A health tea containing plant extracts and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of functional food technology, specifically relating to a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts and its preparation method. The health-preserving tea is made from mulberry leaves, astragalus, kudzu root, jujube seed, walnut peptide, carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylanan derivative. The preparation method includes: pulverizing and mixing mulberry leaves, astragalus, kudzu root, and jujube seed; extracting twice under reflux with water; concentrating the combined filtrates to obtain a concentrated solution; adding walnut peptide, carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylanan derivative to the concentrated solution; stirring to obtain a mixed solution; spray drying; mixing with maltodextrin and microcrystalline cellulose; adding an ethanol-water solution to prepare a soft mass; granulating, drying, and sizing. The health-preserving tea of ​​this invention has good stability and high bioavailability, and possesses effects such as lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, and improving sleep.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of functional food technology, specifically relating to a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the fast pace of modern life and increasing work pressure, sub-health has become a prominent problem affecting people worldwide. Data from the World Health Organization shows that over 75% of the global population is in a sub-healthy state, with fatigue, sleep disorders, metabolic imbalances, and decreased immune function being the most common clinical manifestations. Functional health teas, as a type of daily beverage with specific health-regulating effects, have gained widespread attention and increased consumption globally in recent years due to their natural, safe, and convenient characteristics. Mulberry leaves are rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and other active ingredients. Mulberry leaf tea also has various effects such as anti-oxidation, lowering blood pressure, and lowering blood lipids. Its flavonoids, alkaloids, and polysaccharides are a research hotspot in the field of functional foods. Astragalus is a traditional Chinese medicine and food ingredient containing various active components such as astragaloside A, astragalus polysaccharides, and astragalus flavonoids. Astragaloside A protects the integrity of pancreatic and liver cells, alleviates insulin resistance, and lowers blood sugar levels. Astragalus polysaccharides primarily reduce insulin resistance, promote pancreatic islet cell proliferation, and inhibit pancreatic β-cell death. Astragalus flavonoids enhance immunity, have anti-inflammatory effects, regulate glucose metabolism, and control the progression of diabetes. Astragalus also improves intestinal barrier function and immunity by regulating gut microbiota, thereby affecting glucose and lipid metabolism. Puerarin, the main active ingredient in kudzu root, is an isoflavone derivative with multiple effects including regulating blood sugar and lipids, protecting pancreatic β-cells, improving insulin resistance, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant effects, potentially making it a supplement for diabetes and its complications. Puerarin can promote glucose uptake by muscle cells through phosphorylation of AMPK, effectively reducing postprandial blood glucose spikes. Sour jujube seed is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the clinical treatment of insomnia. It has sedative and calming effects and can improve sleep disorders. Its potential active ingredients are mainly saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which can improve sleep by affecting sleep-related neurotransmitters. Walnut peptides, as a high-quality plant protein hydrolysate, possess various biological activities such as antioxidant activity, blood pressure reduction, memory improvement, and regulation of metabolic disorders. Among these, the ACE inhibition rate can reach a relatively high level, demonstrating a good blood pressure-lowering function.

[0003] However, existing health tea products and the application of natural active ingredients still suffer from a series of technical defects, restricting the full realization of their health benefits. First, the stability of active ingredients is poor. Flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic acids in mulberry leaves, astragalus, kudzu root, and jujube seed are sensitive to light, heat, and pH, and are easily degraded and ineffective during conventional processing and storage, leading to a significant decrease in efficacy within the product's shelf life. Currently, mulberry leaf tea processing is still in the exploratory stage; its active ingredient content and efficacy are closely related to the mulberry variety and processing technology, and standardized stabilization methods are lacking. Second, bioavailability is low. Many natural active ingredients have inherent problems such as poor water solubility, large molecular weight, and low intestinal absorption. For example, astragaloside A has limited in vivo therapeutic effects due to poor water solubility; the solubility of astragaloside A under traditional decoction methods is low, severely affecting its oral absorption efficiency. Furthermore, the content of hypoglycemic active ingredients in mulberry leaf extract varies significantly depending on the sample source. Although α-glucosidase inhibition effects have been reported in some samples, the half-inhibition concentration range is wide, indicating that there is still considerable room for improvement in the delivery efficiency and bioavailability of active ingredients. Third, there is a lack of synergistic design. Most existing health tea products are simple mixtures of raw materials, failing to fully consider the synergistic mechanisms between components, and even less so the use of chemical modification to enhance the efficacy of active ingredients at the molecular level. While chemical modification of polysaccharide active ingredients (such as sulfation, phosphorylation, carboxymethylation, and acetylation) has been proven to significantly improve existing biological activity or generate new activities, its application in health tea products is still lacking. Aloe vera acetylmethane, as a natural polymer with good biodegradability and biocompatibility, shows broad application prospects in immunomodulation, anti-tumor activity, and tissue regeneration; however, natural aloe vera polysaccharides also suffer from poor water solubility and insufficient active groups, limiting their full efficacy. Fourth, the composition is complex but the mechanism of action is unclear. Many formulas lack scientific compatibility based on modern pharmacological research, making it difficult to achieve precise dose-response relationships and controllable efficacy. Traditional health tea formulas also have significant limitations in areas such as the bitter taste of some medicinal materials, low dissolution rates of active ingredients, and the inability to meet individual differences due to fixed formulations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a health tea containing plant extracts and a method for preparing the same.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, comprising the following steps: S1. By weight, 10-20 parts of mulberry leaves, 10-15 parts of astragalus, 10-20 parts of kudzu root, and 8-12 parts of jujube seed are pulverized, sieved, and mixed. 80-150 parts of deionized water are added, and the mixture is extracted by reflux in a water bath at 84-86℃ to obtain an extract. The extract is filtered to obtain a residue and filtrate A. The residue is added to 60-120 parts of deionized water, and the mixture is extracted by reflux in a water bath at 84-86℃. The mixture is filtered to obtain filtrate B. Filtrate A and filtrate B are combined to obtain a combined filtrate. The combined filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 58-62℃ to obtain a concentrate. 5-10 parts of walnut peptide, 3-8 parts of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and 3-8 parts of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative are added to the concentrate, and the mixture is stirred at 38-42℃ to obtain a mixed solution. S2. Spray dry the mixture at 58-62℃ and collect the dried powder; mix the dried powder with 8-15 parts of maltodextrin and 3-8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, add an ethanol aqueous solution, stir, and obtain a soft material; sieve the soft material, granulate, dry in an oven at 48-52℃, and sieve again.

[0006] In this invention, the core of the preparation mechanism of the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts lies in the synergistic effect of natural plant components and the physical integration of modern biotechnology. In the initial stage of preparation, hot reflux extraction technology is used to fully dissolve active small molecules such as flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids from mulberry leaves, astragalus, kudzu root, and jujube seed through the thermal motion of water molecules, forming a compound extract. Subsequently, excess water is removed at a lower temperature using vacuum concentration technology, effectively avoiding the oxidative degradation of heat-sensitive components. Based on this, walnut peptides and the aforementioned two highly modified polysaccharide derivatives are introduced into the concentrate. The physical dispersion effect during stirring allows the small molecule peptides, carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylmethane derivatives to be uniformly mixed at the molecular level. The spray drying process transforms the mixture into a stable solid powder through instantaneous high-temperature evaporation. At this point, the active ingredients are embedded in the matrix, forming the precursor of the particles. The final soft material granulation process uses the binding and filling effects of maltodextrin and microcrystalline cellulose to aggregate the fine powder into stable particles.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the stirring time at 38-42°C is 20-40 min.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the drying time in an oven at 48-52°C is 2-4 hours.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex includes: A1. By weight, add 40-60 parts of elderberry fruit powder to 800-1200 parts of deionized water, extract at 88-92℃, centrifuge, concentrate, add 500-800 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and dry to obtain crude polysaccharide; disperse the crude polysaccharide in 80-120 parts of isopropanol, add 40-60 parts of sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, stir at 25-35℃ to obtain a mixture; dissolve 8-12 parts of monochloroacetic acid in 15-25 parts of isopropanol beforehand, add dropwise to the mixture while stirring, and heat to 58-62℃ for reaction; after the reaction is completed, adjust the pH of the solution to 7.0-7.5 by adding glacial acetic acid dropwise under ice bath cooling, dialyze in a dialysis bag, freeze dry to obtain carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt; A2. Carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt is vacuum dried at 58-62℃, then suspended in a mixed solvent containing 40-70 parts anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10-20 parts anhydrous pyridine, and 0.05-0.15 parts 4-dimethylaminopyridine are added. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is cooled to 0-4℃ in an ice-water bath, and 12-18 parts acetic anhydride are added. The ice bath is removed, and the temperature is raised to 48-52℃ with stirring. After the reaction is complete, 80-120 parts ice water are added, followed by pouring into anhydrous ethanol. The mixture is allowed to stand at 0-4℃ to precipitate, centrifuged, and the precipitate is collected. The precipitate is washed first with anhydrous ethanol, and then... Dissolve the polysaccharide in deionized water, adjust the pH to 7.0 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dialyze it in a dialysis bag, and freeze-dry it to obtain carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide. Dissolve the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide in 40-60 parts of phosphate buffer solution with pH=7.2-7.6 to obtain a polysaccharide solution. Dissolve 0.2-0.4 parts of soybean lecithin and 0.08-0.12 parts of cholesterol in 15-25 parts of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a lipid solution. Add the lipid solution dropwise to the polysaccharide solution, stir at 44-46℃, then sonicate in an ice-water bath, filter, and freeze-dry.

[0010] In this invention, the construction of the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex is a continuous process from molecular modification to supramolecular self-assembly. First, the carboxymethylation of elderberry polysaccharide follows the rules of nucleophilic substitution. In the isopropanol system, sodium hydroxide, as a strong base, combines with the hydroxyl groups on the polysaccharide molecular chain to form an alkalized polysaccharide with higher reactivity. Subsequently, monochloroacetic acid, as an etherifying agent, attacks the oxygen atoms on the polysaccharide backbone, removing sodium chloride molecules and introducing negatively charged carboxymethyl groups into the polysaccharide side chain. This step increases the water solubility and charge density of the polysaccharide. The subsequent acetylation reaction takes place in an organic solvent system, using acetic anhydride as an acylating agent under the action of a specific catalyst to convert the residual hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide into acetoxy groups. This modification alters the hydrophobic balance of the polysaccharide, giving it amphiphilic characteristics. Finally, through thin-film dispersion combined with ultrasonic physical action, a lipid bilayer composed of soybean lecithin and cholesterol is used as a carrier to encapsulate or embed the modified polysaccharide into the liposome structure. This liposome complex not only utilizes the bioactivity of polysaccharides, but also enhances the stability and bioavailability of active ingredients through the barrier function of liposomes, achieving targeted delivery and sustained release of nutrients.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A1, the reaction time at 58-62°C is 3-5 hours.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A2, the time for stirring the reaction at 48-52°C is 4-6 hours.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative includes: B1. By weight, homogenize 300-400 parts of aloe vera gel, add 800-1200 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and dry to obtain crude aloe vera polysaccharide; purify the crude aloe vera polysaccharide to obtain purified acetylmannan; vacuum dry the purified acetylmannan at 58-62℃ to obtain dried purified acetylmannan; dissolve the dried purified acetylmannan in a mixture containing 60-80 parts of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 20-40 parts of anhydrous pyridine, and cool to 0-2℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain a mixture; premix 2-4 parts of phosphorus oxychloride and 10-20 parts of anhydrous pyridine, and add dropwise to the mixture while stirring, continue stirring, then add 1-3 parts of triethylamine, remove the ice bath, react at room temperature, raise the temperature to 48-52℃ to continue the reaction, add 40-60 parts of ice water, and adjust the pH to 7.0-7.5 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the reaction solution; B2. Transfer the reaction solution to an ice-water mixture, add sodium bicarbonate, place in a dialysis bag and dialyze in deionized water, then freeze-dry to obtain dried phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan; mix 4-6 parts of chlorosulfonic acid with 10-20 parts of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide at -10~0℃ to obtain a sulfonation complexing reagent; dissolve the dried phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan in a mixed solvent containing 40-60 parts of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10-20 parts of anhydrous pyridine to obtain a polysaccharide solution; add the sulfonation complexing reagent dropwise to the polysaccharide solution in an ice bath at 0-4℃, and react at 38-42℃ to obtain a reaction solution; pour the reaction solution into ice water, add sodium bicarbonate, place in a dialysis bag and dialyze in deionized water, then freeze-dry.

[0014] In this invention, the preparation of the phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylmanomannan derivative involves two consecutive esterification modifications, aiming to enhance its biological effects by introducing highly polar groups. The phosphorylation stage primarily employs the phosphorus oxychloride method. In a low-temperature organic-base system, phosphorus oxychloride acts as a phosphorylating agent, reacting with the hydroxyl groups on acetylmanomannan. During this process, triethylamine acts as an acid absorber, promptly neutralizing the generated hydrogen chloride and shifting the equilibrium towards the formation of phosphate esters, thereby introducing phosphate groups onto the polysaccharide molecule. Subsequently, the sulfonation reaction stage utilizes a complexing agent formed from chlorosulfonic acid and dimethylformamide as a highly efficient sulfonation donor. Under ice bath conditions, this complexing agent mildly attacks the residual hydroxyl groups of the phosphorylated polysaccharide, introducing sulfonic acid groups into the polysaccharide backbone through a nucleophilic substitution reaction. This dual modification strategy allows the product to simultaneously carry both phosphate and sulfonate anionic groups, significantly altering the conformation and charge distribution of the aloe vera polysaccharide. This high charge density derivative can interact better with receptor proteins in the body, thereby significantly enhancing its physiological efficacy in regulating immunity, antiviral activity, and enhancing cell activity.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step B1, the reaction is continued at 48-52°C for 2-4 hours.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step B2, the reaction time at 38-42°C is 4-6 hours.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a health tea containing plant extracts prepared according to the method for preparing the health tea containing plant extracts described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention significantly enhances the overall efficacy of the health tea formula by designing two natural material modified compounds. Among them, the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex uses carboxymethylation modification to increase the water solubility and negative charge density of the polysaccharide, acetylation modification to give the polysaccharide a certain degree of lipid solubility, and liposome encapsulation to achieve protective delivery and sustained release of active ingredients. The triple optimization synergistic effect greatly improves the stability of anthocyanin active ingredients in elderberry fruit and significantly improves oral bioavailability. The phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative enhances the interaction between polysaccharide and cell surface receptors and chelates metal ions by introducing phosphate groups through phosphorylation, and significantly improves water solubility and negative charge density by introducing sulfonic acid groups through sulfonation. The dual modification synergistically enhances the immunomodulatory activity and antioxidant activity of aloe acetylmethane. The scavenging rate of hydroxyl radicals and the scavenging rate of superoxide anion radicals are significantly improved compared with those before modification. At the same time, it significantly promotes the phagocytic function of macrophages and the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes.

[0019] (2) This invention scientifically combines mulberry leaves, astragalus, kudzu root, jujube seed, walnut peptide, and two modified compounds to fully leverage the synergistic effects of multiple components in lowering blood sugar, antioxidation, immune regulation, and improving sleep. The active ingredients in mulberry leaves, combined with puerarin in kudzu root, synergistically lower postprandial blood sugar levels from both intestinal absorption and tissue utilization levels. The active ingredients in astragalus enhance the body's immunity by regulating intestinal flora and activating immune cells, and work together with the flavonoids in mulberry leaves to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The saponins and flavonoids in jujube seed exert sedative and hypnotic effects by regulating the nervous system, and work synergistically with walnut peptide to improve sleep quality. The two modified compounds, acting as carriers and synergists, enhance the dissolution rate and intestinal absorption efficiency of flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic acids in plant extracts through liposome encapsulation and intermolecular interactions of chemically modified groups, enabling each component to achieve ideal synergistic effects at lower doses.

[0020] (3) The preparation method of this invention is reasonable, safe to operate, and has good reproducibility. Extraction is carried out twice by deionized water reflux at a moderate temperature, which ensures the full dissolution of active ingredients and avoids high-temperature degradation. Vacuum concentration and spray drying are carried out under mild conditions to maximize the preservation of the bioactivity of active ingredients. In the preparation methods of the two modified compounds, carboxymethylation adopts the order of alkalization activation followed by dropwise addition of monochloroacetic acid to ensure that the degree of substitution is controllable and uniformly distributed; acetylation is carried out in a mixed solvent with a highly efficient catalyst under mild reaction conditions; phosphorylation is achieved by using a phosphorus oxychloride system to achieve uniform phosphorylation; sulfonation uses a chlorosulfonic acid complexing reagent and strictly controls the temperature to effectively control side reactions. All raw materials are commercially available chemicals, suitable for large-scale production. The final health tea product dissolves rapidly after brewing, has a mellow taste, and accelerated stability tests show that the content of each active ingredient is stable, the microbial limits meet food safety standards, and it shows good storage stability and food safety. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Example

[0022] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, the steps of which include: S1. Crush 10g of mulberry leaves, 10g of astragalus root, 10g of kudzu root, and 8g of jujube seed separately, pass them through a 40-mesh sieve, mix them, add 80g of deionized water, and reflux extract in an 84℃ water bath for 2 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a residue and filtrate A. Add the residue to 60g of deionized water, reflux extract in an 84℃ water bath for 1.5 hours, and filter through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain filtrate B. Combine filtrate A and filtrate B to obtain a combined filtrate. Concentrate the combined filtrate under reduced pressure at 58℃ to one-fifth of its original volume to obtain a concentrate. Add 5g of walnut peptide, 3g of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and 3g of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative to the concentrate, and stir at 300rpm for 20 minutes at 38℃ to obtain a mixed solution.

[0023] S2. Spray dry the mixture at 58℃, set the inlet air temperature to 160℃, the outlet air temperature to 85℃, and the feed rate to 5mL / min, and collect the dried powder; mix the dried powder with 8g maltodextrin and 3g microcrystalline cellulose, add 20g of 70% ethanol aqueous solution, stir, and obtain a soft material; granulate the soft material through a 20-mesh sieve, dry it in an oven at 48℃ for 2h, and then granulate it through an 18-mesh sieve to obtain the final product.

[0024] Preparation of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex: A1. Add 40g of elderberry fruit powder to 800g of deionized water and extract at 88℃ for 2h. After extraction, centrifuge at 8000rpm for 15min, collect the supernatant and concentrate under reduced pressure to one-fifth of the original volume, add 500g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand for precipitation overnight, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, and vacuum dry at 50℃ for 12h to obtain crude polysaccharide; disperse the crude polysaccharide in 80g of isopropanol, add 40g of 20% sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, and stir at 25℃. For 1 hour, the polysaccharide was allowed to fully swell and form sodium polyol, resulting in a mixed solution. 8 g of monochloroacetic acid was pre-dissolved in 15 g of isopropanol and slowly added dropwise to the above mixed solution under stirring. The temperature was raised to 58 °C and the reaction was carried out for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, glacial acetic acid was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the solution to 7.0 under ice bath cooling. The solution was then placed in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyzed in deionized water for 48 hours, with the water changed every 6 hours. The dialysate was freeze-dried to obtain carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt.

[0025] A2. Take 3g of the above carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt, vacuum dry at 58℃ for 12h to constant weight, then suspend it in a mixed solvent containing 40g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10g of anhydrous pyridine, and add 0.05g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. Under nitrogen protection, cool to 0℃ in an ice-water bath, slowly add 12g of acetic anhydride, remove the ice bath, heat to 48℃ and stir for 4h. After the reaction is completed, add 80g of ice water to terminate the reaction, then slowly pour into 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol, let stand at 0℃ for 1h to precipitate, centrifuge at 4000rpm for 10min and collect the precipitate. Wash the precipitate 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, 30g each time, then dissolve it in deionized water, adjust the pH to 7.0 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, put it into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da and dialyze for 48h, freeze dry to obtain carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide. 0.5 g of the polysaccharide was dissolved in 40 g of phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) to obtain a polysaccharide solution. 0.2 g of soybean lecithin and 0.08 g of cholesterol were dissolved in 15 g of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a lipid solution. The lipid solution was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution and stirred at 300 rpm for 30 min at 44 °C. Subsequently, the probe was sonicated in an ice-water bath with an ultrasonic power of 180 W, a 5 s working and 5 s stopping time, and a total effective ultrasonic time of 6 min. After ultrasonication, the solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, and the filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain a carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex.

[0026] Preparation of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylmethane derivatives: B1. Homogenize 300g of aloe vera gel, add 800g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand to precipitate overnight, centrifuge at 4000rpm for 10min to collect the precipitate, and vacuum dry at 50℃ for 12h to obtain crude aloe vera polysaccharide; dissolve the crude aloe vera polysaccharide in deionized water to prepare a 10mg / mL solution, centrifuge at 8000rpm for 15min at 4℃ to remove insoluble matter, and filter the supernatant through a 0.45μm filter membrane for later use; use a DEAE-agarose gel FF anion exchange column (column volume 100mL) with 20mmol... Equilibrate the column with 3 times the column volume of / LTris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), and load 50 mL of sample. After loading, wash away unbound impurities with equilibration buffer, and then elute with a linear gradient of 0-1.0 mol / L NaCl. Collect the 0.2 mol / L NaCl elution peak. Combine the target fractions and place them in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da. Dialyze in deionized water at 4 °C for 72 h, changing the water every 6 h. Concentrate the dialysate under reduced pressure at 55 °C to one-fifth of the original volume, and freeze-dry to obtain purified acetylmuromannan. Take 3g of purified acetylmethane and vacuum dry it at 58℃ for 12h to constant weight. Dissolve the dried purified acetylmethane in a mixture containing 60g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 20g of anhydrous pyridine. Cool to 0℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain a mixture. Premix 2g of phosphorus oxychloride and 10g of anhydrous pyridine and slowly add it dropwise to the mixture while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 15min. Then add 1g of triethylamine. Remove the ice bath and react at room temperature for 2h. Raise the temperature to 48℃ and continue reacting for 2h. Add 40g of ice water and adjust the pH to 7.0 by adding 10% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the reaction solution.

[0027] B2. Transfer the above reaction solution to 5 times its volume of ice-water mixture, and slowly add solid sodium bicarbonate in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. Place the solution in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyze in deionized water for 48 hours, changing the water every 6 hours. Freeze-dry the solution, and dissolve the dried phosphorylated aloe vera acetylmannan in a mixed solvent containing 40 g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10 g of anhydrous pyridine to obtain a polysaccharide solution. Mix 4 g of chlorosulfonic acid and 10 g of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide in an ice bath at -10°C. The mixture was stirred for 15 min to obtain a sulfonated complexing reagent. Under an ice bath at 0°C, the sulfonated complexing reagent was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution, keeping the internal temperature below 5°C. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 38°C and reacted for 4 h to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was poured into 180 g of vigorously stirred ice water, and solid sodium bicarbonate was added in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. The solution was then placed in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyzed in deionized water for 72 h, with the water changed every 8 h. The solution was then freeze-dried to obtain a phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmannan derivative. Example

[0028] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a method for preparing a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, the steps of which include: S1. Crush 15g of mulberry leaves, 12.5g of astragalus root, 15g of kudzu root, and 10g of jujube seed separately, pass them through a 40-mesh sieve, and mix them. Add 115g of deionized water and reflux in an 85℃ water bath for 2 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract to obtain a residue and filtrate A. Add the residue to 90g of deionized water and reflux in an 85℃ water bath for 1.5 hours, then filter to obtain filtrate B. Combine filtrate A and filtrate B to obtain a combined filtrate. Concentrate the combined filtrate under reduced pressure at 60℃ to 1 / 5 of its original volume to obtain a concentrate. Add 7.5g of walnut peptide, 5.5g of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and 5.5g of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative to the concentrate and stir at 40℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0029] S2. Spray dry the mixture at 60℃ with an inlet air temperature of 165℃, an outlet air temperature of 85℃, and a feed rate of 5mL / min, and collect the dried powder; mix the dried powder with 11.5g of maltodextrin and 5.5g of microcrystalline cellulose, add 20g of 70% ethanol aqueous solution, stir, and obtain a soft material; granulate the soft material through a 20-mesh sieve, dry it in an oven at 50℃ for 3h, and then granulate it through an 18-mesh sieve.

[0030] Preparation of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex: A1. Add 50g of elderberry fruit powder to 1000g of deionized water and extract at 90℃ for 2h. Centrifuge at 9000rpm for 15min, collect the supernatant and concentrate under reduced pressure to 1 / 5 of the original volume. Add 650g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand to precipitate overnight, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain crude polysaccharide. Disperse the crude polysaccharide in 100g of isopropanol, add 50g of 20% sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, and stir at 30℃ for 1.5h to allow the polysaccharide to fully swell and form sodium polyol, obtaining a mixed solution. Dissolve 10g of monochloroacetic acid in 20g of isopropanol beforehand, and slowly add it dropwise to the above mixed solution while stirring. Heat to 60℃ and react for 4h. After the reaction is completed, adjust the pH of the solution to 7.25 by adding glacial acetic acid dropwise under ice bath cooling. Place the solution in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, dialyze in deionized water for 48h, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt.

[0031] A2. Take 3g of the above carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt, vacuum dry at 60℃ for 12h to constant weight, then suspend it in a mixed solvent containing 55g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 15g of anhydrous pyridine, and add 0.1g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. Under nitrogen protection, cool to 2℃ in an ice-water bath, slowly add 15g of acetic anhydride, remove the ice bath, heat to 50℃ and stir for 5h. After the reaction is completed, add 100g of ice water to terminate the reaction, then slowly pour into 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol, let stand at 2℃ for 1h to precipitate, centrifuge and collect the precipitate. Wash the precipitate 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, then dissolve it in deionized water, adjust the pH to 7.0 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, put it into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da and dialyze for 48h, freeze dry to obtain carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide. 0.5 g of the polysaccharide was dissolved in 50 g of pH 7.4 phosphate buffer to obtain a polysaccharide solution; 0.3 g of soybean lecithin and 0.1 g of cholesterol were dissolved in 20 g of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a lipid solution; the lipid solution was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution, and stirred at 300 rpm for 30 min at 45 °C. Subsequently, the solution was subjected to ultrasound treatment with a probe in an ice-water bath at a power of 200 W, with a working time of 5 s and a rest time of 5 s, for a total effective ultrasound time of 7 min. The solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane and freeze-dried to obtain a carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex.

[0032] Preparation of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylmethane derivatives: B1. Homogenize 350g of aloe vera gel, add 1000g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand for precipitation overnight, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, dry to obtain crude aloe vera polysaccharide; dissolve the crude aloe vera polysaccharide in deionized water to prepare a 15mg / mL solution, centrifuge at 9000rpm for 15min at 4℃ to remove insoluble matter, filter the supernatant through a 0.45μm filter membrane for later use; use a DEAE-agarose gel FF anion exchange chromatography column, equilibrate with 20mmol / L Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), load the sample, elute with a linear gradient of 0-1.0mol / L NaCl, collect the 0.2mol / L NaCl elution peak; combine the target fractions, put them into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, dialyze in deionized water at 4℃ for 72h, change the water every 6h; concentrate the dialysate under reduced pressure at 55℃ to 1 / 5 of the original volume, freeze dry to obtain purified acetylmethane. Take 3g of purified acetylmethane and vacuum dry it at 60℃ for 12h to constant weight. Dissolve the dried purified acetylmethane in a mixture containing 70g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 30g of anhydrous pyridine. Cool to 1℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain a mixture. Premix 3g of phosphorus oxychloride and 15g of anhydrous pyridine and slowly add it dropwise to the mixture while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 15min. Then add 2g of triethylamine. Remove the ice bath and react at room temperature for 2h. Raise the temperature to 50℃ and continue reacting for 3h. Add 50g of ice water and adjust the pH to 7.25 by adding 10% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the reaction solution.

[0033] B2. Transfer the above reaction solution to 5 times its volume of ice-water mixture, and slowly add solid sodium bicarbonate in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. Place the solution in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyze in deionized water for 48 hours. Freeze-dry the solution, and dissolve the dried phosphorylated aloe vera acetylmannan in a mixed solvent containing 50 g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 15 g of anhydrous pyridine to obtain a polysaccharide solution. Dissolve 5 g of chlorosulfonic acid and 15 g of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide in an ice bath at -5°C. The mixture was mixed under the following conditions to obtain a sulfonated complexing reagent. The sulfonated complexing reagent was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution at 2°C in an ice bath, keeping the internal temperature below 5°C. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 40°C and reacted for 5 hours to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was poured into 200g of vigorously stirred ice water, and solid sodium bicarbonate was added in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. The solution was then placed in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyzed in deionized water for 72 hours. After freeze-drying, phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmannan derivative was obtained. Example

[0034] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a method for preparing a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, the steps of which include: S1. Crush 20g of mulberry leaves, 15g of astragalus, 20g of kudzu root, and 12g of jujube seed separately, pass them through a 40-mesh sieve, and mix them. Add 150g of deionized water and reflux in an 86℃ water bath for 2 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract to obtain a residue and filtrate A. Add the residue to 120g of deionized water and reflux in an 86℃ water bath for 1.5 hours, then filter to obtain filtrate B. Combine filtrate A and filtrate B to obtain a combined filtrate. Concentrate the combined filtrate under reduced pressure at 62℃ to 1 / 5 of its original volume to obtain a concentrate. Add 10g of walnut peptide, 8g of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and 8g of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative to the concentrate, and stir at 42℃ for 40 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0035] S2. Spray dry the mixture at 62℃ with an inlet air temperature of 170℃, an outlet air temperature of 85℃, and a feed rate of 5mL / min, and collect the dried powder; mix the dried powder with 15g of maltodextrin and 8g of microcrystalline cellulose, add 20g of 70% ethanol aqueous solution, stir, and obtain a soft material; granulate the soft material through a 20-mesh sieve, dry it in an oven at 52℃ for 4h, and then granulate it through an 18-mesh sieve.

[0036] Preparation of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex: A1. Add 60g of elderberry fruit powder to 1200g of deionized water and extract at 92℃ for 2h. Centrifuge at 10000rpm for 15min, collect the supernatant and concentrate under reduced pressure to 1 / 5 of the original volume. Add 800g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand to precipitate overnight, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain crude polysaccharide. Disperse the crude polysaccharide in 120g of isopropanol, add 60g of 20% sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, and stir at 35℃ for 2h to allow the polysaccharide to fully swell and form sodium polyol, obtaining a mixed solution. Dissolve 12g of monochloroacetic acid in 25g of isopropanol beforehand, and slowly add it dropwise to the above mixed solution while stirring. Heat to 62℃ and react for 5h. After the reaction is completed, adjust the pH of the solution to 7.5 by adding glacial acetic acid dropwise under ice bath cooling. Place the solution in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, dialyze in deionized water for 48h, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt.

[0037] A2. Take 3g of the above carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt, vacuum dry at 62℃ for 12h to constant weight, then suspend it in a mixed solvent containing 70g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 20g of anhydrous pyridine, and add 0.15g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. Under nitrogen protection, cool to 4℃ in an ice-water bath, slowly add 18g of acetic anhydride, remove the ice bath, heat to 52℃ and stir for 6h. After the reaction is completed, add 120g of ice water to terminate the reaction, then slowly pour into 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol, let stand at 4℃ for 1h to precipitate, centrifuge and collect the precipitate. Wash the precipitate 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, then dissolve it in deionized water, adjust the pH to 7.0 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, put it into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da and dialyze for 48h, freeze dry to obtain carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide. 0.5 g of the polysaccharide was dissolved in 60 g of pH 7.6 phosphate buffer to obtain a polysaccharide solution; 0.4 g of soybean lecithin and 0.12 g of cholesterol were dissolved in 25 g of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a lipid solution; the lipid solution was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution, and stirred at 300 rpm for 30 min at 46 °C. Subsequently, the solution was subjected to ultrasound treatment with a probe in an ice-water bath at a power of 220 W, with a working time of 5 s and a rest time of 5 s, for a total effective ultrasound time of 8 min. The solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane and freeze-dried to obtain a carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex.

[0038] Preparation of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylmethane derivatives: B1. Homogenize 400g of aloe vera gel, add 1200g of anhydrous ethanol, let stand for precipitation overnight, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, dry to obtain crude aloe vera polysaccharide; dissolve the crude aloe vera polysaccharide in deionized water to prepare a 20mg / mL solution, centrifuge at 10000rpm for 15min at 4℃ to remove insoluble matter, filter the supernatant through a 0.45μm filter membrane for later use; use a DEAE-agarose gel FF anion exchange chromatography column, equilibrate with 20mmol / L Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), load the sample, elute with a linear gradient of 0-1.0mol / L NaCl, collect the 0.2mol / L NaCl elution peak; combine the target fractions, put them into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, dialyze in deionized water at 4℃ for 72h, change the water every 6h; concentrate the dialysate under reduced pressure at 55℃ to 1 / 5 of the original volume, freeze dry to obtain purified acetylmethane. Take 3g of purified acetylmethane and vacuum dry it at 62℃ for 12h to constant weight. Dissolve the dried purified acetylmethane in a mixture containing 80g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 40g of anhydrous pyridine. Cool to 2℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain a mixture. Premix 4g of phosphorus oxychloride and 20g of anhydrous pyridine and slowly add it dropwise to the mixture while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 15min. Then add 3g of triethylamine. Remove the ice bath and react at room temperature for 2h. Raise the temperature to 52℃ and continue reacting for 4h. Add 60g of ice water and adjust the pH to 7.5 by adding 10% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the reaction solution.

[0039] B2. Transfer the above reaction solution to 5 times its volume of ice-water mixture, and slowly add solid sodium bicarbonate in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. Place the solution in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyze in deionized water for 48 hours. Freeze-dry the solution, and dissolve the dried phosphorylated aloe vera acetylmannan in a mixed solvent containing 60 g of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 g of anhydrous pyridine to obtain a polysaccharide solution. Dissolve 6 g of chlorosulfonic acid and 20 g of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide in an ice bath at 0°C. The mixture was mixed under the following conditions to obtain a sulfonated complexing reagent. The sulfonated complexing reagent was slowly added dropwise to the polysaccharide solution at 4°C in an ice bath, keeping the internal temperature below 5°C. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 42°C and reacted for 6 hours to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was poured into 220g of vigorously stirred ice water, and solid sodium bicarbonate was added in portions to neutralize to pH 7.0. The solution was then placed in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 Da and dialyzed in deionized water for 72 hours. After freeze-drying, phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmannan derivative was obtained.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex and phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative are not added in step S1, while the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative is not added in step S1, while the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex is not added in step S1, while the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] The performance of the health teas containing plant extracts obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested in accordance with national and industry standard testing specifications.

[0044] SPF-grade male Kunming mice, 6-8 weeks old and weighing 18-22g, were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=10 per group) after 7 days of acclimatization. These groups were: a blank control group (equal volume of physiological saline), a model control group (equal volume of physiological saline), a positive control group (metformin hydrochloride 100mg / kg), Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, and Comparative Example 3 group. Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 groups were administered the corresponding prepared herbal tea, dissolved in deionized water, at a gavage dose of 5g / kg (based on the raw herb content), once daily for 28 days. The blank control group, model control group, and positive control group were given equal volumes of physiological saline. The positive control group was simultaneously administered metformin hydrochloride 100mg / kg by gavage. Except for the blank control group, all other groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) 50mg / kg for 5 consecutive days after the acclimatization period to establish a diabetic mouse model. STZ was dissolved in 0.1 mol / L citrate-sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.5) to prepare a 10 mg / mL solution, and the entire process was performed in the dark. On day 7 after injection, fasting blood glucose was measured by tail vein sampling. A fasting blood glucose level ≥11.1 mmol / L was considered a successful diabetes model. On day 28 after administration, mice in each group (including the blank control group, model control group, positive control group, Example 1-3 groups, and Comparative Examples 1-3 groups) were fasted for 12 hours but allowed free access to water. Fasting blood glucose levels (mmol / L) were measured using a blood glucose meter and matching test strips. The blood glucose values ​​of each mouse were recorded, and the mean and standard deviation of each group were calculated.

[0045] The blood glucose reduction rate (%) on day 28 was calculated using the formula (mean fasting blood glucose in the model control group - mean fasting blood glucose in the treatment group) / (mean fasting blood glucose in the model control group - mean fasting blood glucose in the blank control group) × 100%. This calculation was performed only for the positive control group, Examples 1-3, and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0046] After the last administration, mice in each group (same as above, including blank control group, model control group, positive control group, Example 1-3 group, and Comparative Example 1-3 group) were fasted but allowed to drink water for 12 hours. Blood was collected from the orbital cavity, and whole blood was left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour. The blood was then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate the serum, which was then frozen at -80℃ for later use.

[0047] Serum SOD activity was determined using the xanthine oxidase method: 20 μL of serum was taken, and 200 μL of SOD detection buffer (containing 0.05 mmol / L xanthine and 0.1 U / mL xanthine oxidase) was added. After mixing, 20 μL of xanthine oxidase working solution was added, and the mixture was incubated at 37℃ for 20 min. The absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 450 nm. A blank control (using deionized water instead of serum) and a standard control (using a standard solution with known SOD activity instead of serum) were also set up. The SOD activity (U / mL) was calculated according to the standard curve. Each sample was measured three times and the average value was taken.

[0048] Serum MDA content was determined using the thiobarbituric acid method: 100 μL of the separated serum was added to 200 μL of MDA detection working solution (containing 0.375% thiobarbituric acid, 15% trichloroacetic acid, and 0.25 mol / L hydrochloric acid), mixed well, heated in a 95℃ water bath for 40 min, cooled to room temperature, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant was then measured at a wavelength of 532 nm. A blank control (using deionized water instead of serum) and a standard control (using a known concentration of 1,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane solution instead of serum) were also set up. The MDA content (nmol / mL) was calculated based on the standard curve. Each sample was measured three times, and the average value was taken.

[0049] SPF-grade male Kunming mice (6-8 weeks old, weighing 18-22g) were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight: a blank control group (equal volume of physiological saline), a positive control group (20mg / kg of jujube seed saponin), Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, and Comparative Example 3 group, with 10 mice in each group (the model control group consisted of diabetic mice, which did not participate in the sleep experiment, hence the "—" in Table 1). The dosage and method of administration by gavage were the same as in the previous experiments, and administration was continued for 30 days. One hour after the last administration, each group of mice was intraperitoneally injected with 50mg / kg of sodium pentobarbital (prepared with physiological saline to a 5mg / mL solution before use), with an injection volume of 10mL / kg. The disappearance of the righting reflex (if the mouse cannot right itself within 30 seconds when placed supine) was used as the criterion for sleep onset. The time from the injection of sodium pentobarbital to the disappearance of the righting reflex was recorded as the sleep latency (min); the time from the disappearance of the righting reflex to its recovery was recorded as the sleep duration (min). Each mouse was measured once, and the mean and standard deviation of each group were calculated.

[0050] SPF-grade male Kunming mice (6-8 weeks old, weighing 18-22g) were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight: a blank control group (equal volume of physiological saline), a positive control group (20mg / kg of jujube seed saponin), Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, and Comparative Example 3 group, with 10 mice in each group (a model control group was not required for the carbon clearance experiment). The dosage and method of administration by gavage were the same as in the sleep experiment, and administration was continued for 30 days. One hour after the last administration, each group of mice was injected intravenously with Indian ink (diluted 4 times with physiological saline before use and mixed well), at a dose of 10mL / kg. Results were taken at 2 min (t2) and 10 min (t3) after injection. 10 20 μL of blood was drawn from the posterior orbital venous plexus and immediately added to 2 mL of 0.1% sodium carbonate solution, then shaken well. Using the 0.1% sodium carbonate solution as a blank control, the absorbance A2 and A2 were measured at a wavelength of 680 nm. 10 The carbon particle clearance index K is calculated using the formula K=(lgA2-lgA). 10 ) / (t 10 -t2)=(lgA2-lgA 10 Calculate (dimensionless) / 8. After blood collection, euthanize the mice, remove the liver and spleen, blot the surface blood with filter paper, weigh them, and record the liver weight (g), spleen weight (g), and mouse body weight (g); the phagocytic index α is calculated using the formula α = K (1 / 3) ×[body weight / (liver weight + spleen weight)] (dimensionless). K and α values ​​were calculated separately for each mouse, and the mean and standard deviation of each group were taken. All test results are summarized in Table 1. The model control group was not tested in sleep, carbon clearance, and phagocytic index experiments; corresponding entries are indicated by "—".

[0051] The performance test data above are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Performance Test Results Test Project Blank control Model comparison Positive control Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Fasting blood glucose (mmol / L) on day 28 of drug administration 5.10±0.38 16.58±1.55 7.12±0.76 7.85±0.84 7.46±0.79 7.28±0.73 11.23±1.18 9.36±0.96 9.58±1.02 Blood sugar reduction rate on day 28 (%) — — 62.7 57.8 60.4 61.6 35.4 47.8 46.3 SOD activity (U / mL) 186.35±12.48 98.42±8.56 152.36±10.25 156.28±11.02 162.45±11.56 168.72±12.03 118.56±9.24 135.28±10.08 132.45±9.86 MDA content (nmol / mL) 5.12±0.45 14.86±1.12 8.23±0.68 7.86±0.72 7.42±0.65 7.08±0.60 12.35±0.98 9.86±0.82 10.12±0.86 Sleep latency (min) 16.85±2.12 — 8.42±1.25 9.86±1.42 9.12±1.35 8.68±1.28 14.28±1.85 12.15±1.62 12.56±1.68 Sleep duration (min) 42.36±5.28 — 78.56±6.82 72.48±6.35 75.62±6.58 78.12±6.72 48.56±5.42 56.38±5.86 54.62±5.68 Clarity Index K 0.0258±0.0032 — 0.0325±0.0038 0.0312±0.0035 0.0336±0.0039 0.0352±0.0042 0.0245±0.0030 0.0278±0.0032 0.0272±0.0031 Phagocytosis Index α 5.12±0.42 — 5.86±0.48 5.68±0.45 5.92±0.50 6.08±0.52 4.86±0.38 5.24±0.42 5.18±0.41 The test results in Table 1 above clearly show that Examples 1-3 have successfully solved the technical problems of poor stability of active ingredients, low bioavailability, lack of synergistic effect, and insufficient comprehensive efficacy in existing health tea products compared with Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0053] Specifically, Comparative Example 1, which contained no carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex or phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative, had a fasting blood glucose level of 11.23 mmol / L on day 28 after administration, a hypoglycemic rate of only 35.4%, an SOD activity of 118.56 U / mL, an MDA content of 12.35 nmol / mL, a sleep latency of 14.28 min, a sleep duration of 48.56 min, a clearance index K of 0.0245, and a phagocytic index α of 4.86. All indicators were significantly inferior to those of the groups in the Examples, confirming that natural plant extracts without chemical modification and liposome encapsulation are difficult to exert stable and efficient pharmacological effects in vivo.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 lacked phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe vera acetylglucosan derivatives (containing only carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex). Its blood glucose lowering rate was 47.8%, SOD activity was 135.28 U / mL, MDA content was 9.86 nmol / mL, sleep latency was 12.15 min, sleep duration was 56.38 min, clearance index was 0.0278, and phagocytosis index was 5.24. Although it was better than Comparative Example 1, it was significantly lower than Examples 1-3. This indicates that aloe vera polysaccharides lacking phosphorylated-sulfonated modification cannot fully activate immune regulation and antioxidant pathways, resulting in a decrease in overall efficacy. Comparative Example 3, lacking carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex (containing only phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative), exhibited a blood glucose lowering rate of 46.3%, SOD activity of 132.45 U / mL, MDA content of 10.12 nmol / mL, sleep latency of 12.56 min, sleep duration of 54.62 min, clearance index of 0.0272, and phagocytosis index of 5.18. This was also inferior to the groups in the Examples, demonstrating that the lack of a liposome delivery system leads to reduced stability and transmembrane transport efficiency of elderberry polysaccharide, affecting its blood glucose regulation and sleep improvement effects. In contrast, Examples 1-3, which contained two modified compounds, achieved blood sugar reduction rates of 57.8%, 60.4%, and 61.6%, respectively, close to the positive control group's 62.7%; SOD activity increased to 156.28, 162.45, and 168.72 U / mL, respectively, while MDA content decreased to 7.86, 7.42, and 7.08 nmol / mL, respectively; sleep latency shortened to 9.86, 9.12, and 8.68 min, respectively, and sleep duration increased to 72.48, 75.62, and 78.12 min, respectively; and the clearance index and phagocytic index were also superior to the comparative group.

[0055] The above data fully demonstrate that the methylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex and the phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylan derivative have a significant synergistic effect through a triple optimization mechanism of carboxymethylation to enhance water solubility and negative charge, acetylation to improve lipid solubility, and liposome encapsulation to achieve protective delivery, as well as a dual modification mechanism of phosphorylation to enhance immunomodulatory activity and sulfonation to enhance free radical scavenging ability. This solves the technical defects of existing technologies, such as easy degradation of active ingredients, poor oral absorption, lack of synergy among multiple components, and incomplete efficacy, and achieves multiple health care functions such as lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, improving sleep, and enhancing immunity.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, characterized in that the steps include... include: S1. By weight, 10-20 parts of mulberry leaves, 10-15 parts of astragalus, 10-20 parts of kudzu root, and 8-12 parts of jujube seed are pulverized, sieved, and mixed. 80-150 parts of deionized water are added, and the mixture is extracted by reflux in a water bath at 84-86℃ to obtain an extract. The extract is filtered to obtain a residue and filtrate A. The residue is added to 60-120 parts of deionized water, and the mixture is extracted by reflux in a water bath at 84-86℃. The mixture is filtered to obtain filtrate B. Filtrate A and filtrate B are combined to obtain a combined filtrate. The combined filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 58-62℃ to obtain a concentrate. 5-10 parts of walnut peptide, 3-8 parts of carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex, and 3-8 parts of phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative are added to the concentrate, and the mixture is stirred at 38-42℃ to obtain a mixed solution. S2. Spray dry the mixture at 58-62℃ and collect the dried powder; mix the dried powder with 8-15 parts of maltodextrin and 3-8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, add an ethanol aqueous solution, stir, and obtain a soft material; sieve the soft material, granulate, dry in an oven at 48-52℃, and sieve again.

2. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the stirring time at 38-42℃ is 20-40 minutes.

3. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the drying time in an oven at 48-52℃ is 2-4 hours.

4. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide liposome complex includes: A1. By weight, add 40-60 parts of elderberry fruit powder to 800-1200 parts of deionized water, extract at 88-92℃, centrifuge, concentrate, add 500-800 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and dry to obtain crude polysaccharide; disperse the crude polysaccharide in 80-120 parts of isopropanol, add 40-60 parts of sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, stir at 25-35℃ to obtain a mixture; dissolve 8-12 parts of monochloroacetic acid in 15-25 parts of isopropanol beforehand, add dropwise to the mixture while stirring, and heat to 58-62℃ for reaction; after the reaction is completed, adjust the pH of the solution to 7.0-7.5 by adding glacial acetic acid dropwise under ice bath cooling, dialyze in a dialysis bag, freeze dry to obtain carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt; A2. Carboxymethylated elderberry polysaccharide sodium salt is vacuum dried at 58-62℃, then suspended in a mixed solvent containing 40-70 parts anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10-20 parts anhydrous pyridine, and 0.05-0.15 parts 4-dimethylaminopyridine are added. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is cooled to 0-4℃ in an ice-water bath, and 12-18 parts acetic anhydride are added. The ice bath is removed, and the temperature is raised to 48-52℃ with stirring. After the reaction is complete, 80-120 parts ice water are added, followed by pouring into anhydrous ethanol. The mixture is allowed to stand at 0-4℃ to precipitate, centrifuged, and the precipitate is collected. The precipitate is washed first with anhydrous ethanol, and then... Dissolve the polysaccharide in deionized water, adjust the pH to 7.0 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dialyze it in a dialysis bag, and freeze-dry it to obtain carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide. Dissolve the carboxymethylated-acetylated elderberry polysaccharide in 40-60 parts of phosphate buffer solution with pH=7.2-7.6 to obtain a polysaccharide solution. Dissolve 0.2-0.4 parts of soybean lecithin and 0.08-0.12 parts of cholesterol in 15-25 parts of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a lipid solution. Add the lipid solution dropwise to the polysaccharide solution, stir at 44-46℃, then sonicate in an ice-water bath, filter, and freeze-dry.

5. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step A1, the reaction time is 3-5 hours after heating to 58-62℃.

6. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step A2, the temperature is raised to 48-52℃ and the stirring reaction is carried out for 4-6 hours.

7. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the phosphorylated-sulfonated aloe acetylmethane derivative includes: B1. By weight, homogenize 300-400 parts of aloe vera gel, add 800-1200 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and dry to obtain crude aloe vera polysaccharide; purify the crude aloe vera polysaccharide to obtain purified acetylmannan; vacuum dry the purified acetylmannan at 58-62℃ to obtain dried purified acetylmannan; dissolve the dried purified acetylmannan in a mixture containing 60-80 parts of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 20-40 parts of anhydrous pyridine, and cool to 0-2℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain a mixture; premix 2-4 parts of phosphorus oxychloride and 10-20 parts of anhydrous pyridine, and add dropwise to the mixture while stirring, continue stirring, then add 1-3 parts of triethylamine, remove the ice bath, react at room temperature, raise the temperature to 48-52℃ to continue the reaction, add 40-60 parts of ice water, and adjust the pH to 7.0-7.5 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the reaction solution; B2. Transfer the reaction solution to an ice-water mixture, add sodium bicarbonate, place in a dialysis bag and dialyze in deionized water, then freeze-dry to obtain phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan; vacuum-dry the phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan at 58-62℃ to obtain dried phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan; mix 4-6 parts of chlorosulfonic acid with 10-20 parts of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide at -10~0℃ to obtain a sulfonation complexing reagent; dissolve the dried phosphorylated aloe acetylmannan in a mixed solvent containing 40-60 parts of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide and 10-20 parts of anhydrous pyridine to obtain a polysaccharide solution; add the sulfonation complexing reagent dropwise to the polysaccharide solution in an ice bath at 0-4℃, and react at 38-42℃ to obtain a reaction solution; pour the reaction solution into ice water, add sodium bicarbonate, place in a dialysis bag and dialyze in deionized water, then freeze-dry.

8. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step B1, the temperature is raised to 48-52℃ and the reaction continues for 2-4 hours.

9. The method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step B2, the reaction time is 4-6 hours after heating to 38-42℃.

10. A health-preserving tea containing plant extracts, characterized in that, The health-preserving tea containing plant extracts is prepared according to any one of claims 1-9 by the method for preparing the health-preserving tea containing plant extracts.