Laying hen feed based on synchronization of nutrient dynamic release and absorption and application thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of feed, specifically a laying hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients and its application. It includes the following raw materials: energy source, protein source, amino acid source, and macro-minerals. The energy source includes rapidly releasing corn flour and slow-release corn; the protein source includes rapidly releasing soybean meal, medium-release fermented soybean meal, and corn gluten meal; the amino acid source includes rapidly absorbed crystalline amino acids and medium-absorbed functional amino acids; and the macro-minerals include limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, and salt. This invention aims to significantly improve nutrient utilization efficiency by precisely controlling the release and absorption rates of energy sources, amino acid sources, and other nutrients in the feed to highly match the digestive physiological rhythm and protein synthesis sequence of laying hens. This increases the unit price of feed while significantly reducing the feed cost per egg.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed, specifically a laying hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The egg-laying hen industry is currently transitioning from extensive growth to high-quality development. Traditional feed formulations prioritize "lowest formulation costs" or meeting static nutritional standards, neglecting the dynamic processes of hen digestion and the metabolic sequence requirements of egg production. This leads to nutrient waste and feed efficiency (feed-to-egg ratio) reaching its limit. The main problems are: 1) Different raw materials (such as crystalline amino acids and protein-bound amino acids) have different release and absorption rates, which leads to asynchronous arrival of amino acids in the target tissue, affecting protein synthesis efficiency. 2) The peak absorption of energy (starch) and amino acids is mismatched, resulting in some amino acids being deaminated for energy, causing protein waste and increased nitrogen emissions; 3) Failure to precisely match the amino acid supply requirements during the critical window period of egg white protein synthesis, especially concentrated protein synthesis. Existing technologies mostly focus on adding single functional ingredients, lacking a systematic feed design method based on nutrient absorption kinetics with the goal of "reducing the overall cost of egg production". Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the laying hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients, as described in the present invention, includes the following raw materials: energy source, protein raw material, amino acid source and macro minerals; The energy source includes corn flour that releases energy rapidly and corn that has been treated with slow-release technology. The corn is treated with steam for 30-60 minutes at a temperature of 85-100℃ to increase its moisture content to 18%-20%. Then, the corn is rolled into uniform thin sheets with a thickness of 1-2 mm using preheated rollers and dried at low temperature to obtain the slow-release corn. The protein raw materials include soybean meal that releases protein rapidly, fermented soybean meal that releases protein at a medium rate, and corn gluten meal. The amino acid source includes rapidly absorbed crystalline amino acids and moderately absorbed functional amino acids. The major minerals include stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, and table salt.

[0005] As a further technical solution of the present invention: by mass, the energy source includes: 550 parts corn flour and 80 parts slow-release treated corn.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention: by weight, the protein raw materials include: 200 parts of soybean meal with a protein content of 46%, 30 parts of fermented soybean meal, and 25 parts of corn gluten powder.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention: by weight, the amino acid source includes the following raw materials: 1.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.0 parts of L-lysine salt, 0.5 parts of L-threonine, 0.3 parts of L-cysteine, 0.5 parts of L-isoleucine, and 0.4 parts of L-glutamine.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention: by mass, the major minerals include: 85 parts stone powder, 12 parts dicalcium phosphate, and 3 parts table salt.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention: within 60-150 minutes after feeding, the starch release rate and amino acid release rate curves of the laying hen feed match, forming a synchronous absorption window. During this window period, the protein synthesis efficiency of the laying hen oviduct reaches or exceeds 90%.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the preparation method of the laying hen feed includes: The corn and soybean meal are ground into powder, and the particle size is controlled. Following the principle of gradual dilution, first add crushed corn flour and soybean meal as base material, then add amino acid source, vitamin premix and trace element premix, then add dicalcium phosphate, salt and oil, and finally add the remaining corn flour, soybean meal and slow-release corn. The coefficient of variation for the uniformity of mixing is ≤5%.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the feeding method of the laying hen feed is characterized by including a daytime feeding stage and a nighttime enhanced feeding stage: in the daytime feeding stage, the above-mentioned laying hen feed is fed, and the feeding amount accounts for 65%-70% of the total daily feed intake; in the nighttime enhanced feeding stage, a nighttime nutritionally enhanced mixture is fed, and the feeding amount accounts for 30%-35% of the total daily feed intake; compared with the above-mentioned laying hen feed, the nighttime nutritionally enhanced mixture has higher contents of steam-flaked corn, fermented soybean meal, DL-methionine, and tryptophan; The mass of steam-flaked corn was 86 parts; The fermented soybean meal weighs 50 parts; The mass of DL-methionine is 1.6 parts; The mass of tryptophan is 1.1 parts.

[0012] An application of a layer hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients involves feeding the layer hen feed to layer hen so as to achieve the synchronous release and absorption of starch and amino acids within 60-150 minutes after feeding, so that the protein synthesis efficiency of the oviduct of the layer hen reaches or exceeds 90%, and the feed-to-egg ratio is reduced to below 2.0:1.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention breaks away from the traditional "static nutrition" formulation mindset and proposes a "dynamic nutrition synchronization" design concept. It aims to precisely control the release and absorption rates of energy sources, amino acid sources, and other nutrients in the feed to highly match the digestive physiological rhythms and key protein synthesis sequences of laying hens, thereby significantly improving nutrient utilization efficiency and, while increasing the unit price of feed, significantly reducing the feed cost per egg. Specifically: First, a system nutrition design based on the dynamic balance of nutrient "source-sink-flow": (Source classification) not only considers the total amino acid content, but also finely distinguishes and combines fast-release sources, medium-release sources, and slow-release sources to construct a continuous and stable amino acid supply curve.

[0014] By combining crystalline amino acids (fast) + soybean meal (medium) + fermented / fibrin (slow), and by specifically supplementing methionine, lysine, cystine, valine, and isoleucine, the amino acid supply curve in laying hens can be transformed from a "roller coaster" to a "plateau".

[0015] Introduce 5%-8% fermented feed (containing small peptides and slow-release proteins) or moderately retain fiber in miscellaneous meals (such as an appropriate amount of cottonseed meal, which needs to balance toxins).

[0016] (Energy synchronization) Select starch sources with different digestion rates (such as a combination of high-digestibility corn and some slow-release carbohydrates), regulate the glucose release curve, and strive to synchronize with the peak of amino acid absorption in time and space, reduce gluconeogenesis loss of amino acids, and achieve "energy-saving ammonia".

[0017] (Regulation of Flow) By using functional amino acids (threonine, cysteine, valine, etc.), on the basis of meeting nutritional needs, they play a role in regulating protein synthesis signaling pathways (such as mTOR), improving gut health, and anti-oxidation, thereby improving the overall efficiency of nutrient "flow" to egg production.

[0018] Secondly, a "day-night" nutrient supply model should be established to match the physiological rhythm of egg production: Based on the physiological patterns such as the synthesis and secretion of concentrated egg white protein within 2-4 hours when the yolk is located in the enlarged part of the oviduct, and the mismatch of amino acid supply when the oviduct synthesizes egg white during the dark period at night, unique dietary structures or feeding strategies are designed.

[0019] By implementing a time-segmented, precise feeding strategy and dynamically adjusting the diet formulation in the morning, midday, and afternoon, the aim is to achieve two core objectives: First, to ensure a rapid and stable supply of key amino acids (such as cysteine ​​and threonine) for ovum protein synthesis during the high-speed protein synthesis window after ovulation; second, to optimize amino acid absorption kinetics in the digestive tract at night, maintaining appropriate blood concentrations of essential nutrients for egg white synthesis, such as sulfur-containing amino acids. This strategy directly enhances egg white biosynthesis efficiency by matching nutrient supply and physiological needs in a time-space manner, significantly improving Hardy units (protein content) and endurance in the later stages of egg production.

[0020] By adjusting the composition of the feed in the morning, midday, and afternoon, the supply of amino acids (cysteine, threonine, etc.) needed for the rapid synthesis of concentrated protein during the critical window period after ovulation can be made fast and stable. At the same time, the concentration of absorbable amino acids (especially key amino acids for egg white protein synthesis, such as sulfur-containing amino acids) in the digestive tract at night can be maintained at a more suitable level, directly supporting egg white synthesis, improving protein quality and egg production endurance.

[0021] Finally: A high-quality development model with "egg production cost" as the final performance indicator: The core objective and economic advantage of this invention are as follows: Although the feed cost per unit mass (yuan / ton) may increase by 5-10%, due to the significant improvement in feed conversion efficiency (feed-to-egg ratio) (e.g., a reduction of more than 0.15), the feed cost consumed per kilogram of eggs produced (yuan / kg of eggs) will ultimately decrease by 0.2-0.5 yuan.

[0022] This model precisely aligns with the current high-quality development needs of the egg-laying hen industry, which is eliminating outdated production capacity and pursuing high-efficiency farming. During periods of deep losses in the industry, this technology can provide a "cost-reduction tool" for large-scale farms seeking long-term benefits and core competitiveness. It does not reduce feed quality, but rather enhances feed value through technological empowerment, thus ensuring the sustainable development of the industry. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Comparison of starch and amino acid release efficiency between regular corn and slow-release treated corn; Figure 2 A graph showing the matching of starch and amino acid release between conventional and optimized diets; Figure 3 Comparison of amino acid release under different dietary patterns; Figure 4 Simultaneous absorption plots for optimizing starch and amino acid profiles in the diet; Figure 5 Comparison chart of protein synthesis efficiency; Figure 6 Comparison of blood amino acid concentrations under different dietary patterns; Figure 7 A comparison chart of nitrogen excretion between conventional and optimized diets. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 The layer hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients described in this embodiment of the invention comprises the following raw materials: Energy source, protein raw material, macro-minerals, amino acid source, additives and oils; Specifically, the energy source comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials: 550 parts corn flour and 80 parts slow-release corn (such as steam-flaked corn). The slow-release treatment uses a steam pressing process. The corn is steam-treated for 30-60 minutes at a temperature of 85-100℃ to increase the moisture content to 18%-20%. Then, preheated rollers are used to roll the corn into uniform thin sheets with a thickness of 1-2 mm. The corn is then dried at low temperature to obtain the slow-release treated corn. It should be explained that corn flour primarily provides basic, readily available energy, while slow-release corn mainly provides energy for nighttime and sustained release. A comparison of starch and amino acid release efficiencies between regular corn and slow-release corn can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0027] The protein raw materials include the following parts by weight: 200 parts soybean meal with a protein content of 46%, 30 parts fermented soybean meal, and 25 parts corn gluten meal; It should be explained that: soybean meal with a protein content of 46% provides basic protein and amino acids; fermented soybean meal provides some medium-release small peptides and amino acids; and corn gluten meal provides high-concentration protein and balances the amino acid profile.

[0028] The major minerals include the following raw materials by weight: 85 parts stone powder, 12 parts dicalcium phosphate, and 3 parts salt; It needs to be explained that: stone powder is the main calcium source, used for eggshell formation; dicalcium phosphate provides phosphorus and calcium; and table salt provides sodium and chlorine.

[0029] The amino acid source includes the following raw materials by weight: 1.2 parts DL-methionine, 1.0 parts L-lysine salt, 0.5 parts L-threonine, 0.3 parts L-cysteine, 0.4 parts L-isoleucine, and 0.5 parts L-glutamine.

[0030] It needs to be explained that: DL-methionine crystals and L-lysine salts can be rapidly absorbed, accurately and promptly replenishing the initial peak concentration of essential amino acids in the blood after feeding, avoiding temporary deficiency; L-threonine is a medium-release functional amino acid with a smooth absorption kinetic curve, mainly flowing towards the intestinal mucosa and reproductive system, and is a key substrate for maintaining intestinal mucin secretion. It is also the second largest component amino acid of ovomucoid. During the rapid synthesis period after ovulation, a stable threonine flow can prevent the thick protein from thinning; L-cysteine ​​is a fast-responding sulfur-containing amino acid with extremely high bioavailability and redox activity. During the postprandial and nocturnal metabolic peaks, it can rapidly clear the fallopian tube epithelial cells caused by high-intensity protein synthesis. The formation of free radicals, and cysteine ​​is the only source of disulfide bonds (-SS-) in egg white protein. The cross-linking of disulfide bonds is the basis for the formation of a stable gel network in concentrated protein. L-Isoleucine is a stable and sustained medium-release amino acid with a unique glycemic regulation function, ensuring that the body maintains a stable energy metabolism state during the long egg production cycle. In addition, isoleucine is an essential component for the elongation of peptide chains of various egg white proteins (such as ovalbumin and ovomucoid). L-Valine is a medium-release amino acid that resists catabolism. Its absorption curve highly coincides with the hydrolysis peak of plant proteins such as soybean meal, which can perfectly fill the amino acid gap in the basic diet. Sufficient valine can ensure the balance of the amino acid profile and optimize the deposition efficiency of concentrated protein.

[0031] Appropriate amounts of vitamin premix and trace element premix are provided per kilogram of feed. The premix provides VA 12,000 IU, VD 3412 IU, VE 15 IU, VK 32 mg, thiamine 1 mg, riboflavin 8.5 mg, calcium pantothenate 50 mg, niacin 32.5 mg, pyridoxine 8 mg, biotin 2 mg, folic acid 5 mg, VB12 5 mg, choline 500 mg, manganese 65 mg, iron 60 mg, copper 8 mg, zinc 66 mg, iodine 1 mg, and selenium 0.3 mg.

[0032] The oil content is 10 parts by weight.

[0033] Example 2 The method for preparing laying hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients, as described in this embodiment of the invention, includes the following steps: (1) Raw material inspection and pretreatment: Inspection of raw materials: corn moisture content ≤14%, soybean meal protein content ≥46%, and all raw materials must be free of mold.

[0034] Stone powder / calcium hydride treatment: The particle size of stone powder (calcium carbonate) needs to be controlled at 80-120 mesh (approximately 0.12-0.18 mm).

[0035] (2) Crushing of large materials: The main feed consists of unground feeds such as corn and oilseed cake; Parameter settings: Screen aperture: 2.0mm - 2.5mm.

[0036] Particle size after pulverization: average particle size (GW) controlled at 600-700μm.

[0037] Temperature control: The discharge temperature of the pulverized material should be ≤ room temperature + 10℃ (to prevent high temperature from destroying the activity of vitamins; if the temperature is too high, it needs to be cooled).

[0038] (3) Feeding and mixing: To ensure the uniform distribution of trace components (amino acid packets, multi-dimensional minerals), the feeding principle of "from small to large and dilution step by step" must be strictly followed.

[0039] According to the above mass ratio, first add about 40% of the total mass of crushed corn flour and soybean meal as base material, then add amino acid source, vitamin premix, trace element premix, etc., then add dicalcium phosphate, salt, and oil (which needs to be atomized and sprayed), and finally add the remaining 60% of corn flour and soybean meal and other main ingredients, as well as slow-release corn.

[0040] (4) Mixing: After confirming that all raw materials have been added, start the mixer.

[0041] Mixing time parameters: Twin-shaft paddle mixer: Effective mixing time is 90-120 seconds (more than 3 minutes may cause separation).

[0042] Single-shaft ribbon mixer: effective mixing time is 3-5 minutes.

[0043] Judgment criterion: Coefficient of variation (CV) of mixing uniformity ≤ 5%.

[0044] When adding grease, it should be atomized and sprayed through the nozzle after 30 seconds of mixing, and mixing should continue until finished.

[0045] (5) Feeding: Feed should be discharged immediately after mixing to avoid gravity grading caused by prolonged stillness in the mixer. Feed can be bagged, transported in bulk via trolley or feed line to the chicken house for later use.

[0046] Example 3 The feeding method for laying hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption, as described in this embodiment of the invention, includes the following steps: Step 1: Daytime feeding: Start in the morning (e.g., 6:00-8:00) and continue until the afternoon (e.g., before 15:00) by feeding an enhanced diet (refer to the laying hen feed formula in Example 1); the amount of feed during this stage accounts for 65%-70% of the total daily feed intake.

[0047] Step 2: Nighttime Enhanced Feeding: In the late afternoon (e.g., 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM), feed the chickens a nighttime nutritionally enhanced mixed feed. During this stage, the feed amount should be strictly controlled to 30%-35% of the total daily feed intake to ensure the flock has finished eating before lights out and to avoid overfeeding or waste.

[0048] It should be noted that the difference between this nighttime nutritionally enhanced feed and the laying hen feed in Example 1 is as follows: The mass of steam-flaked corn was 86 parts; The fermented soybean meal weighs 50 parts; The mass of DL-methionine is 1.6 parts; The mass of tryptophan is 1.1 parts.

[0049] Example 4 The digestibility of dietary nutrients was observed by using a biomimetic digester for in vitro digestion and by directly feeding the food to laying hens.

[0050] Bionic digestion instrument for determining the release patterns of starch and amino acids in feed: First, sample pretreatment is performed. The feed to be tested is crushed and passed through a 40-60 mesh sieve, and 0.5-1.0g is accurately weighed and placed in a reaction flask. Then, biomimetic digestion is initiated: simulated gastric juice is added first, and the temperature is set to a constant 39-41℃ and the pH to be acidic. The stomach digestion is completed by simulating peristalsis and stirring for 2-4 hours. Next, the pH is adjusted to neutral / weakly alkaline, and simulated small intestinal juice containing bile salts is added. The reaction is continued at a constant temperature for 4-6 hours to complete intestinal digestion. The entire process dynamically simulates the digestive tract environment.

[0051] After the reaction is complete, immediately place the sample on ice or add an inhibitor to terminate enzyme activity. Centrifuge the digest at 4000 rpm for 10-15 minutes to separate the supernatant (digestible fraction) from the precipitate (undigested residue). Measure the starch and amino acid content in the original sample, supernatant, and precipitate, and calculate the starch and amino acid release rates.

[0052] Figure 2 A matching diagram of starch and amino acid release between conventional and optimized diets; by Figure 2 As can be seen, in the first half: the mismatched curves (traditional diets) result in energy and amino acids being delivered at off-peak times, leading to resource waste.

[0053] The problem is that glucose (energy) reaches its peak rapidly in the early stage (0-90 minutes), while amino acids (raw materials) only reach their peak in the later stage (120-240 minutes).

[0054] The lower half: Matched curves (optimized diet), the absorption peaks of glucose and amino acids highly overlap in the 60-150 minute range, forming a gray "overlapping area".

[0055] This embodies the principle of "synchronous absorption and promotion of protein synthesis".

[0056] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of amino acid release between conventional and optimized diets. Figure 3 As can be seen, the dark blue curve (traditional diet) shows a trend of rapid rise followed by slow decline. In the early stage (about 0-60 minutes), the release is rapid, reaching a relatively high peak, but then declines and fails to maintain a stable high level, corresponding to the "deep valley" part. This can partially explain why the traditional diet leads to insufficient amino acid concentration at night, because the release decays quickly and cannot support egg white synthesis and eggshell formation at night. The orange curve (optimized diet) exhibits a slow rise and maintenance at a high plateau, a typical "broad-topped, gentle plateau" pattern. Release is more uniform, without drastic fluctuations, maintaining an effective concentration (>50%) throughout the day (especially at night), ensuring stable eggshell quality and egg production. This indicates that the optimized diet combination indeed achieves a more stable amino acid supply. These results suggest that techniques such as multiple feedings can achieve precise and continuous release of amino acids, optimizing utilization efficiency.

[0057] Figure 4 The figure shows the simultaneous absorption curve matching of starch and amino acids in the optimized diet of this invention. As can be seen from the figure, the release rate (or absorption rate) of both glucose and amino acids shows a continuous upward trend over time, but the rate of increase and absolute value of glucose are always higher than those of amino acids.

[0058] Specifically, at 60 minutes, the glucose release rate reached 50%, while amino acids reached 30%, a difference of 20 percentage points; at 90 minutes, glucose rapidly increased to 75%, and amino acids simultaneously increased to 45%, widening the gap to 30 percentage points; at 120 minutes, glucose further reached 85%, and amino acids increased to 60%, maintaining a difference of 25 percentage points; at 150 minutes, the glucose release rate reached as high as 90%, approaching saturation, while amino acids reached 75%, narrowing the gap to 15 percentage points.

[0059] Overall, glucose exhibits a pattern of "explosive growth in the early stages followed by a slowdown," while the release of amino acids is relatively gradual and delayed, indicating that glucose bioavailability is faster than that of amino acids in this system. In summary, the 60-150 minute timeframe represents the synchronous absorption zone.

[0060] Figure 5A graph showing the efficiency of protein synthesis in the oviduct of laying hens was obtained using a high-dose shock method with a stable isotope (13C-leucine). Figure 5 It can be seen that the synthesis efficiency is 20% from 0 to 60 minutes, which is consistent with the poor synchronicity of glucose absorption compared to amino acids in in vitro experiments during this stage. The protein synthesis efficiency reaches 95% from 60 to 150 minutes, which is consistent with the better synchronization of starch and amino acid absorption in in vitro experiments. The protein synthesis efficiency drops to 40% from 150 to 240 minutes, which is consistent with the lag of amino acid absorption compared to glucose absorption.

[0061] It is evident that 60-150 minutes is the window period for simultaneous absorption of amino acids and glucose, during which protein synthesis efficiency reaches 95%. Further research revealed that the high protein synthesis efficiency within the synchronous window period is related to the fact that glucose does not excessively consume sodium ions when passing through the SGLT1 transporter, amino acid transporters (such as BOAT1) maintain normal activity, and the intracellular mTOR signaling pathway is fully activated.

[0062] Figure 6 The figure shows a comparison of the dynamic changes in blood amino acids in laying hens 24 hours after feeding with conventional and optimized diets. Feed intake was recorded at 06:00 AM throughout the experiment. The blood sampling protocol covered 24-hour dynamics: fasting baseline was measured immediately before feeding (0 h); considering the rapid digestion and early peak absorption (1-3 h) in poultry, intensive sampling was conducted during the peak absorption period (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4 h); subsequent sampling was conducted during the metabolic plateau period (6, 8, 12 h) and at longer time points (18, 24 h) to observe pre-meal residue levels and diurnal rhythms. A total of 11-12 time points were included throughout the cycle to comprehensively analyze the kinetic characteristics of nutrients from rapid absorption to metabolic equilibrium.

[0063] Depend on Figure 6 As can be seen, the blue line (traditional diet) has a "peak and valley" characteristic, the orange line (optimized diet) has a broad-topped and gentle plateau characteristic, and the green dashed line (ideal target) is a stable horizontal state.

[0064] The blue line (traditional diet) shows that the peak value rises rapidly after 6:00-8:00, but due to the limited digestion rate of soybean meal and the shortage of the first limiting amino acid (methionine), the effective utilization period is short.

[0065] 14:00-6:00 the next day: Amino acid concentration drops sharply. Especially between 2:00-4:00 AM (the critical late-night period for egg white synthesis and eggshell formation), the concentration drops to extremely low levels (<10%). This curve can partially explain why laying hens fed a single traditional diet for a long time are forced to break down muscle protein at night to maintain egg production, leading to long-term fatigue, a rapid decline in egg production rate in the later stages, and poor eggshell quality.

[0066] The orange line (optimized diet: fast + medium + slow + 5 synthetic amino acids) shows that: The crystalline amino acids (fast) added after 6:00 (meal start) instantly raise the concentration to the effective level (55%), avoiding hunger in the initial stage; 8:00-18:00 (daytime): Soybean meal (medium) continues to hydrolyze, and the combined effect of synthetic amino acids keeps the concentration at a high plateau of 70%-78%, without drastic fluctuations; 20:00-6:00 the next day (nighttime): Although feeding stops, slow-release sources (specifically treated plant proteins or fibroblast-bound proteins) continue to be released in the lower intestine, and combined with systemic circulation, the concentration only slowly decreases, always remaining above the safe line of 50%. This curve shows that the optimized diet can meet the needs of egg white synthesis (the peak period of concentrated egg white synthesis during the day and the continuous period of egg white synthesis at night) and eggshell formation (late night) around the clock, so an increase in nitrogen deposition rate and a decrease in fecal nitrogen excretion can be expected. The green dashed line (ideal target) represents the ultimate state pursued in precision nutrition. This straight line can be approached infinitely through more sophisticated microencapsulation technology or frequent feeding.

[0067] Performance testing Eight thousand Hy-Line Brown laying hens (280 days old) were selected, with 4,000 serving as the control group and the remaining 4,000 as the experimental group. The control group was fed ordinary commercial feed (priced at 2600 yuan / ton, feed conversion ratio 2.19:1); the experimental group was fed the feed formula of Example 1 of this invention (priced at 2800 yuan / ton). Results of the experiment (10 weeks): Feed conversion ratio: The average feed conversion ratio was 1.95:1 in the experimental group and 2.19:1 in the control group.

[0068] Egg production performance: The average egg production rate of the experimental group increased by 1.8%, and the average egg weight increased by 0.5 grams per egg.

[0069] Egg production cost accounting: The cost of egg production in the control group = 2.6 yuan / kg feed * 2.19 kg feed / kg eggs = 5.694 yuan / kg eggs.

[0070] The cost of egg production in the experimental group = 2.8 yuan / kg feed * 1.95 kg feed / kg eggs = 5.46 yuan / kg eggs.

[0071] Conclusion: Although the feed price in the experimental group was 200 yuan / ton higher, the feed cost per kilogram of eggs was actually 0.23 yuan lower. Considering the additional income from increased egg production rate and egg weight, the overall benefits are even more significant.

[0072] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption, characterized in that: It includes the following raw materials: energy source, protein source, amino acid source and macro-minerals; The energy source includes corn flour that releases energy rapidly and corn that has been treated with slow-release technology. The corn is treated with steam for 30-60 minutes at a temperature of 85-100℃ to increase its moisture content to 18%-20%. Then, the corn is rolled into uniform thin sheets with a thickness of 1-2 mm using preheated rollers and dried at low temperature to obtain the slow-release corn. The protein raw materials include soybean meal that releases protein rapidly, fermented soybean meal that releases protein at a medium rate, and corn gluten meal. The amino acid source includes rapidly absorbed crystalline amino acids and moderately absorbed functional amino acids. The major minerals include stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, and table salt.

2. The layer hen feed based on the synchronous dynamic release and absorption of nutrients according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight, the energy source comprises: 550 parts corn flour and 80 parts slow-release corn.

3. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 2, characterized in that: By weight, the protein raw materials include: 200 parts of soybean meal with a protein content of 46%, 30 parts of fermented soybean meal, and 25 parts of corn gluten meal.

4. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 3, characterized in that: By weight, the amino acid source includes the following raw materials: 1.2 parts DL-methionine, 1.0 part L-lysine salt, 0.5 parts L-threonine, 0.3 parts L-cysteine, 0.5 parts L-isoleucine, and 0.4 parts L-glutamine.

5. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 4, characterized in that: By weight, the major minerals include: 85 parts stone powder, 12 parts dicalcium phosphate, and 3 parts table salt.

6. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 5, characterized in that: Within 60-150 minutes after feeding, the starch release rate and amino acid release rate curves of the aforementioned laying hen feed match, forming a synchronous absorption window. During this window period, the protein synthesis efficiency of the laying hen's oviduct reaches or exceeds 90%.

7. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of this laying hen feed includes: The corn and soybean meal are ground into powder, and the particle size is controlled. Following the principle of gradual dilution, first add crushed corn flour and soybean meal as base material, then add amino acid source, vitamin premix and trace element premix, then add dicalcium phosphate, salt and oil, and finally add the remaining corn flour, soybean meal and slow-release corn. The coefficient of variation for the uniformity of mixing is ≤5%.

8. A layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding method for this laying hen feed is characterized by including a daytime feeding phase and a nighttime enhanced feeding phase: During the daytime feeding phase, the laying hen feed according to any one of claims 1-6 is administered, with the feed amount accounting for 65%-70% of the total daily feed intake; During the nighttime enhanced feeding phase, a nighttime nutritionally enhanced mixed feed is provided, accounting for 30%-35% of the total daily feed intake. Compared with the laying hen feed according to any one of claims 1-6, the nighttime nutrient-enhanced mixture has higher contents of steam-flaked corn, fermented soybean meal, DL-methionine and tryptophan; The mass of steam-flaked corn was 86 parts; The fermented soybean meal weighs 50 parts; The mass of DL-methionine is 1.6 parts; The mass of tryptophan is 1.1 parts.

9. An application of the layer hen feed based on the synchronization of dynamic nutrient release and absorption as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The aforementioned egg-laying hen feed is fed to the egg-laying hens to achieve the simultaneous release and absorption of starch and amino acids within 60-150 minutes after feeding, so that the protein synthesis efficiency of the oviduct of the egg-laying hens reaches or exceeds 90%, and the feed-to-egg ratio is reduced to below 2.0:1.

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