Automobile roof photovoltaic panel structure

Abstract

This application relates to the field of automotive photovoltaic application technology, specifically to a photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof. This application provides a photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof, including a solar panel assembly. The solar panel assembly includes at least one charging panel unit that can be displaced relative to a fixed frame. The charging panel unit is connected to the fixed frame via a linkage drive mechanism, which is a four-bar linkage mechanism used to drive the charging panel unit to move up and down relative to the fixed frame. The linkage drive mechanism is also equipped with an elastic ejector component, which is located below the linkage of the linkage drive mechanism and is used to apply an upward thrust to the linkage in the unlocked state to unfold the charging panel unit. In this application, the multiple four-bar linkages allow the front and rear linkages to rotate synchronously, ensuring that the lifting speed and lifting height of the four support points of the charging panel unit are completely consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive photovoltaic application technology, specifically to a photovoltaic panel structure for the roof of a car. Background Technology

[0002] As a clean energy vehicle power replenishment solution, vehicle-mounted photovoltaic systems can convert solar energy into electrical energy to power the vehicle's power battery and on-board electrical equipment, effectively reducing vehicle energy consumption and supplementing driving range, and have become an important research and development direction in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of vehicle roof photovoltaic structures: one is a fixed roof photovoltaic structure, in which photovoltaic modules are directly attached and fixed to the outer surface of the vehicle roof or integrated into the interior of the panoramic glass roof; the other is a movable roof photovoltaic structure, which optimizes the light-receiving efficiency of photovoltaic modules by adjusting the installation height and light-receiving angle of the photovoltaic modules.

[0004] However, existing technologies for lifting drive mechanisms in movable photovoltaic structures suffer from insufficient smoothness and stability. These mechanisms are prone to jamming, asynchronous movements, and photovoltaic module tilting, resulting in limited power generation efficiency and poor structural reliability. Furthermore, the lifting mechanisms lack effective safety limit designs, making them susceptible to accidental module ejection due to vibration or wind resistance during vehicle operation, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background section, this application provides a photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof, including a fixed frame and a solar panel assembly disposed within the fixed frame. The solar panel assembly includes at least one charging panel unit that can be displaced relative to the fixed frame. The charging panel unit is connected to the fixed frame via a linkage mechanism, which includes at least two sets of parallel linkages. One end of each linkage is hinged to the fixed frame, and the other end is hinged to the charging panel unit, for driving the charging panel unit to rise and fall synchronously relative to the fixed frame.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the linkage transmission mechanism is a four-bar linkage mechanism. Each set of linkages includes at least two parallel connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fixed frame, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the charging board unit.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the linkage transmission mechanism is further provided with an elastic ejection component. The elastic ejection component is disposed below the connecting rod of the linkage transmission mechanism and is used to apply an upward thrust to the connecting rod in the unlocked state to unfold the charging plate unit. The elastic ejection component includes a spring and a spring seat. The spring seat is disposed within the fixed frame and located directly below the middle of the connecting rod. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the connecting rod presses down on the spring to put it in a compressed energy storage state. When unlocked, the spring pushes up the connecting rod, thereby driving the charging plate unit to unfold upward.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the connecting rod has a downwardly bent or undulating relief portion in the middle of its body. The shape of the relief portion is adapted to the position of the elastic ejection component. A mounting plate is connected to one end of the spring near the connecting rod. The mounting plate is used to accommodate or abut the connecting rod in the retracted state.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, a solar panel assembly includes two symmetrically arranged charging panel units, namely a left charging panel and a right charging panel; each charging panel unit is connected to a linkage transmission mechanism below it, and the linkage transmission mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the charging panel units to provide uniform support force.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, a locking mechanism is also included. The locking mechanism is disposed between the fixed frame and the charging plate unit and is used to lock the charging plate unit in the storage position to resist the elastic force of the elastic ejection component.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging panel unit includes a photovoltaic module body and a support frame disposed around the photovoltaic module body. The support frame is formed by four rods connected end to end. A protective cover is provided on the outer side of the support frame, and the hinge point of the linkage transmission mechanism is connected to the support frame.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, a decorative frame is also provided on the outer periphery of the fixed frame. The decorative frame surrounds the outer periphery of the solar panel assembly, and the upper surface of the decorative frame is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel assembly in the stored state.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, the support frame is provided with a mounting groove for accommodating the linkage transmission mechanism. When the charging board unit is stored, the linkage transmission mechanism is folded and at least partially housed in the mounting groove.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, a solar panel assembly is installed on the top of a vehicle, and the fixing frame is sealed to the sheet metal structure of the vehicle roof.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the significant technical advancement of this application lies in the following: This application sets up multiple sets of four-bar linkages, with the front and rear linkages located below the charging panel rotating synchronously to ensure that the lifting speed and lifting height of the four support points of the charging panel unit are completely consistent, so that the force on the charging panel is evenly distributed. In addition, the avoidance part set in the middle of the rod body not only provides storage space for the elastic ejection component below, but also improves the bending load-bearing capacity of the rod body, compressing the overall thickness in the stored state while ensuring structural strength. The elastic ejection component is arranged below the connecting rod. In the stored state, it completes the storage of elastic potential energy by pressing down the connecting rod. After unlocking, it directly provides an upward thrust to the connecting rod, which can assist the connecting rod in quickly and fully unfolding the solar panel. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a car roof photovoltaic panel after the decorative frame has been removed;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A structural diagram showing the removal of part of the charging board unit;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the photovoltaic panel structure on the top of a car after removing the decorative frame, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural diagram showing the removal of part of the supporting frame and decorative frame;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100-Fixed frame; 200-Solar panel assembly; 300-Linkage transmission mechanism; 310-Connecting rod; 311-Allowing part; 400-Elastic ejection assembly; 410-Spring; 420-Spring seat; 500-Decorative frame; 600-Support frame; 610-Mounting groove; 700-Locking mechanism.

[0026] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0029] Secondly, it should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate the direction or positional relationship, are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] Currently, there are two main types of vehicle roof photovoltaic structures: one is a fixed roof photovoltaic structure, in which photovoltaic modules are directly attached and fixed to the outer surface of the vehicle roof or integrated into the interior of the panoramic glass roof; the other is a movable roof photovoltaic structure, which optimizes the light-receiving efficiency of photovoltaic modules by adjusting the installation height and light-receiving angle of the photovoltaic modules.

[0033] However, fixed photovoltaic structures are limited by their fixed installation method, and the angle of sunlight received by the photovoltaic modules cannot be flexibly adjusted. They are easily affected by the angle of sunlight and the vehicle's parking posture, resulting in low power generation efficiency. At the same time, the photovoltaic modules are installed close to the roof without an effective heat dissipation channel, which can easily lead to thermal decay of power generation efficiency and accelerated aging of materials. Moreover, they are susceptible to damage from external forces when exposed to the external environment for a long time. Movable photovoltaic structures, on the other hand, have problems with the smoothness and stability of the lifting drive mechanism. Existing lifting mechanisms are prone to jamming, asynchronous operation, and photovoltaic module posture deviation. They also have defects such as insufficient drive auxiliary design and safety limit design, poor layout flexibility and vehicle compatibility, and insufficient structural protection and long-term reliability.

[0034] Reference Appendix Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, this application provides a photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof, including a fixed frame 100 and a solar panel assembly 200 disposed within the fixed frame 100. The fixed frame 100 is used to fix it to the vehicle body structure on the roof. The solar panel assembly 200 includes at least one charging panel unit that can be displaced relative to the fixed frame 100. The charging panel unit is connected to the fixed frame 100 via a linkage mechanism 300, which is a four-bar linkage mechanism used to drive the charging panel unit to move up and down relative to the fixed frame 100. The linkage mechanism 300 is also equipped with an elastic ejection component 400, which is disposed below the link of the linkage mechanism 300 and is used to apply an upward thrust to the link in the unlocked state to unfold the charging panel unit. It can be understood that the solar panel assembly 200 integrates at least one set of charging panel units, which have a degree of freedom of movement relative to the fixed frame 100 and can smoothly switch positions between a retracted position that fits against the roof and an unfolded position that has been raised. The charging plate unit and the fixed frame 100 are connected by a linkage transmission mechanism 300. The linkage transmission mechanism 300 adopts a four-bar linkage configuration, converting the rotational motion into the directional lifting and lowering motion of the charging plate unit through the hinged rotation of the linkages. The linkage transmission mechanism 300 is also equipped with a flexible ejection component 400, which is located below the linkage structure of the linkage transmission mechanism 300. When the structure is unlocked, the flexible ejection component 400 applies an upward pushing force to the linkages, assisting the linkage transmission mechanism 300 in completing the transmission action and smoothly lifting and unfolding the charging plate unit. Specifically, this embodiment uses a four-bar linkage transmission mechanism 300 to drive the lifting and lowering of the charging plate unit; the flexible ejection component 400 provides initial driving force when the structure is unlocked. Simultaneously, when the charging plate unit is in its retracted state, it can fit snugly against the vehicle roof surface, exhibiting high adaptability.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, the four-bar linkage achieves synchronous lifting and lowering of the charging plate unit through parallel hinge points. Specifically, the hinge point axes of the connecting rods 310 are arranged horizontally along the vehicle body and are parallel to each other. The lifting and lowering movement of the charging plate unit is driven by the synchronous rotation of the connecting rods 310. When the drive mechanism is activated, the connecting rods 310 rotate synchronously around the hinge points, driving the charging plate unit to translate vertically, ensuring that the lifting speed and height of the four support points are completely consistent.

[0036] In an optional embodiment of this application, the unlocking of the unfolding limiting component can be achieved by the active drive of the linkage transmission mechanism 300: when the charging plate unit needs to be stored, the linkage transmission mechanism 300, driven by the active drive component, first drives the connecting rod to produce a small upward rotation, so that the connecting rod body disengages from the locking engagement with the groove, and then drives the connecting rod to rotate downward, so that the charging plate unit is smoothly lowered to the storage position; optionally, the unfolding limiting component can also be equipped with an electric unlocking top rod, which is fixed on the limiting plate body, and its protruding end is set towards the groove. When unlocking is required, the electric unlocking top rod pushes the connecting rod body downward, so that the connecting rod disengages from the locking limit of the groove, ensuring the smoothness of the unlocking action and avoiding jamming problems.

[0037] In another possible implementation, the solar panel assembly 200 of this application can also be configured as a multi-piece split structure arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Each charging panel unit can independently perform lifting and lowering actions, or can perform synchronous lifting and lowering actions in conjunction to adapt to different lighting conditions, vehicle parking posture, and energy replenishment needs. The charging panel unit and the fixed frame 100 are connected by a linkage transmission mechanism 300. The linkage transmission mechanism 300 can adopt a parallelogram four-bar configuration, a double rocker four-bar configuration, or a crank-slider four-bar configuration. Through the hinged rotational motion of the linkage, the rotational torque is converted into the directional linear lifting and lowering motion of the charging panel unit, or a composite motion combining lifting and angular deflection, so as to adjust the light-receiving angle of the photovoltaic module while raising the charging panel unit, thereby further improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0038] The elastic ejection assembly 400 located below the connecting rod can adopt a gas spring energy storage structure or an elastic rubber energy storage structure, with its energy storage end positioned opposite to the connecting rod body of the connecting rod transmission mechanism 300. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the elastic ejection assembly 400 is in a compressed energy storage state under the downward pressure of the connecting rod. When the structure is unlocked, the elastic ejection assembly 400 releases its elastic potential energy, providing an upward thrust to the connecting rod.

[0039] Reference Appendix Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the four-bar linkage includes at least two parallel connecting rods 310. One end of each connecting rod 310 is hinged to the fixed frame 100, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the charging plate unit. It is understood that the four-bar linkage constituting the linkage transmission mechanism 300 in this embodiment has at least two parallel connecting rods 310. One end of each connecting rod 310 is hinged to a corresponding mounting position on the fixed frame 100, and the other end is hinged to a corresponding position on the bottom of the charging plate unit. Multiple parallel connecting rods 310, the fixed frame 100, and the charging plate unit together constitute a parallelogram linkage transmission system, with all hinged axes remaining parallel to each other. This embodiment uses parallel connecting rods 310 to form a parallelogram four-bar linkage transmission system, ensuring that the charging plate unit maintains a stable horizontal posture throughout the entire lifting stroke, preventing unilateral tilting or asynchronous movements, and also making the force distribution on the charging plate unit more uniform.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, one end of the parallel connecting rod 310 is hinged to the fixed frame 100, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the charging plate unit. The hinge points of the four connecting rods 310 are kept parallel. When the drive mechanism is started, the four connecting rods 310 rotate synchronously around the hinge points, driving the charging plate unit to translate in the vertical direction. Due to the parallel arrangement of the connecting rods 310, the charging plate unit always maintains a horizontal posture during the lifting and lowering process, avoiding unilateral tilting or deflection.

[0041] Alternatively, the four-bar linkage can be composed of multiple parallel connecting rods 310 inclined below the charging plate unit, with a motor mounted on the side of each connecting rod 310. Alternatively, a single main motor can be used to control the movement of the multiple connecting rods 310. Preferably, this application uses a motor mounted on the side of each connecting rod 310. The overall transmission method can be a structure of motor and speed reduction transmission mechanism. The speed reduction transmission mechanism can be any one of worm gear transmission, gear transmission, lead screw transmission, or belt transmission. The output end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the hinge shaft of one of the connecting rods of the linkage transmission mechanism 300, driving the connecting rod to rotate around the hinge shaft, thereby driving the entire four-bar linkage to complete the lifting action. When the motor starts, the rod inside the connecting rod 310 is pushed out, causing the upper charging plate unit to be pushed out along the length of the connecting rod 310. The solar panel assembly 200 of this application has two charging plate units. When the two charging plate units are pushed out, they move toward opposite sides, exposing the fixed charging plate located below the movable charging plate unit, so that the area of ​​the whole vehicle that can receive sunlight is maximized and the charging efficiency is improved.

[0042] According to one embodiment of this application, the elastic ejection assembly 400 includes a spring 410 and a spring seat 420, with the spring seat 420 located directly below the middle of the connecting rod 310. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the connecting rod 310 presses down on the spring 410 to put it in a compressed energy storage state. When unlocked, the spring 410 pushes up the connecting rod 310, thereby driving the charging plate unit to unfold upward.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, the elastic ejection component 400 is disposed below the link body of the linkage transmission mechanism 300. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the link body rotates as the charging plate unit falls, and the link body compresses the spring 410 to put it in a compressed energy storage state. When unlocked, the spring 410 releases its elastic potential energy, pushes the link body upward, and drives the link to rotate around the hinge point.

[0044] It should be noted that the reference appendix Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the elastic ejection assembly 400 in this embodiment includes a spring 410 and a spring seat 420. The bottom of the spring seat 420 is connected to the spring 410. The spring seat 420 includes a rectangular frame adapted to the surface shape of the connecting rod 310. The rectangular frame partially surrounds the bottom of the connecting rod 310. A tapered column is provided at the bottom of the rectangular frame, and the spring 410 is sleeved on the outside of the column. In the locked state, the spring 410 is in a compressed state. When the locking mechanism 700 is opened, the spring 410 resets and causes the upper rectangular frame to spring up, causing the connecting rod 310 to swing towards the front or rear of the vehicle. The spring 410 is assembled in the corresponding limiting structure of the spring seat 420, and its top end is arranged towards the rod body of the connecting rod 310. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the connecting rod 310 rotates as the charging plate unit falls, and the rod body exerts a continuous downward pressure on the spring 410, causing the spring 410 to be in a compressed and energy-storing state, completing the storage of elastic potential energy. When the locking state of the entire structure is released, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 410 is released, pushing the connecting rod 310 upward, causing the connecting rod 310 to rotate around the hinge point, and then driving the charging plate unit to complete the upward and smooth unfolding action through the linkage transmission.

[0045] In another optional embodiment of this application, the spring seat 420 can be integrally cast, bolted, welded, or snap-fitted. When a split assembly structure is adopted, the limiting plate can be fixed to the crossbeam or longitudinal beam of the fixed frame 100 by fastening bolts. Its installation position can be flexibly adjusted according to the movement trajectory of the connecting rod to adapt to different lifting stroke requirements. The groove can be set as any one of V-shaped limiting groove, arc-shaped limiting groove, or rectangular limiting groove with a stop. Optionally, the inner wall of the groove can be provided with an elastic buffer pad. The elastic buffer pad can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or silicone. On the one hand, it can play a buffering role when the connecting rod is snapped in, avoiding abnormal noise and structural damage caused by rigid collision. On the other hand, the elastic preload can eliminate the fit gap between the connecting rod and the groove, further improving the structural stability in the snapped state and avoiding vibration and abnormal noise during vehicle operation. Furthermore, on the link rod of the linkage transmission mechanism 300, at the position corresponding to the groove, a snap-fit ​​protrusion adapted to the groove configuration can be provided. When the charging board unit is raised to the preset working position, the snap-fit ​​protrusion is embedded in the groove to form a surface contact snap-fit ​​engagement, further improving the reliability of the limit.

[0046] Reference Appendix Figure 4 and Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the connecting rod 310 has a downwardly bent or undulating relief portion 311 in the middle of its body. The shape of the relief portion 311 is adapted to the position of the elastic ejection component 400. A mounting plate is connected to one end of the spring 410 near the connecting rod 310. The mounting plate is used to accommodate or abut against the connecting rod 310 in the retracted state.

[0047] Furthermore, the clearance portion 311 adopts a downward bending or undulating structure, and its overall outline is adapted to the installation position of the elastic ejector assembly 400. This provides ample clearance space for the elastic ejector assembly 400 when the structure is retracted. The central clearance portion 311 effectively reduces the stacking height of the connecting rod 310 and the elastic ejector assembly 400 in the retracted state, allowing the charging plate unit to fit more closely to the roof mounting surface and adapt to the limited installation space on the roof. A mounting plate is fitted to one end of the spring 410 near the connecting rod 310. When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the mounting plate forms a stable abutment with the connecting rod 310, and also provides containment and limitation for the corresponding part of the connecting rod 310. Simultaneously, the bending or undulating structure of the clearance portion 311 effectively improves the structural rigidity and bending resistance of the connecting rod 310 itself, reducing the risk of deformation or breakage of the rod body under stress.

[0048] According to one embodiment of this application, the solar panel assembly 200 includes two charging panel units arranged symmetrically from left to right, namely a left charging panel and a right charging panel; each charging panel unit is connected to four linkage transmission mechanisms 300 below it. The four linkage transmission mechanisms 300 are symmetrically distributed in pairs on opposite sides of the charging panel unit to provide uniform support force. Both sets of charging panel units can independently complete the lifting and lowering action relative to the fixed frame 100 without interfering with each other.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the linkage transmission mechanism 300 adopts a parallelogram double rocker four-bar linkage configuration. Each linkage transmission mechanism 300 includes two connecting rods 310 of equal length and parallel to each other, namely the active connecting rod 310 and the driven connecting rod 310. The lower ends of the active connecting rod 310 and the driven connecting rod 310 are hinged to the lower hinge seat on the fixed frame 100 through hinge pins, and the upper ends are hinged to the upper hinge seat at the bottom of the charging board unit through hinge pins. The center distance between the upper and lower hinge points of the two connecting rods 310 is equal, and together with the fixed frame 100 and the charging board unit, they form a closed-loop parallelogram linkage transmission system. All the hinge pin axes of the connecting rods 310 are arranged horizontally along the transverse direction of the vehicle body, and the axes of all the hinge pin axes are parallel to each other, so that the rotation plane of the connecting rods 310 is a vertical plane along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Structurally, the connecting rods 310 are limited to rotating and swinging only in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. When the connecting rods 310 rotate around the pin of the lower hinge seat, the upper hinge seat moves synchronously with the swing of the connecting rods 310, driving the charging plate unit to complete the vertical lifting and lowering action. Throughout the entire lifting and lowering stroke, the charging plate unit always remains parallel to the roof plane, and its overall motion trajectory follows a parallelogram translation law.

[0050] The dual charging panel units can be individually controlled to deploy one or both sets simultaneously, depending on actual lighting conditions, vehicle parking posture, and charging needs. This enhances the flexibility and adaptability of photovoltaic power generation, maximizing the utilization of solar resources and improving power generation efficiency. Simultaneously, the symmetrical arrangement ensures a more even load distribution across the entire roof, preventing concentrated loads on one side from placing additional strain on the vehicle structure and optimizing the vehicle's stress state. Furthermore, the multi-point support structure improves the structural stability of the charging panel units after deployment, maintaining a stable posture even under wind resistance and slight vibration conditions, preventing swaying or deformation.

[0051] Reference Appendix Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown in the embodiment provided in this application, the photovoltaic panel structure on the roof of the car in this embodiment is also equipped with a locking mechanism 700. The locking mechanism 700 is arranged between the fixed frame 100 and the corresponding mating position of the charging panel unit. When the charging panel unit is lowered to the storage position, it can form a stable locking limit on the charging panel unit, reliably fixing it in the storage position, counteracting the upward elastic force continuously applied by the elastic ejection component 400, and preventing the charging panel unit from accidentally popping out. In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 700 can be a manual unlocking structure or an electric unlocking structure. When it is a manual unlocking structure, the user needs to use a key to turn the lock hole provided on the side of the solar panel component 200 to unlock the state; when it is an electric unlocking structure, the user can click the unlock-related button on the car's interior screen, and the motor located near the charging panel will start to unlock the state. The locking mechanism 700 can lock the charging panel unit in the storage state, effectively preventing the charging panel unit from accidentally popping out due to factors such as bumps, vibrations, and wind resistance during vehicle operation, ensuring structural safety during driving. In an optional embodiment of this application, the locking mechanism 700 may also be equipped with an electric unlocking rod. The electric unlocking rod is fixed to the limiting plate, with its protruding end facing the groove. When unlocking is required, the electric unlocking rod pushes the connecting rod 310 downward, causing the connecting rod 310 to disengage from the locking limit of the groove, ensuring smooth unlocking action and avoiding jamming. The electric unlocking rod can be remotely controlled via the vehicle's infotainment system, allowing users to trigger the unlocking operation via in-vehicle buttons or an app.

[0052] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging panel unit includes a photovoltaic module body and a support frame 600 disposed around the photovoltaic module body. The support frame 600 is formed by four rods connected end to end to form a frame structure, which completely wraps around the edge of the photovoltaic module body. A protective member is provided on the outer side of the support frame 600 to protect the exposed structure of the support frame 600. The hinge point of the linkage transmission mechanism 300 is connected to the support frame 600.

[0053] The support frame 600 in this embodiment provides protection and rigid support for the fragile photovoltaic module body, preventing damage caused by impact and vibration during transportation, assembly, and use. The protective component covers the internal support frame 600 and connecting structure, and provides a waterproof and dustproof seal to prevent external moisture and dust from entering the structure and corroding the internal hinge structure.

[0054] According to one embodiment of this application, a decorative frame 500 is further provided on the outer periphery of the fixed frame 100. The decorative frame 500 surrounds the solar panel assembly 200, forming an outer covering of the internal structure. Its inner contour matches the outer contour of the solar panel assembly 200, and the upper surface of the decorative frame 500 is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel assembly 200 in the retracted state. It can be understood that the decorative frame 500 provided on the outer periphery of the fixed frame 100 in this embodiment can cover the assembly gap and connecting structure between the fixed frame 100 and the vehicle roof, improving the overall appearance quality of the vehicle. In the retracted state, the decorative frame 500 is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel assembly 200, eliminating protruding steps in the structure and reducing wind resistance and wind noise during vehicle operation.

[0055] According to one embodiment of this application, the support frame 600 is provided with a mounting groove 610 for accommodating the linkage transmission mechanism 300. When the charging panel unit is retracted, the four-bar linkage is folded and at least partially housed within the mounting groove 610. The linkage and components such as the pad connecting to the solar panel assembly 200 are all housed within the mounting groove 610 in the retracted state. After retraction, the charging panel unit covers the mounting groove 610, and the charging panel unit and the side decorative frame 500 are flush, preventing sand and gravel splashed during vehicle operation from entering the mounting groove 610 and causing wear to the linkage.

[0056] According to one embodiment of this application, a solar panel assembly 200 is installed on the top of a vehicle, and a fixing frame 100 is sealed to the sheet metal structure of the vehicle roof.

[0057] It should be noted that the solar panel assembly 200 has two installation methods. The first method is the original factory pre-installation scheme. During the vehicle manufacturing stage, the solar panel assembly 200 directly replaces the sheet metal skin structure of the traditional roof, becoming an integral part of the roof assembly. The outer contour of the fixing frame 100 is adapted to match the body opening contour of the roof. The periphery of the fixing frame 100 is provided with flanged mounting surfaces that match the sheet metal structures of the roof side panels, the upper crossbeam of the windshield, and the upper crossbeam of the rear panel.

[0058] The second implementation method is the aftermarket adaptation assembly solution. For existing vehicles that have been mass-produced and launched, the solar panel module 200 adopts a non-destructive aftermarket assembly method. It is fixedly assembled onto the original roof sheet metal structure of the vehicle in a way similar to the installation of a roof rack. There is no need to cut, drill holes or make structural modifications to the original vehicle body roof structure, so as to achieve rapid assembly without damaging the original vehicle structure.

[0059] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0060] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof, comprising a fixed frame (100) and a solar panel assembly (200) disposed within the fixed frame (100), characterized in that, The solar panel assembly (200) includes at least one charging panel unit that is displaceable relative to the fixed frame (100); the charging panel unit is connected to the fixed frame (100) via a linkage transmission mechanism (300), the linkage transmission mechanism (300) includes at least two sets of parallel linkages, one end of each linkage is hinged to the fixed frame (100), and the other end is hinged to the charging panel unit, for driving the charging panel unit to move up and down synchronously relative to the fixed frame (100).

2. The photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage transmission mechanism (300) is a four-bar linkage mechanism. Each set of linkages includes at least two parallel connecting rods (310). One end of the connecting rod (310) is hinged to the fixed frame (100), and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the charging board unit.

3. The photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage transmission mechanism (300) is also equipped with an elastic ejection assembly (400). The elastic ejection assembly (400) is located below the connecting rod of the linkage transmission mechanism (300) and is used to apply an upward thrust to the connecting rod in the unlocked state to unfold the charging plate unit. The elastic ejection assembly (400) includes a spring (410) and a spring seat (420). The spring seat (420) is located inside the fixed frame (100) and directly below the middle of the connecting rod (310). When the charging plate unit is in the retracted state, the connecting rod (310) presses down on the spring (410) to make it in a compressed energy storage state. When unlocked, the spring (410) pushes up the connecting rod (310), thereby driving the charging plate unit to unfold upward.

4. The photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod (310) has a downward bending or undulating relief part (311) in the middle of its body. The shape of the relief part (311) is adapted to the position of the elastic ejection assembly (400). The spring (410) is connected to a mounting plate at one end near the connecting rod (310). The mounting plate is used to accommodate or abut the connecting rod (310) in the retracted state.

5. A photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solar panel assembly (200) includes two charging panel units arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, namely a left charging panel and a right charging panel; each charging panel unit is connected to a linkage transmission mechanism (300) below it, and the linkage transmission mechanisms (300) are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the charging panel units to provide uniform support force.

6. The photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a locking mechanism (700) disposed between the fixed frame (100) and the charging plate unit, for locking the charging plate unit in the storage position to resist the elastic force of the elastic ejection component (400).

7. The photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging panel unit includes a photovoltaic module body and a support frame (600) located around the photovoltaic module body. The support frame (600) is formed by four rods connected end to end. The hinge point of the linkage transmission mechanism (300) is connected to the support frame (600).

8. A photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the fixed frame (100) is also provided with a decorative frame (500), which surrounds the solar panel assembly (200), and the upper surface of the decorative frame (500) is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel assembly (200) in the stored state.

9. A photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support frame (600) is provided with a mounting groove (610) for accommodating the linkage transmission mechanism (300). When the charging board unit is stored, the linkage transmission mechanism (300) is folded and at least partially housed in the mounting groove (610).

10. A photovoltaic panel structure for a car roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar panel assembly (200) is mounted on the top of the vehicle, and the fixing frame (100) is sealed to the sheet metal structure of the vehicle roof.

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