Bionic simulation training device for mandible condylar fracture and use method of bionic simulation training device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of minimally invasive surgery, in particular to a mandible condylar fracture bionic simulation trainer and a use method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a profiling upper jaw part, a bionic lower jaw part, a left glenoid fossa, a skin, a right glenoid fossa, a bionic left profiling tissue and a bionic right profiling tissue. The right joint fossa is fixed in the fixing hole in the rightmost end, when the center locking piece is loosened, the center locking piece can slide in the corrugated hole, when the center locking piece is locked, the center locking piece is fixed in the corrugated hole, and the telescopic support assembly is fixed to the first main framework through the center locking piece. And meanwhile, the bionic lower jaw part, the bionic left profiling tissue and the bionic right profiling tissue are matched, so that the simulation accuracy is improved, detailed data are given to medical staff, and the occurrence of later-stage operation problems is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of minimally invasive surgery, and in particular to a bionic simulation trainer for mandibular condylar fractures and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Mandibular condyle fracture (or condylar fracture for short) is a common type of fracture in maxillofacial surgery, accounting for approximately 20%-30% of mandibular fractures. Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures is highly challenging due to their complex anatomical structure, unique biomechanical characteristics, and high postoperative functional requirements. Traditional surgery relies heavily on the surgeon's experience, resulting in insufficient reduction precision and a high incidence of postoperative complications (such as joint ankylosis and malocclusion). With advancements in digital technology and biomechanical research, biomimetic simulators for mandibular condyle fractures have emerged. These simulators encompass multiple dimensions, including clinical needs-driven approaches, digital modeling technology, biomechanical simulation, tactile feedback systems, and personalized surgical planning. They primarily improve the precision and effectiveness of condylar fracture treatment by combining virtual simulation with real surgery.

[0003] Because the mandibular condyle is one of the weakest points in the mandibular structure, this type of fracture is difficult to treat. Currently, open surgery is commonly used for repair, which can cause permanent damage to the patient's facial aesthetics and even damage facial nerves. Endoscopic surgery for low-level mandibular condylar fractures is not yet widely used. This type of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery has a limited operating space and is very challenging. Developing a surgical approach and treatment plan tailored to each patient's mandibular shape and size, as well as the fracture location and displacement characteristics, is crucial for surgical success. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of limited operating space and high operational difficulty in endoscopic minimally invasive surgery in the prior art, and to propose a bionic simulation trainer for mandibular condylar fracture and its usage method.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a bionic simulation trainer for mandibular condylar fracture, including a bionic maxillary component, a bionic mandibular component, a left glenoid fossa, a skin, a right glenoid fossa, a bionic left bionic tissue, and a bionic right bionic tissue;

[0006] The biomimetic maxillary component includes a biomimetic maxillary cavity and a first main skeleton integrated therewith.

[0007] The left joint socket includes a joint base fixedly installed on the top of the first main frame, and a perimeter fence is fixedly installed on the top of the joint base, and a joint cavity is opened inside the perimeter fence.

[0008] The right and left glenoid fossae are symmetrically mounted on top of the first main frame about the central plane of the bionic maxillary cavity;

[0009] The top of the prosthetic maxillary component is equipped with a telescopic support assembly, which includes a left support that is slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame, a left glenoid fossa that is fixedly mounted on the top of the left support, a right support that is slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame, and the left and right supports are arranged in a sliding relationship with each other. A central locking member is slidably mounted inside the left and right supports, and the central locking member is rotatably mounted inside the first main frame.

[0010] Optionally, the bionic mandibular component includes a left mandibular head inserted into the left glenoid fossa and a right mandibular head inserted into the right glenoid fossa. A left mandibular ramus and a right mandibular ramus are fixedly installed on the same side of the left mandibular head and the right mandibular head, respectively. A bionic chin is fixedly installed between the left mandibular ramus and the right mandibular ramus. A bionic mandibular cavity is fixedly installed on the top of the bionic chin.

[0011] Optionally, a bionic simulator shell is inserted into the outer side of the bionic maxillary component and the bionic mandibular component. A skin is installed on the outer side of the bionic simulator shell. The skin includes a shell portion fixedly installed on the outer side of the bionic simulator shell. A simulated lip is opened inside the shell portion. The skin wraps around the outer surface of the bionic maxillary component and the bionic mandibular component. The bionic mandibular component can rotate relative to the bionic maxillary component with the left and right glenoid fossae as fulcrums. The skin is used to limit the rotation range of the bionic mandibular component.

[0012] Optionally, the bionic left profilosome includes a left flexible wall fitted onto the lateral side of the left mandibular ramus, the interior of which has a left profilosome cavity adapted to the left mandibular ramus; the bionic right profilosome includes a right flexible wall fitted onto the lateral side of the right mandibular ramus, the interior of which has a right profilosome cavity adapted to the right mandibular ramus.

[0013] Optionally, the medial surface of the left mandibular ramus is fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue, while the lateral surface of the left mandibular ramus is not fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue; the medial surface of the right mandibular ramus is fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue, while the lateral surface of the right mandibular ramus is not fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue.

[0014] Optionally, the bionic mandibular component is equipped with a first substitute and a second substitute based on data scans of the maxilla and mandible of a fractured patient. The first substitute and the second substitute are covered on the outside of the bionic mandibular component by bionic left and bionic right prosthetic tissues.

[0015] Optionally, an auxiliary detection component is installed on the top of the prosthetic maxillary component. A central positioning hole is provided in the center of the top of the prosthetic maxillary component. The auxiliary detection component includes a positioning frame rotatably installed inside the central positioning hole. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the horizontal position of the positioning frame. A telescopic slide is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod. A spring is provided inside the telescopic slide.

[0016] Optionally, a positioning groove is provided on the outer side of the telescopic slide cylinder, a positioning clamping block is rotatably installed on the outer side of the telescopic slide cylinder, a second hinge rod is hinged to the outer side of the positioning clamping block, a first hinge rod is rotatably installed on the outer side of the second hinge rod, the first hinge rod is rotatably installed on the outer side of the electric telescopic rod, and an arc-shaped block is hinged to the top of the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod.

[0017] Optionally, multiple sets of multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure blocks are fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped block, and a pressure sensing column is slidably installed on the top of the multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block.

[0018] On the other hand, this application provides a method for using a bionic simulator for mandibular condyle fracture, including the following steps:

[0019] S1: Obtain tomographic images of the fracture sites of the maxilla and mandible by scanning the patient's maxilla and mandible with a CT scan.

[0020] S2: Transmit the image data of the fracture ends of the maxilla and mandible, the direction of displacement caused by the injury to the maxilla and mandible, and the damage to the soft tissues around the maxilla and mandible to the 3D Slicer. Then, use the 3D Slicer to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the image data to generate a digital model of the mandible, condyle, glenoid fossa and surrounding soft tissues.

[0021] S3: Next, 3D printing equipment is used to create the biomimetic maxillary component, biomimetic mandibular component, left glenoid fossa, skin, right glenoid fossa, biomimetic left biomimetic tissue, biomimetic right biomimetic tissue, and arc-shaped block;

[0022] S4: Simultaneously, self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic left prosthetic tissue to the inner side of the left mandibular ramus, and self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic right prosthetic tissue to the inner side of the right mandibular ramus. The column of the positioning frame is inserted into the central positioning hole, so that the arc-shaped block can fit against the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component to form an auxiliary detection.

[0023] S5: Medical personnel perform simulated surgery on the bionic model, recording detailed surgical information through the bionic simulator shell and auxiliary detection components.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. The right joint socket is fixed in the rightmost fixing hole. When the central locking member is released, it can slide in the corrugated hole. When the central locking member is locked, it is fixed in the corrugated hole. The central locking member fixes the telescopic bracket assembly on the first main frame, which is conducive to compatibility with bionic mandibular components for different patients. At the same time, it works with the bionic mandibular component, bionic left prosthetic tissue and bionic right prosthetic tissue to improve simulation accuracy, provide medical staff with detailed data and reduce the occurrence of later surgical problems.

[0026] 2. Self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic right prosthetic tissue to the inner surface of the right mandibular ramus. This installation method not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the bionic mandibular components, the bionic left prosthetic tissue, and the bionic right prosthetic tissue, but also allows for arbitrary adjustment of the position and shape of the bionic left prosthetic tissue and the bionic right prosthetic tissue according to different patients' conditions and their different fracture conditions, such as simulating the weight of a person, thereby achieving the best simulation effect.

[0027] 3. By mimicking the fracture conditions of the maxilla and mandible, the pressure sensing column transmits electrical signals to medical personnel based on changes in the applied pressure, allowing medical personnel to understand the specific situation and thus improve the safety of patients during subsequent surgeries. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic simulator for mandibular condylar fracture;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contoured maxillary component of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bionic mandible component of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bionic maxillary component of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contoured maxillary component of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the joint base of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right glenoid fossa of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bionic chin structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomimetic right-shaped tissue of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic support assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right support of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the maxilla structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary detection component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of region A in the middle.

[0042] Figure reference numerals: 1. Maxilla; 2. Mandible; 3. Bionic simulator shell; 4. Bionic maxillary component; 401. Bionic maxillary cavity; 402. First main skeleton; 403. Central positioning hole; 5. Bionic mandibular component; 501. Bionic chin; 502. Bionic mandibular cavity; 503. Left mandibular ramus; 504. Left mandibular head; 505. Right mandibular ramus; 506. Right mandibular head; 6. Left glenoid fossa; 601. Joint base; 602. Peripheral fence; 603. Joint cavity; 7. Skin; 701. Shell part; 702. Simulated lip; 8. Right glenoid fossa; 9. Bionic left bionic tissue; 901 10. Left flexible wall; 11. Left contoured cavity; 12. Bionic right contoured tissue; 13. Right flexible wall; 14. Right contoured cavity; 15. Telescopic support assembly; 16. Left support; 17. Right support; 18. Central locking element; 19. Auxiliary detection assembly; 10. Positioning frame; 11. Electric telescopic rod; 12. Spring; 12. Telescopic slide; 13. Positioning groove; 14. Arc-shaped block; 15. Multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block; 16. Pressure sensing column; 17. First hinge rod; 18. Second hinge rod; 19. Positioning clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0045] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention proposes a bionic simulation training device for mandibular condyle fracture, comprising a bionic maxillary component 4, a bionic mandibular component 5, a left glenoid fossa 6, a skin 7, a right glenoid fossa 8, a bionic left bionic tissue 9, and a bionic right bionic tissue 10.

[0049] The biomimetic maxillary component 4 includes a biomimetic maxillary cavity 401 and a first main skeleton 402 integrated therewith;

[0050] The left joint socket 6 includes a joint base 601 fixedly installed on the top of the first main frame 402. A perimeter fence 602 is fixedly installed on the top of the joint base 601. A joint cavity 603 is formed inside the perimeter fence 602. Figure 7 The joint opening length inside the joint cavity 603 is: the long opening part is L1 and the wide opening part is L2, where L1>L2, forming a non-circular joint opening. The left glenoid fossa 6 and the right glenoid fossa 8 are the same type of components. The two are installed such that the center plane of the long opening part of the two forms an angle A1 with respect to the center plane of the bionic maxillary bone cavity 401, where A1=18±10°. This setting is conducive to compatibility with the bionic mandibular component 5 of different patients, and at the same time, it is conducive to simulating the movement of the bionic mandibular component 5.

[0051] The right glenoid fossa 8 and the left glenoid fossa 6 are symmetrically mounted on the top of the first main frame 402 about the central plane of the bionic maxillary cavity 401. The first main frame 402 has multiple screw holes set in a certain size and position inside. The bottom of the joint base 601 includes through holes that match the screw holes. The joint base 601 can be fixed in the screw holes of the first main frame 402 by screws. This setting can help to be compatible with the bionic mandibular component 5 of different patients. For the bionic mandibular component 5 for children, adults and people with larger bones, the screw holes also include markings to mark the common large, medium and small bone sizes and the corresponding three groups of people. This makes it convenient for medical staff to judge the situation and quickly disassemble and reposition the bionic mandibular component 5 according to the patient's condition.

[0052] The top of the prosthetic maxillary component 4 is equipped with a telescopic support assembly 11. The telescopic support assembly 11 includes a left support 1101 slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame 402, a left glenoid fossa 6 fixedly mounted on the top of the left support 1101, and a right support 1102 slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame 402. The left support 1101 and the right support 1102 are arranged in a mutually sliding state. A central locking member 1103 is slidably mounted inside the left support 1101 and the right support 1102. The central locking member 1103 is rotatably mounted inside the first main frame 402. The prosthetic maxillary component 4 is made of high-strength materials such as metal or nylon. The left and right glenoid fossae are made of rigid plastic, while the left and right glenoid fossae are made of semi-rigid material. It is noted that the hardness of the semi-rigid material is H1, where the Shore hardness is 80A≤H1≤Shore hardness 50D. The semi-rigid left and right glenoid fossae are beneficial for simulating the opening action of the bionic mandibular component 5 and the torsion after a fracture. The bionic left and right bionic tissues 9 and 10 are made of flexible material. It is noted that the hardness of the flexible material is H2, where the Shore hardness is H1≤60A. The flexible material bionic left and right bionic tissues 9 and 10 are beneficial for simulating tissue shielding and tissue interference after a fracture.

[0053] Furthermore, the left support 1101 includes a first corrugated hole and a leftmost fixing hole, and the right support 1102 includes a second corrugated hole and a rightmost fixing hole. The left glenoid fossa 6 is fixed in the leftmost fixing hole, and the right glenoid fossa 8 is fixed in the rightmost fixing hole. When the central locking member 1103 is released, the central locking member 1103 can slide in the corrugated hole. When the central locking member 1103 is locked, the central locking member 1103 is fixed in the corrugated hole. The central locking member 1103 fixes the telescopic support assembly 11 to the first main frame 402. This setting is conducive to compatibility with the bionic mandibular component 5 of different patients.

[0054] like Figures 7-12As shown, the bionic mandibular component 5 includes a left mandibular head 504 inserted into the left glenoid fossa 6 and a right mandibular head 506 inserted into the right glenoid fossa 8. A left mandibular ramus 503 and a right mandibular ramus 505 are fixedly installed on the same side of the left mandibular head 504 and the right mandibular head 506, respectively. A bionic chin 501 is fixedly installed between the left mandibular ramus 503 and the right mandibular ramus 505. A bionic mandibular cavity 502 is fixedly installed at the top of the bionic chin 501. The bionic mandibular component 5 is equipped with a first substitute and a second substitute based on data scans of the maxilla 1 and mandibular bone 2 of a fractured patient. The first substitute and the second substitute are covered by bionic left prosthetic tissue 9 and bionic right prosthetic tissue 10 on the outside of the bionic mandibular component 5. On the other hand, the bionic mandibular component 5 is undamaged under normal conditions. However, depending on the different injury sites of different patients, the customized bionic mandibular component 5 is made from the mandibular bone scanning data of fracture patients and 3D printed into two independent parts. That is, the scanning data of the maxilla 1 and mandibular bone 2 of the fracture patients are used to print the customized bionic mandibular component 5 using 3D printing equipment. The normal bionic mandibular component 5 is replaced by the first and second substitutes. The fracture fracture site simulated by the first and second substitutes is covered by the bionic left and right bionic tissues 9 and 10, thereby realizing the simulation of the clinical scenario of fracture repair. It can be simulated for different groups of customers, improving the safety of subsequent surgery.

[0055] The bionic maxillary component 4 and the bionic mandibular component 5 are connected to a bionic simulator shell 3 on their outer sides. A skin 7 is installed on the outer side of the bionic simulator shell 3. The skin 7 includes a shell portion 701 fixedly installed on the outer side of the bionic simulator shell 3. A simulated lip 702 is opened inside the shell portion 701. The skin 7 covers the outer surfaces of the bionic maxillary component 4 and the bionic mandibular component 5. The bionic mandibular component 5 can rotate relative to the bionic maxillary component 4, using the left glenoid fossa 6 and the right glenoid fossa 8 as fulcrums. The skin 7 is used to limit the rotation range of the bionic mandibular component 5. Pressure sensors are installed inside the biomimetic maxillary component 4 and biomimetic mandibular component 5, which are oriented towards the 701 direction. When the biomimetic mandibular component 5 is adjusted and fixed in position with the left glenoid fossa 6 and the right glenoid fossa 8, if the biomimetic maxillary component 4 and biomimetic mandibular component 5 deform during simulated surgery by medical personnel, the pressure sensors can transmit data to the terminal via electrical signals to understand the direction that should be changed during surgery, thereby further simulating the situation that will occur to the patient during surgery of the maxilla 1 and mandible 2.

[0056] like Figure 9As shown, the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9 includes a left flexible wall 901 fitted onto the lateral side of the left mandibular ramus 503. The left flexible wall 901 has a left prosthetic cavity 902 adapted to the left mandibular ramus 503. The bionic right prosthetic tissue 10 includes a right flexible wall 1001 fitted onto the lateral side of the right mandibular ramus 505. The right flexible wall 1001 has a right prosthetic cavity 1002 adapted to the right mandibular ramus 505. The medial surface of the left mandibular ramus 503 is fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9, while the lateral surface of the left mandibular ramus 503 is not fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9. The medial surface of the right mandibular ramus 505 is fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10, and the lateral surface of the right mandibular ramus 505 is fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10. The tissues 10 are not fixed together. The left mandibular head 504 passes through the left prosthetic cavity 902 and is exposed, while the right mandibular head 506 passes through the right prosthetic cavity 1002 and is exposed. At the same time, the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9 is fixed to the inner side of the left mandibular ramus 503 using self-tapping screws, and the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10 is fixed to the inner side of the right mandibular ramus 505 using self-tapping screws. This installation method not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the bionic mandibular component 5, the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9, and the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10, but also allows for arbitrary adjustment of the position and shape of the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9 and the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10 according to different patients' conditions and their different fracture conditions, such as simulating the weight of a person, thereby achieving the best simulation effect.

[0057] like Figure 5 , Figure 13 , Figure 14As shown, an auxiliary detection component 12 is installed on the top of the protruding maxillary component 4. A central positioning hole 403 is provided in the center of the top of the protruding maxillary component 4. The auxiliary detection component 12 includes a positioning frame 1201 rotatably installed inside the central positioning hole 403. An electric telescopic rod 1202 is fixedly installed horizontally on the positioning frame 1201. A telescopic slide cylinder 1204 is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 1202. A spring 1203 is provided inside the telescopic slide cylinder 1204. A positioning groove 1205 is provided on the outer side of the telescopic slide cylinder 1204. A positioning clamping block 1211 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the telescopic slide cylinder 1204. A second hinge rod 1210 is hinged to the outer side of the positioning clamping block 1211. A first hinge rod 1209 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the second hinge rod 1210. The first hinge rod 1209 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the electric telescopic rod 1202. An arc-shaped block 1206 is hinged to the top of the first hinge rod 1209 and the second hinge rod 1210. Multiple sets of multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure blocks 1207 are fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped block 1206. A pressure sensing column 1208 is slidably mounted on the top of the multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block 1207. Existing surgical methods are usually external and internal surgeries. In external surgery, the repair of the fracture position mainly relies on the observation of medical staff. However, it is difficult to judge the deformation and other situations caused by the bionic simulator during the operation. Therefore, the column of the positioning frame 1201 is used. Inserted into the central positioning hole 403, the auxiliary detection component 12 can deflect along the right glenoid fossa 8 and the left glenoid fossa 6 together with the biomimetic maxillary component 4 and the biomimetic mandibular component 5 to adapt to the surgical direction. Then, based on the intraoral data of the patient's maxilla 1 and mandible 2, the electric telescopic rod 1202 drives the telescopic slide cylinder 1204 to extend inward. At this time, the positioning clamping block 1211 drives the second hinge rod 1210 to slide towards the position of the central positioning hole 403. As the distance between the first hinge rod 1209 and the second hinge rod 1210 changes, the arc-shaped block 1206 moves towards the inner wall of the biomimetic mandibular component 5. The external shape of the arc-shaped block 1206 can be biomimetic based on the data of the patient's intraoral wall. This allows the arc-shaped block 1206 to fit well against the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component 5. At this time, the pressure sensing column 1208 inside the multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block 1207 is in close contact with the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component 5. Since the maxilla 1 and mandibular bone 2 are connecting components and the surrounding bones are supporting structures, the fracture sites of the bionic maxilla component 4 and bionic mandibular component 5 are the same. Therefore, if deformation occurs during the repair process, the pressure on the pressure sensing column 1208 will change significantly. The pressure sensing column 1208 will then transmit electrical signals to the medical staff, allowing them to understand the specific situation and thus improve the safety of the patient during subsequent surgeries.

[0058] Since the shape, location of injury, and size of the human mouth are different, the positioning clamping block 1211 can rotate along the positioning groove 1205 to adjust the contact position between the arc block 1206 and the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component 5, thereby adapting to different patients.

[0059] Meanwhile, a lamp can be installed on the downward-facing side of the multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block 1207 to provide a light source for medical staff during internal surgery, thereby improving the practicality of the auxiliary detection component 12.

[0060] On the other hand, this application provides a method for using a bionic simulator for mandibular condyle fracture, including the following steps:

[0061] S1: Obtain tomographic image data of the fracture sites of the maxilla 1 and mandible 2 by CT scanning of the patient's maxilla 1 and mandible 2.

[0062] S2: Transmit the image data of the fracture ends of maxilla 1 and mandible 2, the direction of displacement caused by the injury of maxilla 1 and mandible 2, and the soft tissue damage around maxilla 1 and mandible 2 to 3D Slicer, and use 3DSlicer to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the image data to generate digital models of mandible, condyle, glenoid fossa and surrounding soft tissues.

[0063] S3: Next, 3D printing equipment is used to create the following components: the biomimetic maxillary component 4, the biomimetic mandibular component 5, the left glenoid fossa 6, the skin 7, the right glenoid fossa 8, the biomimetic left biomimetic tissue 9, the biomimetic right biomimetic tissue 10, and the arc-shaped block 1206.

[0064] S4: Simultaneously, self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic left prosthetic tissue 9 to the inner side of the left mandibular ramus 503, and self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic right prosthetic tissue 10 to the inner side of the right mandibular ramus 505. The column of the positioning frame 1201 is inserted into the central positioning hole 403, so that the arc-shaped block 1206 can fit against the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component 5 to form an auxiliary detection.

[0065] S5: Medical personnel perform simulated surgery on the bionic model and record detailed surgical information through the bionic simulator shell 3 and auxiliary detection components 12.

[0066] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A biomimetic simulation training device for mandibular condylar fracture, comprising a biomimetic maxillary component (4), a biomimetic mandibular component (5), a left glenoid fossa (6), a skin (7), a right glenoid fossa (8), a biomimetic left biomimetic tissue (9), and a biomimetic right biomimetic tissue (10), characterized in that: The biomimetic maxillary component (4) includes a biomimetic maxillary cavity (401) and a first main skeleton (402) integrated therewith. The left joint socket (6) includes a joint base (601) fixedly installed on the top of the first main frame (402), and a perimeter fence (602) is fixedly installed on the top of the joint base (601), and a joint cavity (603) is opened inside the perimeter fence (602). The right glenoid fossa (8) and the left glenoid fossa (6) are symmetrically mounted on the top of the first main frame (402) about the central plane of the bionic maxillary cavity (401); The top of the prosthetic maxillary component (4) is equipped with a telescopic support assembly (11), which includes a left support (1101) that is slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame (402). The left glenoid fossa (6) is fixedly mounted on the top of the left support (1101). A right support (1102) is slidably mounted on the top of the first main frame (402). The left support (1101) and the right support (1102) are arranged in a mutual sliding state. A central locking member (1103) is slidably mounted inside the left support (1101) and the right support (1102). The central locking member (1103) is rotatably mounted inside the first main frame (402).

2. The mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In one embodiment, the bionic mandibular component (5) includes a left mandibular head (504) inserted into the left glenoid fossa (6) and a right mandibular head (506) inserted into the right glenoid fossa (8). A left mandibular ramus (503) and a right mandibular ramus (505) are fixedly installed on the same side of the left mandibular head (504) and the right mandibular head (506), respectively. A bionic chin (501) is fixedly installed between the left mandibular ramus (503) and the right mandibular ramus (505). A bionic mandibular cavity (502) is fixedly installed on the top of the bionic chin (501).

3. The mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulation training device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bionic maxillary component (4) and the bionic mandibular component (5) are connected to a bionic simulator shell (3). A skin (7) is installed on the outside of the bionic simulator shell (3). The skin (7) includes a shell portion (701) fixedly installed on the outside of the bionic simulator shell (3). A simulated lip (702) is opened inside the shell portion (701). The skin (7) wraps around the outer surfaces of the bionic maxillary component (4) and the bionic mandibular component (5). The bionic mandibular component (5) can rotate relative to the bionic maxillary component (4) with the left glenoid fossa (6) and the right glenoid fossa (8) as fulcrums. The skin (7) is used to limit the rotation range of the bionic mandibular component (5).

4. The mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulation training device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bionic left prosthetic tissue (9) includes a left flexible wall (901) fitted on the outside of the left mandibular ramus (503), and the interior of the left flexible wall (901) has a left prosthetic cavity (902) adapted to the left mandibular ramus (503). The bionic right prosthetic tissue (10) includes a right flexible wall (1001) fitted on the outside of the right mandibular ramus (505), and the interior of the right flexible wall (1001) has a right prosthetic cavity (1002) adapted to the right mandibular ramus (505).

5. The mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulation training device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner surface of the left mandibular ramus (503) is fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue (9), and the outer surface of the left mandibular ramus (503) is not fixed to the bionic left prosthetic tissue (9). The inner surface of the right mandibular ramus (505) is fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue (10), and the outer surface of the right mandibular ramus (505) is not fixed to the bionic right prosthetic tissue (10).

6. The mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bionic mandibular component (5) is equipped with a first substitute and a second substitute based on data scans of the maxilla (1) and mandible (2) of the fractured patient. The first substitute and the second substitute are covered on the outside of the bionic mandibular component (5) by bionic left prosthetic tissue (9) and bionic right prosthetic tissue (10).

7. A bionic simulation training device for mandibular condylar fracture according to claim 6, characterized in that, An auxiliary detection component (12) is installed on the top of the protruding maxillary component (4). A central positioning hole (403) is provided in the center of the top of the protruding maxillary component (4). The auxiliary detection component (12) includes a positioning frame (1201) rotatably installed inside the central positioning hole (403). An electric telescopic rod (1202) is fixedly installed in the horizontal position of the positioning frame (1201). A telescopic slide cylinder (1204) is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod (1202). A spring (1203) is provided inside the telescopic slide cylinder (1204).

8. A bionic simulation training device for mandibular condylar fracture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The telescopic slide tube (1204) has a positioning groove (1205) on its outer side. A positioning clamping block (1211) is rotatably installed on the outer side of the telescopic slide tube (1204). A second hinge rod (1210) is hinged to the outer side of the positioning clamping block (1211). A first hinge rod (1209) is rotatably installed on the outer side of the second hinge rod (1210). The first hinge rod (1209) is rotatably installed on the outer side of the electric telescopic rod (1202). An arc-shaped block (1206) is hinged to the top of the first hinge rod (1209) and the second hinge rod (1210).

9. A bionic simulation training device for mandibular condylar fracture according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple sets of multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure blocks (1207) are fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped block (1206), and a pressure sensing column (1208) is slidably installed on the top of the multi-purpose arc-shaped pressure block (1207).

10. A method of using a mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulator, employing the mandibular condyle fracture bionic simulator training device as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain tomographic images of the fracture sites of the maxilla (1) and mandible (2) by scanning the patient's maxilla (1) and mandible (2) with CT. S2: The image data of the fracture ends of the maxilla (1) and mandible (2), the direction of displacement caused by the injury of the maxilla (1) and mandible (2), and the soft tissue damage around the maxilla (1) and mandible (2) are transmitted to 3D Slicer. 3D Slicer is used to reconstruct the image data in three dimensions to generate digital models of the mandible, condyle, glenoid fossa and surrounding soft tissues. S3: Next, 3D printing equipment is used to create the biomimetic maxillary component (4), biomimetic mandibular component (5), left glenoid fossa (6), skin (7), right glenoid fossa (8), biomimetic left biomimetic tissue (9), biomimetic right biomimetic tissue (10), and arc-shaped block (1206). S4: Simultaneously, self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic left prosthetic tissue (9) to the inner side of the left mandibular ramus (503), and self-tapping screws are used to fix the bionic right prosthetic tissue (10) to the inner side of the right mandibular ramus (505). The column of the positioning frame (1201) is inserted into the central positioning hole (403), so that the arc block (1206) can fit against the inner wall of the bionic mandibular component (5) to form an auxiliary detection. S5: Medical personnel perform simulated surgery on the bionic model and record detailed surgical information through the bionic simulator shell (3) and auxiliary detection components (12).

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