An 80w-90 locomotive gear oil and its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, and discloses an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, its preparation method, and its application. Based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, it contains 50wt%~90wt% coal-based base oil, 5wt%~20wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~7wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~3wt% antioxidant, 0.1wt%~0.7wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.04wt% antifoaming agent, 0.05wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~8wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~1wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.02wt%~0.3wt% demulsifier. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil exhibits excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties, load-bearing capacity, pitting corrosion resistance, low-temperature fluidity, and thermal oxidation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, specifically to an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-speed railways, higher requirements have been placed on the load-bearing capacity of high-speed locomotive traction gears. High-speed railway locomotive traction gearboxes transmit large amounts of power and operate at high circumferential speeds, demanding high gear load-bearing capacity and maintaining good performance in both cold and high-temperature environments. In recent years, a crucial measure adopted by many industrialized countries to improve gear load-bearing capacity has been the use of high-quality, high-performance lubricating oils. To adapt to the working conditions of high-speed locomotive traction gears, high-speed traction gear oils must not only possess the performance characteristics of general transmission gear oils but also have sufficient extreme pressure performance, good low-temperature fluidity, good thermal oxidation stability, demulsibility, and anti-foaming ability. For energy conservation, viscosity should be reduced as much as possible while ensuring oil film load-bearing capacity. In the actual operation of high-speed railway locomotives, problems caused by insufficient lubrication typically include: wavy indentations (mild wavy wear) on the pinion tooth surface, wear on tapered roller bearings, and contamination inside the gear transmission device and on the oil level gauge. To ensure the safe operation of locomotives, the oil must maintain excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties, load-bearing capacity, and anti-pitting corrosion performance under harsh conditions such as high-speed impact and high torque. The normal operating oil temperature of the gearbox is around 90℃, and the instantaneous temperature of the gear surface may reach 120℃. To ensure that the oil can meet the oil change cycle requirements of locomotive operation and maintenance, the oil must have good oxidation stability. In addition, considering the large span of the locomotive operating lines, the oil must still provide good protection for gears and bearings under extremely cold conditions of -30℃. Therefore, the oil must have excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics and low-temperature fluidity.

[0003] The locomotive gear oil composition of the present invention not only has the general properties of gear oils such as good viscosity-temperature characteristics, demulsibility, anti-foaming properties, rust and corrosion prevention, and extreme pressure wear resistance, but also has high load-bearing capacity, which can meet the lubrication requirements when the traction power of railway locomotives increases. It has an ultra-long oil change mileage of 60Wkm, which can effectively extend the service life and oil change cycle of railway locomotive traction gearboxes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, its preparation method, and its application. This 80W-90 locomotive gear oil exhibits excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties, as well as superior load-bearing capacity, pitting resistance, low-temperature fluidity, thermal oxidation stability, demulsification, and anti-foaming ability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, which, based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, contains 50wt%~90wt% coal-based base oil, 5wt%~20wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~7wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~3wt% antioxidant, 0.1wt%~0.7wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.04wt% antifoaming agent, 0.05wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~8wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~1wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.02wt%~0.3wt% demulsifier, wherein the synthetic ester is a diester and / or a composite ester; The coal-based base oil is a combination of coal-based PAO6 base oil and coal-based PAO100 base oil, and the weight ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil is 1~2:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 4~8 mm at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥130, flash point ≥210℃, pour point ≤-51℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg; The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 80~120 mmHg at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥170, flash point ≥240℃, pour point ≤-30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg.

[0006] Preferably, based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil contains 70wt%~85wt% coal-based base oil, 6wt%~15wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~3wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~1wt% antioxidant, 0.2wt%~0.5wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.005wt% antifoaming agent, 5wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~3wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~0.8wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.08wt%~1.2wt% demulsifier.

[0007] Preferably, the physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 5-7 mm at 100°C. 2 / s, viscosity index is 130~170, flash point is 210~250℃.

[0008] Preferably, the physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 90~110 mmHg at 100°C. 2 / s, viscosity index is 170~220, flash point is 240~290℃.

[0009] Preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the synthetic ester at 40°C is 10~40 mm. 2 / s.

[0010] Preferably, the diester is selected from at least one of azelaic acid ester, azelaic acid ester, and sebacic acid ester; Preferably, the composite ester is selected from at least one of trimellitate, trimethylolpropane ester and dipentaerythritol ester.

[0011] Preferably, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agents, and borate extreme pressure anti-wear agents.

[0012] Preferably, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of isobutylene sulfide, dibenzyl disulfide, polyalkylbenzyl sulfide, and polysulfides.

[0013] Preferably, the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of ammonium phosphate, acidic phosphate ester, alkyl phosphite ester, and aryl phosphite ester.

[0014] Preferably, the metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of dialkyl dithiophosphate, dialkyl dithiocarbamate, and lead naphthenate.

[0015] Preferably, the borate extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of hexadecyl borate, calcium hexadecyl thioborate, and sodium borate colloidal solution.

[0016] Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from at least one of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, and compound antioxidants.

[0017] Preferably, the phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, sterically hindered phenolic derivatives, and liquid high molecular weight phenol.

[0018] Preferably, the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of dioctyldiphenylamine, alkylated phenylmethylamine, and dioctyldiphenylamine.

[0019] Preferably, the composite antioxidant is selected from any one of the following: a mixture of amine antioxidants, a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight benzene antioxidants, and a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight phenol antioxidants.

[0020] Preferably, the pour point depressant is selected from at least one of alkylnaphthalene, polymethacrylate and poly(α-olefin).

[0021] Preferably, the viscosity index improver is selected from polyisobutylene and / or olefin copolymers.

[0022] Preferably, the rust inhibitor is selected from at least one of calcium sulfonate, zinc naphthenate, succinate half-ester derivatives, and amine-neutralized fatty alcohol sulfonate half-esters.

[0023] Preferably, the demulsifier is a tetraoxypropylene derivative and / or an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer.

[0024] Preferably, the antifoaming agent is selected from at least one of silicone-based antifoaming agents, non-silicone-based antifoaming agents, and composite antifoaming agents.

[0025] Preferably, the silicone-type antifoaming agent is dimethicone oil.

[0026] Preferably, the non-silicone antifoaming agent is selected from at least one of the following: homopolymers of acrylates, homopolymers of methacrylates, and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates.

[0027] Preferably, the metal deactivator is a benzotriazole derivative and / or a thiadiazole derivative.

[0028] Preferably, the benzotriazole derivative is selected from at least one of benzotriazole, methyltriazole, and methyltriazole derivatives.

[0029] Preferably, the thiadiazole derivative is a dimercaptothiadiazole derivative.

[0030] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil provided in the first aspect of the present invention. The method includes: mixing coal-based PAO6 base oil, coal-based PAO100 base oil, synthetic ester, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, antioxidant, rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, pour point depressant, antifoaming agent, viscosity index improver and deemulsifier at 55~65°C for 60~90 min under stirring conditions.

[0031] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil provided in the first aspect of the present invention in the lubrication of locomotive traction gears.

[0032] The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil of this invention improves the extreme pressure anti-wear properties, load-bearing capacity, and anti-pitting corrosion performance of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil by optimizing the combination of coal-based base oil and various additives. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil also has excellent low-temperature fluidity, thermal oxidation stability, demulsification and anti-foaming ability. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following provides a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0035] The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil of this invention, based on its total weight, contains 50wt%~90wt% coal-based base oil, 5wt%~20wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~7wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~3wt% antioxidant, 0.1wt%~0.7wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.04wt% antifoaming agent, 0.05wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~8wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~1wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.02wt%~0.3wt% demulsifier, wherein the synthetic ester is a diester and / or a composite ester; The coal-based base oil is a combination of coal-based PAO6 base oil and coal-based PAO100 base oil, and the weight ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil is 1~2:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 4~8 mm at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥130, flash point ≥210℃, pour point ≤-51℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg; The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 80~120 mmHg at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥170, flash point ≥240℃, pour point ≤-30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil contains 70wt%~85wt% coal-based base oil, 6wt%~15wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~3wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~1wt% antioxidant, 0.2wt%~0.5wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.005wt% antifoaming agent, 1wt%~5wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~3wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~0.8wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.08wt%~1.2wt% demulsifier.

[0037] More preferably, based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil contains 81wt%~83wt% coal-based base oil, 6wt%~8wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~2.8wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~0.8wt% antioxidant, 0.2wt%~0.3wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.003wt% antifoaming agent, 3wt%~5wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~2wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~0.6wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.08wt%~1wt% demulsifier.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 5-7 mm at 100°C. 2 / s, viscosity index is 130~170, flash point is 210~250℃.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 90~110 mmHg at 100°C. 2 / s, viscosity index is 170~220, flash point is 240~290℃.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil is 1.5 to 1.8:1. In this invention, the kinematic viscosity of the synthetic ester at 40°C can be 10~40 mm. 2 / s. In a preferred embodiment, the diester is selected from at least one of azelaic acid ester, azelaic acid ester, and sebacic acid ester, more preferably sebacic acid ester; the composite ester is selected from at least one of trimellitate, trimethylolpropane ester, and dipentaerythritol ester, more preferably dipentaerythritol ester.

[0041] In this invention, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent can be at least one of sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agents, and borate extreme pressure anti-wear agents.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of isobutylene sulfide, dibenzyl disulfide, polyalkylbenzyl sulfide, and polysulfides.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of ammonium phosphate, acidic phosphate ester, alkyl phosphite ester, and aryl phosphite ester.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of dialkyl dithiophosphate, dialkyl dithiocarbamate, and lead naphthenate.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the borate extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of hexadecyl borate, calcium hexadecyl thioborate, and sodium borate colloidal solution.

[0046] In some embodiments, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent can be a sulfurized olefin. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to the embodiments has better compatibility of each component, which can improve the anti-wear performance of metals during application and make them less susceptible to corrosion.

[0047] In other embodiments, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent can be a sodium borate colloidal solution. The components in the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to the embodiments have better compatibility, which can improve the anti-wear performance of metals during application and make them less susceptible to corrosion.

[0048] In other embodiments, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent can be a combination of sulfurized olefins and sodium borate colloidal solution, and the weight ratio of sulfurized olefins to sodium borate colloidal solution is 1 to 5:1. The components of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to the embodiments have better compatibility, which can improve the anti-wear performance of metals during application and make them less susceptible to corrosion.

[0049] In this invention, the antioxidant can be at least one of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, and compound antioxidants.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, sterically hindered phenolic derivatives, and liquid high molecular weight phenol.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of dioctyl diphenylamine, alkylated phenylmethylamine, and dioctyl diphenylamine.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the composite antioxidant is selected from any one of the following: a mixture of amine antioxidants, a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight benzene antioxidants, and a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight phenol antioxidants.

[0053] In some embodiments, the antioxidant may be alkyl diphenylamine. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to the embodiments can effectively improve the oxidation resistance of metals, thereby reducing metal corrosion.

[0054] In other embodiments, the antioxidant may be a combination of alkyl diphenylamine and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, and the weight ratio of alkyl diphenylamine to 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is 1 to 2:1. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to the embodiments can effectively improve the oxidation resistance of metals, thereby reducing metal corrosion.

[0055] In this invention, the pour point depressant can be at least one of alkylnaphthalene, polymethacrylate and poly(α-olefin).

[0056] In some embodiments, the pour point depressant may be polymethacrylate.

[0057] In other embodiments, the pour point depressant may be a poly(α-olefin).

[0058] In other embodiments, the pour point depressant may be a combination of polymethacrylate and poly(α-olefin), and the weight ratio of the polymethacrylate to the poly(α-olefin) is 1 to 2:1.

[0059] In this invention, the viscosity index improver can be a polyisobutylene and / or an olefin copolymer.

[0060] In some embodiments, the viscosity index improver may be polyisobutylene.

[0061] In other embodiments, the viscosity index improver may be an olefin copolymer.

[0062] In other embodiments, the viscosity index improver may be a combination of an olefin copolymer and polyisobutylene, wherein the weight ratio of the olefin copolymer to the polyisobutylene is 1 to 2:1.

[0063] In this invention, the rust inhibitor may be at least one of calcium sulfonate, zinc naphthenate, succinate half-ester derivatives, and amine-neutralized fatty alcohol sulfonate half-esters.

[0064] In some embodiments, the rust inhibitor may be a fatty acid amine.

[0065] In other embodiments, the rust inhibitor may be calcium sulfonate.

[0066] In other embodiments, the rust inhibitor may be a combination of fatty acid amine and calcium sulfonate, and the weight ratio of the fatty acid amine to calcium sulfonate is 2-3:1. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil prepared according to this embodiment can effectively reduce rust on metal surfaces.

[0067] In this invention, the demulsifier may be a tetraoxypropylene derivative and / or an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer.

[0068] In some embodiments, the demulsifier may be a tetraoxypropylene derivative.

[0069] In other embodiments, the demulsifier may be an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer.

[0070] In other embodiments, the demulsifier may be a combination of a tetraoxypropylene derivative and an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, wherein the weight ratio of the tetraoxypropylene derivative to the ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer is 1 to 2:1.

[0071] In this invention, the antifoaming agent can be at least one of silicone-based antifoaming agents, non-silicone-based antifoaming agents, and composite antifoaming agents.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the silicone-type antifoaming agent is dimethicone oil.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the non-silicone antifoaming agent is selected from at least one of homopolymers of acrylates, homopolymers of methacrylates, and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the composite antifoaming agent can be a combination of a silicone-based antifoaming agent and a non-silicone-based antifoaming agent, more preferably a combination of a copolymer of methacrylates and dimethicone, wherein the ratio of the copolymer of methacrylates to dimethicone is 1 to 2:1. In these preferred embodiments, when the composite antifoaming agent is of the above-mentioned type and within the above-mentioned ratio range, the antifoaming agent is well-compatible with the coal-based base oil, and the prepared 80W-90 locomotive gear oil can more effectively reduce foam generation.

[0075] In this invention, the metal deactivator can be a benzotriazole derivative and / or a thiadiazole derivative.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the benzotriazole derivative is selected from at least one of benzotriazole, methyltriazole, and methyltriazole derivatives.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the thiadiazole derivative is a dimercaptothiadiazole derivative.

[0078] The method for producing 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to the present invention includes: mixing coal-based PAO6 base oil, coal-based PAO100 base oil, synthetic ester, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, antioxidant, rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, pour point depressant, antifoaming agent, viscosity index improver and deemulsifier at 55~65℃ for 60~90min under stirring conditions.

[0079] The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil described in this invention can be used in the lubrication process of locomotive traction gears.

[0080] The following examples further illustrate the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, its preparation method, and its application according to the present invention. These examples are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0081] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art.

[0082] PAO6 coal-based base oil is obtained from C9-C11 α-olefin-rich products produced by indirect coal liquefaction through boron trifluoride catalytic polymerization, catalyst separation, alkaline washing and water washing, hydrorefining and separation. PAO100 coal-based base oil is prepared by indirect coal liquefaction of C9-C11 α-olefin-rich products via metallocene catalyst, followed by quenching separation, hydrorefining, and product separation.

[0083] Unless otherwise specified, all experimental materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0084] Example 1 81.82 parts of coal-based base oil, 12 parts of complex ester (pentaerythritol ester), 2.5 parts of sulfurized olefin (sulfurized isobutylene), 0.6 parts of alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.3 parts of polymethacrylate (molecular weight approximately 6000), 0.0015 parts of acrylate copolymer (copolymer of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylate, molecular weight approximately 500), 8 parts of toluenetriazole, 2 parts of olefin copolymer (ethylene-octene copolymer), 0.6 parts of fatty acid amine (distearate), and 0.1 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000) were mixed and stirred at 60°C for 80 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 1.7:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 6 mmHg at 100°C. 2The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 100 mmHg at 100℃. 2 The resulting 80W-90 locomotive gear oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. It is designated as A1.

[0085] Example 2 90 parts of coal-based base oil, 5.829 parts of complex ester (pentaerythritol ester), 2 parts of sulfurized olefin (sulfurized isobutylene), 0.5 parts of alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.1 parts of polymethacrylate (molecular weight approximately 6000), 0.001 parts of acrylate copolymer (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylate copolymer, molecular weight approximately 500), 0.05 parts of toluenetriazole, 1 part of olefin copolymer (ethylene-octene copolymer), 0.5 parts of fatty acid amine (distearate), and 0.02 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000) were mixed and stirred at 65°C for 60 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 2:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 8 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: viscosity index 130, flash point 210℃, pour point -51℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg; kinematic viscosity at 100℃ is 120 mmHg. 2 The resulting 80W-90 locomotive gear oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. This oil is designated A2.

[0086] Example 3 60 parts of coal-based base oil, 20 parts of complex ester (pentaerythritol ester), 7 parts of sulfurized olefin (sulfurized isobutylene), 3 parts of alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.7 parts of polymethacrylate (molecular weight approximately 6000), 0.04 parts of acrylate copolymer (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylate copolymer, molecular weight approximately 500), 0.1 parts of toluenetriazole, 8 parts of olefin copolymer (ethylene-octene copolymer), 1 part of fatty acid amine (distearate), and 0.3 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000) were mixed and stirred at 50°C for 90 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 2.5:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 4 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 80 mmHg at 100℃. 2 The oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. This yields an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, denoted as A3.

[0087] Example 4 81.82 parts of coal-based base oil, 12 parts of diester (sebacic acid diester), 2.5 parts of hexadecyl borate, 0.6 parts of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.3 parts of poly(α-olefin) (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.0015 parts of dimethicone, 8 parts of dimercaptothiadiazole, 2 parts of polyisobutylene (molecular weight 1300), 0.6 parts of calcium sulfonate, and 0.1 parts of tetrapolyoxypropylene derivative (molecular weight approximately 1200) were mixed and stirred at 60°C for 80 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 1.7:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 6 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 100 mmHg at 100℃. 2 The oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. This yields an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, denoted as A4.

[0088] Example 5 90 parts of coal-based base oil, 8 parts of complex ester (pentaerythritol ester), 2.5 parts of acidic phosphate ester, 0.3 parts of alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.3 parts of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.3 parts of polymethacrylate (molecular weight approximately 6000), 0.0015 parts of acrylate homopolymer (molecular weight approximately 500), 5 parts of benzotriazole, 2 parts of polyisobutylene (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.6 parts of zinc naphthenate, and 0.1 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000) were mixed and stirred at 60°C for 80 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 1.7:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 6 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 100 mmHg at 100℃. 2 The oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. This yields an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, denoted as A5.

[0089] Example 6 90 parts of coal-based base oil, 8 parts of complex ester (pentaerythritol ester), 2.5 parts of sodium borate colloidal solution, 0.6 parts of alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.3 parts of poly(α-olefin) (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.001 parts of acrylate copolymer (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and methacrylate copolymer, molecular weight approximately 500), 0.0005 parts of dimethicone, 5 parts of toluenetriazole, 2 parts of polyisobutylene (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.6 parts of fatty acid amine (distearate), and 0.1 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000) were mixed and stirred at 60°C for 80 min. The ratio of coal-based PAO6 base oil to coal-based PAO100 base oil was 1.7:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil included a kinematic viscosity of 6 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 100 mmHg at 100℃. 2The oil has the following properties: viscosity index of 170, flash point of 240℃, pour point of -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. This yields an 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, denoted as A6.

[0090] Example 7 The following ingredients were combined: 90 parts coal-based base oil, 8 parts compound ester (pentaerythritol ester), 2 parts sulfurized olefin (sulfurized isobutylene), 0.5 parts sodium borate colloidal solution, 0.4 parts alkyl diphenylamine (diisooctyl diphenylamine), 0.2 parts 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.2 parts polymethacrylate (molecular weight approximately 6000), 0.1 parts polyα-olefin (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.001 parts acrylate copolymer (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and methacrylate copolymer, molecular weight approximately 500), 0.0005 parts dimethicone, 5 parts toluenetriazole, and 1 part olefin copolymer (… The mixture comprises 1 part polyisobutylene (molecular weight approximately 1100), 0.4 parts fatty acid amine (distearate), 0.2 parts calcium sulfonate, 0.05 parts tetraoxypropylene derivative (molecular weight approximately 1200), and 0.05 parts ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (molecular weight approximately 1000), and stirred at 60°C for 80 min. The ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil is 1.7:1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include a kinematic viscosity of 6 mmHg at 100°C. 2 The coal-based PAO100 base oil has the following physical and chemical properties: a viscosity index of 130, a flash point of 210℃, a pour point of -51℃, a total saturated hydrocarbon content of 99.9%, a total aromatic hydrocarbon content of 0.1%, and a sulfur content of 1 mg / kg. The physicochemical properties of the base oil include: a kinematic viscosity of 100 mmHg at 100℃. 2 The resulting 80W-90 locomotive gear oil has the following properties: viscosity index 170, flash point 240℃, pour point -30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content 99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content 0.1%, and sulfur content 1 mg / kg. It is designated as A7.

[0091] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example was carried out according to the method described in Example 1, except that no viscosity index improver was added. An 80W-90 locomotive gear oil was obtained, denoted as D-A1.

[0092] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example was carried out according to the method described in Example 1, except that antioxidants and pour point depressants were not added. An 80W-90 locomotive gear oil was obtained, denoted as D-A2.

[0093] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example was carried out according to the method described in Example 1, except that the coal-based base oil was replaced with equal amounts of CTL10 and PAO150, and the weight ratio of CTL10 to PAO150 was 1:1. The resulting 80W-90 locomotive gear oil was designated D-A3.

[0094] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example was carried out according to the method described in Example 1, except that the weight ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil was 3:1. The resulting 80W-90 locomotive gear oil was designated D-A4.

[0095] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example was carried out according to the method described in Example 1, except that the amount of coal-based base oil used was 55 parts and the amount of synthetic ester used was 37 parts. An 80W-90 locomotive gear oil was obtained, denoted as D-A5.

[0096] Comparative Example 6 7.43 kg of base oil, 1.32 kg of compounding agent, 0.15 kg of acrylate polymer solution with a concentration of 40%–70%, 0.9 kg of olefin copolymer, 0.2 kg of dithiophosphate derivative, and 5 mL of No. 1 composite antifoaming agent were sequentially added to a mixing container and stirred for 45 minutes. A sample was taken for observation; if it was completely transparent, it was a locomotive gear oil composition. The resulting locomotive gear oil was designated D-A6.

[0097] Test Example 1 This test example characterizes the kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, apparent viscosity, flash point, pour point, foaming properties (foaming tendency), and copper corrosion resistance of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oils A1~A7 and D-A1~D-A6 prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 at 100°C.

[0098] The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0099] Table 1

[0100] Table 2

[0101] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the locomotive gear oil products blended with coal-based base oil and various additives using this invention have good extreme pressure anti-wear properties, load-bearing capacity, good low-temperature fluidity, good thermal oxidation stability, and anti-foaming ability, which can improve the localization capability of locomotive gear oil.

[0102] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, characterized in that, Based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil contains 50wt%~90wt% coal-based base oil, 5wt%~20wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~7wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~3wt% antioxidant, 0.1wt%~0.7wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.04wt% antifoaming agent, 0.05wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~8wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~1wt% rust inhibitor and 0.02wt%~0.3wt% demulsifier, wherein the synthetic ester is a diester and / or a composite ester; The coal-based base oil is a combination of coal-based PAO6 base oil and coal-based PAO100 base oil, and the weight ratio of the coal-based PAO6 base oil to the coal-based PAO100 base oil is 1~2:

1. The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 4~8 mm at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥130, flash point ≥210℃, pour point ≤-51℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg; The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 80~120 mmHg at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index ≥170, flash point ≥240℃, pour point ≤-30℃, total saturated hydrocarbon content ≥99.9%, total aromatic hydrocarbon content ≤0.1%, sulfur content ≤1mg / kg.

2. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total weight of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil, the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil contains 70wt%~85wt% coal-based base oil, 6wt%~15wt% synthetic ester, 2wt%~3wt% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5wt%~1wt% antioxidant, 0.2wt%~0.5wt% pour point depressant, 0.001wt%~0.005wt% antifoaming agent, 5wt%~10wt% metal deactivator, 1wt%~3wt% viscosity index improver, 0.5wt%~0.8wt% rust inhibitor, and 0.08wt%~1.2wt% demulsifier; and / or, The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO6 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 5~7 mm at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index of 130~170, flash point of 210~250℃; and / or, The physicochemical properties of the coal-based PAO100 base oil include: kinematic viscosity of 90~110 mmHg at 100℃. 2 / s, viscosity index is 170~220, flash point is 240~290℃.

3. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The kinematic viscosity of the synthetic ester at 40°C is 10~40 mm. 2 / s; Preferably, the diester is selected from at least one of azelaic acid ester, azelaic acid ester, and sebacic acid ester; Preferably, the composite ester is selected from at least one of trimellitate, trimethylolpropane ester and dipentaerythritol ester.

4. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents, metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agents, and borate extreme pressure anti-wear agents; Preferably, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of isobutylene sulfide, dibenzyl disulfide, polyalkylbenzyl sulfide, and polysulfides; Preferably, the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of ammonium phosphate, acidic phosphate ester, alkyl phosphite ester, and aryl phosphite ester; Preferably, the metal salt extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of dialkyl dithiophosphate, dialkyl dithiocarbamate, and lead naphthenate; Preferably, the borate extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from at least one of hexadecyl borate, calcium hexadecyl thioborate, and sodium borate colloidal solution.

5. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The antioxidant is selected from at least one of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, and compound antioxidants; Preferably, the phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, sterically hindered phenolic derivatives, and liquid high molecular weight phenol; Preferably, the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of dioctyldiphenylamine, alkylated phenylmethylamine, and p-phenylenediamine derivatives; Preferably, the composite antioxidant is selected from any one of the following: a mixture of amine antioxidants, a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight benzene antioxidants, and a combination of amine antioxidants and high molecular weight phenol antioxidants.

6. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pour point depressant is selected from at least one of alkylnaphthalene, polymethacrylate, and poly(α-olefin); and / or, The viscosity index improver is selected from polyisobutylene and / or olefin copolymers; and / or, The rust inhibitor is selected from at least one of calcium sulfonate, zinc naphthenate, succinate half-ester derivatives, and amine-neutralized fatty alcohol sulfonate half-esters; and / or, The demulsifier is a tetraoxypropylene derivative and / or an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer.

7. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The antifoaming agent is selected from at least one of silicone-based antifoaming agents, non-silicone-based antifoaming agents, and composite antifoaming agents; Preferably, the silicone-type antifoaming agent is dimethicone oil; Preferably, the non-silicone antifoaming agent is selected from at least one of the following: homopolymers of acrylates, homopolymers of methacrylates, and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates.

8. The 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The metal deactivator is a benzotriazole derivative and / or a thiadiazole derivative; Preferably, the benzotriazole derivative is selected from at least one of benzotriazole, methyltriazole, and methyltriazole derivatives; Preferably, the thiadiazole derivative is a dimercaptothiadiazole derivative.

9. A method for preparing the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes mixing coal-based PAO6 base oil, coal-based PAO100 base oil, synthetic ester, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, antioxidant, rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, pour point depressant, antifoaming agent, viscosity index improver and deemulsifier at 55~65℃ for 60~90min under stirring conditions.

10. The application of the 80W-90 locomotive gear oil according to any one of claims 1-8 in the lubrication of locomotive traction gears.

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