Automatic lubrication control system, control method and lubrication cycle calculation method for excavator

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic lubrication control system and method for an excavator and a lubrication cycle calculation method. The automatic lubrication control system comprises a main controller, a lubrication pump, a lubrication pump controller and an electromagnetic valve assembly. The electromagnetic valve assembly comprises action control electromagnetic valves of all structural parts. The switching-on time of the action control electromagnetic valve is the action time of the corresponding lubricating hinge point; and the main controller accumulates and stores the switching-on time of each action control electromagnetic valve, and when the switching-on time is greater than or equal to a lubricating period, the main controller controls the lubricating pump to convey a lubricating medium to the corresponding lubricating hinge point through the lubricating pump controller, so that automatic lubrication is realized. According to the automatic lubricating system, whether the preset lubricating period is reached or not can be dynamically judged according to the actual working load of each lubricating hinge point and the degradation condition of the lubricating grease, so that the lubricating medium is accurately conveyed as required. Excessive consumption of lubricating grease in a traditional fixed-period lubricating mode and part abrasion caused by insufficient lubrication under complex working conditions can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubrication control technology for construction machinery, and in particular to an automatic lubrication control system, control method, and lubrication cycle calculation method for excavators. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, the hinged structure of an excavator's working device involves continuous relative rotational movement between the bushings and pins at each lubrication hinge point. Regular grease replenishment is essential to reduce friction and wear and prevent structural damage. Currently, the industry commonly uses manual lubrication or fixed-cycle semi-automatic lubrication systems for maintenance. Manual lubrication is inefficient, relies on operator experience, and is prone to issues like untimely or excessive lubrication, leading to increased maintenance costs and insufficient reliability. Fixed-cycle lubrication systems, with their uniform lubrication intervals, cannot adapt to the dynamic changes in the excavator's actual working conditions. Because the operating frequencies of various structural components differ significantly under different working conditions—for example, the movement intensity of the boom, stick, and bucket in digging mode is completely different from the vibration load in breaking mode—fixed-cycle lubrication results in significant grease waste under low-load conditions, while insufficient lubrication frequency exacerbates hinge point wear under high-load or complex conditions. Furthermore, the wear rate varies significantly at each lubrication point due to differences in structure and workload, but existing systems lack the ability to independently monitor and control individual hinge points. Variations in ambient temperature and engine operating gear further affect the rate of grease degradation. High temperatures accelerate grease aging, while low temperatures reduce lubrication effectiveness. Higher operating gears increase the frequency of mechanical movement, leading to accelerated wear. However, current technologies fail to integrate these variables for dynamic optimization. Therefore, existing lubrication systems struggle to achieve precise control over each lubrication hinge point. They cannot prevent premature component failure due to insufficient lubrication, nor can they eliminate resource waste caused by excessive lubrication, resulting in overall low maintenance efficiency and insufficient reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic lubrication control system for excavators, which has the advantages of realizing independent monitoring and precise lubrication of each lubrication hinge point, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An automatic lubrication control system for an excavator includes: a main controller, a lubrication pump, a lubrication pump controller, and a solenoid valve assembly; both the lubrication pump controller and the solenoid valve assembly are signal-connected to the main controller; the lubrication pump controller is integrated within the lubrication pump, and the lubrication pump is connected to the lubrication hinges between various structural components on the excavator via lubrication pipelines; the solenoid valve assembly includes motion control solenoid valves for each structural component, and the main controller controls the movement or stopping of the structural components by controlling the opening or closing of the motion control solenoid valves; when a structural component moves, the bushing and pin at one or more corresponding lubrication hinges rotate relative to each other, and the opening time of the motion control solenoid valve is the movement time of the corresponding lubrication hinge; the main controller internally sets the lubrication cycle for each lubrication hinge, and the main controller accumulates and stores the opening time of each motion control solenoid valve. When the opening time is greater than or equal to the lubrication cycle, the main controller controls the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the corresponding lubrication hinge through the lubrication pump controller, thereby achieving automatic lubrication.

[0006] Preferably, the automatic lubrication control system for the excavator further includes an electronic monitor; the electronic monitor is signal-connected to the main controller; the main controller has preset execution programs for multiple working modes, the driver selects the corresponding working mode through the electronic monitor, the electronic monitor sends the mode selection instruction to the main controller, and the main controller automatically calls the corresponding execution program.

[0007] Preferably, the working modes include digging mode and breaking mode. In the digging mode, the movements of the boom, stick, and bucket components of the excavator are involved, and the operator controls them via a handle. The solenoid valves controlling the boom movement are the boom lifting solenoid valve and the boom lowering solenoid valve. During boom movement, its three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point one, lubrication hinge point two, and lubrication hinge point three—rotate simultaneously. The solenoid valves controlling the stick movement are the stick lifting solenoid valve and the stick lowering solenoid valve. During stick movement, its three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point four, lubrication hinge point five, and lubrication hinge point six—rotate simultaneously. The solenoid valve controlling the bucket movement is the bucket outer... During the bucket's movement, the five corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point seven, lubrication hinge point eight, lubrication hinge point nine, lubrication hinge point ten, and lubrication hinge point eleven—rot simultaneously. In the aforementioned breaking mode, the movement of the excavator's breaker hammer is involved, which is controlled by the operator via the breaking foot pedal. The action control solenoid valve corresponding to the breaker hammer's movement is the breaking solenoid valve. During the breaker hammer's movement, the entire excavator vibrates, generating impact loads on lubrication hinge points one through eleven. Therefore, when the breaker hammer moves, lubrication hinge points one through eleven are considered to rotate synchronously, and the on-time of the breaking solenoid valve is accumulated in the independent timing of lubrication hinge points one through eleven.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic lubrication control system for the excavator further includes a throttle knob; the throttle knob is signal-connected to the main controller, and when the driver operates the throttle knob, the throttle knob sends an engine operating gear change signal to the main controller, the main controller sends the engine operating gear change signal to the engine controller, and the engine controller changes the engine operating gear according to the engine operating gear change signal.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic lubrication control system for the excavator further includes an air conditioning system; the air conditioning system includes an air conditioning controller and an outside air temperature sensor, the outside air temperature sensor is signal-connected to the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller is signal-connected to the main controller; the outside air temperature sensor is used to measure the ambient temperature, the outside air temperature sensor inputs the acquired ambient temperature data into the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller sends the ambient temperature data to the main controller.

[0010] This invention also proposes a method for calculating the lubrication cycle of lubrication hinge points, applied to the automatic lubrication control system for excavators described in any of the above embodiments, including the following: Factors influencing the lubrication cycle of each lubrication hinge point include: engine gear, temperature, and operating mode; the lubrication cycle time under standard operating conditions is T. base Based on the engine gear, temperature, and operating mode, the equivalent time T relative to the standard operating condition is calculated. 等效 When the equivalent time T of a certain lubrication hinge point 等效 Reaching T base When the value is [value], its lubrication pipeline will automatically open.

[0011] Preferably, the equivalent time T 等效 The calculation methods include:

[0012] Operating condition coefficient: Let the operating condition coefficient be... Under different working conditions, such as excavation mode and crushing mode, the load on the hinge point and the degree of grease deterioration are different. Therefore, the correction function of the working mode is used. There are two types of functions:

[0013] Corresponding function under excavation conditions , ;

[0014] Corresponding function under crushing conditions : ;

[0015] in For excavation working condition coefficient and ; The crushing condition coefficient and ; The control current output from the main controller to the crushing solenoid valve;

[0016] Temperature coefficient: Let the temperature coefficient be... High temperatures accelerate the deterioration of lubricating grease. The numerical value increases; the effect at low temperatures is limited. The value decreases; The calculation formula is: ;

[0017] The temperature coefficient at room temperature is It changes linearly with ambient temperature; the temperature coefficient at low temperatures is At high temperatures, the temperature coefficient increases exponentially. The growth index coefficient; This is the temperature at which the low temperature coefficient breaks down. This is the temperature at which the high temperature coefficient breaks down.

[0018] Gear coefficient: Let the gear coefficient be... The engine controller obtains gear information; in higher gears, the mechanical movement frequency increases, and the wear rate increases linearly with the gear position; the highest gear corresponds to... Maximum value, minimum gear corresponding Minimum value; The calculation formula is: ;

[0019] in This is the current gear value. This is the gear coefficient when it is in first gear. This is the gear adjustment factor;

[0020] Accumulation calculation is performed using fixed-period sampling, and the following settings are made: Then the excavation working condition The value is the sum of the equivalent time per second, the equivalent time under excavation conditions: ;

[0021] in The value is the cumulative control signal output time of the solenoid valve corresponding to a certain hinge point, expressed as an integer value in seconds.

[0022] Equivalent time under crushing conditions: ;

[0023] in The value is the cumulative time the crushing solenoid valve has been on, expressed as an integer in seconds.

[0024] but ;

[0025] When T 等效 =Tbase At this time, the lubrication system of its hinge point begins to lubricate, the timer is reset to zero, and the next cycle of timing begins.

[0026] The present invention also proposes a control method for an automatic lubrication control system for an excavator, applied to the automatic lubrication control system for an excavator as described in any of the above embodiments, specifically including the following steps:

[0027] S1. During the movement of the excavator's working device, the main controller outputs signals to control the action of the solenoid valve while independently accumulating and storing the action time of each lubrication hinge point.

[0028] S2. When the independent timing of a certain lubrication hinge point reaches the lubrication cycle, the main controller sends an action command to the lubrication pump controller to drive the lubrication pump to add lubricating medium to the lubrication hinge point.

[0029] S3. The main controller controls the lubricating medium injection time of each lubrication hinge point through the lubrication pump controller, thereby controlling the lubricating medium injection amount of each lubrication hinge point.

[0030] S4. After the lubricating medium is added, the main controller resets the working time of the lubrication hinge point to zero and starts accumulating again until the lubrication cycle is reached again.

[0031] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method for the automatic lubrication control system for an excavator described in the above embodiments.

[0032] The present invention also proposes an excavator including the automatic lubrication control system for the excavator as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this application independently accumulates and stores the on-time of the solenoid valves controlling the actions of each structural component of the excavator, and uses this as the actual action time of the corresponding lubrication hinge point. Based on this, the system establishes a dynamic mathematical model of the different effects of working mode, temperature, and gear on the lubrication cycle. Without increasing the cost of electrical components, it dynamically determines whether the preset lubrication cycle has been reached, thereby accurately delivering the lubricating medium as needed. This effectively avoids excessive grease consumption under the traditional fixed-cycle lubrication mode and component wear caused by insufficient lubrication under complex working conditions, achieving reasonable allocation of lubrication resources and reliable operation of the excavator's working device.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication hinge point of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic lubrication control system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication hinge point of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] The following is for reference. Figures 1 to 3 An automatic lubrication control system for an excavator is described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] This application discloses an automatic lubrication control system for excavators. The system aims to achieve precise, on-demand lubrication of various lubrication hinges on the excavator. It includes: a main controller, a lubrication pump, a lubrication pump controller, and a solenoid valve assembly. Both the lubrication pump controller and the solenoid valve assembly are signal-connected to the main controller. The lubrication pump controller is integrated within the lubrication pump, which is connected to the lubrication hinges between various structural components on the excavator via lubrication pipelines. The solenoid valve assembly includes motion control solenoid valves for each structural component. The main controller controls the movement or stopping of structural components by controlling the opening or closing of these solenoid valves. When a structural component moves, the bushing and pin at one or more corresponding lubrication hinges rotate relative to each other. The opening time of the motion control solenoid valve is the movement time of the corresponding lubrication hinge. The main controller internally sets the lubrication cycle for each lubrication hinge. The main controller accumulates and stores the opening time of each motion control solenoid valve. When the opening time is greater than or equal to the lubrication cycle, the main controller controls the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the corresponding lubrication hinge through the lubrication pump controller, achieving automatic lubrication.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main controller, acting as the central processing unit of the system, is responsible for coordinating the operation of various components. The lubrication pump stores and delivers the lubricating medium. The lubrication pump controller drives the lubrication pump. The solenoid valve assembly controls the movement of the excavator's structural components. Both the lubrication pump controller and the solenoid valve assembly are signal-connected to the main controller. The lubrication pump controller is integrated within the lubrication pump. The lubrication pump is connected to the lubrication hinges between various structural components on the excavator via lubrication lines. The solenoid valve assembly includes solenoid valves for controlling the movement of each structural component. The main controller controls the movement of the excavator's structural components by controlling the opening and closing of these solenoid valves. For example, the main controller can send an on signal to the boom lifting solenoid valve based on the operator's command, thereby driving the boom cylinder to extend and lifting the boom. When it is necessary to stop the boom movement, the main controller disconnects the corresponding solenoid valve.

[0043] When a structural component moves, the bushing and pin at one or more corresponding lubrication hinge points will rotate relative to each other. At this time, the energizing time of the motion control solenoid valve is used as the actuation time of the corresponding lubrication hinge point. For example, the main controller can monitor the energizing time of the boom lifting solenoid valve and the boom lowering solenoid valve, and accumulate the energizing time of these two solenoid valves as the actuation time of the relevant lubrication hinge point of the boom.

[0044] The main controller internally sets lubrication cycles for each lubrication hinge. These lubrication cycles can be preset to fixed values, such as setting the same fixed time interval for all hinges, or setting different fixed time intervals for different hinges based on empirical values. The main controller continuously accumulates and stores the on-time of each action control solenoid valve. When the equivalent time of a lubrication hinge reaches the base time value, the main controller controls the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the corresponding lubrication hinge through the lubrication pump controller, thereby achieving automatic lubrication. For example, when the equivalent time of a hinge reaches the preset base time value of the fixed cycle, the main controller triggers the lubrication pump to add grease to the hinge. After lubrication is completed, the timer for that hinge is reset to zero and the accumulation starts again.

[0045] The automatic lubrication control system in this embodiment independently accumulates and stores the on-time of the solenoid valves controlling the actions of each structural component of the excavator, and uses this as the actual action time of the corresponding lubrication hinge. Based on this, the system establishes a dynamic mathematical model of the different effects of operating mode, temperature, and gear position on the lubrication cycle, dynamically determining whether the preset lubrication cycle has been reached, thereby precisely delivering lubricating medium as needed. This effectively avoids excessive grease consumption under traditional fixed-cycle lubrication modes and component wear caused by insufficient lubrication under complex working conditions, achieving rational allocation of lubrication resources and reliable operation of the excavator's working devices.

[0046] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2As shown, the automatic lubrication control system for excavators also includes an electronic monitor; the electronic monitor is connected to the main controller via signal; the main controller has multiple preset execution programs for different working modes, and the operator selects the corresponding working mode through the electronic monitor, which sends the mode selection instruction to the main controller, which then automatically calls the corresponding execution program.

[0047] Specifically, an electronic monitor is a human-machine interface device, typically equipped with display and input functions, used to present information to the user and receive user operation commands. This electronic monitor can be a touchscreen display integrated into the excavator's cab, allowing the operator to select modes via touch; alternatively, it can be a control panel with physical buttons and a display screen, allowing the operator to select modes via button operation. The electronic monitor is signal-connected to the main controller to establish a communication link between the two, ensuring that mode selection commands are reliably transmitted from the electronic monitor to the main controller. The main controller has pre-set execution programs for various operating modes. These programs are pre-written software modules or algorithm sets for different excavator operating scenarios (such as digging, breaking, etc.). Each execution program corresponds to a specific operating mode, defining the working logic and parameters of the lubrication control system in that mode. These execution programs can be stored as independent functions or subroutine modules in the main controller's flash memory and called for execution when needed; alternatively, they can be stored in the form of configuration tables or state machines, with the main controller loading the corresponding configuration parameters or switching to the corresponding state based on the current mode. The operator selects the appropriate operating mode through the electronic monitor, allowing the operator to intuitively choose the most suitable operating mode for the current working conditions based on actual operational needs.

[0048] The electronic monitor sends mode selection instructions to the main controller, aiming to convert the driver's mode selection operation on the electronic monitor into electronic signals or data packets that can be recognized and processed by the main controller. This can be achieved by the electronic monitor converting the mode selection operation into a specific CAN message and sending it to the main controller via the CAN bus; or by the electronic monitor sending predefined instruction codes or data frames to the main controller via a serial port. Ultimately, the main controller automatically invokes the corresponding execution program. That is, after receiving the mode selection instruction, the main controller automatically loads and starts the program module corresponding to the selected mode from its internal preset execution programs, thereby switching the lubrication control system to the new operating state. This can be achieved by the main controller's internal operating system or scheduler finding and executing specific software functions or tasks associated with the received mode instruction; or by the main controller maintaining a mode status register, updating its value when a mode selection instruction is received, and switching to a preset program branch or configuration set based on that value.

[0049] By introducing an electronic monitor as a user interaction device, the above technical solution solves the problem of inconvenient operation mode selection, enabling the driver to operate intuitively and trigger the dynamic response of the main controller. A reliable communication link is established between the electronic monitor and the main controller, ensuring real-time transmission of mode selection commands. The main controller's internal preset execution programs for various operation modes provide dedicated processing logic for lubrication strategies under different operating modes. The driver selects the operation mode through the electronic monitor, achieving convenient human-machine interaction and converting user input into system commands. The main controller automatically calls the corresponding execution program, dynamically adjusting the lubrication control strategy according to the selected mode, thereby improving the adaptability and operational efficiency of the entire automatic lubrication control system. The entire solution, through the integration of the electronic monitor and the command transmission mechanism, enhances the automation of operation mode switching, avoids the delay of manual intervention, and allows the lubrication system to more accurately adapt to the excavator's actual working conditions, optimizing lubrication performance.

[0050] In some embodiments, the working modes include digging mode and breaking mode. In digging mode, the movements of the boom, stick, and bucket components of the excavator are involved, and the operator controls them via a handle. The solenoid valves controlling the boom movement are the boom lifting solenoid valve and the boom lowering solenoid valve. During boom movement, its three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point one, lubrication hinge point two, and lubrication hinge point three—rotate simultaneously. The solenoid valves controlling the stick movement are the stick lifting solenoid valve and the stick lowering solenoid valve. During stick movement, its three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point four, lubrication hinge point five, and lubrication hinge point six—rotate simultaneously. The bucket movement... The motion control solenoid valves are the bucket outward swing solenoid valve and the bucket inward retraction solenoid valve. During the bucket's movement, its five corresponding lubrication hinge points: lubrication hinge point seven, lubrication hinge point eight, lubrication hinge point nine, lubrication hinge point ten, and lubrication hinge point eleven rotate simultaneously. In the breaker mode, the movement of the breaker hammer in the excavator is involved, which is controlled by the operator through the breaker foot pedal. The motion control solenoid valve corresponding to the breaker hammer's movement is the breaker solenoid valve. During the breaker hammer's movement, the entire excavator vibrates, which will generate impact loads on lubrication hinge points one through eleven. Therefore, when the breaker hammer moves, the on-time of the breaker solenoid valve is accumulated in the independent timing of lubrication hinge points one through eleven.

[0051] Specifically, the operating modes include digging mode and breaking mode. These two modes represent the main operating states of the excavator in different work scenarios. By clearly distinguishing and defining them, the main controller can execute different lubrication strategies accordingly. For example, different software modules or state machines can be preset within the main controller to manage these two modes, or mode selection can be provided through a user interface on the electronic monitor, with the selection result transmitted as an input signal to the main controller to activate the corresponding program. This mode division is the foundation for achieving refined lubrication management.

[0052] In excavation mode, the movements of the excavator's boom, stick, and bucket are controlled by the operator via a joystick. The joystick serves as the primary human-machine interface between the operator and the excavator; its output signals are captured and analyzed by the main controller to identify the operator's intentions. This operating method defines the triggering mechanism for the structural component movements in excavation mode, providing a clear signal source for the main controller to accumulate the action time.

[0053] The solenoid valves controlling the boom's movement are the boom lifting solenoid valve and the boom lowering solenoid valve. During boom movement, the three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point one, lubrication hinge point two, and lubrication hinge point three—rotate simultaneously. The main controller, based on the handle signal, drives the boom lifting or lowering solenoid valve, thereby controlling the hydraulic circuit and achieving boom raising and lowering. These solenoid valves are proportional control valves, allowing precise control of the boom's speed and position. When the boom moves, lubrication hinge points one, two, and three, as key connection points of the boom, experience relative rotation between their bushings and pins, thus being considered synchronous movements. Their movement time is uniformly accumulated by the corresponding solenoid valve's on-time.

[0054] The solenoid valves controlling the stick movement are the stick lifting solenoid valve and the stick lowering solenoid valve. During stick movement, the three corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point four, lubrication hinge point five, and lubrication hinge point six—rotate simultaneously. The main controller receives the stick operation signal from the handle and sends control commands to the stick lifting or lowering solenoid valve to adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, driving the stick movement. The response time, flow characteristics, and other parameters of these solenoid valves must be matched with the stick's motion characteristics to ensure smooth and accurate movement. During stick movement, lubrication hinge points four, five, and six also rotate relative to each other, and their action time is accumulated from the corresponding solenoid valve's on-time.

[0055] The solenoid valves controlling the bucket's movement are the bucket swing solenoid valve and the bucket retraction solenoid valve. During bucket movement, their five corresponding lubrication hinge points—lubrication hinge point seven, eight, nine, ten, and eleven—rot simultaneously. The main controller, based on the bucket operation signal from the handle, controls the on / off state or opening degree of the bucket swing or retraction solenoid valve, thereby driving the bucket hydraulic cylinder to achieve the swing or retraction action. These solenoid valves are typically used in conjunction with relief valves and check valves in the hydraulic circuit to ensure the stability and safety of the bucket's movement. During bucket movement, lubrication hinge points seven, eight, nine, ten, and eleven are critical connection points for the bucket, and their movement time is cumulatively calculated from the on-time of their corresponding solenoid valves.

[0056] In crushing mode, the movement of the excavator's breaker hammer is controlled by the operator via a crushing foot pedal. This foot pedal can be a pedal equipped with a pressure sensor or switch, generating an electrical signal when the operator depresses it and transmitting it to the main controller. Alternatively, the foot pedal can be a mechanical linkage device that triggers the electrical signal through mechanical displacement. This method of operation differs from the lever control in digging mode, providing the main controller with an independent input signal for recognizing crushing operations.

[0057] The solenoid valve controlling the hydraulic breaker's action is a breaker solenoid valve. During the breaker's operation, the excavator vibrates, causing impact loads on lubrication hinge points one through eleven. Therefore, the on-time of the breaker solenoid valve is accumulated in the independent timers for lubrication hinge points one through eleven. After receiving the breaker foot pedal signal, the main controller controls the output current of the breaker proportional valve, activating the breaker solenoid valve and driving the breaker. The breaker solenoid valve is typically a high-flow, high-pressure solenoid valve to meet the breaker's power requirements. Because the severe vibrations generated during breaker operations cause impact loads on all lubrication hinge points of the excavator, accelerating grease deterioration, lubrication is required even if these hinge points do not have direct rotational movement. Therefore, the software logic module inside the main controller is responsible for synchronously accumulating the on-time of the breaker solenoid valve into the independent timers for all lubrication hinge points one through eleven during breaker operation. This ensures that the grease deterioration of all hinge points is accurately assessed and included in the lubrication cycle calculation under breaker conditions.

[0058] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of inaccurate lubrication timing caused by vibration affecting all hinge points in the breaking mode by defining in detail the operation methods, corresponding motion control solenoid valves, and mapping and processing rules for lubrication hinge points in excavation and breaking modes. In excavation mode, the association between the actions of structural components such as the boom, stick, and bucket and specific lubrication hinge point groups is clarified, and their action times are precisely bound to the on-time of the corresponding solenoid valves, ensuring that each hinge point is accurately accumulated in actual working time. Especially in breaking mode, this application identifies the impact load caused by the global vibration generated when the breaker hammer operates on all lubrication hinge points, and uniformly accumulates the on-time of the breaking solenoid valves into the independent timing of all lubrication hinge points. This processing method compensates for the additional grease wear caused by vibration, avoids the problem of ignoring lubrication due to the lack of direct action in breaking conditions, and thus significantly improves the accuracy of lubrication cycle calculation. Ultimately, this allows the lubrication system to effectively distribute lubrication to each lubrication hinge point according to actual working conditions, avoiding increased component wear caused by insufficient lubrication, and also reducing excessive grease filling and waste.

[0059] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 As shown, an automatic lubrication control system for an excavator is characterized by further including a throttle knob; the throttle knob is signal-connected to the main controller, and when the operator operates the throttle knob, the throttle knob sends an engine operating gear change signal to the main controller, the main controller sends the engine operating gear change signal to the engine controller, and the engine controller changes the engine operating gear according to the engine operating gear change signal.

[0060] Specifically, the throttle knob is a device used by the driver to input the engine's operating gear command. It can be mechanically designed to directly or indirectly control the engine's throttle opening via a physical connection; or electronically designed to convert the knob's position into an electrical signal using a potentiometer, encoder, or Hall sensor. A signal connection is established between the throttle knob and the main controller to ensure that the driver's operating commands are accurately transmitted to the main controller.

[0061] When the driver operates the throttle knob, it sends an engine gear change signal to the main controller. Upon receiving this signal, the main controller forwards it to the engine controller. The engine controller, upon receiving the signal, adjusts the engine's operating parameters accordingly. Specifically, it adjusts key parameters such as fuel injection quantity, ignition timing, and intake air volume to ensure the engine achieves the output power and speed corresponding to the selected gear, thus realizing the actual change in engine gear.

[0062] By introducing a throttle knob and establishing a signal connection between it and the main controller and engine controller, this application effectively solves the problem of untimely or inaccurate engine gear position information acquisition. When the driver operates the throttle knob, their intention is immediately converted into an engine gear position change signal and sent to the main controller in real time. The main controller, as the core coordination unit, not only receives this signal but also accurately forwards it to the engine controller, prompting the engine controller to adjust the engine gear position promptly. This mechanism ensures that the main controller can continuously acquire accurate and real-time engine gear position data. Given that engine gear is one of the key factors affecting lubrication cycle calculation in the aforementioned automatic lubrication control system, real-time and accurate gear position information allows the main controller to more accurately calculate the equivalent time of each lubrication hinge point and dynamically adjust its lubrication cycle. Therefore, this solution ensures that the lubrication strategy is highly matched with the excavator's actual working state (especially engine load and speed), avoiding insufficient or excessive lubrication due to delayed or missing gear position information. This significantly improves the accuracy and effectiveness of lubrication, extends the service life of key excavator components, and reduces the waste of lubricating medium.

[0063] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 As shown, an automatic lubrication control system for an excavator is characterized by further including an air conditioning system; the air conditioning system includes an air conditioning controller and an outside air temperature sensor, the outside air temperature sensor is signal-connected to the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller is signal-connected to the main controller; the outside air temperature sensor is used to measure the ambient temperature, the outside air temperature sensor inputs the acquired ambient temperature data into the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller sends the ambient temperature data to the main controller.

[0064] The air conditioning system includes an air conditioning controller and an outside air temperature sensor. The air conditioning controller is the core control unit of the air conditioning system, responsible for managing its operation and processing sensor data. It can be implemented using an embedded system based on a microcontroller (MCU), controlling actuators such as compressors, fans, and valves through preset programs, and receiving and processing sensor signals; or it can use a programmable logic controller (PLC) to implement complex logic control through programming, possessing strong anti-interference capabilities. The outside air temperature sensor is a device used to measure the ambient temperature outside the excavator. It can use a thermistor (NTC or PTC), calculating the temperature by measuring the resistance value; or it can use a thermocouple, utilizing the Seebeck effect to generate an electromotive force related to the temperature difference to measure the temperature.

[0065] An outside air temperature sensor is connected to the air conditioning controller to ensure that the temperature signal measured by the sensor can be accurately and in real time transmitted to the air conditioning controller for preliminary processing. The air conditioning controller is connected to the main controller to establish a communication link between the air conditioning system and the core of the automatic lubrication control system, enabling the main controller to acquire ambient temperature data.

[0066] An outside air temperature sensor measures ambient temperature and is typically installed on the exterior of the excavator in a location unaffected by engine heat, such as the top or side of the cab. It continuously collects ambient air temperature data, providing raw input for subsequent temperature data processing. The outside air temperature sensor inputs the acquired ambient temperature data into the air conditioning controller, ensuring that the raw temperature data can be received and initially processed by the air conditioning controller. The air conditioning controller then sends the ambient temperature data to the main controller, which receives and may have preliminarily processed the data for lubrication cycle calculations. Finally, the air conditioning controller sends the ambient temperature data to the main controller, which receives and acquires the temperature information.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, the automatic lubrication control system of this application can measure the ambient temperature of the excavator in real time using an external air temperature sensor. The air conditioning controller receives and processes this temperature data, and then sends it to the main controller. Based on the acquired ambient temperature data, the main controller can dynamically adjust the lubrication cycle of each lubrication hinge. For example, in a high-temperature environment, the grease deteriorates faster, and the main controller can shorten the lubrication cycle to increase the lubrication frequency; while in a low-temperature environment, the grease fluidity decreases, and the main controller can adjust the lubrication strategy accordingly. This mechanism allows the lubrication cycle to more accurately reflect the degree of grease deterioration under actual working conditions, avoiding insufficient or excessive lubrication due to temperature changes, thereby effectively reducing grease waste and extending the service life of excavator structural components.

[0068] This invention also proposes a method for calculating the lubrication cycle of a lubrication hinge point, applied to the automatic lubrication control system for excavators described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following:

[0069] Factors affecting the lubrication cycle of each lubrication hinge point include: engine gear, temperature, and operating mode; the standard operating condition lubrication cycle time is T. base Based on the engine gear, temperature, and operating mode, the equivalent time T relative to the standard operating condition is calculated. 等效 When the equivalent time T of a certain lubrication hinge point 等效 Reaching T base When the value is [value], its lubrication pipeline will automatically open.

[0070] Specifically, the lubrication cycle of lubrication hinges is influenced by a combination of factors. Engine gear directly reflects the excavator's workload and the operating frequency of its mechanical components. Higher gears typically mean higher engine speeds and greater power output, leading to faster wear on lubrication hinges and thus accelerating grease deterioration. The main controller can obtain the current engine gear information by communicating with the engine controller or by sensing gear changes via the throttle knob. Temperature factors encompass both ambient and operating temperatures, significantly impacting grease performance and lifespan. High temperatures accelerate grease oxidation and evaporation, reducing its lubrication performance and shortening the lubrication cycle; low temperatures may increase grease viscosity and reduce fluidity, affecting lubrication effectiveness. The main controller can obtain ambient temperature data via an external air temperature sensor or the operating temperature of key components via other built-in temperature sensors. Furthermore, the operating mode is also a crucial factor; under different operating modes, the loads, impacts, and movement frequencies experienced by each lubrication hinge differ significantly. For example, in excavation mode, the boom, stick, and bucket operate frequently and are subjected to heavy loads; while in breaker mode, the severe vibration of the breaker hammer generates impact loads on all hinge points. The main controller can receive the operator's selected working mode command via an electronic monitor, or determine the current working mode by analyzing the operating status of the solenoid valve assembly.

[0071] Lubrication cycle time T under standard operating conditions base This represents the baseline lubrication cycle time required for a specific lubrication hinge point under preset standard operating conditions (e.g., specific engine gear, ambient temperature, and operating mode). This value can be determined through extensive experimental data, rules of thumb, or manufacturer recommendations, serving as a reference for subsequent dynamic adjustments. Based on this, the equivalent time T... 等效 The calculation aims to convert the degree of grease degradation under actual working conditions into an equivalent time under standard operating conditions. This calculation method can dynamically reflect the comprehensive impact of actual operating conditions on lubrication requirements. Specifically, the main controller can use real-time acquired engine gear, temperature, and operating mode data, combined with preset correction coefficients (such as gear coefficient, temperature coefficient, and operating condition coefficient), to weight the actual action time of the lubrication hinge point, thereby obtaining the equivalent time. For example, under severe operating conditions, the correction coefficient will "amplify" the actual action time, thus reaching the equivalent time more quickly. When the equivalent time T of a certain lubrication hinge point is... 等效 Reaching T base When the value is set, the main controller will immediately send a command to the lubrication pump controller to drive the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the specific lubrication hinge point, thereby automatically opening its lubrication pipeline.

[0072] Through the above technical solution, this application proposes a method for dynamically adjusting the lubrication cycle of lubrication hinge points, effectively solving the problem that traditional fixed-cycle lubrication cannot adapt to the complex and variable working conditions of excavators. The main controller can acquire key operating parameters such as engine gear, ambient temperature, and working mode in real time, and dynamically calculate the equivalent time of each lubrication hinge point based on these parameters. When the accumulated equivalent time reaches the reference lubrication cycle T under standard working conditions... base When the lubrication cycle is reached, the system will precisely trigger the lubrication operation. This dynamic calculation mechanism means that the lubrication cycle is no longer a static preset value, but can be adaptively adjusted according to the severity of the actual working conditions. For example, when the engine is running at a high speed, the ambient temperature is high, or in a high-load crushing mode, the deterioration rate of the grease will be accelerated, and the equivalent time will accumulate more quickly, thereby shortening the actual lubrication interval and ensuring timely replenishment of lubrication when wear intensifies. Conversely, under low-load, low-gear, or suitable temperature conditions, the accumulation rate of the equivalent time is slower, extending the lubrication interval and avoiding excessive consumption of grease. Combined with the above-mentioned automatic lubrication control system for excavators, components such as electronic monitors, throttle knobs, and external air temperature sensors provide real-time and accurate working condition data input to the main controller, giving the calculation of the lubrication cycle a solid data foundation. In this way, this application can achieve precise "on-demand" lubrication for each lubrication hinge point, significantly reducing grease waste, while effectively avoiding premature wear of components due to insufficient lubrication, thereby extending the service life of the excavator, reducing maintenance costs, and improving the reliability and economy of the equipment.

[0073] In some embodiments, the equivalent time T 等效 The calculation methods include:

[0074] Operating condition coefficient: Let the operating condition coefficient be... Under different working conditions, such as excavation mode and crushing mode, the load on the hinge point and the degree of grease deterioration are different. Therefore, the correction function of the working mode is used. There are two types of functions:

[0075] Corresponding function under excavation conditions , ;

[0076] Corresponding function under crushing conditions : ;

[0077] in For excavation working condition coefficient and ; The crushing condition coefficient and ; The control current output from the main controller to the crushing solenoid valve;

[0078] Temperature coefficient: Let the temperature coefficient be... High temperatures accelerate the deterioration of lubricating grease. The numerical value increases; the effect at low temperatures is limited. The value decreases; The calculation formula is: ;

[0079] The temperature coefficient at room temperature is It changes linearly with ambient temperature; the temperature coefficient at low temperatures is At high temperatures, the temperature coefficient increases exponentially. The growth index coefficient; This is the temperature at which the low temperature coefficient breaks down. This is the temperature at which the high temperature coefficient breaks down.

[0080] Gear coefficient: Let the gear coefficient be... The engine controller obtains gear information; in higher gears, the mechanical movement frequency increases, and the wear rate increases linearly with the gear position; the highest gear corresponds to... Maximum value, minimum gear corresponding Minimum value; The calculation formula is: ;

[0081] in This is the current gear value. This is the gear coefficient when it is in first gear. This is the gear adjustment factor;

[0082] Accumulation calculation is performed using fixed-period sampling, and the following settings are made: Then the excavation working condition The value is the sum of the equivalent time per second, the equivalent time under excavation conditions: ;

[0083] in The value is the cumulative control signal output time of the solenoid valve corresponding to a certain hinge point, expressed as an integer value in seconds.

[0084] Equivalent time under crushing conditions: ;

[0085] in The value is the cumulative time the crushing solenoid valve has been on, expressed as an integer in seconds.

[0086] but ;

[0087] When T 等效 =T base At this time, the lubrication system of its hinge point begins to lubricate, the timer is reset to zero, and the next cycle of timing begins.

[0088] In this embodiment, the equivalent time T 等效 The calculation method aims to achieve precise dynamic adjustment of the lubrication cycle at each lubrication hinge point by quantifying the impact of various dynamic factors on the degree of grease deterioration during the actual operation of the excavator. This method introduces a series of correction coefficients to convert actual working time into equivalent wear time, thus more accurately reflecting lubrication requirements.

[0089] Operating condition coefficient This is used to characterize the load conditions and grease degradation rates experienced by the lubricated hinge points under different operating modes. For example, the wear effects on the hinge points differ significantly between digging and breaking modes. The corresponding function under digging conditions... Apply coefficients when there is movement at the hinge point. The corresponding function under crushing conditions The control current output from the main controller to the crushing solenoid valve When the coefficient is greater than 0, the coefficient is applied. .in, and It is a preset empirical coefficient. This indicates that wear will occur during the movement of the hinge point under excavation conditions. This indicates that the impact and vibration on the hinge point under crushing conditions accelerate grease deterioration, and are generally more severe than under digging conditions. By distinguishing between these two conditions, the wear level of the hinge point under different operating environments can be assessed more accurately.

[0090] Temperature coefficient This coefficient reflects the effect of ambient temperature on the rate of grease degradation. Grease performance is significantly affected by temperature; high temperatures accelerate oxidation and decomposition, while low temperatures may reduce its fluidity and limit its lubrication effect. This coefficient is defined using a piecewise function: when the ambient temperature... Temperature below the low temperature coefficient threshold When, use the minimum value. This indicates that lubrication is limited at low temperatures; when the temperature is between Temperature at the boundary between high temperature coefficient and high temperature coefficient When the interval is between, use a linear function. Make corrections, among which This is the temperature coefficient at room temperature. This is a linear correction factor; when the temperature is higher than... When using an exponential function Make corrections, among which The growth exponential coefficient is used to simulate the rapid increase in the rate of grease degradation at high temperatures. This piecewise function can comprehensively and precisely capture the nonlinear effect of temperature on grease performance.

[0091] Gear coefficient This coefficient reflects the impact of engine gear selection on mechanical motion frequency and wear rate. Generally, the higher the engine gear, the greater the excavator's workload and the higher the mechanical motion frequency, thus leading to a faster wear rate at the lubrication points. This coefficient is expressed as a linear function. Perform calculations, where This is the current gear value. This is the gear ratio when it's in first gear. This is the gear shift correction factor. In this way, changes in engine gear can be directly linked to the rate of grease deterioration, ensuring that increased wear at higher gears is adequately compensated.

[0092] To achieve the cumulative calculation of equivalent time, this application adopts a fixed-period sampling method, setting a sampling time interval. The value is 1 second. This means that the main controller will acquire the current operating mode, ambient temperature, and engine gear information in real time, on a per-second basis, and adjust the data according to the aforementioned operating condition coefficients. Temperature coefficient and gear ratio Calculate the equivalent wear within that second.

[0093] Specifically, the equivalent time under excavation conditions This is obtained by accumulating the hinge point action times in the excavation mode. Among them, The value is the cumulative output time of the control signal of the solenoid valve corresponding to a certain hinge point, expressed as an integer value in seconds, accumulated by the main controller. Within each sampling period, if the hinge point moves, then... Accumulated to middle.

[0094] Equivalent time under crushing conditions This is obtained by accumulating the conduction time of the crushing solenoid valve. Among them, The value is the cumulative on-time of the crushing solenoid valve by the main controller, expressed as an integer value in seconds. Within each sampling period, if the crushing solenoid valve is on, then... Accumulated to middle.

[0095] Ultimately, the total equivalent time T 等效 It is the equivalent time under excavation conditions. Equivalent time under crushing conditions The sum of . When T of a certain lubrication hinge point. 等效 The preset standard operating condition lubrication cycle time T base During this time, the main controller will control the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the hinge point through the lubrication pump controller, completing the lubrication operation. After lubrication is completed, the timer at the hinge point will be reset to zero, and the equivalent time accumulation for the next cycle will begin again.

[0096] Through the above technical solution, this application can accurately calculate the equivalent wear time of each lubrication hinge point in real time based on various dynamic factors such as the excavator's actual operating mode, ambient temperature, and engine gear. This method of dynamically adjusting the lubrication cycle avoids the problems of insufficient lubrication or grease waste that may occur with traditional fixed-cycle lubrication. For example, under heavy load, high temperature, or high gear conditions, the lubrication cycle will be shortened accordingly to ensure timely replenishment of grease and effectively reduce wear on bushings and pins; while under light load, low temperature, or low gear conditions, the lubrication cycle will be appropriately extended to save grease. This method, by quantitatively modeling the key factors affecting the lubrication cycle, achieves effective lubrication allocation to each lubrication hinge point on demand, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of lubrication, extending the service life of key excavator components, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0097] The present invention also proposes a control method for an automatic lubrication control system for an excavator, applied to the automatic lubrication control system for an excavator as described in any of the above embodiments, specifically including the following steps:

[0098] S1. During the movement of the excavator's working device, the main controller outputs signals to control the action of the solenoid valve while independently accumulating and storing the action time of each lubrication hinge point.

[0099] S2. When the independent timing of a certain lubrication hinge point reaches the lubrication cycle, the main controller sends an action command to the lubrication pump controller to drive the lubrication pump to add lubricating medium to the lubrication hinge point.

[0100] S3. The main controller controls the lubricating medium injection time of each lubrication hinge point through the lubrication pump controller, thereby controlling the lubricating medium injection amount of each lubrication hinge point.

[0101] S4. After the lubricating medium is added, the main controller resets the working time of the lubrication hinge point to zero and starts accumulating again until the lubrication cycle is reached again.

[0102] Step S1 specifically includes: During the movement of the excavator's working device, the main controller continuously monitors and outputs signals to control the corresponding motion control solenoid valves, such as the boom lifting solenoid valve, stick lifting solenoid valve, bucket swing solenoid valve, or breaker solenoid valve. During this process, the main controller simultaneously and independently accumulates the action time of each lubrication hinge point associated with these motion control solenoid valves. For example, the main controller can determine the action of the corresponding structural component based on the activation signal of the motion control solenoid valve and accumulate this time into the independent timer of the lubrication hinge point associated with the action of that structural component. Alternatively, the main controller can receive data on the action status and duration of structural components from other controllers within the excavator (such as the hydraulic controller) via the CAN bus and accumulate the action time of each lubrication hinge point accordingly. This accumulated action time data is stored in the main controller's internal memory for subsequent lubrication decisions.

[0103] Step S2 specifically includes: the main controller internally presets and dynamically updates the lubrication cycle for each lubrication hinge. This lubrication cycle is not a fixed value, but is dynamically adjusted according to factors such as the excavator's working mode, engine gear, and ambient temperature, using a specific calculation method (such as the equivalent time T calculation method mentioned above). The main controller continuously monitors the independent cumulative time of each lubrication hinge. Once the independent time (or equivalent time) of a lubrication hinge reaches or exceeds its currently set lubrication cycle, the main controller immediately generates and sends a specific action command to the lubrication pump controller. Upon receiving this command, the lubrication pump controller drives the lubrication pump to start and delivers lubricating medium to the corresponding lubrication hinge through the lubrication pipeline.

[0104] Step S3 specifically includes: Considering that the size, stress conditions, and wear levels of various lubrication hinges on the excavator may differ, the required lubrication medium injection amount should also vary. The main controller converts the required lubrication medium injection amount for each lubrication hinge point, either preset or dynamically calculated, into a corresponding injection duration, and includes this duration information in the instruction sent to the lubrication pump controller. Upon receiving the instruction, the lubrication pump controller precisely controls the lubrication pump to operate continuously for the corresponding duration to ensure that the predetermined amount of lubrication medium is delivered to that lubrication hinge point. Alternatively, the lubrication pump controller can also integrate a flow sensor. The main controller sends the target injection amount to the lubrication pump controller, and the lubrication pump controller adjusts the lubrication pump's operating status in real time based on the flow sensor feedback until the target injection amount is achieved.

[0105] Step S4 specifically includes: After the lubrication pump controller completes the lubrication medium filling of the designated lubrication hinge point, the lubrication pump controller sends a filling completion signal to the main controller. Upon receiving this signal, the main controller immediately resets the independent timer for the corresponding lubrication hinge point to zero. This is intended to eliminate the accumulated time within the current lubrication cycle, providing an accurate starting point for the next lubrication cycle at that hinge point, thereby avoiding the accumulation of timing errors and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent lubrication cycles.

[0106] Through the above technical solution, during the movement of the excavator's working device, the main controller can independently and in real time accumulate and store the action time of each lubrication hinge point, providing a data foundation for precise lubrication. When the independent timer of a certain lubrication hinge point reaches its dynamically adjusted lubrication cycle, the main controller promptly drives the lubrication pump to lubricate, effectively avoiding component wear caused by lubrication delays. Simultaneously, by controlling the duration of lubrication medium addition, precise control of the amount of lubrication medium added to each lubrication hinge point is achieved, avoiding insufficient or excessive lubrication. After lubrication is completed, the timer is promptly reset and re-accumulated, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the lubrication cycle. This solves the problems of inaccurate lubrication cycle execution, inaccurate addition volume control, and untimely timer reset, significantly improving the intelligence and efficiency of the excavator's automatic lubrication system.

[0107] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction thereon, characterized in that the computer program / instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method for the automatic lubrication control system for excavators described in the above embodiments.

[0108] The present invention also proposes an excavator including the automatic lubrication control system for the excavator as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] Other configurations and operations of the automatic lubrication control system, control method, and lubrication cycle calculation method for excavators according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0110] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0111] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic lubrication control system for excavators, characterized in that, include: Main controller, lubrication pump, lubrication pump controller and solenoid valve assembly; Both the lubrication pump controller and the solenoid valve assembly are signal-connected to the main controller. The lubrication pump controller is integrated into the lubrication pump, and the lubrication pump is connected to the lubrication hinge points between various structural components on the excavator working device through lubrication pipelines. The solenoid valve assembly includes solenoid valves for controlling the movement of various structural components. The main controller controls the movement or stopping of the structural components by controlling the opening or closing of the solenoid valves. When a structural component moves, the bushing and pin at one or more corresponding lubrication hinge points rotate relative to each other. The opening time of the solenoid valve for controlling the movement is the movement time of the corresponding lubrication hinge point. The main controller is internally configured with the lubrication cycle of each lubrication hinge point. The main controller accumulates and stores the on-time of each action control solenoid valve. When the on-time is greater than or equal to the lubrication cycle, the main controller controls the lubrication pump to deliver lubricating medium to the corresponding lubrication hinge point through the lubrication pump controller, thereby achieving automatic lubrication.

2. The automatic lubrication control system for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes electronic monitors; The electronic monitor is signal-connected to the main controller; The main controller has pre-set execution programs for multiple working modes. The driver selects the corresponding working mode through the electronic monitor, and the electronic monitor sends the mode selection instruction to the main controller, which then automatically calls the corresponding execution program.

3. The automatic lubrication control system for excavators according to claim 2, characterized in that, The working modes include excavation mode and crushing mode; In the excavation mode, the movement of the three structural components of the excavator's working device—the boom, stick, and bucket—is controlled by the operator via a handle. The solenoid valves corresponding to the boom movement are the boom lifting solenoid valve and the boom lowering solenoid valve. During the boom movement, the three corresponding lubrication hinge points: lubrication hinge point one, lubrication hinge point two, and lubrication hinge point three rotate simultaneously. The solenoid valves corresponding to the stick movement are the stick lifting solenoid valve and the stick lowering solenoid valve. During the stick movement, the three corresponding lubrication hinge points: lubrication hinge point four, lubrication hinge point five, and lubrication hinge point six rotate simultaneously. The solenoid valves controlling the bucket movement are the bucket outward swing solenoid valve and the bucket inward retraction solenoid valve. During the bucket movement, the five corresponding lubrication hinge points: lubrication hinge point seven, lubrication hinge point eight, lubrication hinge point nine, lubrication hinge point ten, and lubrication hinge point eleven rotate simultaneously. In the aforementioned crushing mode, the movement of the breaker hammer in the excavator is involved, and the operator controls it via the crushing foot pedal; The solenoid valve controlling the action of the hydraulic breaker is the breaker solenoid valve. During the operation of the hydraulic breaker, the excavator vibrates as a whole, which will generate impact loads on lubrication hinge points one to eleven. Therefore, when the hydraulic breaker is in operation, lubrication hinge points one to eleven are considered to rotate synchronously, and the on-time of the breaker solenoid valve is accumulated in the independent timing of lubrication hinge points one to eleven.

4. The automatic lubrication control system for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the throttle knob; The throttle knob is connected to the main controller via a signal. When the driver operates the throttle knob, the throttle knob sends an engine gear change signal to the main controller. The main controller then sends the engine gear change signal to the engine controller, which changes the engine gear according to the engine gear change signal.

5. The automatic lubrication control system for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, This also includes the air conditioning system; The air conditioning system includes an air conditioning controller and an outside air temperature sensor. The outside air temperature sensor is signal-connected to the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller is signal-connected to the main controller. The outside air temperature sensor is used to measure the ambient temperature. The outside air temperature sensor inputs the acquired ambient temperature data into the air conditioning controller, and the air conditioning controller sends the ambient temperature data to the main controller.

6. A method for calculating the lubrication cycle of a lubrication hinge, characterized in that, An automatic lubrication control system for an excavator, applied according to any one of claims 1-5, comprises the following: Factors affecting the lubrication cycle of each lubrication hinge point include: engine gear, temperature, and operating mode. The lubrication cycle time under standard operating conditions is T. base Based on the engine gear, temperature, and operating mode, the equivalent time T relative to the standard operating condition is calculated. 等效 , When the equivalent time T of a certain lubrication hinge point 等效 Reaching T base When the value is [value], its lubrication pipeline will automatically open.

7. The method for calculating the lubrication cycle of a lubrication hinge point according to claim 6, characterized in that, Equivalent time T 等效 The calculation methods include: Operating condition coefficient: Let the operating condition coefficient be... Under different working conditions, such as excavation mode and crushing mode, the load on the hinge point and the degree of grease deterioration are different. Therefore, the correction function of the working mode is used. There are two types of functions: Corresponding function under excavation conditions , ; Corresponding function under crushing conditions : ; in For excavation working condition coefficient and ; The crushing condition coefficient and ; The control current output from the main controller to the crushing solenoid valve; Temperature coefficient: Let the temperature coefficient be... High temperatures accelerate the deterioration of lubricating grease. The numerical value increases; the effect at low temperatures is limited. The value decreases; The calculation formula is: ; The temperature coefficient at room temperature is It changes linearly with ambient temperature; the temperature coefficient at low temperatures is At high temperatures, the temperature coefficient increases exponentially. The growth index coefficient; This is the temperature at which the low temperature coefficient breaks down. This is the temperature at which the high temperature coefficient breaks down. Gear coefficient: Let the gear coefficient be... The engine controller obtains gear information; in higher gears, the mechanical movement frequency increases, and the wear rate increases linearly with the gear position; the highest gear corresponds to... Maximum value, minimum gear corresponding Minimum value; The calculation formula is: ; in This is the current gear value. This is the gear coefficient when it is in first gear. This is the gear adjustment factor; Accumulation calculation is performed using fixed-period sampling, and the following settings are made: Then the excavation working condition The value is the sum of the equivalent time per second, the equivalent time under excavation conditions: ; in The value is the cumulative control signal output time of the solenoid valve corresponding to a certain hinge point, expressed as an integer value in seconds. Equivalent time under crushing conditions: ; in The value is the cumulative time the crushing solenoid valve has been on, expressed as an integer in seconds. but ; When T 等效 =T base At this time, the lubrication system of its hinge point begins to lubricate, the timer is reset to zero, and the next cycle of timing begins.

8. A control method for an automatic lubrication control system for an excavator, characterized in that, The automatic lubrication control system for excavators, applied to any one of claims 1-5, specifically includes the following steps: S1. During the movement of the excavator's working device, the main controller outputs signals to control the action of the solenoid valve while independently accumulating and storing the action time of each lubrication hinge point. S2. When the independent timing of a certain lubrication hinge point reaches the lubrication cycle, the main controller sends an action command to the lubrication pump controller to drive the lubrication pump to add lubricating medium to the lubrication hinge point. S3. The main controller controls the lubricating medium injection time of each lubrication hinge point through the lubrication pump controller, thereby controlling the lubricating medium injection amount of each lubrication hinge point. S4. After the lubricating medium is added, the main controller resets the working time of the lubrication hinge point to zero and starts accumulating again until the lubrication cycle is reached again.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the control method for the automatic lubrication control system for an excavator as described in claim 8.

10. An excavator, characterized in that, The automatic lubrication control system for excavators includes any one of claims 1-5.

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