Intelligent self-adaptive extension device and method for machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent self-adaptive extension device and method for a machine tool, and relates to the technical field of machine tool extension. Comprising an extension table, an anti-bending assembly is arranged in a fixing column, a pressing plate is fixed to one side of the anti-bending assembly, a centering positioning assembly is arranged in a placing table, a base is fixed to the top end of the centering positioning assembly, an adjusting assembly is arranged at the bottom of a placing plate, and a spring is fixed to one side of the adjusting assembly. The electric telescopic rod drives the moving block to slide, linear motion is converted into opposite sliding of the moving frame, then the sliding frame is pushed to drive the pressing plate to conduct opposite clamping through linkage of the rotating plate and the moving plate, vertical pressing of workpieces with different thicknesses can be adapted, cutting force, feeding force and vibration are effectively resisted, and the machining precision is improved. Warping, lifting or axial movement of the workpiece is avoided, cutting vibration marks are reduced, the surface machining quality of the workpiece is improved, and self-adaptive pressing of the workpieces with different thicknesses is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool extension technology, specifically to an intelligent adaptive extension device and method for machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] The machine tool worktable is the core component for positioning and supporting workpieces. Its effective stroke directly determines the maximum length of the workpiece that can be processed. In the processing scenarios of long shafts, large plates, and irregularly shaped and extra-long workpieces, due to the limited size of the machine tool worktable, it is usually necessary to install an extension table to expand the effective support range. Machine tool extension tables are mostly fixed rigid plates, manual telescopic brackets, or simple hydraulic support structures.

[0003] When ultra-long workpieces, shaft-type workpieces, and plate-type workpieces are placed on the combined support surface of the machine tool's worktable and extension table, the workpiece's center of gravity is off-center, its length is large, and it is easy to deviate. The table support alone cannot ensure that the workpiece axis is consistent with the machine tool's feed direction and spindle rotation center, which can easily lead to problems such as clamping deviation, inaccurate positioning reference, machining coaxiality, and out-of-tolerance linearity. Moreover, the workpiece can only be positioned manually on the extension table, which cannot resist cutting forces, feed forces, vibration, and centrifugal forces. Ultra-long workpieces are prone to warping, lifting, or moving along the worktable surface during the cutting process.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on existing intelligent adaptive extension devices and methods used in machine tools. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a solution that differs significantly from existing technologies. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent adaptive extension device and method for machine tools to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent adaptive extension device and method for machine tools, comprising an extension table, a fixed column fixed at the top of the extension table, an anti-bending component disposed within the fixed column, a pressure plate fixed on one side of the anti-bending component, and a placement table used to anti-stress clamp the workpiece by means of the anti-bending component, a placement table fixed at the top of the extension table, a centering positioning component disposed within the placement table, a base fixed at the top of the centering positioning component, and the base used to center-clamp the workpiece by means of the centering positioning component, an elastic telescopic rod fixed within the placement table, a placement plate fixed at the top of the elastic telescopic rod, an adjustment component disposed at the bottom of the placement plate, a spring fixed on one side of the adjustment component, and the spring force adjusted by means of the adjustment component, and a clamping plate fixed at one end of the spring.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-bending assembly includes a movable block that is limited and slidably connected within a fixed column. An electric telescopic rod is fixed to one side of the movable block. A push plate is rotatably connected to the movable block via a connecting shaft. A movable frame is rotatably connected to the push plate via a connecting shaft. A rotating plate is connected to the movable frame via a connecting shaft. The rotating plate is symmetrically connected to the movable plate via a connecting shaft. One of the movable plates is rotatably connected to the sliding frame via a connecting shaft. The other movable plate is rotatably connected to a protruding position within the fixed column via a connecting shaft. One side of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to a pressure plate.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed column has a cavity that accommodates the movable frame and the sliding frame, and the movable frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0009] Preferably, a guide rod is fixed on one side of the sliding frame, and a guide ring that slides in conjunction with the guide rod is provided in the cavity of the fixed column.

[0010] Preferably, the centering positioning component includes a rotating seat disposed in the placement platform, the bottom end of the rotating seat being fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, the rotating seat being symmetrically rotatably connected to a pull plate via a connecting shaft, the pull plate being rotatably connected to a movable seat via a connecting shaft, and the top end of the movable seat being fixedly connected to the base.

[0011] Preferably, the placement platform has a cavity that cooperates with the rotating seat and the pull plate to move, and the movable seat is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a fixing rod fixed to the bottom end of the placement plate, a connecting plate fixed to the bottom end of the fixing rod, a push rod slidably connected to the connecting plate, a fixing block slidably connected to the top end of the push rod, a sliding seat fixed to one side of the fixing block, and a spring fixedly connected to one side of the sliding seat.

[0013] Preferably, the push rod has a cavity that moves to cooperate with the connecting plate, and the contact surfaces of the push rod and the fixing block are both inclined surfaces.

[0014] Preferably, the placement platform has a cavity that accommodates the connecting plate and the push rod, and the base has a cavity that accommodates the push rod and the sliding seat.

[0015] A method of using an intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools includes the following steps: S1: Connect the extension stage and the machine tool worktable to complete the electrical and signal connection, perform self-testing and calibration of the intelligent control system, establish linkage communication and enter standby mode to ensure the accuracy of subsequent action references; S2: The workpiece is placed on the placement table. The motor drives the rotating seat, the pull plate and the moving seat in a coordinated manner, driving the base to move centripetally, so as to realize the centering and straightening of the workpiece. S3: Start the electric telescopic rod, which drives the moving block, push plate, etc. to move in conjunction, so that the moving frame and sliding frame drive the pressure plate to move in opposite directions and press the workpiece; S4: The workpiece presses the placement plate downwards, and through the inclined plane transmission of the fixed rod, push rod and other components, the spring is compressed, and the clamping force of the base is adaptively adjusted.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention drives the rotating seat to rotate via a motor, which in turn drives the symmetrically hinged pull plates to move synchronously via a connecting shaft. This converts the rotational motion into the linear sliding motion of the moving seat, which in turn drives the base to move synchronously towards the center. This achieves automatic centering and straightening of workpieces of different widths, ensuring that the workpiece axis is coaxial with the machine tool spindle and feed direction. This eliminates clamping misalignment errors, significantly shortens clamping auxiliary time, improves clamping efficiency, eliminates positioning errors caused by manual alignment, and ensures the straightness and coaxiality of ultra-long workpieces. At the same time, it expands the adaptability of the device to workpieces of different specifications and reduces the cost of using special tooling.

[0017] 2. This invention uses an electric telescopic rod to drive the sliding block to slide, which in turn drives the push plate to rotate, converting linear motion into opposing sliding of the moving frame. Then, through the linkage of the rotating plate and the moving plate, the sliding frame is pushed to drive the pressure plate to clamp in opposite directions. The transmission is smooth and the clamping force is evenly transmitted. It can adapt to the upper and lower clamping of workpieces of different thicknesses, forming a stable vertical constraint, effectively resisting cutting force, feed force and vibration, avoiding workpiece warping, lifting or axial movement, reducing cutting marks, improving the surface processing quality of the workpiece, realizing adaptive clamping of workpieces of different thicknesses, strong clamping versatility, reliable vertical clamping without gaps, effectively suppressing workpiece vibration during processing, reducing cutting marks, improving the surface processing quality of the workpiece, and at the same time, the transmission structure is smooth and without jamming, ensuring the accuracy of the clamping action and avoiding workpiece damage or loosening caused by excessive or insufficient clamping force.

[0018] 3. This invention drives the placement plate downwards based on the workpiece thickness, and drives the push rod to slide through the fixed rod and connecting plate. Utilizing the inclined plane transmission between the push rod and the fixed block, the vertical motion is converted into the horizontal motion of the sliding seat. The compression spring provides elastic buffering and force adjustment. The transmission structure is compact and responsive, automatically matching the clamping force to workpieces of different thicknesses and weights. This avoids excessive force damaging the workpiece or insufficient force causing it to loosen, achieving intelligent adaptive control of the clamping force. It balances workpiece clamping reliability and surface protection, further enhancing the device's adaptability to workpieces of different specifications and thicknesses. No manual adjustment of the clamping force is required, reducing the intensity of manual operation. At the same time, the spring's buffering effect absorbs minor vibrations during processing, further improving processing stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-bending component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-bending component from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the connection between the extension platform and the placement platform of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the centering positioning component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the centering positioning component from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Extension platform; 2. Fixed column; 301. Moving block; 302. Push plate; 303. Moving frame; 304. Rotating plate; 305. Moving plate; 306. Sliding frame; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Placement platform; 601. Rotating seat; 602. Pull plate; 603. Moving seat; 7. Base; 8. Placement plate; 9. Elastic telescopic rod; 101. Fixed rod; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Push rod; 104. Fixed block; 105. Sliding seat; 11. Spring; 12. Clamping plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent adaptive extension device and method for machine tools, including an extension table 1, a fixing column 2 fixed at the top of the extension table 1, an anti-bending component inside the fixing column 2, a pressure plate 4 fixed on one side of the anti-bending component, and a placement table 5 used to clamp the workpiece against stress through the anti-bending component, a placement table 5 fixed at the top of the extension table 1, a centering positioning component inside the placement table 5, a base 7 fixed at the top of the centering positioning component, and a centering positioning component used to clamp the workpiece in a centered manner through the base 7, an elastic telescopic rod 9 fixed inside the placement table 5, a placement plate 8 fixed at the top of the elastic telescopic rod 9, an adjustment component at the bottom of the placement plate 8, a spring 11 fixed on one side of the adjustment component, and the spring force of the spring 11 adjusted by the adjustment component, and a clamping plate 12 fixed at one end of the spring 11.

[0023] In practice, after the extension table 1 is connected to the machine tool worktable, the centering positioning component in the placement table 5 drives the base 7 to achieve automatic centering and clamping of the workpiece. The anti-bending component in the fixed column 2 drives the pressure plate 4 to press the workpiece against stress and bend. The workpiece is placed on the placement plate 8, and the elastic telescopic rod 9 provides buffer support. The spring force of the spring 11 is adjusted by the adjustment component at the bottom of the placement plate 8, and the clamping force is adjusted by the clamping plate 12 to achieve adaptive clamping force adjustment, thereby completing the stable and accurate clamping and positioning of the workpiece.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the anti-bending component includes a movable block 301 that is limited and slidably connected within the fixed column 2. An electric telescopic rod is fixed to one side of the movable block 301. A push plate 302 is rotatably connected to the movable block 301 via a connecting shaft. A movable frame 303 is rotatably connected to the push plate 302 via a connecting shaft. A rotating plate 304 is connected to the movable frame 303 via a connecting shaft. A movable plate 305 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the rotating plate 304 via a connecting shaft. One of the movable plates 305 is rotatably connected to a sliding frame 306 via a connecting shaft. The other movable plate 305 is rotatably connected to a protruding position within the fixed column 2 via a connecting shaft. One side of the sliding frame 306 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 4.

[0025] In practice, the electric telescopic rod drives the movable block 301, which is limited to sliding within the fixed column 2, to move. The movable block 301 drives the push plate 302 to rotate via the connecting shaft. The push plate 302 then drives the movable frame 303 to move via the connecting shaft. The movable frame 303 drives the rotating plate 304 to move synchronously. The rotating plate 304 drives two symmetrical movable plates 305 to rotate via the connecting shaft, which in turn drives the sliding frame 306 connected to another movable plate 305 to slide within the fixed column 2. Finally, the sliding frame 306 drives the pressure plate 4 to achieve anti-bending and anti-stress pressing on the workpiece.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fixed column 2 has a cavity that cooperates with the movable frame 303 and the sliding frame 306 to move, and the movable frame 303 is limited and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0027] In practice, the fixed column 2 has a cavity for cooperating with the movement of the movable frame 303 and the sliding frame 306. The movable frame 303 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity to guide and constrain the movement path of the movable frame 303.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a guide rod is fixed on one side of the sliding frame 306, and a guide ring that slides in conjunction with the guide rod is provided in the cavity opened in the fixed column 2.

[0029] In practice, a guide rod is fixed on one side of the sliding frame 306, and a guide ring that cooperates with the guide rod is provided in the cavity of the fixed column 2. Through the sliding cooperation between the guide rod and the guide ring, the movement of the sliding frame 306 is guided and limited, ensuring that its movement is stable and reliable.

[0030] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the centering positioning component includes a rotating seat 601 disposed in the placement platform 5. The bottom end of the rotating seat 601 is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft. The rotating seat 601 is symmetrically rotatably connected to a pull plate 602 via a connecting shaft. The pull plate 602 is rotatably connected to a movable seat 603 via a connecting shaft. The top end of the movable seat 603 is fixedly connected to the base 7.

[0031] In practice, the motor drives the rotating seat 601 in the placement platform 5 to rotate. The rotating seat 601 drives the symmetrically arranged pull plates 602 to rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft. The pull plates 602 then drive the moving seat 603 to move through the connecting shaft. In turn, the moving seat 603 drives the base 7 to achieve the centering and clamping of the workpiece.

[0032] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the placement platform 5 has a cavity that cooperates with the rotating seat 601 and the pull plate 602 to move, and the movable seat 603 is limited and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0033] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a fixing rod 101 fixed to the bottom end of the placement plate 8, a connecting plate 102 fixed to the bottom end of the fixing rod 101, a push rod 103 slidably connected to the connecting plate 102, a fixing block 104 slidably connected to the top end of the push rod 103, a sliding seat 105 fixed to one side of the fixing block 104, and a spring 11 fixedly connected to one side of the sliding seat 105.

[0034] In practice, the placement platform 5 has a cavity for the rotating seat 601 and the pull plate 602 to move. The movable seat 603 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity, thereby guiding and limiting the movement of the movable seat 603.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the push rod 103 has a cavity that moves in conjunction with the connecting plate 102, and the contact surfaces of the push rod 103 and the fixing block 104 are both inclined surfaces.

[0036] In specific implementation, the push rod 103 has a cavity for the connecting plate 102 to move, and the contact surfaces of the push rod 103 and the fixed block 104 are both inclined surfaces, so as to realize the inclined surface transmission cooperation between the two.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the placement platform 5 has a cavity that moves with the connecting plate 102 and the push rod 103, and the base 7 has a cavity that moves with the push rod 103 and the sliding seat 105.

[0038] In practice, the placement platform 5 has a cavity for the connecting plate 102 and the push rod 103 to move, and the base 7 has a cavity for the push rod 103 and the sliding seat 105 to move, providing space for the movement of each component and achieving guidance and limiting.

[0039] A method of using an intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools includes the following steps: S1: Connect the extension stage 1 to the machine tool worktable, complete the electrical and signal connection, perform self-test and calibration of the intelligent control system, establish linkage communication and enter standby mode to ensure the accuracy of subsequent action references; S2: The workpiece is placed on the placement table 5. The motor drives the rotating seat 601, the pull plate 602, and the moving seat 603 in a coordinated manner, driving the base 7 to move centripetally, thereby achieving the centering and straightening of the workpiece. S3: Start the electric telescopic rod, which drives the moving block 301, push plate 302 and other linkages, so that the moving frame 303 and sliding frame 306 drive the pressure plate 4 to move in opposite directions to press the workpiece; S4: The workpiece presses the placement plate 8 to move down, and through the inclined plane transmission of the fixed rod 101, push rod 103 and other components, the spring 11 is compressed, and the clamping force of the base 7 is adaptively adjusted.

[0040] Working principle: When using the intelligent adaptive extension device and method for machine tools, the extension table 1 is first fixedly connected to the machine tool worktable, and the extension table 1 is pre-calibrated. Then, the device is electrically connected and signal communication is established with the machine tool CNC system. After the intelligent control system is powered on, it executes a self-test program to complete the calibration of the extension stroke, levelness, and parameters of various sensing elements. It establishes stable linkage communication with the machine tool CNC system, and the device enters the standby working state. This achieves precise docking of the extension table 1 with the machine tool and system initialization, ensuring the reference accuracy of all subsequent actions and avoiding clamping and machining errors caused by docking deviation or parameter inaccuracy. The workpiece to be processed is hoisted and placed on the top of the placement platform 5 of the machine tool worktable and extension table 1. The motor is started, and the rotating seat 601 is rotated by the motor. Then, the pull plate 602, which is symmetrically rotated and connected to the rotating seat 601, is rotated by the connecting shaft. The rotation of the pull plate 602 causes the moving seat 603, which is rotated and connected to it, to move in the cavity opened in the placement platform 5. This causes the base 7, which is fixed to the moving seat 603, to move centripetally on the top of the placement platform 5. This achieves automatic centering and clamping of workpieces of different widths. Since the extension table 1 has been straightened in advance, the two sets of opposing and synchronously moving bases 7 simultaneously perform straightening and alignment of the workpiece while centering and clamping it. This ensures that the workpiece axis is coaxial with the machine tool spindle centerline and feed direction, achieving automatic centering and alignment of the workpiece. There is no need for manual marking or dial indicator to align the workpiece at the top of the 1. It can quickly adapt to workpieces of different widths. After clamping, the workpiece is not skewed or loose, and the axis is aligned with the machine tool machining reference with high precision. After the workpiece is centered and aligned at both ends, the electric telescopic rod is activated. The electric telescopic rod drives the moving block 301 to move within the cavity of the fixed column 2, which in turn drives the push plate 302 to rotate. Since the moving frame 303 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity of the fixed column 2, the rotating push plate 302 drives the two moving frames 303 to move in opposite directions. When the moving frame 303 moves, the rotating plate 304 rotatably connected to its top moves synchronously. Since the rotating plate 304 is symmetrically connected to two moving plates 305 via a connecting axis, one of them... One movable plate 305 is rotatably connected to the protruding part of the inner wall of the fixed column 2, and the other movable plate 305 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 306. The movement of the rotating plate 304 drives the two movable plates 305 to rotate, thereby pushing the sliding frame 306 to slide within the cavity opened in the fixed column 2. This, in turn, drives the pressure plate 4, which is fixed to the sliding frame 306, to perform opposing clamping movements, thereby achieving vertical clamping and fixing of workpieces of different thicknesses. The pressure plate 4 forms a stable vertical clamping constraint on the workpiece, which can counteract the upward warping force and axial movement of the workpiece during the cutting process, and prevent the workpiece from being lifted vertically or moved horizontally. After the workpiece is clamped in both vertical and horizontal positions, it is placed on the upper surface of the placement plate 8 at the top of the placement platform 5. Due to the different thicknesses of the workpiece, the placement plate 8 will be driven to move vertically along the guide structure at the top of the placement platform 5. When the placement plate 8 moves downward, it compresses the elastic telescopic rod 9 fixed at its bottom end, which acts as a buffer and support. At the same time, the placement plate 8 synchronously drives the fixed rod 101 fixed at its bottom end to move vertically, thereby driving the connecting plate 102 fixedly connected to the fixed rod 101 to move. Since the connecting plate 102 and the push rod 103 are in a limited sliding connection, the push rod 103 moves synchronously with the moving seat 603, so that the push rod 103 moves inside the base 7 through the connecting plate 102, and the contact surface between the push rod 103 and the fixed block 104 is oblique. The inclined plane transmission mechanism drives the vertical movement of the push rod 103 to move the fixed block 104 horizontally, thereby causing the sliding seat 105 to slide inside the base 7. This presses the spring 11 between the sliding seat 105 and the clamping plate 12. Through the elastic deformation of the spring 11, the centering clamping force of workpieces of different thicknesses is adaptively adjusted to ensure that the clamping force matches the thickness and weight of the workpiece. The centering clamping force is automatically matched according to the thickness of the workpiece, and the clamping force is constant and moderate. It will not damage the surface of the workpiece due to excessive force, causing the workpiece to deform, nor will it loosen and shift the workpiece during processing due to insufficient force. At the same time, when the clamping plate 12 clamps the workpiece, the buffering effect of the spring 11 can absorb the small vibrations during the processing, further improving the processing stability.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools, comprising an extension table (1), characterized in that: The extension platform (1) is fixed with a fixed column (2) at the top. The fixed column (2) is provided with an anti-bending component. The anti-bending component is fixed with a pressure plate (4) on one side. The anti-bending component drives the placement platform (5) to perform stress-resistant clamping on the workpiece. The extension platform (1) is fixed with a placement platform (5) at the top. The placement platform (5) is provided with a centering positioning component. The centering positioning component is fixed with a base (7) at the top. The centering positioning component drives the base (7) to perform centering clamping on the workpiece. The placement platform (5) is fixed with an elastic telescopic rod (9). The elastic telescopic rod (9) is fixed with a placement plate (8) at the top. The placement plate (8) is provided with an adjustment component at the bottom. The adjustment component is fixed with a spring (11) on one side. The adjustment component is used to adjust the elastic force of the spring (11). The spring (11) is fixed with a clamping plate (12) at one end.

2. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-bending assembly includes a movable block (301) that is limited and slidably connected within a fixed column (2). An electric telescopic rod is fixed to one side of the movable block (301). The movable block (301) is rotatably connected to a push plate (302) via a connecting shaft. The push plate (302) is rotatably connected to a movable frame (303) via a connecting shaft. The movable frame (303) is connected to a rotating plate (304) via a connecting shaft. The rotating plate (304) is symmetrically connected to a movable plate (305) via a connecting shaft. One of the movable plates (305) is rotatably connected to a sliding frame (306) via a connecting shaft. The other movable plate (305) is rotatably connected to a protruding position within the fixed column (2) via a connecting shaft. One side of the sliding frame (306) is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (4).

3. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed column (2) has a cavity that accommodates the movable frame (303) and the sliding frame (306). The movable frame (303) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

4. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide rod is fixed on one side of the sliding frame (306), and a guide ring that slides with the guide rod is provided in the cavity of the fixed column (2).

5. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering positioning component includes a rotating seat (601) set in the placement platform (5). The bottom end of the rotating seat (601) is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft. The rotating seat (601) is symmetrically connected to a pull plate (602) through a connecting shaft. The pull plate (602) is rotatably connected to a movable seat (603) through a connecting shaft. The top end of the movable seat (603) is fixedly connected to the base (7).

6. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 5, characterized in that: The placement platform (5) has a cavity that moves in conjunction with the rotating seat (601) and the pull plate (602), and the movable seat (603) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

7. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a fixing rod (101) fixed to the bottom of the placement plate (8), a connecting plate (102) fixed to the bottom of the fixing rod (101), a push rod (103) slidably connected to the connecting plate (102), a fixing block (104) slidably connected to the top of the push rod (103), a sliding seat (105) fixed to one side of the fixing block (104), and a spring (11) fixedly connected to one side of the sliding seat (105).

8. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that: The push rod (103) has a cavity that moves with the connecting plate (102), and the contact surfaces of the push rod (103) and the fixing block (104) are both inclined surfaces.

9. The intelligent adaptive extension device for machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that: The placement platform (5) has a cavity that allows the connecting plate (102) and push rod (103) to move together, and the base (7) has a cavity that allows the push rod (103) and sliding seat (105) to move together.

10. A method of using an intelligent adaptive extension device for a machine tool, applicable to the intelligent adaptive extension device for a machine tool as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: Connect the extension stage (1) to the machine tool worktable, complete the electrical and signal connection, perform self-test calibration of the intelligent control system, establish linkage communication and enter standby mode to ensure the accuracy of subsequent action references; S2: The workpiece is placed on the placement table (5), and the motor drives the rotating seat (601), the pull plate (602), and the moving seat (603) to move in a coordinated manner, driving the base (7) to move centripetally, so as to realize the centering and straightening of the workpiece; S3: Start the electric telescopic rod, which drives the moving block (301), push plate (302), etc. to move in conjunction, so that the moving frame (303) and sliding frame (306) drive the pressure plate (4) to move in opposite directions and press the workpiece; S4: The workpiece presses the placement plate (8) down, and through the inclined plane transmission of the fixed rod (101), push rod (103), etc., the spring (11) is compressed, and the clamping force of the base (7) is adjusted adaptively.

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