High-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave high-temperature sintering, and discloses a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts, which comprises a front-end pre-excitation area, a middle main heating area and a rear-end compensation excitation area which are axially divided on the sintering furnace; the feed port assembly comprises 15 feed ports, four feed ports are arranged on the front-end pre-excitation area, six feed ports are arranged on the middle main heating area, and five feed ports are arranged on the rear-end compensation excitation area; the bearing assembly comprises a rotary lifting part and a rotary disc, the rotary lifting part is arranged at the bottom end of the sintering furnace, one end of the rotary lifting part is fixedly connected with the rotary disc, and a temperature measuring part and a monitoring part are arranged on the sintering furnace and used for measuring the temperature of the sintering sample in real time and monitoring the smoke concentration in the sintering furnace and the state change of the sintering sample in real time. According to the invention, it is ensured that a large batch of samples are placed in an area with optimal and uniform microwave field intensity, synchronous, stable and uniform high-temperature sintering is realized, and the quality consistency of microwave sintering of the samples and the safety of the sintering process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave high-temperature sintering technology, and in particular to a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave heating, as a novel material preparation method, offers significant advantages over traditional resistance sintering. Traditional sintering relies on radiative heat transfer, which suffers from drawbacks such as high sintering temperatures, long sintering times, and large internal thermal gradients. Microwave sintering, on the other hand, involves the generation of dielectric dipole moments by molecules within the material under the influence of a microwave electromagnetic field. These dipole moments cause relative motion between molecules, resulting in frictional heat generation and the absorption of microwave energy—a self-heating process that achieves overall internal heating and avoids the uneven heating caused by heat conduction. Furthermore, microwave sintering offers advantages such as rapid heating, selective heating, lower sintering temperatures, low energy consumption, and environmental friendliness. It can also produce finer and more uniform microstructures, making it particularly suitable for the preparation of refractory metal compounds (such as tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, and titanium carbonitride) and advanced ceramic materials.

[0003] The thermal energy of microwave sintering originates from the direct coupling between the microwave field and the material. Therefore, ensuring the sample remains within a uniformly distributed microwave electromagnetic field throughout the sintering process is crucial for achieving uniform and stable microwave heating. Excessive localized electromagnetic field strength within the microwave resonant cavity can easily lead to phenomena such as "arson" and "hot spots." This can range from causing excessive thermal stress and cracking within the sample to, in severe cases, breakdown damage to the microwave sintering furnace cavity or burnout of the magnetron. Conversely, insufficient electromagnetic field strength within the cavity results in inadequate microwave energy for internal material coupling, making it difficult to reach the densification temperature required for complete sintering.

[0004] Numerous factors influence the electromagnetic field distribution within a microwave resonant cavity and the high-temperature sintering process. The cavity's shape and size, the number and location of feed ports, the operating frequency and mode, and the load position all affect the intensity and uniformity of the microwave electromagnetic field within the cavity, consequently impacting the sintering temperature, heating rate, and temperature distribution uniformity of the sample during the sintering process. Existing technologies have conducted extensive finite element simulation studies on the influence of microwave sintering resonant cavity structural design on sample temperature distribution uniformity, the use of mode stirrers to improve microwave heating uniformity, and the relationship between load position and temperature distribution. However, these studies primarily focus on food heating, low-temperature microwave sintering (generally below 1500℃), simple single-mode resonant cavities, and small multi-mode resonant cavities. Furthermore, the highest sintering temperature of existing industrial microwave sintering equipment is almost always below 1600℃, resulting in very small actual sintering spaces, making it suitable only for the individual sintering of small parts and hindering true industrial applications.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to achieve high-temperature uniform batch sintering in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperatures and uniformly, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts, comprising a sintering furnace, The sintering furnace is divided into a front pre-excitation zone, a middle main heating zone, and a rear compensation excitation zone along the axial direction. The feed port assembly includes 15 feed ports, of which four feed ports are located on the front pre-excitation zone, six feed ports are located on the middle main heating zone, and the remaining five feed ports are located on the rear compensation excitation zone. Magnetrons are installed on the feed ports. The supporting component includes a rotating lifting component and a turntable. The rotating lifting component is disposed at the bottom end of the sintering furnace. One end of the rotating lifting component extends into the sintering furnace and is fixedly connected to the turntable. A temperature measuring component is disposed on the sintering furnace and is coaxially disposed with the rotating lifting component. A monitoring device is installed on the sintering furnace to monitor the smoke concentration inside the sintering furnace and the changes in the sintered samples inside the sintering furnace.

[0008] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts is provided. The feed port on the front pre-excitation zone is located on a first plane, and the distance between the first plane and the top surface of the cavity of the sintering furnace is 150mm-200mm. The feed ports on the middle main heating zone are respectively located on a second plane and a third plane, the distance between the second plane and the top surface of the cavity is 280mm-380mm, and the distance between the third plane and the top surface of the cavity is 410mm-560mm. The feed port on the rear compensation excitation zone is located on a fourth plane, and the distance between the fourth plane and the top surface of the cavity is 540mm-740mm.

[0009] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts is provided. The four feed ports on the front-end pre-excitation zone are respectively the first feed port, the eleventh feed port, the seventh feed port and the thirteenth feed port, which are fixedly connected to the first plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The first feed port and the seventh feed port are symmetrically arranged, and the eleventh feed port and the thirteenth feed port are symmetrically arranged.

[0010] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts is provided. The six feed ports on the central main heating zone are respectively the second feed port, the third feed port, the fifth feed port, the sixth feed port, the ninth feed port and the tenth feed port. The second feed port, the fifth feed port and the ninth feed port are fixedly connected to the third plane along the circumference, and the third feed port, the sixth feed port and the tenth feed port are fixedly connected to the fourth plane along the circumference.

[0011] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts is provided. The five feed ports on the rear compensation excitation zone are respectively the fourth feed port, the twelfth feed port, the eighth feed port, the fourteenth feed port and the fifteenth feed port. The fourth feed port, the twelfth feed port, the eighth feed port and the fourteenth feed port are fixedly connected to the fourth plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The fourth feed port and the eighth feed port are symmetrically arranged, the twelfth feed port and the fourteenth feed port are symmetrically arranged, and the fifteenth feed port is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the sintering furnace.

[0012] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly includes a rotating lifting component comprising a turntable shaft fixedly connected to the bottom end of the turntable, and the turntable shaft slidingly contacting the sintering furnace.

[0013] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly includes an infrared temperature measuring head. The outer surface of the sintering furnace is provided with a temperature measuring hole corresponding to the center position of the turntable. The infrared temperature measuring head directly measures the temperature of the sample inside the furnace through the temperature measuring hole.

[0014] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly includes a monitoring device comprising a visual sensor and a flame smoke concentration monitoring sensor, which are respectively disposed on the outer wall of the sintering furnace. The sintering furnace is provided with a pressure relief valve, a gas outlet, an observation port, and a gas inlet. The flame smoke concentration monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the valves of the pressure relief valve, the gas inlet, and the gas outlet.

[0015] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in a high-temperature uniform batch is provided. The central axis of the ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor is at an angle of 105° with the central plane of the sintering furnace, the central axis of the pressure relief valve is at an angle of 70° with the central plane of the sintering furnace, and the central axis of the vision sensor and the observation port is at an angle of 105° with the central plane of the sintering furnace.

[0016] According to the present invention, a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly is provided. The sintering furnace is cylindrical, with an inner diameter of 800mm-850mm and a depth of 830mm-880mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts to be sintered in batches at high temperature and uniformly. The supporting components and temperature measuring components work together. The rotation function brings a mode stirring effect that can make the material heat more uniformly. The lifting function allows dynamic adjustment of the axial position of the material in the electromagnetic field of the resonant cavity, while ensuring that the material is always within the effective and accurate range of infrared temperature measurement.

[0018] 2. The number and three-dimensional spatial layout of the waveguide feed ports in the microwave sintering furnace cavity are the result of a collaborative optimization design of electromagnetic and thermal multi-physics fields. This structural design can excite a high-density, low-degeneracy hybrid electromagnetic mode within the cavity, thereby forming a sufficient and uniformly distributed electromagnetic field in the material region. This ensures that the samples can be heated to the target temperature at a controllable rate during batch sintering, achieving excellent temperature uniformity and batch process repeatability, meeting the stringent sintering requirements of refractory materials. This invention determines the spatial arrangement of the feed ports in the sintering cavity through multi-feed port collaborative simulation optimization, thereby exciting and maintaining a high-intensity, highly uniform microwave electromagnetic field within the cavity. This ensures that a large number of samples can be placed in the region with the optimal and uniform field strength, achieving synchronous, stable, and uniform heating and sintering. Compared to the parallel feed port arrangement scheme, this axial three-zone arrangement scheme improves heating uniformity by more than 37%.

[0019] 3. By installing visual sensors, video monitoring terminals, and ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensors on the sintering furnace, the present invention can monitor the global state changes of the furnace cavity and the sample in real time during the sintering process, and capture and record the global thermal image distribution during the sintering process in real time, ensuring the accuracy of temperature measurement and the safety of the sintering process, while providing key sintering process perception information. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Rear view; Figure 3For the present invention Figure 1 Top view; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A bottom view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feed ports of the present invention arranged in parallel on the sintering furnace; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Top view; Among them, 1. First feed port; 2. Second feed port; 3. Third feed port; 4. Fourth feed port; 5. Fifth feed port; 6. Sixth feed port; 7. Seventh feed port; 8. Eighth feed port; 9. Ninth feed port; 10. Tenth feed port; 11. Eleventh feed port; 12. Twelfth feed port; 13. Thirteenth feed port; 14. Fourteenth feed port; 15. Fifteenth feed port; 16. Pressure relief valve; 17. Air outlet; 18. Infrared thermometer; 19. Temperature measuring hole; 20. Ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor; 21. Visual sensor; 22. Observation port; 23. Sintering furnace; 24. Air inlet; 25. Turntable shaft; 26. Shaft hole; 27. Turntable; 28. Top surface of furnace cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-7 This invention provides a high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts, including a sintering furnace 23. The sintering furnace 23 is divided into a front pre-excitation zone, a middle main heating zone, and a rear compensation excitation zone along the axial direction. The feed assembly includes 15 feed ports, of which four feed ports are located in the front pre-excitation zone, six feed ports are located in the middle main heating zone, and the remaining five feed ports are located in the rear compensation excitation zone. Magnetrons are installed on the feed ports. The supporting components include a rotary lifting component and a turntable 27. The rotary lifting component is located at the bottom of the sintering furnace 23. One end of the rotary lifting component extends into the sintering furnace 23 and is fixedly connected to the turntable 27. A temperature measuring component is provided on the sintering furnace 23. The temperature measuring component is coaxially arranged with the rotary lifting component. The monitoring device is installed on the sintering furnace 23 to monitor the smoke concentration inside the sintering furnace 23 and the changes in the sintered samples inside the sintering furnace 23.

[0024] In one embodiment of this invention, existing sintering cavity technology and equipment mainly consist of regular rectangular resonant cavities and vertical cylindrical resonant cavities. These share several common characteristics: small sintering cavity size, few feed ports (less than 4), low sintering temperature (below 1500℃), and few modes within the cavity. Existing microwave sintering cavities are primarily miniaturized, with low power, insufficient and unevenly distributed internal electromagnetic field strength, failing to meet the demands of large-scale, stable, and controllable sintering in actual industrial production. Furthermore, most microwave sintering furnaces have their cavity openings located at the top, the internal stage height is not adjustable, and the switching mechanism is cumbersome and inconvenient to operate. This invention employs an axial three-zone method to arrange 15 feed ports and incorporates a support component within the sintering furnace 23 to facilitate material rotation and relative axial movement during sintering. The sintering cavity is a horizontal cylindrical resonant cavity with the furnace door located on the side, simplifying operation. In addition, monitoring components are integrated into the wall of the sintering furnace 23 for real-time monitoring of the sintering process, solving the problems associated with existing sintering cavity technologies.

[0025] Further optimization of the scheme: the feed port on the front pre-excitation zone is located on the first plane, and the distance between the first plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity of the sintering furnace 23 is 150mm-200mm; the feed ports on the middle main heating zone are located on the second plane and the third plane, respectively, with the distance between the second plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity being 280mm-380mm and the distance between the third plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity being 410mm-560mm; the feed port on the rear compensation excitation zone is located on the fourth plane, with the distance between the fourth plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity being 540mm-740mm.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity of the sintering furnace 23 is 150mm-200mm, the distance between the second plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity of the sintering furnace 23 is 280mm-380mm, the distance between the third plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity of the sintering furnace 23 is 410mm-560mm, and the distance between the fourth plane and the top surface 28 of the cavity of the sintering furnace 23 is 540mm-740mm. The top surface of the cavity refers to the open end of the sintering furnace 23, which is used to install the furnace door. The 15 feed ports are positioned according to this surface.

[0027] The scheme is further optimized so that the four feed ports on the front-end pre-excitation area are the first feed port 1, the eleventh feed port 11, the seventh feed port 7 and the thirteenth feed port 13, which are fixedly connected to the first plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The first feed port 1 and the seventh feed port 7 are symmetrically arranged, and the eleventh feed port 11 and the thirteenth feed port 13 are symmetrically arranged.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first feed port 1 and the eleventh feed port 11 on the first plane are respectively symmetrically arranged with the seventh feed port 7 and the thirteenth feed port 13 through the axis of the sintering furnace 23.

[0029] The scheme is further optimized so that the six feed ports on the central main heating zone are the second feed port 2, the third feed port 3, the fifth feed port 5, the sixth feed port 6, the ninth feed port 9, and the tenth feed port 10. Among them, the second feed port 2, the fifth feed port 5, and the ninth feed port 9 are fixedly connected to the third plane along the circumference, and the third feed port 3, the sixth feed port 6, and the tenth feed port 10 are fixedly connected to the fourth plane along the circumference.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second feed port 2, the fifth feed port 5 and the ninth feed port 9 are arranged circumferentially on the third plane, and the third feed port 3, the sixth feed port 6 and the tenth feed port 10 are arranged circumferentially on the fourth plane.

[0031] The scheme is further optimized so that the five feed ports on the back-end compensation excitation zone are the fourth feed port 4, the twelfth feed port 12, the eighth feed port 8, the fourteenth feed port 14, and the fifteenth feed port 15. The fourth feed port 4, the twelfth feed port 12, the eighth feed port 8, and the fourteenth feed port 14 are fixedly connected to the fourth plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The fourth feed port 4 and the eighth feed port 8 are symmetrically arranged, the twelfth feed port 12 and the fourteenth feed port 14 are symmetrically arranged, and the fifteenth feed port 15 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the sintering furnace 23.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth feed port 4 and the twelfth feed port 12 on the fourth plane are symmetrically arranged with the eighth feed port 8 and the fourteenth feed port 14 through the axis of the sintering furnace 23, respectively, and the fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering furnace 23.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, a fifth plane, a sixth plane, and a seventh plane are distributed circumferentially along the sintering furnace 23. The first feed port 1, the second feed port 2, the third feed port 3, the fourth feed port 4, the seventh feed port 7, and the eighth feed port 8 are located on the fifth plane, which has an angle of -5° to -5° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23. The fifth feed port 5, the sixth feed port 6, the ninth feed port 9, and the tenth feed port 10 are located on the sixth plane, which has an angle of 50° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23. The eleventh feed port 11, the twelfth feed port 12, the thirteenth feed port 13, and the fourteenth feed port 14 are located on the seventh plane, which has an angle of 90° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23.

[0034] The scheme is further optimized so that the rotating lifting component includes a turntable shaft 25, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the turntable 27, and the turntable shaft 25 slides in contact with the sintering furnace 23.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the turntable shaft 25 can extend and retract vertically, and its end passes through the bottom of the sintering furnace 23 through the shaft hole 26 and extends out of the sintering furnace 23. The distance between the center plane of the turntable 27 and the center plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 60mm-140mm. A drive motor (not shown in the figure) for driving the shaft to extend, retract and rotate is provided outside the sintering furnace 23. Specifically, the diameter of the turntable 27 is preferably 400mm, the thickness is preferably 6mm, and the diameter of the turntable shaft hole is preferably 80mm.

[0036] The design is further optimized. The temperature measuring device includes an infrared temperature measuring head 18. The outer surface of the sintering furnace 23 has a temperature measuring hole 19 corresponding to the center position of the turntable 27. The infrared temperature measuring head 18 directly measures the temperature of the sample inside the furnace through the temperature measuring hole 19.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the infrared temperature measuring head 18 is arranged coaxially with the turntable 27, and the infrared temperature measuring head 18 is used to measure the temperature of the sample inside the sintering furnace 23.

[0038] The scheme is further optimized. The monitoring components include a visual sensor 21 and a ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor 20, which are respectively installed on the outer wall of the sintering furnace 23. The sintering furnace 23 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 16, an air outlet 17, an observation port 22, and an air inlet 24. The ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor 20 is electrically connected to the valves of the pressure relief valve 16, the air inlet 24, and the air outlet 17.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet 24 is used to introduce sintering protective gas into the sintering furnace 23, and the air outlet 17 is used to discharge the waste gas and smoke in the sintering furnace 23. The outside of the air inlet 24 is connected to an inert gas storage tank, and the outside of the air outlet 17 is connected to a waste gas purification device.

[0040] Specifically, the inert gas is preferably, but not limited to, nitrogen and argon, as nitrogen and argon are low in cost and can meet the sintering requirements of most materials. The diameter of the inlet 24 is preferably 20 mm, and the distance between the inlet 24 and the top surface 28 of the cavity is preferably 600 mm. The diameter of the outlet 17 is preferably 20 mm, and the distance between the outlet 17 and the top surface 28 of the cavity is preferably 280 mm. The size of the observation port 22 is preferably 30 mm, and the distance between the observation port 22 and the top surface of the cavity is preferably 280 mm. The observation port 22 is used to assist in observing the conditions inside the sintering furnace 23.

[0041] The scheme was further optimized so that the angle between the central axis of the ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor 20 and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 105°, the angle between the central axis of the pressure relief valve 16 and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 70°, and the angle between the central axis of the vision sensor 21 and the observation port 22 and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 105°.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, the central axis of the ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor 20 forms a 105° angle with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23. The ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor 20 is used to monitor the ignition situation inside the sintering furnace 23 and control the opening and closing of the pressure relief valve 16, the air inlet 24, and the air outlet 17. The central axis of the pressure relief valve 16 forms a 70° angle with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 and is used for pressure relief of the sintering furnace 23. Solenoid valves are installed in both the air inlet 24 and the air outlet 17. The opening and closing of the air inlet valve, air outlet valve, and pressure relief valve are controlled according to the concentration detected by the ignition smoke concentration sensor 20 and a pre-set program. If ignition is detected, feedback is sent to the control unit to adjust the power of the magnetron. The visual monitoring components include a visual sensor 21 and an observation port 22 installed in the sintering furnace 23. The central axis of the visual sensor 21 and the observation port 22 forms an angle of 105° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23. The visual sensor 21 is used to monitor the situation inside the sintering furnace 23 in real time during the sintering process. Specifically, the visual sensor 21 transmits the collected information to an image processing service. After processing, the global situation inside the furnace cavity and the state changes of the sample, as well as other relevant data information, can be observed in real time on the video monitoring terminal of the human-machine interface during the sintering process. This ensures the accuracy of temperature measurement and the safety of the sintering process. This technology is existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] Further optimization of the design: the sintering furnace 23 is cylindrical, with an inner diameter of 800mm-850mm and a depth of 830mm-880mm.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sintering furnace 23 adopts a horizontal cylindrical resonant cavity, and the furnace door is opened on the side of the cavity, which is easy to operate.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, a comparative example 1 is provided: Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 290mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 420mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 550mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The angle between the fifth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 0°, the angle between the sixth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 50°, and the angle between the seventh plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 90°.

[0046] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 98200, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0022.

[0047] Compare with Example 2: Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 300mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 440mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 580mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The angle between the fifth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 0°, the angle between the sixth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 50°, and the angle between the seventh plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 90°.

[0048] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 101000, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0039.

[0049] Compare with Example 3: Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 310mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 460mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 610mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed inlet 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The fifth plane makes an angle of 0° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23, the sixth plane makes an angle of 50° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23, and the seventh plane makes an angle of 90° with the central plane of the sintering furnace 23. This position is completely consistent with the present invention. Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 127000, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0027.

[0050] Compare with Example 4: Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 320mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 480mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 640mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The angle between the fifth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 0°, the angle between the sixth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 50°, and the angle between the seventh plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 90°.

[0051] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 118611, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0027.

[0052] Compare with Example 5: Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 330mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 500mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 670mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The angle between the fifth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 0°, the angle between the sixth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 50°, and the angle between the seventh plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 90°.

[0053] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 123000, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0037.

[0054] Compare with Example 6: Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed port positions: Feed ports 1, 7, 11, and 13 are located on a first plane 160mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 1 and 11 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 7 and 13, respectively. Feed ports 2, 5, and 9 are located on a second plane 340mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 5 and 9 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 3, 6, and 10 are located on a third plane 520mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 6 and 10 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally. Feed ports 4, 8, 12, and 14 are located on a fourth plane 700mm from the top surface 28 of the cavity, with feed ports 4 and 12 arranged symmetrically and orthogonally to feed ports 8 and 14, respectively. The fifteenth feed port 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering chamber. The angle between the fifth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 0°, the angle between the sixth plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 50°, and the angle between the seventh plane and the central plane of the sintering furnace 23 is 90°.

[0055] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 97100, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0039.

[0056] Compare with Example 7: This embodiment uses a sintering furnace cavity with parallel feed inlets as a comparative example. Sintering furnace 23 dimensions: 840mm 850mm Feed locations: Feed 1 and Feed 7 are located on the left side of sintering furnace 23; Feed 8 and Feed 14 are located on the right side of sintering furnace 23, symmetrically orthogonally distributed on both sides; Feed 15 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the sintering cavity. Feed 1, Feed 4, Feed 8, and Feed 11 are located on a plane with an angle of 0° to the center plane of sintering furnace 23; Feed 5, Feed 7, Feed 12, and Feed 14 are located on a plane with an angle of 45° to the center plane of sintering furnace 23. Feed 1, Feed 5, Feed 12, and Feed 8 are located on the same plane and are 160mm away from the top surface 28 of the furnace cavity. Feed 2, Feed 6, Feed 9, and Feed 13 are located on the same plane and are 340mm away from the top surface 28 of the furnace cavity. The third feeder 3, the seventh feeder 7, the tenth feeder 10, and the fourteenth feeder 14 are located on the same plane and are 520 mm away from the top surface 28 of the furnace cavity. The fourth feeder 4 and the eleventh feeder 11 are located on the same plane and are 700 mm away from the top surface 28 of the furnace cavity. The eighth feeder 8 and the fourteenth feeder 14 are symmetrically orthogonally distributed with the first feeder 1 and the seventh feeder 7, respectively.

[0057] Heating sample size: 100mm 100mm 30mm Heating sample height: 70mm from the turntable Microwave power: 15KW Operating frequency: 2.45GHz Grid parameters: Maximum cell size 6mm, minimum cell size 0.5mm Under these conditions, the average electric field strength of the sample is 120,000, and the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient (COV) is 0.0037.

[0058] The simulation results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the average electric field strength, average temperature, and average temperature variation coefficient (COV) values ​​for Comparative Examples 1-7. Table 1 shows the average electric field strength, average temperature, and average temperature COV value for Examples 1-7. The high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of the present invention was simulated using the finite element simulation software COMSOL. Simulation analysis was conducted for different cavity dimensions, feed port positions, feed port arrangements, and the height of the sintered samples. Table 1 shows that the feed port arrangement and position significantly affect the electric field strength, sintering temperature, and uniformity of the samples within the microwave sintering cavity. Within the same time frame, the sintering furnace cavity of the present invention (Comparative Example 3) exhibited the highest average electric field strength, the highest average temperature, and the best heating uniformity. The microwave sintering furnace cavity of the present invention can meet the industrial production requirements for high-temperature batch sintering of refractory metal compounds, ceramic materials, and composite materials.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts, comprising a sintering furnace (23), characterized in that: The sintering furnace (23) is divided into a front pre-excitation zone, a middle main heating zone and a rear compensation excitation zone along the axial direction. The feed port assembly includes 15 feed ports, of which four feed ports are located on the front pre-excitation zone, six feed ports are located on the middle main heating zone, and the remaining five feed ports are located on the rear compensation excitation zone. Magnetrons are installed on the feed ports. The supporting component includes a rotary lifting component and a turntable (27). The rotary lifting component is located at the bottom of the sintering furnace (23). One end of the rotary lifting component extends into the sintering furnace (23) and is fixedly connected to the turntable (27). A temperature measuring component is provided on the sintering furnace (23). The temperature measuring component is coaxially arranged with the rotary lifting component. The monitoring device is installed on the sintering furnace (23) to monitor the smoke concentration in the sintering furnace (23) and the changes in the sintered samples in the sintering furnace (23).

2. The high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts with high-temperature uniform batch sintering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed port on the front pre-excitation zone is located on a first plane, and the distance between the first plane and the top surface (28) of the cavity of the sintering furnace (23) is 150mm-200mm. The feed ports on the central main heating zone are located on the second plane and the third plane, respectively. The distance between the second plane and the top surface (28) of the cavity is 280mm-380mm, and the distance between the third plane and the top surface (28) of the cavity is 410mm-560mm. The feed ports on the rear compensation excitation zone are located on the fourth plane, and the distance between the fourth plane and the top surface (28) of the cavity is 540mm-740mm.

3. The high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts with high-temperature uniform batch sintering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four feed ports on the front-end pre-excitation area are the first feed port (1), the eleventh feed port (11), the seventh feed port (7) and the thirteenth feed port (13), which are fixedly connected to the first plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The first feed port (1) and the seventh feed port (7) are symmetrically arranged, and the eleventh feed port (11) and the thirteenth feed port (13) are symmetrically arranged.

4. The high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The six feed ports on the central main heating zone are the second feed port (2), the third feed port (3), the fifth feed port (5), the sixth feed port (6), the ninth feed port (9), and the tenth feed port (10). The second feed port (2), the fifth feed port (5), and the ninth feed port (9) are fixedly connected to the third plane in the circumferential direction, and the third feed port (3), the sixth feed port (6), and the tenth feed port (10) are fixedly connected to the fourth plane in the circumferential direction.

5. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-performance ceramic parts with uniform high-temperature batch sintering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The five feed ports on the rear compensation excitation area are the fourth feed port (4), the twelfth feed port (12), the eighth feed port (8), the fourteenth feed port (14), and the fifteenth feed port (15). The fourth feed port (4), the twelfth feed port (12), the eighth feed port (8), and the fourteenth feed port (14) are fixedly connected to the fourth plane at equal intervals along the circumference. The fourth feed port (4) and the eighth feed port (8) are symmetrically arranged, the twelfth feed port (12) and the fourteenth feed port (14) are symmetrically arranged, and the fifteenth feed port (15) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the sintering furnace (23).

6. The high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating lifting component includes a turntable shaft (25), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the turntable (27), and the turntable shaft (25) slides in contact with the sintering furnace (23).

7. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring device includes an infrared temperature measuring head (18). The outer surface of the sintering furnace (23) is provided with a temperature measuring hole (19) corresponding to the center position of the turntable (27). The infrared temperature measuring head (18) directly measures the temperature of the sample inside the furnace through the temperature measuring hole (19).

8. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring components include a visual sensor (21) and a ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor (20), which are respectively installed on the outer wall of the sintering furnace (23). The sintering furnace (23) is provided with a pressure relief valve (16), an air outlet (17), an observation port (22), and an air inlet (24). The ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor (20) is electrically connected to the valves of the pressure relief valve (16), the air inlet (24), and the air outlet (17).

9. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle between the central axis of the ignition smoke concentration monitoring sensor (20) and the central plane of the sintering furnace (23) is 105°, the angle between the central axis of the pressure relief valve (16) and the central plane of the sintering furnace (23) is 70°, and the angle between the central axis of the vision sensor (21) and the observation port (22) and the central plane of the sintering furnace (23) is 105°.

10. A high-power microwave sintering furnace for high-temperature uniform batch sintering of high-performance ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sintering furnace (23) is cylindrical, with an inner diameter of 800mm-850mm and a depth of 830mm-880mm.

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