 1:20, and the water temperature is controlled at 35℃-40℃. Then rinse with clean water until there is no foam.

[0033] In step S12, the speed of the centrifugal dewatering machine is set to 800-1000 rpm, and the time is 5-8 minutes, so that the moisture content of the raw material is reduced to 60%.

[0034] In step S13, the drying method is as follows:

[0035] Spread the dehydrated raw materials evenly in a well-ventilated drying oven, set the temperature to 50℃-60℃, and dry for 2-3 hours until the moisture content of the raw materials stabilizes at 8%-10%. Turn the raw materials over regularly during the drying process.

[0036] Preferably, in step S21, the mixing method of the ingredients is as follows:

[0037] Accurately weigh the processed Tibetan wool, mulberry silk and yak wool according to the formula ratio, pour them into the mixer and mix them thoroughly to form a uniform mixed fiber ball. The mixing speed is controlled at 30-40 revolutions per minute and the time is 15-20 minutes.

[0038] In S22, the needle plate density of the needle combing machine is selected as 80-100 steel needles per square centimeter, and the combing speed is 20-30 meters / minute.

[0039] Preferably, in step S31, the spindle speed of the ring spinning machine is set to 6000-8000 rpm, and the draft ratio is controlled between 1.2 and 1.5.

[0040] In step S32, the winding speed of the winding process is controlled at 400-600 m / min, and the tension is set at 0.5-1.0 cN / tex.

[0041] Preferably, in step S33, the method of sizing and shafting is as follows:

[0042] The warp yarns are sized using a starch-PVA mixed sizing agent. The sizing agent formula is 60% starch and 40% PVA. The sizing rate is controlled at 8%-12%. After sizing, the warp yarns are combined into a warp beam suitable for the weaving width. The difference in linear speed during warp yarn combination is controlled to be less than 1%.

[0043] In S34, the speed of the rapier loom used for weaving is set to 200-300 rpm, and the tension on the loom is controlled within the range of 1.5-2.5 kN.

[0044] Preferably, in step S41, the preprocessing method is as follows:

[0045] Desizing employs an enzymatic desizing process, with a desizing enzyme dosage of 2%-3%, temperature controlled at 50℃-60℃, and time at 60-90 minutes, to remove pulp residues. Refining uses a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 5-8 g / L, with the temperature raised to 90℃-95℃ and held for 30-45 minutes. Bleaching uses hydrogen peroxide as the bleaching agent, with a dosage of 8-12 g / L, and an appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer added. The pH value is adjusted to 10-11, the temperature is maintained at 85℃-90℃, and the time is 45-60 minutes. Each treatment is followed by thorough rinsing with water.

[0046] Preferably, in step S42, the staining method is as follows:

[0047] According to the design scheme, select the appropriate plant dye concentrate and dilute it to 5%-10%. Add sodium sulfate as a dyeing accelerator, with the amount being 1 / 3 of the dye amount. Control the liquor ratio at 1:15-1:20. Set the initial dyeing temperature to 40℃ and slowly raise it to boiling state at a rate of 1℃ / min. Keep the dyeing temperature for 60-90 minutes and then gradually lower it to room temperature. Stir the fabric continuously during the dyeing process. After dyeing, perform color fixing treatment. Use acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4-5. The color fixing temperature is 60℃-70℃, and the time is 20-30 minutes.

[0048] Preferably, in step S43, the post-processing method is as follows:

[0049] The softening process uses a cationic surfactant-type softener at a dosage of 2%-3%, with the temperature controlled at 40℃-50℃ and the time at 30-45 minutes. The anti-wrinkle process uses a modified 2D resin finishing agent at a dosage of 5%-8%, with the catalyst dosage being 1 / 10 of the finishing agent. The temperature is set at 120℃-130℃, and the baking time is 3-5 minutes. The anti-shrinkage process is achieved by controlling the water washing conditions, with the water temperature not exceeding 40℃. Finally, the process is stentering and setting at a temperature of 150℃-160℃.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0051] 1. This invention uses premium sheep wool from Nagqu region of Tibet, double-cocoon mulberry silk, and wild yak wool. The synergistic effect of these three natural protein fibers results in a fabric that is soft, fluffy, warm, and wear-resistant.

[0052] 2. This invention preserves the original strength and extensibility of the fibers to the maximum extent by step-by-step washing, centrifugal dehydration to determine the moisture content, and low-temperature slow drying; and avoids fiber breakage while achieving three-dimensional interweaving and improving yarn uniformity by using high-density steel needles and low-speed combing of a carding machine.

[0053] 3. The desizing process of this invention uses an enzymatic hydrolysis process to precisely decompose starch slurry without damaging the fibers; the hydrogen peroxide bleaching system, combined with a stabilizer, achieves a gentle yet efficient whiteness enhancement. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing wool fabric according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] A wool fabric, the formula of which includes:

[0058] Tibetan Plateau sheep wool 85-90%, mulberry silk 5-8%, yak wool 3-5%, dye 1-7%;

[0059] The fineness of the Tibetan Plateau sheep wool is 18-20 microns, and the length is 6-8 centimeters. It is made from wool produced by adult sheep raised on natural pastures above 4,500 meters above sea level in Nagqu, Tibet.

[0060] The silk described is made from silk reeled from double cocoons;

[0061] The yak wool has a diameter of 15-18 micrometers and is collected from the downy hair of wild yaks in the Ngari region of Tibet.

[0062] The dyes are made from natural plants and are extracted to produce a concentrated solution for later use.

[0063] The natural plants mentioned include: madder, gromwell, gardenia, indigo, and violet.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] A method for preparing wool fabric includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: Raw material pretreatment:

[0067] Cleaning: Soak Tibetan wool, mulberry silk and yak wool separately in water containing neutral detergent (pH value of 7-7.5) for 30 minutes, with a bath ratio of 1:20 (weight ratio of raw materials to water), and control the water temperature at 35℃-40℃. Then rinse with clean water until there is no foam to remove surface dust, oil and other impurities.

[0068] Dehydration: Use a centrifugal dehydrator to dehydrate the raw material at a speed of 800-1000 rpm for 5-8 minutes, reducing the moisture content to approximately 60%. This prevents fibers from tangling and knotting due to excessive moisture.

[0069] Drying: Spread the dehydrated raw materials evenly in a well-ventilated drying oven. Set the temperature to 50℃-60℃ and dry for 2-3 hours until the moisture content of the raw materials stabilizes at 8%-10%. During the drying process, turn the raw materials regularly to ensure even heating and prevent localized overheating that could damage the fibers.

[0070] S2: Blended openness:

[0071] Mixing Ingredients: Accurately weigh the treated Tibetan wool, mulberry silk, and yak wool according to the above formula ratio, pour them into a mixer, and mix thoroughly to form a uniform mixed fiber mass. Control the mixing speed at 30-40 rpm for 15-20 minutes to ensure that the various fibers are evenly distributed.

[0072] Opening and combing: The mixed fibers are opened and combed using a carding machine. The card density is selected as 80-100 steel needles per square centimeter, and the combing speed is 20-30 meters / minute. Through repeated combing (controlled to 3-5 times in this embodiment), the fibers are fully extended and aligned in parallel, static electricity is eliminated, and the cohesion and spinnability between fibers are improved.

[0073] S3: Spinning and weaving:

[0074] Spinning: The opened fibers are fed into a ring spinning machine for spinning. The spindle speed is set to 6000-8000 rpm, and the draft ratio is controlled between 1.2 and 1.5. The drafting device parameters are adjusted according to the required yarn count. For example, when producing 30-count yarn, the total draft ratio is approximately 1.3. Simultaneously, the relative humidity in the workshop is maintained at 65%-75%, and the temperature at 25℃-30℃ to reduce breakage and improve production efficiency. The resulting yarn should be even, of moderate strength, and with minimal hairiness.

[0075] Winding: The spun yarn is wound to remove defects and weak twists. Multiple yarns are then arranged on a warp beam according to a specific pattern to serve as warp yarns during weaving. The winding speed is controlled at 400-600 meters per minute, and the tension is set at 0.5-1.0 cN / tex. During warping, it is essential to ensure uniform warp tension and a tight, neat arrangement of the warp yarns, avoiding uneven tension or tangling.

[0076] Sizing and warp beam assembly: To increase the abrasion resistance and smoothness of the warp yarns, a starch-PVA sizing agent is used to sizing the warp yarns. The sizing agent formula is 60% starch and 40% PVA, with the sizing rate controlled between 8% and 12%. After sizing, a warp beam assembly is performed to combine the yarns into a beam suitable for the weaving width. The difference in linear speed during warp beam assembly should be less than 1% to ensure tension balance among the warp yarns.

[0077] Weaving and shaping: A rapier loom is used for weaving, with the machine speed set at 200-300 rpm. The tension is adjusted according to the fabric type and specifications; in this embodiment, it is controlled within the range of 1.5-2.5 kN. A suitable weave structure (such as plain weave, twill weave, or satin weave) is selected according to design requirements, and complex patterns are woven using an electronic jacquard device.

[0078] S4: Dyeing and finishing process:

[0079] Pretreatment: The woven fabric undergoes desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Desizing uses an enzymatic desizing process, with the desizing enzyme dosage at 2%-3% (relative to fabric weight), temperature controlled at 50℃-60℃, and time at 60-90 minutes to remove sizing residues. Scouring uses a sodium hydroxide solution (concentration 5-8g / L), temperature raised to 90℃-95℃, and held for 30-45 minutes to remove impurities such as grease and wax from the fibers. Bleaching uses hydrogen peroxide as the bleaching agent, with a dosage of 8-12g / L, and an appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer added. The pH value is adjusted to 10-11, and the temperature is maintained at 85℃-90℃ for 45-60 minutes to achieve the required whiteness. Each treatment is followed by thorough rinsing with water to ensure complete removal of chemicals.

[0080] Dyeing: Dyeing is performed using the immersion dyeing method. According to the design scheme, select the appropriate plant dye concentrate and dilute it to the working solution concentration (in this embodiment, controlled at 5%-10%). Add sodium sulfate as a dyeing accelerator (the amount used is 1 / 3 of the dye amount), and control the liquor ratio at 1:15-1:20. The initial dyeing temperature is set at 40℃, and the temperature is slowly increased to boiling at a rate of 1℃ / min. Maintain the temperature for dyeing for 60-90 minutes, and then gradually cool to room temperature. Stir the fabric continuously during the dyeing process to ensure uniform dyeing. After dyeing, perform a color-fixing treatment. Adjust the pH value to the acidic range using acetic acid (pH≈4-5). The color-fixing temperature is 60℃-70℃, and the time is 20-30 minutes to improve color fastness.

[0081] Post-finishing: This involves softening, wrinkle-resistant, and shrinkage-resistant finishing processes. Softening uses a cationic surfactant-based softener at a dosage of 2%-3%, with the temperature controlled at 40℃-50℃ and the time at 30-45 minutes. Wrinkle-resistant finishing uses a modified 2D resin finishing agent at a dosage of 5%-8%, with a catalyst dosage of 1 / 10 of the finishing agent. The temperature is set at 120℃-130℃, and the baking time is 3-5 minutes. Shrinkage-resistant finishing is achieved by controlling the washing conditions; the water temperature should not exceed 40℃, and the fabric should be gently rubbed to avoid excessive stretching. Finally, a stretching and setting process is performed at a temperature of 150℃-160℃. The machine speed is adjusted according to the fabric width; in this embodiment, it is controlled at 30-50 meters per minute to ensure dimensional stability, flatness, and crispness of the fabric.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wool fabric, characterized in that, The formula for the wool fabric includes: Tibetan Plateau sheep wool 85-90%, mulberry silk 5-8%, yak wool 3-5%, dye 1-7%; The fineness of the Tibetan Plateau sheep wool is 18-20 microns, and the length is 6-8 centimeters. It is made from wool produced by adult sheep raised on natural pastures above 4,500 meters above sea level in Nagqu, Tibet. The silk described is made from silk reeled from double cocoons; The yak wool has a diameter of 15-18 micrometers and is collected from the downy hair of wild yaks in the Ngari region of Tibet. The dyes are made from natural plants as raw materials through an extraction process.

2. The wool fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The natural plants mentioned include: madder, gromwell, gardenia, indigo, and violet.

3. A method for preparing wool fabric, characterized in that, The formulation of the wool fabric according to any one of claims 1-2 specifically includes the following steps: S1: Raw material pretreatment; S11: Washing. Soak Tibetan wool, mulberry silk and yak wool separately in water containing neutral detergent, then rinse with clean water until no foam remains. S12: Dehydration, using a centrifugal dehydrator to dehydrate the cleaned material; S13: Drying, the dehydrated raw materials are evenly spread in the drying oven for drying treatment; S2: Blended open-faced fabric; S21: Mixing ingredients, accurately weigh the processed Tibetan wool, mulberry silk and yak wool according to the formula ratio, pour them into the mixer and stir them evenly to form a uniform mixed fiber ball; S22: Opening and combing, using a carding machine to open and comb the mixed fibers; S3: Spinning and weaving; S31: Fine yarn spinning, which involves feeding the opened fibers into a ring spinning machine for spinning. S32: Winding and warping, which involves winding the spun yarn to remove defects and weak twists, and then arranging multiple yarns on a warp beam as warp yarns during weaving. S33: Sizing and warping, using a starch-PVA mixed sizing agent to sizing the warp yarns; S34: Weaving, using a rapier loom; S4: Dyeing and finishing process; S41: Pretreatment, which involves desizing, scouring and bleaching the woven fabric. S42: Staining, using the immersion dyeing method; S43: Post-finishing, including softening, wrinkle-resistant and shrinkage-resistant finishing processes.

4. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S11, the cleaning method is as follows: Soak Tibetan wool, mulberry silk, and yak wool separately in water containing a neutral detergent for 30 minutes. The pH value of the neutral detergent is 7-7.5, the bath ratio is 1:20, and the water temperature is controlled at 35℃-40℃. Then rinse with clean water until there is no foam. In step S12, the speed of the centrifugal dewatering machine is set to 800-1000 rpm, and the time is 5-8 minutes, so that the moisture content of the raw material is reduced to 60%. In step S13, the drying method is as follows: Spread the dehydrated raw materials evenly in a well-ventilated drying oven, set the temperature to 50℃-60℃, and dry for 2-3 hours until the moisture content of the raw materials stabilizes at 8%-10%. Turn the raw materials over regularly during the drying process.

5. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S21, the specific method of mixing the ingredients is as follows: Accurately weigh the processed Tibetan wool, mulberry silk and yak wool according to the formula ratio, pour them into the mixer and mix them thoroughly to form a uniform mixed fiber ball. The mixing speed is controlled at 30-40 revolutions per minute and the time is 15-20 minutes. In S22, the needle plate density of the needle combing machine is selected as 80-100 steel needles per square centimeter, and the combing speed is 20-30 meters / minute.

6. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S31, the spindle speed of the ring spinning machine is set to 6000-8000 rpm, and the draft ratio is controlled between 1.2 and 1.

5. In step S32, the winding speed of the winding process is controlled at 400-600 m / min, and the tension is set at 0.5-1.0 cN / tex.

7. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S33, the specific method of sizing and shaft alignment is as follows: The warp yarns are sized using a starch-PVA mixed sizing agent. The sizing agent formula is 60% starch and 40% PVA. The sizing rate is controlled at 8%-12%. After sizing, the warp yarns are combined into a warp beam suitable for the weaving width. The difference in linear speed during warp yarn combination is controlled to be less than 1%. In S34, the speed of the rapier loom used for weaving is set to 200-300 rpm, and the tension on the loom is controlled within the range of 1.5-2.5 kN.

8. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S41, the preprocessing method is as follows: The desizing process uses an enzymatic desizing process, with a desizing enzyme dosage of 2%-3%, a temperature controlled at 50℃-60℃, and a time of 60-90 minutes, in order to remove pulp residues. For refining, use sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 5-8 g / L, raise the temperature to 90℃-95℃, and keep it at that temperature for 30-45 minutes. For bleaching, use hydrogen peroxide as the bleaching agent at a dosage of 8-12 g / L, add hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, adjust the pH value to 10-11, maintain the temperature at 85℃-90℃, and keep it at that temperature for 45-60 minutes. Rinse with water after each treatment.

9. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S42, the staining method is as follows: According to the design scheme, select the appropriate plant dye concentrate and dilute it to 5%-10%. Add sodium sulfate as a dyeing accelerator, with the amount being 1 / 3 of the dye amount. Control the liquor ratio at 1:15-1:

20. Set the initial dyeing temperature to 40℃ and slowly raise it to boiling state at a rate of 1℃ / min. Keep the dyeing temperature for 60-90 minutes and then gradually lower it to room temperature. Stir the fabric continuously during the dyeing process. After dyeing, perform color fixing treatment. Use acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4-5. The color fixing temperature is 60℃-70℃, and the time is 20-30 minutes.

10. The method for preparing wool fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S43, the post-processing method is as follows: The softening process uses a cationic surfactant-type softener at a dosage of 2%-3%, with the temperature controlled at 40℃-50℃ and the time at 30-45 minutes. The anti-wrinkle process uses a modified 2D resin finishing agent at a dosage of 5%-8%, with the catalyst dosage being 1 / 10 of the finishing agent. The temperature is set at 120℃-130℃, and the baking time is 3-5 minutes. The anti-shrinkage process is achieved by controlling the water washing conditions, with the water temperature not exceeding 40℃. Finally, the process is stentering and setting at a temperature of 150℃-160℃.

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