Pultrusion system

Abstract

This application relates to the field of composite material pultrusion technology and discloses a pultrusion system. The pultrusion system includes a yarn feeding mechanism, a preforming mechanism, and a pultrusion die. The yarn feeding mechanism is used to carry reinforcing material. The preforming mechanism is located downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism and includes a plurality of spaced-apart guide plates. Each guide plate includes a body and a cavity penetrating the body. The body includes a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region. The cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity located in the edge region. The second cavity is located between the first cavity and the central region. The first and second cavities are used to form a surrounding plate, and the central region is used to form a cavity. The pultrusion die is used to receive the reinforcing material passing through the preforming mechanism. In the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the distance between the first cavity and the central region of the subsequent guide plate is smaller than the distance between the first cavity and the central region of the preceding guide plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material pultrusion technology, and particularly to a pultrusion system. Background Technology

[0002] In the pultrusion process, the orderly and uniform introduction of reinforcing materials (yarn bundles or felt, etc.) from multiple yarn frames into the cavity of the pultrusion die is a key step to ensure product quality.

[0003] In related technologies, when producing profiles with cavities, the complex cross-section of the profiles can easily cause secondary disorder of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion die, leading to secondary interweaving, bending, and mutual friction of the reinforcing material, which affects the molding quality of the product and urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a pultrusion molding system that, when molding profiles with cavities, can improve the problem of secondary disorder of reinforcing materials when entering the pultrusion die, thereby improving the molding quality of the product.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a pultrusion molding system for preparing profiles with cavities. The profiles include a sheath and a cavity formed by the sheath. The pultrusion molding system includes: a yarn feeding mechanism for carrying reinforcing material; a preforming mechanism disposed downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism, the preforming mechanism including a plurality of guide plates spaced apart, each guide plate including a body and a cavity penetrating the body, the body including a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region, the cavity including a first cavity and a second cavity located in the edge region, the second cavity being located between the first cavity and the central region, the first cavity and the second cavity being used to form the sheath, and the central region being used to form the cavity; and a pultrusion die disposed downstream of the preforming mechanism, the pultrusion die being used to receive reinforcing material passing through the preforming mechanism, wherein, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the distance between the first cavity and the central region of the subsequent guide plate is less than the distance between the first cavity and the central region of the preceding guide plate.

[0006] In the embodiment of this application, the pultrusion molding system includes a yarn feeding mechanism, a preforming mechanism, and a pultrusion die. The yarn feeding mechanism is used to carry the reinforcing material. The preforming mechanism is located downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism and includes multiple guide plates spaced apart. Each guide plate includes a body and a cavity penetrating the body. The pultrusion die is located downstream of the preforming mechanism. The reinforcing material passes through the cavities of the multiple guide plates and enters the pultrusion die for molding. The body includes a central region and an edge region. The cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity located in the edge region. The reinforcing material passing through the first and second cavities is used to form the profile's retaining plate, and the central region is used to form the profile's cavity. By setting the distance from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism such that the distance between the first cavity of the subsequent guide plate and the central region is less than the distance between the first cavity of the preceding guide plate and the central region, the reinforcing material gradually approaches the cross-sectional shape of the product or the shape of the pultrusion die's inlet end as it passes through the first cavities of the multiple guide plates. This reduces the deformation degree of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion die from the preforming die, improves the problem of secondary disorder that easily occurs when the reinforcing material enters the pultrusion die, and improves the molding quality of the product.

[0007] In some embodiments, the reinforcing material includes a surface layer material and a wire harness material. The first cavity includes a first felt channel and a first yarn channel. The first felt channel is used to guide the surface layer material, and the first yarn channel is used to guide the wire harness material. The first felt channel is located on the side of the first yarn channel away from the central region, in the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism. The distance between the first felt channel and the first yarn channel of the subsequent guide plate is smaller than the distance between the first felt channel and the first yarn channel of the previous one.

[0008] In the embodiment of this application, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, as the first felt path and the first yarn path gradually approach the central region, the distance between the first felt path and the first yarn path also gradually decreases. On the one hand, the distance between the first felt path and the first yarn path is larger at the inlet end of the preforming mechanism to facilitate the separation of the reinforcing material conveyed to the preforming mechanism by the yarn feeding mechanism, thereby reducing the risk of intertwining and friction between the surface material and the wire harness material. On the other hand, the distance between the first felt path and the first yarn path is smaller at the outlet end of the preforming mechanism to be close to the distance between the surface material and the wire harness material in the product enclosure or the distance between the surface material and the wire harness material at the inlet end of the pultrusion die, thereby reducing the risk of secondary disorder that may easily occur when the wire harness material and the surface material enter the pultrusion die, which helps to improve the molding quality of the product.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first cavity includes four first felt channels, with the central region having first felt channels on both sides in a first direction and on both sides in a second direction.

[0010] In the embodiment of this application, the first cavity includes four first felt channels disposed around the central region. The four first felt channels are respectively used to form the four outer surfaces of the enclosure in the first direction and the second direction, which helps to reduce the molding difficulty of the product.

[0011] In some embodiments, the two first felt channels arranged opposite each other along the first direction are respectively the first sub-felt channel and the second sub-felt channel. The length of the first sub-felt channel is greater than the length of the second sub-felt channel. The first sub-felt channel includes a middle part and ends disposed on both sides of the middle part. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the upper end of each guide plate gradually bends toward the second sub-felt channel and gradually intersects with the first sub-felt channels arranged along the second direction in the first direction.

[0012] In the embodiment of this application, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the upper ends of each guide plate gradually bend toward the second sub-felt path to reduce the bending stress of the surface material in the first sub-felt path and reduce the risk of wrinkling and damage to the surface material; the upper ends of each guide plate gradually intersect with the first sub-felt path arranged along the second direction in the first direction to increase the connection strength between the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path and the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path arranged along the second direction, thereby reducing the risk of delamination of the surface material at this point.

[0013] In some embodiments, the end gradually extends along a first direction into the space between two first sub-felt channels arranged along a second direction.

[0014] In the embodiments of this application, the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path forms an interlocking structure with the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path arranged along the second direction, which helps to enhance the forming quality of the profile.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first yarn path includes at least one first through hole for guiding the wire harness material from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path of a subsequent guide plate is less than or equal to the number of first through holes in the first yarn path of a previous guide plate. The plurality of guide plates include end plates and tail plates disposed at their respective ends. The tail plate is located between the end plates and the pultrusion die. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path of the tail plate is less than the number of first through holes in the first yarn path of the end plates.

[0016] In the embodiments of this application, on the one hand, the first yarn path of the end plate contains a large number of first through holes, which reduces the risk of the wire harness materials tangling and rubbing against each other; on the other hand, the first yarn path of the tail plate contains a small number of first through holes, so that several yarn bundles gradually converge to approach the arrangement state of the wire harness materials in the product enclosure, thereby reducing the degree of bending or displacement of the wire harness materials when entering the pultrusion die, improving the problem that the wire harness materials are prone to tangling and rubbing at the entrance end of the pultrusion die, and helping to improve the molding quality of the product.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reinforcing material includes a surface layer material, the second cavity is used to guide the surface layer material to form the surface of the cavity, each central region is provided with a second cavity on both sides of its second direction, the plurality of guide plates include a first plate and a plurality of second plates, the second cavity of the first plate extends along a first direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the two ends of the two second cavities of the second plate extend in a direction that approaches each other.

[0018] In the embodiment of this application, the second cavity of the first plate extends along a first direction to facilitate the entry of the surface material into the preforming mechanism. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the two ends of the two second cavities of the second plate extend in a direction that approaches each other, so that the surface material gradually bends to form the cavity surface as it passes through the second cavity. On the one hand, this makes the shape of the surface material passing through the second cavity close to the shape of the product or the pultrusion mold inlet, thereby reducing the degree of deformation of the surface material when it enters the pultrusion mold from the preforming mold and improving the problem of excessive bending and wrinkling damage of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion mold. On the other hand, the gradual bending of the surface material in each second plate also helps to reduce the bending stress of the surface material and reduce the risk of wrinkling damage of the surface material in the preforming structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the profile includes a plurality of cavities, the body includes a plurality of spaced-apart central regions, the cavities further include second yarn channels, the reinforcing material includes wire harness material, the second yarn channels are used to guide the wire harness material, and the second yarn channels are located between two second cavities between two adjacent central regions.

[0020] In the embodiment of this application, the body includes a plurality of central regions spaced apart, and the cavity also includes a second yarn channel located between two second cavities between two adjacent central regions. The second yarn channel and the second cavities located on both sides thereon form a partition portion that separates each cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, the spacing between the two second cavities located between the two central regions of the first plate is greater than the spacing between the two second cavities located between the two central regions of the second plate; and / or, the second yarn channel includes at least one second through hole for guiding the wire harness material, and the number of second through holes included in the second yarn channel of the second plate is less than the number of second through holes included in the second yarn channel of the first plate.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the distance between the two second cavities located between the two central regions of the first plate is relatively large, so that the second yarn path has sufficient space to set multiple second through holes to guide the wire harness material, reducing the risk of the wire harness material entanglement and friction when passing through the preforming mechanism; and / or the second yarn path on the second plate contains fewer second through holes, reducing the area of ​​the second yarn path on the second plate and facilitating the deformation of the second yarn path.

[0023] In some embodiments, from the outlet end to the inlet end of the preforming mechanism, on the guide plate closest to the yarn feeding mechanism, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity gradually increases in the thickness direction of the guide plate.

[0024] In the embodiment of this application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity gradually increases in the direction of the guide plate thickness from the outlet end to the inlet end of the preforming mechanism, so that the cavity has a larger opening, which facilitates the entry of reinforcing material into the cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a profile with a cavity. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preforming mechanism of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide plate of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second guide plate of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third guide plate of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth guide plate of a pultrusion molding system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure label: 1. Pultrusion molding system; 2. Yarn feeding mechanism; 3. Pultrusion die; 4. Preforming mechanism; 41. Guide plate; 411. Body; 412. Cavity; 413. Central region; 414. Edge region; 415. First guide plate; 416. Second guide plate; 417. Third guide plate; 418. Fourth guide plate; 51. First cavity; 511. First felt channel; 512. First yarn channel; 52. Second cavity; 53. Second yarn channel; 513. First sub-felt channel; 514. Second sub-felt channel; 5131. Middle section; 5132. End; 521. Middle section; 522. Edge section; 6. Profile; 61. Enclosure panel; 62. Cavity; 611. Outer end plate; 612. Outer side plate; 613. Partition plate; X, the first direction; Y, the second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] In the pultrusion process, the orderly and uniform introduction of reinforcing material (yarn bundles or felt, etc.) from multiple yarn frames into the cavity of the pultrusion die is a crucial step in ensuring product quality. In related technologies, when producing profiles with cavities, due to the complex cross-section of the profile, the reinforcing material is prone to secondary disorder upon entering the cavity of the pultrusion die, leading to problems such as secondary interweaving, bending, and mutual friction.

[0031] In related technologies, the preforming mechanism includes a simple perforated plate or guide block. The simple perforated plate refers to one or more metal or ceramic plates with densely packed through holes placed at the front end of the pultrusion die inlet. The reinforcing material passes through different holes to achieve initial separation. The guide block is positioned between the perforated plate and the pultrusion die inlet and has parallel guide grooves of equal length. In simple perforated plates and guide blocks, the reinforcing material suddenly enters the convergence or deformation space of the pultrusion die from a regular arrangement, making it highly susceptible to secondary disorder, resulting in problems such as secondary interweaving, bending, and mutual friction.

[0032] Therefore, in order to improve the above problems, this application provides a pultrusion molding system for preparing profiles with cavities, which is described below in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-7 The pultrusion molding system of the present application embodiment will be described in detail.

[0033] Firstly, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this application provides a pultrusion molding system 1 for preparing a profile 6 with a cavity 62. The profile 6 includes a retaining plate 61 and a cavity 62 formed by the retaining plate 61. The pultrusion molding system 1 includes a yarn feeding mechanism 2, a preforming mechanism 4, and a pultrusion die 3. The yarn feeding mechanism 2 is used to carry the reinforcing material. The preforming mechanism 4 is located downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism 2 and includes a plurality of guide plates 41 spaced apart. Each guide plate 41 includes a body 411 and a cavity 412 penetrating the body 411. The body 411 includes a central region 413 and an edge region 414 surrounding the central region 413. The cavity 412... 12 includes a first cavity 51 and a second cavity 52 located in the edge region 414. The second cavity 52 is located between the first cavity 51 and the middle region 413. The first cavity 51 and the second cavity 52 are used to form a surrounding plate 61, and the middle region 413 is used to form a cavity 62. The pultrusion die 3 is disposed downstream of the preforming mechanism 4. The pultrusion die 3 is used to receive the reinforcing material passing through the preforming mechanism 4. In the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the distance between the first cavity 51 of the subsequent guide plate 41 and the middle region 413 is smaller than the distance between the first cavity 51 of the previous guide plate 41 and the middle region 413.

[0034] In the embodiment of this application, the pultrusion molding system 1 includes a yarn feeding mechanism 2, a preforming mechanism 4, and a pultrusion die 3. The yarn feeding mechanism 2 is used to carry the reinforcing material. The preforming mechanism 4 is located downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism 2 and includes a plurality of guide plates 41 spaced apart. Each guide plate 41 includes a body 411 and a cavity 412 penetrating the body 411. The pultrusion die 3 is located downstream of the preforming mechanism 4. The reinforcing material passes through the cavities 412 of the plurality of guide plates 41 and enters the pultrusion die 3 for molding. The body 411 includes a central region 413 and an edge region 414. The cavity 412 includes a first cavity 51 and a second cavity 52 located in the edge region 414. The reinforcing material passes through the first cavity 51 and the second cavity 52. The reinforcing material of the two-cavity channel 52 is used to form the surrounding plate 61 of the profile 6, and the middle region 413 is used to form the cavity 62 of the profile 6. By setting the distance between the first cavity 51 of the next guide plate 41 and the middle region 413 in the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4 to be smaller than the distance between the first cavity 51 of the previous guide plate 41 and the middle region 413, the reinforcing material gradually approaches the cross-sectional shape of the product or the shape of the inlet end of the pultrusion die 3 as it passes through the first cavity 51 of multiple guide plates 41. This reduces the degree of deformation of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion die 3 from the preforming die, improves the problem of secondary disorder that the reinforcing material is prone to when it enters the pultrusion die 3, and improves the molding quality of the product.

[0035] Optionally, the profile 6 includes one or more cavities 62. For example, the profile 6 can be a door or window profile, an I-beam, or a grille, etc.

[0036] Optionally, the reinforcing material includes a surface material and a wire harness material, wherein the wire harness material can be yarn, and the surface material can be knitted felt or non-woven fabric, etc. For example, the yarn can be glass fiber, carbon fiber, or metal fiber, etc.

[0037] Optionally, the enclosure 61 is composed of a layer of wire harness material and two layers of surface material. The two layers of surface material are respectively disposed on both sides of the wire harness material and cover the wire harness material. The surface material and the wire harness material are bonded together by an adhesive.

[0038] Optionally, the preforming mechanism 4 is located downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism 2, and the pultrusion die 3 is located downstream of the preforming mechanism 4. This means that in the pultrusion molding system 1, the reinforcing material is released from the yarn feeding mechanism 2 and then enters the pultrusion die 3 through the preforming mechanism 4.

[0039] Optionally, the pultrusion die 3 receiving the reinforcing material via the preforming mechanism 4 means that the pultrusion die 3 includes a molding chamber, and the reinforcing material via the preforming mechanism 4 enters the pultrusion die 3 through the inlet end of the molding chamber. The reinforcing material undergoes processes such as injection and curing within the molding chamber to form the product. The shape of the inlet end of the pultrusion die 3 refers to the inlet shape of the molding chamber of the pultrusion die 3, which approximates the cross-sectional shape of the product.

[0040] Optionally, the preforming mechanism 4 includes multiple guide plates 41, and the number of guide plates 41 can be designed according to actual conditions. For example, the number of guide plates 41 in the preforming mechanism 4 can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, etc.

[0041] Optionally, multiple guide plates 41 are equidistantly spaced, which helps to ensure that the reinforcing material passes smoothly through the cavity 412 of each guide plate 41.

[0042] Optionally, the spacing between adjacent guide plates 41 is between 15cm and 25cm. For example, the spacing between adjacent guide plates 41 can be 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, etc.

[0043] Optionally, the preforming mechanism 4 also includes a support frame, and multiple guide plates 41 are connected to the support frame, which provides support and positioning for the guide plates 41.

[0044] For ease of understanding, this embodiment of the application takes the preforming mechanism 4, which includes four guide plates 41, as an example. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the four guide plates 41 are, in sequence, the first guide plate 415, the second guide plate 416, the third guide plate 417, and the fourth guide plate 418.

[0045] Optionally, the body 411 includes a central region 413 and an edge region 414. The central region 413 is used to form the cavity 62 of the profile 6. The number of central regions 413 included in the body 411 is the same as the number of cavities 62 included in the profile 6 product. The edge region 414 is arranged around the central region 413, and the cavity 412 is located in the edge region 414. The reinforcing material passes through the cavity 412 of each guide plate 41 in sequence to gradually shape it to approach the cross-sectional shape of the product, so as to reduce the degree of deformation of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion die 3 from the preforming die and improve the problem of secondary disorder that is easy to occur when the reinforcing material enters the pultrusion die 3.

[0046] Alternatively, as the reinforcing material passes through the cavity 412 of the multiple guide plates 41, the size and shape of the central region 413 gradually change to approximate the size and shape of the product cavity 62.

[0047] For example, on the guide plate 41 closest to the pultrusion die 3, namely the fourth guide plate 418 in the figure, the second cavity 52 covers the edge of the central region 413, the size and shape of the central region 413 being close to or equal to the size and shape of the product cavity 62.

[0048] Optionally, the cavity 412 includes a first cavity 51 and a second cavity 52, and the reinforcing material passing through the first cavity 51 and the second cavity 52 of each guide plate 41 is used to form the enclosure 61 of the product.

[0049] For example, when molding a product including a cavity 62, the first cavity 51 includes a first felt channel 511 and a first yarn channel 512. The first felt channel 511 is used to guide the outer surface material of the molding enclosure 61, the first yarn channel 512 is used to guide the wire harness material, and the second cavity 52 is used to guide the inner surface material of the molding enclosure 61.

[0050] Optionally, the first cavity 51 and the second cavity 52 on each guide plate 41 are correspondingly provided. Specifically, the first cavity 51 of each guide plate 41 guides the same bundle or the same layer of reinforcing material; the second cavity 52 of each guide plate 41 guides the same bundle or the same layer of reinforcing material.

[0051] Optionally, the enclosure 61 includes two oppositely arranged outer side plates 612 and two oppositely arranged outer end plates 611, which are connected to each other to form the outer contour of the profile 6. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the distance between the first cavity 51 and the middle region 413 of the latter guide plate 41 is smaller than the distance between the first cavity 51 and the middle region 413 of the former guide plate 41. In other words, the first cavity 51 is used to form the outer end plates 611 and the outer side plates 612. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the first cavity 51 gradually moves closer to the middle region 413, and the shape of the first cavity 51 gradually approaches the outer contour of the profile 6. This reduces the deformation of the reinforcing material passing through the first cavity 51 when it enters the pultrusion die 3 from the preforming die, and improves the problem of secondary disorder, entanglement, friction, and secondary interweaving of the reinforcing material at the inlet end of the pultrusion die 3.

[0052] For example, compared to other guide plates 41, the shape of the first cavity 51 of the guide plate 41 closest to the pultrusion die 3 is closest to the outer contour of the profile 6.

[0053] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the distance between the first cavity 51 on each guide plate 41 and the central region 413 gradually and uniformly decreases, so as to reduce the deformation stress of the reinforcing material when passing through the first cavity 51 of each guide plate 41.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the reinforcing material includes a surface layer material and a wire harness material. The first cavity 51 includes a first felt channel 511 and a first yarn channel 512. The first felt channel 511 is used to guide the surface layer material, and the first yarn channel 512 is used to guide the wire harness material. The first felt channel 511 is located on the side of the first yarn channel 512 away from the central region 413, in the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4. The distance between the first felt channel 511 and the first yarn channel 512 of the subsequent guide plate 41 is smaller than the distance between the first felt channel 511 and the first yarn channel 512 of the previous one.

[0055] In these embodiments, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, as the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 gradually approach the central region 413, the distance between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 also gradually decreases. On the one hand, the distance between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 is larger at the inlet end of the preforming mechanism 4 to facilitate the separation of the reinforcing material conveyed to the preforming mechanism 4 by the yarn feeding mechanism 2, thereby reducing the risk of intertwining and friction between the surface material and the wire harness material. On the other hand, the distance between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 is smaller at the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, so as to be close to the distance between the surface material and the wire harness material in the product enclosure 61 or the distance between the surface material and the wire harness material at the inlet end of the pultrusion die 3, thereby reducing the risk of secondary disorder when the wire harness material and the surface material enter the pultrusion die 3, which helps to improve the molding quality of the product.

[0056] Optionally, in the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the distance between the first felt path 511 and the middle region 413 of the subsequent guide plate 41 is less than the distance between the first felt path 511 and the middle region 413 of the preceding guide plate 41; the distance between the first yarn path 512 and the middle region 413 of the subsequent guide plate 41 is less than the distance between the first yarn path 512 and the middle region 413 of the preceding guide plate 41.

[0057] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the spacing between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 on each guide plate 41 gradually decreases to gradually approach the spacing between the surface material and the wire harness material in the enclosure plate 61.

[0058] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the spacing between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 on each guide plate 41 gradually and uniformly decreases, so as to reduce the deformation stress when the surface material and the wire harness material pass through the first cavity 51 of each guide plate 41.

[0059] Optionally, multiple yarn bundles often pass through the first yarn path 512. In order to reduce the risk of yarn bundles and felt rubbing against each other at the entrance of the preforming mechanism 4, the distance between the first felt path 511 and the first yarn path 512 on the guide plate 41 near the yarn feeding mechanism 2 is relatively large.

[0060] Optionally, in order to further reduce the risk of yarn bundles and felt fabrics intertwining and rubbing at the entrance end of the preforming mechanism 4, the yarn bundles enter the preforming mechanism 4 through the first yarn path 512 of the first guide plate 415, and the felt fabrics enter the preforming mechanism 4 through the first felt path 511 of the second guide plate 416.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first cavity 51 includes four first felt channels 511, and the central region 413 is provided with first felt channels 511 on both sides of the first direction X and both sides of the second direction Y.

[0062] In these embodiments, the first cavity 51 includes four first felt channels 511 disposed around the central region 413. The four first felt channels 511 are respectively used to form the four outer surfaces of the enclosure 61 in the first direction X and the second direction Y, which helps to reduce the molding difficulty of the product.

[0063] For example, the four first felt paths 511 are respectively used to form the four outer surfaces of the enclosure 61 in the first direction X and the second direction Y, that is, the four first felt paths 511 are used to form the outer surfaces of the two side plates and the two end plates.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the two first felt channels 511 arranged opposite each other along the first direction X are the first sub-felt channel 513 and the second sub-felt channel 514. The length of the first sub-felt channel 513 is greater than that of the second sub-felt channel 514. The first sub-felt channel 513 includes a middle part 5131 and end parts 5132 respectively disposed on both sides of the middle part 5131. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the upper end part 5132 of each guide plate 41 gradually bends toward the second sub-felt channel 514 and gradually intersects with the first sub-felt channels 513 arranged along the second direction Y in the first direction X.

[0065] In these embodiments, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the upper end 5132 of each guide plate 41 gradually bends toward the second sub-felt path 514 to reduce the bending stress of the inner surface material of the first sub-felt path 513 and reduce the risk of wrinkling and damage to the surface material; the upper end 5132 of each guide plate 41 gradually intersects with the first sub-felt path 513 arranged along the second direction Y in the first direction X to increase the connection strength between the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path 513 and the surface material passing through the first sub-felt path 513 arranged along the second direction Y, thereby reducing the risk of delamination of the surface material at this point.

[0066] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the upper end 5132 of each guide plate 41 gradually bends toward the second sub-felt path 514, and the distance between the end 5132 of the latter guide plate 41 and the second sub-felt path 514 is smaller than the distance between the end 5132 of the former guide plate 41 and the second sub-felt path 514.

[0067] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the angle between the upper end 5132 and the middle part 5131 of each guide plate 41 gradually and uniformly decreases.

[0068] For example, the two ends 5132 are arranged symmetrically along the central axis extending in the first direction X along the middle portion 5131.

[0069] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the stagger dimension of the end 5132 and the first sub-felt path 513 arranged along the second direction Y gradually increases in the first direction X.

[0070] Optionally, the end 5132 gradually extends along the first direction X into the space between two first sub-felt channels 513 arranged along the second direction Y, so that the surface material passing through the first sub-felt channel 513 and the surface material passing through the first sub-felt channel 513 arranged along the second direction Y form an interlocking structure, which helps to enhance the forming quality of the profile 6.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first yarn path 512 includes at least one first through hole for guiding the wire harness material from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path 512 of the subsequent guide plate 41 is less than or equal to the number of first through holes in the first yarn path 512 of the previous guide plate 41. The plurality of guide plates 41 include end plates and tail plates respectively disposed at their two ends. The tail plate is located between the end plate and the pultrusion die 3. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path 512 of the tail plate is less than the number of first through holes in the first yarn path 512 of the end plate.

[0072] In these embodiments, on the one hand, the first yarn path 512 of the end plate contains a large number of first through holes, which reduces the risk of the wire harness materials tangling and rubbing against each other; on the other hand, the first yarn path 512 of the tail plate contains a small number of first through holes, so that several wire harness materials gradually converge to the arrangement state of the wire harness materials in the product enclosure 61, thereby reducing the degree of bending or displacement of the wire harness materials when entering the pultrusion die 3, improving the problem that the wire harness materials are prone to tangling and rubbing at the entrance end of the pultrusion die 3, and helping to improve the molding quality of the product.

[0073] For ease of understanding, the end plate corresponds to the first guide plate 415 in the attached drawing, and the tail plate corresponds to the second guide plate 416 in the attached drawing.

[0074] Optionally, the first yarn path 512 is used to guide multiple strands of material. To improve the problem of entanglement and friction of the strands of material during its passage through the guide plate 41, the first yarn path 512 is divided into several first through holes to separate the strands of material. Exemplarily, one strand of yarn can pass through each first through hole. Exemplarily, the first through hole is circular.

[0075] Optionally, among the multiple guide plates 41 included in the preforming mechanism 4, except for the tail plate, the number of first through holes included in the first yarn path 512 on each guide plate 41 is the same, so that as many first yarn paths 512 on the guide plates 41 as possible can separate the wire harness material through the first through holes during the process of the wire harness material passing through the preforming mechanism 4, thereby reducing the risk of the wire harness material tangling and intertwining in the preforming mechanism 4.

[0076] Optionally, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the number of first through holes included in the first yarn path 512 of each guide plate 41 gradually decreases.

[0077] For example, the first yarn path 512 of the tail plate includes one, two, or three first through holes, etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the reinforcing material includes a surface layer material, and the second cavity 52 is used to guide the surface layer material to form the surface of the cavity 62. Each central region 413 is provided with a second cavity 52 on both sides of its second direction Y. The plurality of guide plates 41 include a first plate and a plurality of second plates. The second cavity 52 on the first plate extends along the first direction X, the first direction X intersects the second direction Y, and extends from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4. The two ends of the two second cavities 52 on the second plate extend in a direction that approaches each other.

[0079] In these embodiments, the second cavity 52 of the first plate extends along the first direction X to facilitate the entry of the surface material into the preforming mechanism 4. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the two ends of the two second cavities 52 of the second plate extend in a direction that approaches each other, so that the surface material gradually bends to form the surface of the cavity 62 as it passes through the second cavity 52. ​​On the one hand, this makes the shape of the surface material passing through the second cavity 52 close to the shape of the product or the entrance of the pultrusion mold 3, thereby reducing the degree of deformation of the surface material when it enters the pultrusion mold 3 from the preforming mold and improving the problem of wrinkles and damage caused by excessive bending of the reinforcing material when it enters the pultrusion mold 3. On the other hand, the gradual bending of the surface material in each of the second plates also helps to reduce the bending stress of the surface material and reduce the risk of wrinkles and damage of the surface material in the preforming structure.

[0080] For ease of understanding, the first plate corresponds to the first guide plate 415 in the attached drawing, and the multiple second plates correspond to the second guide plate 416, the third guide plate 417 and the fourth guide plate 418 in the attached drawing, respectively.

[0081] Optionally, the surface of the second cavity 52 used to guide the surface material to form the cavity 62 refers to the surface material shaped by the second cavity 52 that can form the cavity wall of the cavity 62.

[0082] Optionally, each central region 413 is provided with a second cavity 52 on both sides of its second direction Y. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the two ends of the second cavity 52 extend in a direction that approaches each other, so as to gradually surround the central region 413 to form the cavity wall of the cavity 62.

[0083] Optionally, the second cavity 52 on the first plate extends in a straight line in the first direction X to facilitate the entry of reinforcing material into the second cavity 52 of the first plate.

[0084] Optionally, the multiple guide plates 41 include multiple second plates, and the number of second plates can be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.

[0085] Optionally, the second cavity 52 includes a middle section 521 and side sections 522 disposed at both ends of the middle section 521 in the first direction X. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, the side section 522 of one second cavity 52 on the second plate extends toward the other second cavity 52, and the side sections 522 of the two second cavities 52 gradually intersect in the second direction Y to surround the central region 413.

[0086] For example, the second cavity 52 of the second plate closest to the first plate extends in a straight line in the first direction X. The second plate closest to the first plate refers to the second guide plate 416 in the figure.

[0087] For example, in a pultrusion molding system 1 for forming a profile 6 having a cavity 62, the middle section 521 and the first cavity 51 are used to form the outer side plate 612, and the side section 522 and the first cavity 51 are used to form the outer end plate 611.

[0088] For example, on the second plate, a through hole is provided in the central region 413 for accommodating the mandrel. On the guide plate 41 closest to the pultrusion die 3, the through hole covers the entire central region 413 and communicates with the second cavity 52, through which the surface material of the second cavity 52 covers the outer surface of the mandrel.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the profile 6 includes multiple cavities 62, the body 411 includes multiple central regions 413 spaced apart, the cavity 412 also includes a second yarn channel 53, the reinforcing material includes wire harness material, the second yarn channel 53 is used to guide the wire harness material, and the second yarn channel 53 is located between two second cavities 52 between two adjacent central regions 413.

[0090] In these embodiments, the body 411 includes a plurality of central regions 413 spaced apart, and the cavity 412 also includes a second yarn channel 53 located between two second cavities 52 between two adjacent central regions 413. The second yarn channel 53 and the second cavities 52 located on both sides thereon form a partition plate 61 portion that separates each cavity 62.

[0091] Optionally, the enclosure 61 further includes a partition 613, which is connected to two outer end plates 611 at its two ends in the first direction X, respectively, to separate the various cavities 62. The second yarn passage 53 and the two closest second cavity passages 52 on both sides are used to form the partition 613.

[0092] Specifically, the middle section 521 of the second yarn channel 53 and the second cavity 52 is used to form a partition 613, and the side section 522 of the second cavity 52 and the first cavity 51 are used to form an outer end plate 611.

[0093] For example, when the profile 6 includes three or more cavities 62, the number of central regions 413 is three or more. Each central region 413 has two second channels 52 on both sides of its second direction Y. The surface material shaped by these two second channels 52 surrounds the cavity wall of the cavity 62.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the spacing between the two second cavities 52 located between the two central regions 413 of the first plate is greater than the spacing between the two second cavities 52 located between the two central regions 413 of the second plate; and / or, the second yarn channel 53 includes at least one second through hole for guiding the wire harness material, and the number of second through holes included in the second yarn channel 53 of the second plate is less than the number of second through holes included in the second yarn channel 53 of the first plate.

[0095] In these embodiments, the spacing between the two second cavities 52 located between the two central regions 413 of the first plate is large, so that the second yarn channel 53 has sufficient space to provide multiple second through holes to guide the wire harness material, reducing the risk of entanglement and friction when the wire harness material passes through the preforming mechanism 4; and / or the second yarn channel 53 of the second plate contains fewer second through holes, reducing the area of ​​the second yarn channel 53 on the second plate and facilitating the deformation of the second yarn channel 53.

[0096] Optionally, in each second plate, the spacing between the two second cavities 52 between the two central regions 413 is the same, so as to reduce the processing difficulty of the guide plate 41.

[0097] Optionally, in each of the second plates, the number of second through holes included in the second yarn path 53 is the same, so as to reduce the processing difficulty of the guide plate 41. For example, the second yarn path 53 in the second plate includes two second through holes.

[0098] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, from the outlet end to the inlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, on the guide plate 41 closest to the yarn feeding mechanism 2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity 412 gradually increases in the thickness direction of the guide plate 41.

[0099] In these embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity 412 gradually increases in the thickness direction of the guide plate 41 from the outlet end to the inlet end of the preforming mechanism 4, so that the cavity 412 has a larger opening to facilitate the entry of reinforcing material into the cavity 412.

[0100] Optionally, the guide plate 41 closest to the yarn feeding mechanism 2 refers to the guide plate 41 that is first passed through after passing the yarn feeding mechanism 2, which is the first guide plate 415 in the attached figure.

[0101] Optionally, the inlet end of the cavity 412 is provided with an arc or a chamfered corner to facilitate the introduction of reinforcing material into the cavity 412.

[0102] Optionally, a low-friction bushing is provided inside the cavity 412 to improve the problem that the reinforcing material is prone to wear on the cavity 412.

[0103] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pultrusion molding system for preparing profiles with cavities, the profiles comprising a retaining plate and a cavity formed by the retaining plate, characterized in that, The pultrusion system includes: The yarn feeding mechanism is used to support the reinforcing material; A preforming mechanism is disposed downstream of the yarn feeding mechanism. The preforming mechanism includes a plurality of guide plates spaced apart. Each guide plate includes a body and a cavity penetrating the body. The body includes a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region. The cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity located in the edge region. The second cavity is located between the first cavity and the central region. The first cavity and the second cavity are used to form the surrounding plate, and the central region is used to form the cavity. A pultrusion die, located downstream of the preforming mechanism, is used to receive the reinforcing material that has passed through the preforming mechanism. In the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the distance between the first cavity and the middle region of the latter guide plate is less than the distance between the first cavity and the middle region of the former guide plate.

2. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing material includes a surface layer material and a wire harness material. The first cavity includes a first felt channel and a first yarn channel. The first felt channel is used to guide the surface layer material, and the first yarn channel is used to guide the wire harness material. The first felt channel is located on the side of the first yarn channel away from the central region, in the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism. The distance between the first felt channel and the first yarn channel of the subsequent guide plate is smaller than the distance between the first felt channel and the first yarn channel of the previous one.

3. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first cavity includes four first felt channels, and the central region is provided with the first felt channels on both sides in the first direction and on both sides in the second direction.

4. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two first felt channels arranged opposite each other along the first direction are the first sub-felt channel and the second sub-felt channel. The length of the first sub-felt channel is greater than that of the second sub-felt channel. The first sub-felt channel includes a middle part and ends disposed on both sides of the middle part. From the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, the ends of each guide plate gradually bend toward the second sub-felt channel and gradually intersect with the first sub-felt channels arranged along the second direction in the first direction.

5. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end gradually extends along the first direction into the space between the two first sub-felt channels arranged along the second direction.

6. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first yarn path includes at least one first through hole for guiding the yarn harness material from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path of a subsequent guide plate is less than or equal to the number of first through holes in the first yarn path of a previous guide plate. The plurality of guide plates include end plates and tail plates disposed at their two ends. The tail plate is located between the end plates and the pultrusion die. The number of first through holes in the first yarn path of the tail plate is less than the number of first through holes in the first yarn path of the end plates.

7. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing material includes a surface layer material, and the second cavity is used to guide the surface layer material to form the surface of the cavity. Each of the central regions has a second cavity on both sides in a second direction. The plurality of guide plates include a first plate and a plurality of second plates, wherein the second cavity of the first plate extends along a first direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the preforming mechanism, and the two ends of the two second cavities of the second plate extend in a direction that approaches each other.

8. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The profile includes multiple cavities, the body includes multiple spaced-apart central regions, the cavity further includes a second yarn channel, the reinforcing material includes a wire harness material, the second yarn channel is used to guide the wire harness material, and the second yarn channel is located between two second cavities between two adjacent central regions.

9. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the two second cavities located between the two central regions of the first plate is greater than the distance between the two second cavities located between the two central regions of the second plate. And / or, the second yarn path includes at least one second through hole for guiding the wire harness material, and the number of second through holes included in the second yarn path of the second plate is less than the number of second through holes included in the second yarn path of the first plate.

10. The pultrusion molding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, From the outlet end to the inlet end of the preforming mechanism, on the guide plate closest to the yarn feeding mechanism, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity gradually increases in the thickness direction of the guide plate.

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