Steel plate and joist system adapted to free-form surfaces

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building curtain wall, and particularly relates to a steel plate ribbed keel system suitable for free curved surface, which comprises: a main steel plate fixed to a building main structure; a plurality of adapters fixed to the main steel plate; a main keel comprising a plurality of first arc-shaped steel plates arranged at intervals, the first arc-shaped steel plates being fixed after horizontal installation position adjustment through first waist holes formed in the adapters; and a secondary keel comprising a plurality of second arc-shaped steel plates arranged at intervals, each second arc-shaped steel plate being connected with a corresponding first arc-shaped steel plate through a steel angle bracket and being subjected to secondary adjustment of the horizontal installation position through a second waist hole formed in the steel angle bracket, wherein a long hole guide structure is formed in the second waist hole of the steel angle bracket. The application can realize efficient installation of free curved surface modeling and has three-dimensional spatial position adjustment capability, thereby ensuring the forming quality and visual effect of the curtain wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building curtain wall technology, specifically relating to a steel plate rib keel system adapted to free-form surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, architects are increasingly using complex shapes such as free-form surfaces and hyperbolic irregular shapes as building facades in pursuit of unique visual effects and landmark status. To achieve these complex curved shapes, steel structures or steel ribs are usually used as supporting frameworks, and then metal panels (such as aluminum panels) are installed on them.

[0003] Currently, there are two main traditional methods for constructing curved curtain wall keels: one is to lay out the model on site and process straight steel pipes or plates into the required arc shape by fire-roasting or cold bending; the other is to divide the curved surface into multiple small flat plates and adjust the installation angle to fit the curved surface.

[0004] However, existing technologies have the following problems:

[0005] On-site bending and machining precision is difficult to control, easily resulting in springback and deformation. This leads to significant deviations between the machined keel and the design model, directly affecting the smoothness and appearance of the final curtain wall's curved surface. Furthermore, on-site machining is inefficient, wasting labor and time. Using flat plate fitting methods cannot achieve truly continuous curved surfaces; in areas with large curvature changes, noticeable broken lines appear, resulting in poor visual appeal. In addition, existing connection nodes are mostly welded, which not only increases construction difficulty but also makes adjustments impossible once installed. For free-form surfaces, which require extremely high installation precision, the construction risk is extremely high; even slight deviations can lead to panel installation failure or surface deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a steel plate rib keel system that adapts to free-form surfaces, enabling efficient installation of free-form surface shapes and providing three-dimensional spatial position adjustment capabilities, thus ensuring the forming quality and visual effect of the curtain wall.

[0007] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A steel plate rib keel system adapted to free-form surfaces, comprising: The main steel plate is fixed to the main building structure. Multiple adapters are fixed to the main steel plate; The main keel includes multiple spaced first arc-shaped steel plates, which are fixed after horizontal installation position adjustment through first waist holes opened on the adapter. The secondary keel includes multiple spaced second arc-shaped steel plates. Each second arc-shaped steel plate is connected to the corresponding first arc-shaped steel plate through a steel angle bracket, and the horizontal installation position is adjusted secondaryly through the second waist hole opened on the steel angle bracket. The elongated hole guide structure of the second waist hole opened on the steel angle bracket is used to adjust the installation position of the second arc-shaped steel plate in the horizontal direction. The horizontal position of each connecting node is independently adjusted through the second waist hole to align the keel system with the geometric features of the freeform surface; The adjustment gap reserved in the second waist hole is used to adjust the component size or hole position deviation; An aluminum panel is installed on the second curved steel plate via a connecting assembly; The connecting component is a multi-layer nested structure with adjustment gaps reserved between each connecting layer, and an adjustment mechanism for X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and angular rotation is formed by a covering limiting component. The connecting component, through gap guidance and limiting cooperation, is used to maintain reliable interlayer constraints while absorbing three-dimensional installation deviations.

[0008] The connecting assembly includes an aluminum alloy base. The top of the aluminum alloy base is integrally formed with two symmetrically arranged and outwardly extending first limiting contacts. The two first limiting contacts are connected by bolts to a continuous base, and a gap is formed between the two first limiting contacts and the continuous base. The two ends of the continuous base are integrally formed with second limiting contacts that are bent along the edges of the first limiting contacts and cover the ends of the first limiting contacts.

[0009] A mounting base is screwed onto the through-base. Both ends of the mounting base are bent along the length of the through-base to form a semi-enclosed structure of the through-base. A third limiting contact is integrally formed at both ends of the mounting base. The third limiting contact extends obliquely from the bottom of the through-base in a direction close to each other to limit the movement of the through-base.

[0010] The top of the mounting base is connected to a U-shaped connector by screws, and the screws pass through the U-shaped connector, the mounting base and the full-length base in sequence.

[0011] The mounting base is provided with anti-slip teeth that contact the bottom of the U-shaped connector.

[0012] The two vertical plates of the U-shaped connector are each connected to an aluminum single plate by bolts, and a rock wool layer is fixed to the aluminum single plate by rock wool nails.

[0013] A sealing strip is installed between adjacent aluminum panels.

[0014] A method for installing steel plate ribs that adapt to free-form surfaces includes the following steps: S1: Weld the adapter to the main structure; S2: Locate the installation position of the first arc-shaped steel plate using a total station, adjust the horizontal position using the first waist hole, and then fix the first arc-shaped steel plate to the adapter using bolts; S3: Fix the second arc-shaped steel plate to the first arc-shaped steel plate using steel angle brackets, and adjust the horizontal position using the second waist hole; S4: Install the connecting components on the second arc-shaped steel plate, and install the aluminum alloy base, the full-length base, the mounting base and the U-shaped connecting base in sequence; S5: Fix the aluminum panel to the U-shaped connector and lay a rock wool layer on the back of the aluminum panel; S6: Fill the gaps between adjacent aluminum panels with sealing strips to complete the installation.

[0015] Both the first and second arc-shaped steel plates are laser-cut, and their shapes are adapted to the design cross-section of free-form surfaces.

[0016] The first arc-shaped steel plate is a 150×12mm steel plate, and the second arc-shaped steel plate is a 120×10mm steel plate. The first arc-shaped steel plate and the adapter, and the second arc-shaped steel plate and the steel angle bracket are all connected by stainless steel bolts.

[0017] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention uses laser-cut arc-shaped steel plates as the main and secondary keels, transforming the complex on-site bending and arc processing into precision factory processing, ensuring the forming accuracy of the keels, and perfectly fitting the design cross-section of the free-form surface, thereby ensuring the overall curvature and appearance quality of the curtain wall.

[0018] This invention achieves dual horizontal adjustment capability for the main and secondary keels through the first waist hole on the adapter and the second waist hole on the steel angle bracket, which greatly absorbs the cumulative errors caused by civil construction and component processing, reduces the difficulty and risk of on-site construction, and ensures installation accuracy.

[0019] The connecting components of this invention adopt a multi-layer nested and wrapped structure, which not only increases the installation width of aluminum panels at the gaps, but also provides multi-dimensional fine-tuning capabilities through its internal limiting contacts and anti-slip tooth design. This effectively eliminates minor deviations during the installation of aluminum panels, making the panel installation flatter and more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the steel plate ribbed curtain wall keel of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the steel plate rib keel system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the steel plate rib keel system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the steel plate rib keel system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the steel plate rib keel installation method adapted to free-form surfaces according to the present invention.

[0021] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Main steel plate; 2. Adapter; 3. First arc-shaped steel plate; 4. Second arc-shaped steel plate; 5. Steel angle bracket; 6. Connecting assembly; 61. Aluminum alloy base; 62. Mounting groove; 63. First limit contact; 64. Continuous base; 65. Second limit contact; 66. Mounting seat; 67. Third limit contact; 68. Anti-slip teeth; 69. U-shaped connecting seat; 7. Aluminum single panel; 8. Rock wool layer; 9. Sealing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one type of steel plate rib keel system adapted to free-form surfaces or several specific embodiments of this invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a steel plate rib keel system adapted to free-form surfaces includes a main steel plate 1, which is fixed to the main building structure. Multiple adapters 2 are welded to the main steel plate 1. The adapters 2 are made of channel steel and have a first waist hole for adjusting the horizontal installation position of the first arc-shaped steel plate 3. The main keel includes multiple spaced-apart first arc-shaped steel plates 3. The shape of the first arc-shaped steel plates 3 is designed according to the free-form surface of the building facade and is processed in the factory by a laser cutting machine. The cross-sectional dimensions are, for example, 150×12mm. During installation, the first arc-shaped steel plates 3 are fixed to the adapter 2 by bolts passing through the first waist holes. The design of the first waist holes allows for horizontal adjustment of the installation position of the first arc-shaped steel plates 3 to absorb construction errors in the main structure. The secondary keel includes multiple spaced second arc-shaped steel plates 4. These second arc-shaped steel plates 4 are also laser-cut according to a free-form surface design, with cross-sectional dimensions, for example, 120×10mm. Each second arc-shaped steel plate 4 is connected to its corresponding first arc-shaped steel plate 3 via steel angle brackets 5. The steel angle brackets 5 have second waist holes. Bolts passing through these second waist holes allow adjustment of the horizontal installation position of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 relative to the first arc-shaped steel plate 3, achieving secondary error absorption. Specifically: For compensating for the cumulative error in the installation of the main keel: after the first arc-shaped steel plate 3 is installed in place, if there is a spatial positional deviation between the main keel curved surface grid formed by it and the preset design curved surface, the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 is assembled and connected to the steel angle bracket 5 with bolts, and the elongated hole guide structure of the second waist hole opened on the steel angle bracket 5 is used to adjust the installation position of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 in the horizontal direction so that its edge contour is precisely aligned with the adjacent first arc-shaped steel plate 3, thereby correcting the cumulative positioning error after the main keel is installed.

[0024] Adaptive adjustment for changes in surface curvature: When the relative position of the connection node between the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 and the first arc-shaped steel plate 3 differs in the horizontal direction due to changes in surface curvature, the horizontal position of each connection node is independently adjusted through the second waist hole according to the theoretical coordinates of each node in the design model. This ensures that the grid density and orientation formed by the secondary keel accurately fit the curvature change law of the design surface, thus ensuring the consistency between the keel system and the geometric characteristics of the freeform surface.

[0025] Compensatory adjustment for component processing tolerances: When the first arc-shaped steel plate 3 and the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 cannot achieve a perfect matching connection due to processing accuracy deviation, the position of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 relative to the steel angle bracket 5 is adjusted, and the adjustment gap reserved in the second waist hole is used to eliminate the installation interference resistance caused by component size or hole position deviation, ensuring that each connection node can be smoothly positioned and reliably connected.

[0026] The connecting component 6 is used to install the aluminum single panel 7 onto the second arc-shaped steel plate 4, increasing the tolerance of the installation gap of the aluminum single panel 7 and eliminating minor deviations during the installation process. The specific structure is as follows: the bottom of the aluminum alloy base 61 is provided with an installation groove 62, and the installation groove 62 is fixed to the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 by bolts. The top of the aluminum alloy base 61 is provided with two symmetrically extending outward first limiting contacts 63. A continuous base 64 is fixed between the two first limiting contacts 63 by bolts. The two ends of the continuous base 64 are bent along the edges of the first limiting contacts 63 to form second limiting contacts 65, and cover the ends of the first limiting contacts 63 to form a covering limiting structure, preventing the continuous base 64 from falling off, and allowing it to produce a small displacement within a preset range to adjust the installation error. A mounting base 66 is provided on the long base 64. The two ends of the mounting base 66 are integrally formed with third limiting contacts 67, which are bent along the length of the long base 64 to form a semi-enclosing structure of the long base 64. The two ends of the mounting base 66 are symmetrically arranged and extend inclined towards each other from the bottom of the long base 64 to form a hook limit on the long base 64 and ensure the stability of the connection. The top of the mounting base 66 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped connecting base 69 by screws. The screws pass through the U-shaped connecting base 69, the mounting base 66 and the long base 64 in sequence, locking the three together as a whole. The mounting base 66 is provided with anti-slip teeth 68 that contact the bottom of the U-shaped connecting base 69 to increase friction and prevent the U-shaped connecting base 69 from rotating under force. Aluminum single panels 7 are fixed to the two vertical plates of the U-shaped connector 69 by bolts. Rock wool layers 8 are fixed to the aluminum single panels 7 by rock wool nails to improve the building's thermal insulation and sound insulation performance. Sealing strips 9 are installed between adjacent aluminum single panels 7 to ensure waterproof sealing performance. The connecting component 6 adopts a multi-layer nested structure design, with adjustment gaps reserved between each connecting layer, and constrained by a wrap-around limiting structure to absorb three-dimensional spatial installation deviations and ensure connection reliability; specifically: A first adjustment gap is reserved between the full-length base 64 and the first limiting contact 63 of the aluminum alloy base 61; by utilizing the guiding effect of this gap, the full-length base 64 can slide relative to the horizontal transverse axis X direction perpendicular to the length direction of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the horizontal transverse installation position. The bottom of the aluminum alloy base 61 is provided with a mounting groove 62, which is a long hole guide structure extending along the length direction of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4. Through this structure, the aluminum alloy base 61 can be adjusted in position along the length direction Y of the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 during installation, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the horizontal longitudinal installation position. A second adjustment gap is reserved between the third limiting contact 67 of the mounting base 66 and the through base 64; with the help of the vertical space of this gap, the mounting base 66 can move up and down relative to the through base 64 in the vertical Z direction to achieve fine adjustment of the vertical installation position. The mounting base 66 is provided with anti-slip teeth 68, which contact and cooperate with the bottom of the U-shaped connector 69. Before the U-shaped connector 69 is locked and fixed, the U-shaped connector 69 can be rotated and adjusted at a small angle around the vertical axis Z to adjust the installation angle of the aluminum single panel 7 and ensure that its joint with the adjacent panel is smoothly aligned.

[0027] Through the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned multi-layer nested adjustment structure and the enveloping limiting component, the connecting component 6 can absorb installation deviations in the X, Y, Z and rotation angle directions while maintaining reliable constraints between the connecting layers, preventing components from falling off or loosening, thus taking into account both installation tolerance and structural stability.

[0028] All connecting bolts are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel bolts are used between the first arc-shaped steel plate 3 and the adapter 2, and stainless steel bolts are used between the second arc-shaped steel plate 4 and the steel angle bracket 5.

[0029] like Figure 6As shown, a method for installing steel plate ribs that adapt to free-form surfaces, applied to a steel plate rib system, includes the following steps: S1: Installation preparation: According to the design drawings, accurately lay out the lines on the main structure, determine the position of the main steel plate 1 and embed and fix it; then weld the adapter 2 onto the main steel plate 1; S2: Main keel installation: Using measuring instruments such as a total station, mark the installation reference line of the first arc-shaped steel plate 3 on the adapter 2 according to the three-dimensional model data; hoist the first arc-shaped steel plate 3, use the first waist hole to fine adjust its horizontal position until its spatial position matches the design coordinates, and then tighten the connecting bolts; S3: Secondary keel installation: Pre-install steel angle brackets 5 on the first arc-shaped steel plate 3; hoist the second arc-shaped steel plate 4, and adjust its position through the second waist hole on the steel angle bracket 5 to form a precise curved grid with the first arc-shaped steel plate 3; after adjustment, tighten all bolts; S4: Installation of connecting component 6: Install aluminum alloy base 61 on the second arc-shaped steel plate 4; install the continuous base 64 and mounting seat 66 on the aluminum alloy base 61 in sequence; finally, lock the U-shaped connecting seat 69 to the mounting seat 66 and the continuous base 64 with screws. S5: Panel installation: Hoist the aluminum single panel 7 with the rock wool layer 8 already laminated to the corresponding position and fix it to the U-shaped connector 69 with bolts; use the adjustment margin of the connector 6 itself to fine adjust the flatness and the width of the grid joints of the aluminum single panel 7. S6: Sealing with Glue: Fill the joints of the aluminum single panel 7 with foam rods and inject weather-resistant sealant to form a sealing strip 9, completing the installation.

[0030] This method adopts a construction mode of "factory laser cutting and forming + on-site total station positioning + bolt connection", which transforms the traditional on-site bending and arc processing into factory precision processing, greatly improving the keel forming accuracy and construction efficiency. It is particularly suitable for aluminum panel curtain wall projects with free-form surface shapes.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A steel plate rib keel system adapted to free-form surfaces, characterized in that, include: The main steel plate (1) is fixed to the main building structure; Multiple adapters (2) are fixed to the main steel plate (1); The main keel includes multiple spaced first arc-shaped steel plates (3), and the first arc-shaped steel plates (3) are fixed after horizontal installation position adjustment through the first waist hole opened on the adapter (2); The secondary keel includes multiple spaced second arc-shaped steel plates (4), each second arc-shaped steel plate (4) is connected to the corresponding first arc-shaped steel plate (3) through steel angle brackets (5), and the horizontal installation position is adjusted secondaryly through the second waist hole opened on the steel angle brackets (5); The elongated hole guide structure of the second waist hole opened on the steel angle bracket (5) is used to adjust the installation position of the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) in the horizontal direction. The horizontal position of each connecting node is independently adjusted through the second waist hole to align the keel system with the geometric features of the freeform surface; The adjustment gap reserved in the second waist hole is used to adjust the component size or hole position deviation; An aluminum single panel (7) is installed on the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) via a connecting component (6); The connecting component (6) is a multi-layer nested structure with an adjustment gap reserved between each connecting layer, and an adjustment mechanism for X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and angle rotation is formed by the covering limiting component; The connecting component (6) is used to maintain reliable interlayer constraints while absorbing three-dimensional installation deviations through gap guidance and limiting cooperation.

2. The steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component (6) includes an aluminum alloy base (61). The top of the aluminum alloy base (61) is integrally formed with two symmetrically arranged and outwardly extending first limiting contacts (63). The two first limiting contacts (63) are connected by bolts to a continuous base (64), and a gap is formed between the two first limiting contacts (63) and the continuous base (64). The two ends of the continuous base (64) are integrally formed with second limiting contacts (65) along the edge of the first limiting contacts (63) and cover the end of the first limiting contacts (63).

3. The steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The through-base (64) is screwed to a mounting base (66). The two ends of the mounting base (66) are bent along the length of the through-base (64) to form a semi-enclosed structure of the through-base (64). The two ends of the mounting base (66) are integrally formed with a third limiting contact (67). The third limiting contact (67) extends obliquely from the bottom of the through-base (64) in a direction close to each other to limit the through-base (64).

4. A steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the mounting base (66) is connected to a U-shaped connecting seat (69) by screws, and the screws pass through the U-shaped connecting seat (69), the mounting base (66) and the long base (64) in sequence.

5. A steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting base (66) is provided with anti-slip teeth (68) that contact the bottom of the U-shaped connecting base (69).

6. A steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two vertical plates of the U-shaped connector (69) are connected to aluminum single plates (7) by bolts, and rock wool layers (8) are fixed on the aluminum single plates (7) by rock wool nails.

7. A steel plate rib keel system adaptable to free-form surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing strip (9) is installed between adjacent aluminum panels (7).

8. A method for installing steel plate ribs adapted to free-form surfaces, applied to the system described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Weld the adapter (2) to the main structure; S2: Position the first arc-shaped steel plate (3) using a total station, adjust the horizontal position using the first waist hole, and then fix the first arc-shaped steel plate (3) onto the adapter (2) using bolts; S3: Fix the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) onto the first arc-shaped steel plate (3) using the steel angle bracket (5), and adjust the horizontal position using the second waist hole; S4: Install the connecting assembly (6) on the second arc-shaped steel plate (4), and install the aluminum alloy base (61), the full-length base (64), the mounting base (66) and the U-shaped connecting base (69) in sequence. S5: Fix the aluminum single panel (7) to the U-shaped connector (69) and lay a rock wool layer (8) on the back of the aluminum single panel (7). S6: Fill the gap between adjacent aluminum panels (7) with sealing strips (9) to complete the installation.

9. The method for installing steel plate ribs adapted to free-form surfaces according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first arc-shaped steel plate (3) and the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) are both laser-cut and their shapes are adapted to the design cross-section of free-form surfaces.

10. The method for installing a steel plate rib keel adapted to a free-form surface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first arc-shaped steel plate (3) is a 150×12mm steel plate, and the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) is a 120×10mm steel plate. The first arc-shaped steel plate (3) and the adapter (2) and the second arc-shaped steel plate (4) and the steel angle bracket (5) are connected by stainless steel bolts.

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