Pre-pressing waterproof assembly type dry-wet composite joint structure

Abstract

A pre-pressing waterproof assembly type dry and wet composite joint structure at least comprises two self-waterproof prefabricated parts, a pressing piece, a waterproof material, a reinforcing rib A1, a reinforcing rib A2, a reinforcing rib B1, a post-installation reinforcing rib and a post-pouring material, the self-waterproof prefabricated parts comprise variable cross-section areas, the reinforcing ribs are arranged in the self-waterproof prefabricated parts, and the post-pouring material is compounded in the self-waterproof prefabricated parts. Therefore, the joint structure disclosed by the invention has very strong bearing performance. Meanwhile, the self-waterproof prefabricated parts have the self-waterproof effect, the pressing pieces contained in the structure can press the waterproof materials in the joints, so that the self-waterproof prefabricated parts have the excellent waterproof performance, overhanging steel bars are selected as tensioning points in the pre-pressing operation, the pressing pieces can also be used as connecting pieces of reinforcing ribs after the operation is completed, and the construction efficiency is improved. Connection joints of reinforcing ribs do not need to be additionally arranged, so that the splicing and connecting steps are reduced; and meanwhile, the post-mounted reinforcing ribs adopt a staggered post-assembly design, so that a sufficient operation space is reserved for pre-pressing of the pressing piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of underground structures, semi-underground structures and geotechnical structure connections, and in particular to a pre-stressed waterproof prefabricated dry-wet composite joint structure. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, guided by policies, the construction of prefabricated underground structures, represented by prefabricated subway station structures, has continued to accelerate. The existing structural forms mainly include fully prefabricated structures and prefabricated integral structures. The former has no rigid connection in the joint area and mainly uses tenon-mortise or bolt connections; the latter has rigid connections at the joints, such as grouting sleeve connections or welding. The different joint connection methods lead to significant differences in the characteristics of these two types of structures.

[0003] Fully prefabricated underground structures offer numerous advantages, with superior waterproofing being one of the most prominent. Because prefabricated components can be fabricated in factories and made with waterproof concrete, and with the application of tight waterproof seals at joints, the structure's waterproofing performance far surpasses that of traditional cast-in-place structures. Current engineering experience shows that fully prefabricated subway station structures built in recent years have exhibited no water leakage, effectively solving the persistent problem of "nine out of ten stations leaking" inherent in traditional cast-in-place underground structures.

[0004] However, because fully prefabricated underground structures use flexible connection methods with no strong joints, their bending stiffness is relatively low. Once connected, the prefabricated components themselves cannot bear load independently. Multiple components typically need to be assembled into a complete ring structure, relying on the retaining effect of the soil and rock mass for stability. Therefore, fully prefabricated design and construction technology is not suitable for semi-underground structures that cannot form a ring, geotechnical structures, or underground structures requiring high stiffness.

[0005] Because of the presence of rigid joints, prefabricated monolithic underground structures have high overall rigidity and can maintain structural stability independently of the surrounding soil and rock. However, since the steel reinforcement needs to be connected on-site and the joint areas need to be cast integrally, it is difficult to use conventional methods to press the waterproof sealant tightly. Without costly additional measures, the risk of water leakage in the structural joint areas is higher than that of fully prefabricated underground structures; once water leakage occurs, it will significantly increase the maintenance costs of the structure. In addition, because a large number of steel reinforcements need to be connected on-site, prefabricated monolithic underground structures also suffer from lower construction efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, for semi-underground structures and geotechnical structures that are not circular, such as U-shaped trough structures in rail transit, as well as underground structures that require improved overall rigidity, there is an urgent need for a new type of joint structure that is strong, has good waterproof performance, low overall cost, high construction efficiency, and strong practicality. In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the designers of this invention, through dedicated research and design, and by integrating years of experience and achievements in related industries, have researched and designed a pre-stressed waterproof prefabricated dry-wet composite joint structure to overcome these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure, which has the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity and good waterproof performance, and also has the significant characteristics of convenient assembly and construction and low overall cost, and has broad application prospects.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a pre-stressed waterproof prefabricated dry-wet composite joint structure, comprising two self-waterproof prefabricated components, a steel reinforcement connection tensioning device, and post-cast materials. The two self-waterproof prefabricated components are a first self-waterproof prefabricated component and a second self-waterproof prefabricated component, both of which are cement-based prefabricated components processed in a prefabrication plant. The invention is characterized by: The ends of the first and second self-waterproof precast components contain variable cross-section areas. By utilizing the good self-waterproof properties of the precast components, the leakage problems that may occur in the on-site cast joint structure can be solved. The variable cross-section area also serves as a template when the post-cast material is poured on-site. The gap formed after the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component are joined together is the key water-stopping area. The joint of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component is provided with a first waterproof material, and the joint of the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component is provided with a corresponding second waterproof material. The rebar connection tensioning device includes a clamping member disposed inside the variable cross-section area of ​​the first self-waterproof precast component and the second self-waterproof precast component to better achieve clamping. The clamping member is simultaneously connected to the A1 reinforcing bar connected to the inside of the first self-waterproof precast component and the A2 reinforcing bar connected to the inside of the second self-waterproof precast component. Therefore, driving the clamping member achieves clamping of the self-waterproof precast components at the splice joint.

[0009] The first and second waterproof materials are made of waterproof sealing gaskets or water-swellable rubber.

[0010] The clamping component uses turnbuckles and power cable tensioners to achieve the clamping function.

[0011] Wherein: a telescopic assembly is provided at one end of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component relative to the joint. The telescopic assembly includes at least two first embedded nuts provided on the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component, at least two second embedded nuts provided on the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component, and a telescopic rod. The two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively fixed to the first embedded nuts and the second embedded nuts by bolts. A compression spring is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod to counteract the additional bending moment in this part.

[0012] Wherein: after the first waterproof material and the second waterproof material are pressed together, the inner sides of the first waterproof material and the second waterproof material are provided with grouting material and isolation rubber for sealing the grouting material.

[0013] In addition to the clamping component, A1 reinforcing rib and A2 reinforcing rib forming the first clamping assembly, a second clamping assembly is also provided. The second clamping assembly includes B1 reinforcing rib and post-installed reinforcing rib located in the variable cross-section region. The B1 reinforcing rib is connected to the inner side of the second self-waterproof prefabricated component.

[0014] Among them, A1 reinforcing ribs, A2 reinforcing ribs and B1 reinforcing ribs are connected to the precast components in the precast component factory. The post-installed reinforcing ribs are installed after the pre-pressing operation is completed using clamping devices. During installation, steel bar connectors are used to connect them to the first self-waterproof precast component.

[0015] Among them, the other end of the post-installed reinforcing rib is connected to the B1 reinforcing rib by welding, mechanical connection, grouting sleeve or lap splicing. The connection of the post-installed reinforcing rib is carried out after the pre-compression is completed.

[0016] Among them, the position of the steel bar joint formed by the post-installed reinforcing bar and the B1 reinforcing bar is misaligned with the clamping member in the thickness direction of the precast component.

[0017] As can be seen from the above, the pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure of the present invention has the following effects: 1. The precast components are reinforced with reinforcing ribs and post-cast materials in the joint area, which makes the mechanical properties of the joint structure equivalent to those of the same type of cast-in-place joint structure. At the same time, the precast components used have self-waterproofing properties, and the joint structure also contains clamping components, which can press the waterproof sealing material in the joint without relying on external equipment. This allows the invention to have a strong waterproof and water-stopping effect without the need for an external waterproof layer.

[0018] 2. During assembly, the extended reinforcing ribs of two prefabricated components are used as tensioning points for the clamping components. After the tensioning operation is completed, the clamping components can also be used as connectors for the reinforcing ribs, without the need to set up additional connections for the connected reinforcing ribs.

[0019] 3. The connection of the backwater side reinforcing rib adopts a rear installation design that is misaligned with the clamping component, which can reserve sufficient working space for tensioning the clamping component.

[0020] 4. The arrangement of the reinforcing ribs takes into account the space required for fine-tuning and positioning during the assembly of precast components. The protruding reinforcing ribs do not significantly hinder the assembly and positioning of precast components.

[0021] 5. It combines the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity and good waterproof performance, and also has significant features such as convenient assembly and construction and low overall cost, making it a promising candidate for application.

[0022] The details of this invention will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pre-pressurized waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 2 The diagram shows the pre-compression process during assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the self-waterproof prefabricated component described in this invention is shown.

[0026] Figure label: 10-First self-waterproofing precast component; 11-First waterproofing material; 12-First embedded nut; 13-Isolation rubber; 20-Second self-waterproofing precast component; 21-Second waterproofing material; 22-Second embedded nut; 23-Grouting material; 31-A1 reinforcing rib; 32-A2 reinforcing rib; 33-B1 reinforcing rib; 34-Post-installed reinforcing rib; 35-Rebar joint; 36-Rebar connector; 40-Clamping component; 50-Telescopic rod; 51-Compression spring; 60-Post-cast material. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pre-compression waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure of the present invention is shown.

[0028] in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-pressurized waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure according to the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the pre-compression process of the structure shown during assembly. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a self-waterproof precast component according to the present invention. The pre-stressed waterproof prefabricated dry-wet composite joint structure includes two self-waterproof precast components, a steel reinforcement tensioning device, and post-cast material. The two self-waterproof precast components are a first self-waterproof precast component 10 and a second self-waterproof precast component 20, and the steel reinforcement tensioning device and post-cast material are cement-based precast components processed in a prefabrication plant, possessing self-waterproofing properties, and can be made of waterproof concrete or other materials. Engineering practice shows that, without an external waterproof layer, precast components made of waterproof concrete have excellent waterproofing and water-stopping effects; conversely, if the joint structure is made only of cast-in-place concrete, leakage problems may occur due to insufficient curing conditions.

[0029] The ends of the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20 contain variable cross-section regions. These variable cross-section regions can have various structural forms and can be adopted... Figure 1 The form can be a protrusion of the thickness range of the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20, or the lower or upper surface of the variable cross-section area can be flush with the precast component, or a curved form or a layered form can be adopted according to the usage requirements.

[0030] The main purpose of setting variable cross-section areas on the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20 is to utilize the good self-waterproofing properties of the precast components to solve the leakage problem that may occur in the on-site cast-in-place joint structure; in addition, the variable cross-section area can also be used as a template when the post-cast material 60 is cast on-site.

[0031] The gap formed after the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20 are joined is also a key water-stopping area. The joint of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 is provided with a first waterproof material 11, and the joint of the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20 is provided with a second waterproof material 21. The first waterproof material 11 and the second waterproof material can solve this problem well. They are arranged between the joint of the self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 and the self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20. The first waterproof material 11 and the second waterproof material 21 can be made of waterproof sealing gaskets or water-swellable rubber and other materials.

[0032] The waterproofing performance of the first waterproofing material 11 and the second waterproofing material 21 is generally related to their compression; the greater the pressure, the better the waterproofing performance. Based on past engineering experience, waterproofing material 11 under sufficient pressure can fully exert its waterproofing performance and effectively solve the problem of water leakage at joints. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-compress the first waterproofing material 11 and the second waterproofing material 21 during the assembly process to bring them into a compressed state before proceeding with the subsequent assembly process.

[0033] Therefore, the rebar connection tensioning device includes a clamping member 40 disposed inside the variable cross-section area of ​​the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20, so as to better achieve the clamping of the waterproof material 11. The clamping member 40 is simultaneously connected to the A1 reinforcing rib 31 connected to the inner side of the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the A2 reinforcing rib 32 connected to the inner side of the second self-waterproofing precast component 20. Therefore, driving the clamping member 40 can achieve the clamping of the self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the self-waterproofing precast component 20 at the splice joint.

[0034] The clamping member 40 can be implemented using a turnbuckle, a power cable tensioner, or other equipment to achieve the clamping function. In embodiments where a turnbuckle is used (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown, by rotating the turnbuckle nut, the A1 reinforcing rib 31 and the A2 reinforcing rib 32 can be tightened, providing a tightening force of more than 30 tons, which can easily meet the needs of waterproof material compression.

[0035] It should be noted that if the variable cross-section areas of the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20 are adopted as follows... Figure 2 As shown, during the tightening process of the clamping member 40, the splicing surface of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20 is under eccentric compression, and the prefabricated component is subjected to an additional bending moment, which may cause a large error in the positioning and assembly of the prefabricated component or affect the clamping of the waterproofing material. Therefore, by setting a telescopic component at one end of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20 relative to the joint, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic assembly includes at least two first embedded nuts 12 disposed on the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10, at least two second embedded nuts 22 disposed on the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20, and a telescopic rod 50. The two ends of the telescopic rod 50 are respectively fixed to the first embedded nuts 12 and the second embedded nuts 22 by bolts. A compression spring 51 is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod 50 to counteract the additional bending moment. When the clamping member 40 retracts, the compression spring 51 on the telescopic rod 50 retracts synchronously, providing a bending moment opposite to the eccentric bending moment to the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component 10 and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component 20, thereby effectively compressing the waterproofing material. The stiffness of the compression spring 51 is easily obtained through the eccentricity and the compressive stiffness of the first waterproofing material 11 and the second waterproofing material 21.

[0036] Optionally, since the variable cross-section areas of the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20 have various structural forms, the expansion joint 50 is not required in all cases. When the first self-waterproofing precast component 10 and the second self-waterproofing precast component 20 adopt... Figure 3When the structure shown is in the case of precast components, the additional bending moment experienced by the precast components during the prestressing process is very small, so the expansion joint 50 does not need to be installed.

[0037] To enhance waterproofing performance, after the first waterproofing material 11 and the second waterproofing material 21 are pressed together, the inner sides of the first waterproofing material 11 and the second waterproofing material 21 are provided with grouting material 23 and isolation rubber 13 for sealing the grouting material 23.

[0038] In addition to the clamping member 40, A1 reinforcing rib 31, and A2 reinforcing rib 32 forming the first clamping assembly, a second clamping assembly may also be provided. The second clamping assembly includes a B1 reinforcing rib 33 and a post-installed reinforcing rib 34 located in the variable cross-section region. The B1 reinforcing rib 33 is connected to the inner side of the second self-waterproofing precast component 20. The A1 reinforcing rib 31, A2 reinforcing rib 32, and B1 reinforcing rib 33 can be connected to the precast component in the precast component factory, either by pre-embedding or other methods. The installation of the post-installed reinforcing rib 34 must be carried out after the pre-pressing operation is completed using the clamping member 40. During installation, a steel bar connector 36 can be used to connect it to the first self-waterproofing precast component 10. The other end of the post-installed reinforcing rib 34 can be connected to the B1 reinforcing rib 33 by welding, mechanical connection, grouting sleeve, or lap splicing. The connection of the post-installed reinforcing rib 34 is carried out after the pre-pressing is completed.

[0039] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is easy to see that the tightening operation of the clamping component 40 requires the cooperation of workers or related equipment, that is, the pre-compression operation requires a certain amount of operating space. Therefore, the position of the steel bar joint 35 formed by the post-installed reinforcing bar 34 and the B1 reinforcing bar 33 must be offset from the clamping component 40 in the thickness direction of the precast component. At this time, personnel and equipment can easily explore underground and complete the tightening operation of the clamping component 40.

[0040] After the connection with reinforcing ribs 34 is completed, post-cast material 60 can be poured in the variable cross-section area. Figure 1 As can be seen from the structural form, the thickness 60 of the post-cast material is equivalent to the thickness of the precast component itself. The post-cast material 60 contains reinforcing ribs A1 31, A2 32, B1 33, and post-installed reinforcing ribs 34. Therefore, the compressive and bending resistance of the joint structure is essentially equivalent to that of a cast-in-place joint structure of the same type. Obviously, the thickness of the post-cast material 60 can also be increased or decreased according to usage requirements to further increase or decrease the stiffness of the joint structure. In this case, the dimensions of the variable cross-section areas of the self-waterproof precast component 10 and the self-waterproof precast component 20 must also be adjusted accordingly.

[0041] Past experience shows that during the assembly of precast components, equipment is needed to fine-tune the position of the components. However, reinforcing bars at the same height on different precast components are prone to collision, hindering the adjustment of the component's position. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen from the assembly process of the joint structure described in this invention, a gap is reserved between the A1 reinforcing rib 31 and the A2 reinforcing rib 32 for installing the clamping member 40; and the subsequent reinforcing rib 34 is installed only after the clamping operation is completed. Obviously, the positions of the reinforcing bars on different precast components do not conflict, and this invention does not have a similar problem of reinforcing bar collision. Although the distance between the A1 reinforcing rib 31 and the A2 reinforcing rib 32 on different precast components may have slight differences, the length of the clamping member 40 is adjustable, making it easy to meet the installation requirements. Therefore, the joint structure described in this invention has the characteristic of convenient assembly.

[0042] Furthermore, reinforcing ribs A1 31 and A2 32 are two discontinuous reinforcing ribs, which originally required measures to connect them. However, in this invention, the clamping member 40 is placed between the two reinforcing ribs. It not only serves as a clamping tool for the waterproof sealing gasket but also connects the reinforcing ribs after the clamping operation is completed. This eliminates the need for additional reinforcing rib connections, reducing assembly steps and making it more economical and convenient than the traditional clamping method using external mechanical equipment. Since the clamping member 40 is cast within the post-cast material 60, the pre-pressure generated by the clamping member 40 is unlikely to be lost if the post-cast material 60 is not damaged. Therefore, the pre-compression scheme adopted in this invention has good reliability.

[0043] It is obvious that the above description and account are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the disclosure, application, or use of this invention. Although embodiments have been described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the specific examples exemplified by the drawings and described in the embodiments as currently considered the best mode for carrying out the teachings of the invention. The scope of the invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pre-stressed waterproof prefabricated dry-wet composite joint structure, comprising two self-waterproof precast components, a steel reinforcement connection tensioning device, and post-cast material, wherein the two self-waterproof precast components are a first self-waterproof precast component and a second self-waterproof precast component, and the two self-waterproof precast components are cement-based precast components processed in a prefabrication plant, characterized in that: The ends of the first and second self-waterproof precast components contain variable cross-section areas. By utilizing the good self-waterproof properties of the precast components, the leakage problems that may occur in the on-site cast joint structure can be solved. The variable cross-section area also serves as a template when the post-cast material is poured on-site. The gap formed after the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component are joined together is the key water-stopping area. The joint of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component is provided with a first waterproof material, and the joint of the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component is provided with a corresponding second waterproof material. The rebar connection tensioning device includes a clamping member disposed inside the variable cross-section area of ​​the first self-waterproof precast component and the second self-waterproof precast component to better achieve clamping. The clamping member is simultaneously connected to the A1 reinforcing bar connected to the inside of the first self-waterproof precast component and the A2 reinforcing bar connected to the inside of the second self-waterproof precast component. Therefore, driving the clamping member achieves clamping of the self-waterproof precast components at the splice joint.

2. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first and second waterproofing materials are made of waterproof sealing gaskets or water-swellable rubber.

3. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping component uses turnbuckles and power cable tensioners to achieve the clamping function.

4. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion joint is provided at one end of the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component and the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component relative to the joint. The expansion joint includes at least two first embedded nuts on the first self-waterproofing prefabricated component, at least two second embedded nuts on the second self-waterproofing prefabricated component, and an expansion rod. The two ends of the expansion rod are respectively fixed to the first embedded nuts and the second embedded nuts by bolts. A compression spring is provided in the middle of the expansion rod to counteract the additional bending moment in this part.

5. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After the first waterproof material and the second waterproof material are pressed together, the inner sides of the first waterproof material and the second waterproof material are provided with grouting material and isolation rubber for sealing the grouting material.

6. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to the clamping member, A1 reinforcing rib and A2 reinforcing rib forming the first clamping assembly, a second clamping assembly is also provided. The second clamping assembly includes B1 reinforcing rib and post-installed reinforcing rib located in the variable cross-section region. The B1 reinforcing rib is connected to the inner side of the second self-waterproof prefabricated component.

7. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The A1, A2, and B1 reinforcing bars are connected to the precast components in the precast component factory. The post-installed reinforcing bars are installed after the pre-stressing operation is completed using clamping devices. During installation, steel bar connectors are used to connect them to the first self-waterproofing precast component.

8. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The other end of the post-installed reinforcing rib is connected to the B1 reinforcing rib by welding, mechanical connection, grouting sleeve or lap splicing. The connection of the post-installed reinforcing rib is carried out after the pre-compression is completed.

9. The pre-compressed waterproof assembled dry-wet composite joint structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The position of the steel bar joint formed by the post-installed reinforcing bar and the B1 reinforcing bar is misaligned with the clamping member in the thickness direction of the precast component.

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