A dynamic balancing structure for a press

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal forming and processing technology, specifically disclosing a dynamic balancing structure for a press, comprising: a press body, a drive component, a transmission assembly, a rotating assembly, a balance block, and a stamping assembly; the drive component is mounted on the press body and drives the rotating assembly to rotate via the transmission assembly; the rotating assembly includes a crankshaft, a crank pin, and a crank arm, wherein the eccentricity of the middle part of the crank pin is greater than the eccentricity on both sides, forming an asymmetrical eccentric structure, and the crank arm is hinged to the crank pin; the dynamic balancing structure of this invention uses a customized fan-shaped balance block that rotates synchronously with the crankshaft, which can generate centrifugal inertial force opposite to that of reciprocating motion components such as the crank pin and the lifting piston, effectively counteracting the inertial force and vibration during operation, and significantly reducing the vibration and noise of the entire machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal forming and processing technology, and specifically to a dynamic balancing structure for a press. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in metal forming and processing, presses are widely used in precision manufacturing fields such as automotive parts, hardware products, and electronic appliances. Their operational stability, stamping accuracy, and dynamic performance directly determine the workpiece processing quality and production efficiency. Traditional mechanical presses mostly adopt a symmetrical eccentric crankshaft structure, which converts rotary motion into vertical reciprocating linear motion of a slide block through a crank-connecting rod mechanism to complete the stamping process.

[0003] In actual operation, the moving parts of traditional presses, such as crankshafts, crank pins, connecting rods, and sliders, generate large centrifugal and reciprocating inertial forces during high-speed reciprocating motion. This can easily cause severe vibration and high noise levels in the equipment. Long-term operation will also exacerbate the wear of transmission components, reduce the overall service life and operational safety of the machine. In addition, conventional balancing mechanisms often use simple counterweights, which have insufficient accuracy in inertial force compensation and poor adaptability. They cannot achieve precise dynamic balancing according to different strokes, loads, and speeds. Vibration problems are more prominent under high-speed conditions, which restricts the development of presses towards higher speed and precision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a dynamic balancing structure for a press, aiming to solve the technical problems in related technologies, such as severe vibration, high noise, accelerated wear of transmission components, and decreased machining accuracy caused by the inability to effectively balance inertial forces during high-speed operation of the press.

[0005] The present invention provides a dynamic balancing structure for a press, comprising: a press body, a drive component, a transmission assembly, a rotating assembly, a balance block, and a stamping assembly; The driving component is mounted on the press body, and the driving component drives the rotating component to rotate through the transmission assembly. The rotating assembly includes a crankshaft, a crank pin, and a crank arm. The eccentricity of the middle part of the crank pin is greater than the eccentricity of the two sides, forming an asymmetrical eccentric structure. The crank arm is hinged to the crank pin. The press body has a guide sleeve corresponding to the crank arm fixed inside. A lifting piston is slidably arranged inside the guide sleeve. The end of the crank arm is fixedly connected to the lifting piston, which converts the crankshaft rotation motion into the vertical reciprocating linear motion of the lifting piston. The balance block is a customized fan-shaped structure, which is fixedly installed on the crankshaft and rotates synchronously with the crankshaft to counteract the centrifugal inertial force of the crankshaft. The stamping assembly is connected to the lifting piston, and relies on the asymmetric eccentricity to form a step-by-step motion trajectory in which the two sides are positioned first and the middle is stamped later.

[0006] Preferably, the driving component is a servo motor, and the transmission assembly includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a synchronous toothed belt. The driving pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the servo motor, the driven pulley is mounted on the crankshaft, and the synchronous toothed belt is wound around the outside of the driving pulley and the driven pulley to transmit power.

[0007] Preferably, the number of crank pins is four and they are symmetrically distributed around the crankshaft, corresponding to four crank arms, four guide sleeves and four lifting plungers.

[0008] Preferably, the balance block is fastened to the crankshaft by mounting bolts, the threaded section of the mounting bolts is coated with thread-locking agent, and the mounting angle of the balance block can be finely adjusted.

[0009] Preferably, the stamping assembly includes a first connecting part, a second connecting part, a positioning part, and a stamping part. The first connecting part is in spherical contact with the lower end of the middle lifting piston. The second connecting part is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two side lifting pistons. The positioning part is fixed below the second connecting part, and the stamping part is fixed below the first connecting part.

[0010] Preferably, the press body is provided with a protective shell, the protective shell is provided with a transparent window, and a waste discharge channel is reserved at the bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the drive component is provided with a protective railing and a protective cover on the outside, and the inner wall of the protective cover is pasted with a layer of sound-absorbing cotton.

[0012] Preferably, the crank arm and the guide sleeve are in clearance fit, and the mating surfaces are precision ground and coated with high-temperature resistant grease.

[0013] Preferably, the crankshaft is forged from alloy structural steel and subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, and the main journal is supported on the press body by a precision tapered roller bearing.

[0014] Preferably, the balance block can be adapted to the dynamic balance requirements of different stamping frequencies and load conditions by adding or removing counterweights or adjusting the installation phase angle.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: A customized fan-shaped balance block rotates synchronously with the crankshaft. Its center of mass and installation angle are precisely matched, which can generate centrifugal inertial force opposite to that of reciprocating motion components such as crank pins and lifting pistons. This effectively counteracts the inertial force and vibration during operation, significantly reducing the vibration and noise of the whole machine and ensuring stability under high-speed operation.

[0016] By adopting an asymmetric eccentric crankshaft structure, the stamping assembly forms an asymmetric motion trajectory with a long stroke in the middle and a short stroke on both sides. This enables a step-by-step operation of positioning first and then stamping. The positioning parts on both sides first clamp and fix the workpiece, and then the middle stamping part accurately completes the stamping. This effectively avoids workpiece offset, warping and burr defects, and significantly improves stamping accuracy and finished product consistency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows an enlarged view of part A.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of the rotating component, the balance block, and the stamping component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label: 10. Press body; 11. Protective shell; 20. Drive component; 21. Guardrail; 22. Protective cover; 30. Transmission assembly; 40. Rotating assembly; 401. Crankshaft; 402. Crank pin; 403. Crank arm; 41. Guide sleeve; 42. Lifting piston; 50. Balance block; 51. Mounting bolt; 60. Stamping assembly; 601. Connecting part one; 602. Connecting part two; 603. Stamping part; 604. Positioning part; 70. Stamping area. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a dynamic balancing structure for a press according to the present invention includes a press body 10, a drive component 20, a transmission component 30, a rotating component 40, a balance block 50, a stamping component 60, and a stamping area 70. The drive component 20 is disposed on the press body 10 and can drive the rotating component 40 to rotate relative to the press body 10 through the transmission component 30. The balance block 50 is fixedly installed on the rotating component 40 and can rotate synchronously with the rotating component 40 to counteract the centrifugal inertial force generated by the rotating component 40 during rotation. The stamping component 60 can slide vertically back and forth as the rotating component 40 rotates to stamp the workpiece in the stamping area 70.

[0025] The press body 10 is equipped with a protective shell 11, which not only protects the precision transmission components inside the press from dust and oil, but also effectively isolates the noise and flying metal debris generated during the stamping process, creating a safer and cleaner working environment for the operators. The protective shell 11 is welded from high-strength steel plates and the surface is treated with anti-rust spraying. Its side wall has a transparent window for easy observation of the internal operating status. The bottom of the press body 10 has a channel for waste material discharge.

[0026] The drive component 20 uses a high-power servo motor, which is fastened to the mounting base on the top of the press body 10 by bolts. The motor output shaft is arranged downward and forms a drive connection with the transmission component 30. The transmission component 30 includes a drive pulley, a driven pulley, and a synchronous toothed belt wound between the two. The drive pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the driven pulley is fitted on the upper end of the rotating component 40. The high transmission accuracy and anti-slip characteristics of the toothed belt ensure the smoothness and accuracy of power transmission.

[0027] The drive unit 20 is equipped with a protective railing 21 and a protective cover 22. The protective railing 21 is used to enclose and form a safe isolation area to prevent operators from accidentally entering the working range of the drive unit 20 during equipment operation and to avoid contact with the high-speed rotating pulleys and transmission belts, which could cause mechanical injury. The protective railing 21 is made of rectangular steel pipes welded into a frame structure, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the engine body by expansion bolts. The protective cover 22 is placed on the outside of the drive pulley, driven pulley and synchronous toothed belt, and the inner wall is lined with a sound-absorbing cotton layer to reduce transmission noise.

[0028] The rotating assembly 40 includes a crankshaft 401, four crank pins 402, and four crank arms 403. The crank pins 402 are disposed on the circumferential surface of the crankshaft 401, and the crank arms 403 are hinged to the crank pins 402. Four guide sleeves 41 corresponding to the crank arms 403 are disposed below the crankshaft 401. The guide sleeves 41 are fixedly connected inside the press body 10. The ends of the crank arms 403 are slidably fitted inside the guide sleeves 41. Lifting plungers 42, fixedly connected to the ends of the crank arms 403, are slidably connected inside the guide sleeves 41. When the crankshaft 401 rotates, the crank pins 402 drive the crank arms 403 to perform circular motion around the center of the crankshaft 401. Due to the constraint of the guide sleeves 41 on the ends of the crank arms 403, the circular motion... The motion is converted into reciprocating linear motion of the lifting piston 42 within the guide sleeve 41. The four crank pins 402 are symmetrically distributed on the circumference of the crankshaft 401. The eccentricity of the two middle crank pins 402 is greater than that of the two side crank pins 402, resulting in a greater reciprocating stroke of the two middle crank arms 403 than that of the two side crank arms 403. This creates a height difference between the four lifting pistons 42. The length of the crank arm 403 and the eccentricity of the crank pin 402 are precisely calculated and matched to ensure that the stroke of the lifting piston 42 meets the working requirements of the press slide. At the same time, the crank arm 403 and the guide sleeve 41 are fitted with a clearance fit. The mating surfaces are precision ground and coated with high-temperature resistant grease to reduce the coefficient of friction and ensure smooth movement.

[0029] It should be noted that the rotating assembly 40, as the core motion mechanism of the present invention, has a crankshaft 401 made of alloy structural steel forged and heat-treated, which has excellent fatigue strength and wear resistance. The main journal of the crankshaft 401 is supported in the bearing seat of the press body 10 by a pair of precision tapered roller bearings. A spacer is provided between the two bearings to adjust the axial clearance. The crank pin 402 is eccentrically set at the crank part of the crankshaft 401, and its eccentricity is precisely machined according to the design requirements of the stamping stroke.

[0030] The balance blocks 50 are fixedly connected to the crankshaft 401 and are provided in multiple ways. The balance blocks 50 are fan-shaped and their center of mass position is precisely calculated to generate centrifugal inertial force that balances the inertial force of reciprocating components such as crank pin 402 and lifting piston 42. The balance blocks 50 are symmetrically fastened to the crankshaft 401 by four sets of high-strength mounting bolts 51. The threaded sections of the mounting bolts 51 are coated with thread locking agent to prevent loosening under high-speed rotation. The installation angle of the balance blocks 50 can be finely adjusted according to the actual working conditions. By adding or removing counterweights or adjusting the installation phase angle, dynamic balance optimization under different stamping frequencies and load conditions can be achieved.

[0031] The stamping assembly 60 includes a first connecting part 601, a second connecting part 602, a positioning part 604, and a stamping part 603. The first connecting part 601 forms a spherical contact with the ball heads at the lower ends of the two middle lifting plungers 42, allowing for slight angular self-adaptation during the stamping process. The second connecting part 602 is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two side lifting plungers 42 by circumferentially distributed screws. The positioning part 604 is fixedly connected below the second connecting part 602 and engages with the corresponding guide holes in the stamping area 70 to ensure the stability of stamping accuracy. The stamping part 603 is fixedly connected below the first connecting part 601 and is a replaceable stamping part. The head or mold insert is made of high-speed steel or hard alloy depending on the material properties of the workpiece being processed. When the crankshaft 401 rotates, the eccentricity of the two middle crank pins 402 is greater than that of the two side crank pins 402, which makes the stroke amplitude of the two middle lifting pistons 42 significantly greater than that of the side lifting pistons 42, forming an asymmetrical stamping motion trajectory with a low middle and high sides. This differentiated stroke design allows the stamping assembly 60 to contact the workpiece simultaneously during the downward movement. The crankshaft 401 continues to rotate, the positioning parts 604 on both sides position and fix the workpiece, and the stamping part 603 in the middle continues to move downward to stamp the workpiece.

[0032] The stamping area 70 is used to place the workpiece and provide the support and guidance required for the stamping operation.

[0033] Working principle: This press transforms rotary motion into asymmetric reciprocating linear stamping through drive, transmission, and rotation linkage, and relies on the balance block 50 to counteract inertial force, thus achieving stable and high-precision stamping. A high-power servo motor serves as the driving component 20, which drives the active pulley to rotate. The driven pulley is then driven by the synchronous toothed belt, which smoothly transmits the power to the crankshaft 401, ensuring rotational accuracy and slip-free transmission. When the crankshaft 401 rotates, the symmetrically distributed crank pins 402 drive the crank arm 403 to make a circular motion; the end of the crank arm 403 is constrained by the guide sleeve 41, which converts the circular motion into the vertical reciprocating linear motion of the lifting piston 42. The two crank pins 402 in the middle of the crankshaft 401 have a larger eccentricity, which makes the stroke of the middle lifting piston 42 significantly longer than that on both sides, forming an asymmetrical stroke with a longer middle and shorter sides, providing a motion basis for positioning first and then stamping. In the initial downward movement, the stamping assembly 60 makes full contact with the workpiece. As it continues to move downward, the lifting pistons 42 on both sides drive the positioning part 604 to position and fix the workpiece. In the final stamping stage, the middle lifting piston 42 drives the stamping part 603 to continue to move downward, completing the precise stamping process. The fan-shaped balance block 50, which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft 401, generates a centrifugal inertial force that is opposite to that of the reciprocating components such as the crank pin 402 and the lifting piston 42. This counteracts the centrifugal inertial force and vibration during operation, ensuring stable high-speed operation and reducing noise.

[0034] Matters not covered in this invention are common knowledge.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic balancing structure for a press, characterized in that, include: The press body (10), drive unit (20), transmission assembly (30), rotating assembly (40), balance block (50) and stamping assembly (60); The driving component (20) is mounted on the press body (10), and the driving component (20) drives the rotating component (40) to rotate through the transmission component (30); The rotating assembly (40) includes a crankshaft (401), a crank pin (402) and a crank arm (403). The eccentricity of the middle part of the crank pin (402) is greater than the eccentricity on both sides, forming an asymmetrical eccentric structure. The crank arm (403) is hinged to the crank pin (402). The press body (10) is fixed with a guide sleeve (41) corresponding to the crank arm (403). A lifting piston (42) is slidably arranged in the guide sleeve (41). The end of the crank arm (403) is fixedly connected to the lifting piston (42), so as to convert the rotational motion of the crankshaft (401) into the vertical reciprocating linear motion of the lifting piston (42). The balance block (50) is a customized fan-shaped structure, which is fixedly installed on the crankshaft (401) and rotates synchronously with the crankshaft (401) to counteract the centrifugal inertial force of the crankshaft (401); The stamping assembly (60) is connected to the lifting piston (42), and forms a step-by-step motion trajectory with positioning on both sides first and stamping in the middle based on the asymmetric eccentricity.

2. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component (20) is a servo motor, and the transmission assembly (30) includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous toothed belt. The driving pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the servo motor, the driven pulley is mounted on the crankshaft (401), and the synchronous toothed belt is wrapped around the outside of the driving pulley and the driven pulley to transmit power.

3. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of crank pins (402) is four and they are symmetrically distributed around the crankshaft (401), and four crank arms (403), four guide sleeves (41) and four lifting pistons (42) are provided accordingly.

4. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balance block (50) is fastened to the crankshaft (401) by mounting bolts (51). The threaded section of the mounting bolts (51) is coated with thread locking agent, and the mounting angle of the balance block (50) can be finely adjusted.

5. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stamping assembly (60) includes a first connecting part (601), a second connecting part (602), a positioning part (604), and a stamping part (603). The first connecting part (601) is in spherical contact with the lower end of the middle lifting piston (42). The second connecting part (602) is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two side lifting pistons (42). The positioning part (604) is fixed below the second connecting part (602). The stamping part (603) is fixed below the first connecting part (601).

6. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press body (10) is provided with a protective shell (11), the protective shell (11) is provided with a transparent window, and a waste discharge channel is reserved at the bottom.

7. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit (20) is provided with a protective railing (21) and a protective cover (22) on the outside, and the inner wall of the protective cover (22) is pasted with a sound-absorbing cotton layer.

8. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crank arm (403) and the guide sleeve (41) are in clearance fit, and the mating surfaces are precision ground and coated with high-temperature resistant grease.

9. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crankshaft (401) is forged from alloy structural steel and heat-treated. The main journal is supported on the press body (10) by a precision tapered roller bearing.

10. The dynamic balancing structure of a press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balance block (50) can be adjusted by adding or removing counterweights or by adjusting the installation phase angle to meet the dynamic balance requirements of different stamping frequencies and load conditions.

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