A ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering energy absorption function

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of ship equipment, and particularly relates to a ship berthing anti-collision device with a buffering and energy-absorbing function, which comprises a plurality of buffers connected to the ship side, wherein the buffer comprises a connecting plate and a jet tank, the jet tank is internally provided with a gas pump module, the output end of the gas pump module faces downward, and a central jet hole is formed in the bottom of the jet tank. Through the arrangement, the ship can be stably berthed in a mode of first deceleration and then inertia sliding and adhering during berthing, various collision damage problems easily encountered during the berthing process of the ship are greatly reduced, the influence of fluctuating water flow on the berthing of the ship is reduced by cooperating with the design of reducing the draft of the ship, the ship can be adhered to the shore after berthing, the function of stably boarding and alighting the ship is realized, the kinetic energy absorbed by the elastic parts is small, the parts are not excessively damaged, and the service life of the equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine equipment, specifically a ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering and energy absorption functions. Background Technology

[0002] Ship berthing anti-collision equipment is a key facility to ensure safe contact between ships and docks. Common anti-collision equipment includes rubber fenders, foam fenders and composite fenders, which absorb the impact energy when ships berth by using highly elastic materials, reducing damage to the hull and dock structure.

[0003] The equipment needs to be selected and designed according to the tonnage of the ship, the berthing speed and the structure of the wharf to ensure sufficient cushioning performance and durability. In terms of durability, materials that are resistant to aging, seawater corrosion and wear should be selected, and a regular inspection and maintenance system should be established to ensure that the equipment maintains reliable performance in the complex marine environment for a long time, extend the overall service life and ensure the efficient and safe operation of the port.

[0004] Traditional ship berthing collision avoidance devices mostly rely on a single elastic material for collision buffering. However, in practical applications, due to water surface fluctuations and the precision of berthing speed control, ships often approach the shore at non-ideal speeds. Upon impact, this can easily generate a rebound effect, causing damage to the device itself and leading to the ship drifting in the opposite direction, requiring repeated power adjustments to complete berthing. Intentionally reducing the berthing speed would affect operational efficiency. Furthermore, after berthing, gaps can easily form between the ship and the shore due to water waves or personnel movement, often requiring the use of ropes or other auxiliary means to maintain a close fit, affecting the safety and convenience of boarding and disembarking.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a ship docking anti-collision device with buffer energy absorption function. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The present invention provides a ship docking anti-collision device with buffer energy absorption function, including multiple buffers connected to the side of the ship. The buffer includes a connecting plate and a spray can. The spray can has a built-in air pump module with the output end of the air pump module facing downward. A central spray hole is opened at the bottom of the spray can. A rotating arm is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate facing the spray can. An adjustment platform is fixedly connected to the top of the spray can. An adjustment motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the adjustment platform. The output end of the adjustment motor is fixedly connected to the rotating arm. Two symmetrically arranged rangefinders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the side of the connecting plate facing the spray can. An elastic buffer ring is sleeved on the outside of the spray can. Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components, this device can first change the waterline state of the ship using jet airflow during berthing, and then combine the adjustable jet direction to achieve phased control of the berthing speed, allowing the ship to complete the final docking by inertial gliding, thereby reducing impact damage during berthing; at the same time, by adjusting the jet direction and force, the ship can maintain a continuous shore-hugging state after docking without the need for additional auxiliary fixation; throughout the entire process, the elastic buffer component only bears low kinetic energy impact, which helps to extend the overall service life of the device.

[0008] Preferably, the spray tank includes an upper support base, which is fixedly connected to an adjustment platform. A movable cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper support base. The buffer ring is slidably engaged with the outside of the movable cylinder. A lower spray base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable cylinder. The central spray hole is located at the bottom of the lower spray base. The buffer ring adopts a lightweight structure and can automatically maintain itself in the horizontal middle area under the action of water buoyancy. This allows the contact position between the buffer ring and the shore to be adaptively adjusted according to the changes in the ship's draft, avoiding buffer failure due to draft differences or the need to install large-sized buffer components.

[0009] Preferably, the lower spray seat has multiple adjustment slots on its outer bottom, and a rotatable side spray pipe is installed in the adjustment slot. The side spray pipe is connected to the air pump module. The multiple side spray pipes are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. Multiple rangefinders II adapted to the side spray pipes are fixed to the outer side of the lower spray seat near the top. When the ship approaches the shore, the multiple lower spray seats can be adjusted to a vertical position as a whole, and the side spray pipes are used for fine spray control. By adjusting the pointing angle of the side spray pipes, an auxiliary force is applied to the ship for fine-tuning of its attitude after berthing. The rangefinders II collect the distance information between the ship and the shore when the lower spray seat is kept vertical, which serves as the basis for adjusting the spray angle and force of the side spray pipes.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the upper support base is fixedly connected to both ends of the upper support base, and a water shield is fixedly connected to the outside of the air suction valve. Multiple air suction valves are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment platform. Air is introduced through the upper air suction valve to support the spraying operation. The water shield is used to reduce the direct impact of water waves. The built-in air pump module adopts a dual-use form of air and liquid. When the air suction valve is affected by water waves, it automatically switches to the higher air suction valve to supply air, ensuring the continuity of air supply.

[0011] Preferably, an inner moving sleeve is slidably engaged with the outer side of the moving cylinder, and multiple binding ribs are fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving cylinder. Multiple sliding grooves adapted to the binding ribs are opened on the inner wall of the inner moving sleeve. The binding ribs restrict the circumferential rotation of the inner moving sleeve, so that it remains stable during the lifting and lowering process. Its circumferential position can be manually adjusted periodically to reduce local wear caused by long-term force in a single direction.

[0012] Preferably, the upper and lower sides of the buffer ring are both attached to the upper and lower sides of the inner movable sleeve and are fixed by multiple sets of bolts. An annular expansion bladder is fixed inside the buffer ring. The expansion bladder is connected to an air pump module. Air is injected into the expansion bladder by the air pump module to make it expand, pushing the buffer ring outward to increase the contact volume and buffer stroke to cope with larger kinetic energy impacts. When replacing the buffer ring, it is only necessary to remove the bolts to complete the disassembly and assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the movable cylinder has multiple sets of opening and closing valves connected to the air pump module. The multiple opening and closing valves in each set are arranged vertically at equal intervals. Multiple communicating vessels are provided on the inner wall of the movable cylinder. The communicating vessels have transmission holes that communicate with the expansion bladder. Both the communicating vessels and the transmission holes are arranged in a vertical elongated shape. When the buffer ring rises and falls with the inner movable sleeve to the middle and is flush with the water surface, the opening and closing valves at the corresponding positions form a passage with the communicating vessels. The opening and closing valves open, and the airflow enters the expansion bladder through the transmission holes to inflate it. The opening and closing valves at other positions remain closed. After inflation is completed, the entire cylinder can be sealed. After the air pressure drops naturally, it can be replenished again.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the movable cylinder is equipped with multiple pressure relief valves communicating with the expansion inner bladder. Multiple sensors are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the movable cylinder. A drive component for controlling the lifting and lowering of the buffer ring is installed on the inner wall of the inner movable sleeve. The pressure relief valves can actively release the air pressure inside the expansion inner bladder. The sensors on the upper and lower sides are used to sense the humidity status. The system keeps the lower sensor underwater and the upper sensor above the water. When the two statuses are consistent, the drive component is activated and drives the inner movable sleeve to lift and lower until the upper and lower sensors are restored to the state of being in different media, thereby ensuring that the buffer ring is always located in the effective working area near the water surface.

[0015] Preferably, multiple transmission teeth are fixed to the outer side of the movable cylinder, the driving component is connected to the transmission gear, the driving component is electrically connected to the sensor, the transmission teeth are separated from the opening and closing valve by a binding rib, the driving component adopts an electric wheel structure, and drives the inner movable sleeve to rise and fall by cooperating with the transmission teeth, thereby reducing the problem of buffer ring position displacement caused by water surface fluctuations or mechanical jamming.

[0016] Preferably, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected inside the rotating arm, and a bent locking arm is fixedly connected to the top of the electric telescopic rod. A locking hole is provided on the top of the adjustment platform. When the spray can is in a vertical working posture, the electric telescopic rod drives the locking arm to sink and form a fixed engagement with the locking hole to achieve posture locking of the spray can. Multiple locking holes can be set on the adjustment platform according to the commonly used working orientation to adapt to the posture fixing requirements under different parking scenarios.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering and energy absorption function described in this invention, through the overall configuration of the jet canister that can generate jet airflow, enables the ship to achieve a gradual berthing method during the berthing process, which first decelerates and then slides along the shore by inertia, effectively reducing the risk of impact damage caused by improper speed control during berthing; in conjunction with the jet airflow's effect on regulating the ship's draft, it weakens the interference of water surface fluctuations on the berthing attitude; at the same time, after berthing is completed, by adjusting the direction and force of the jet, the ship can maintain a continuous close contact with the shore, providing stable conditions for personnel to board and disembark; finally, the residual kinetic energy absorbed by the elastic component is small, which helps to reduce component wear and extend the overall service life of the device.

[0018] 2. The ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering and energy absorption function described in this invention uses a lightweight structure for the buffer ring. It is naturally maintained in the horizontal mid-section by the buoyancy of the water, allowing the buffer ring to make effective contact with the shore at different drafts without the need for a large-sized buffer structure. When the buffer ring rises and falls with the inner moving sleeve to the middle and is level with the water surface, the corresponding opening and closing valves and the communicating vessel automatically form a passage. The opening and closing valves open and introduce airflow into the expansion bladder, causing it to expand. The opening and closing valves at other positions remain closed. The communicating vessel can control the opening and closing of the opening and closing valves using methods including but not limited to magnetic attraction. The valves open when the communicating vessel completely covers them and close when it moves away, thus enabling the function of replenishing air to the expansion bladder at different lifting and lowering positions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the spray can and connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the connecting plate and the adjusting platform of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the spray can of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the buffer ring and inner movable sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the inner movable sleeve and communicating vessel of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Buffer; 2. Connecting plate; 3. Spray can; 4. Rangefinder I; 5. Rotating arm; 6. Locking arm; 7. Adjusting platform; 8. Upper support seat; 9. Lower spray seat; 10. Moving cylinder; 11. Buffer ring; 12. Adjusting groove; 13. Side spray pipe; 14. Center spray hole; 15. Electric telescopic rod; 16. Adjusting motor; 17. Intake valve I; 18. Intake valve II; 19. Restraining rib; 20. Transmission gear; 21. Opening and closing valve; 22. Rangefinder II; 23. Inner moving sleeve; 24. Communicating device; 25. Transmission hole; 26. Pressure relief valve; 27. Locking bolt; 28. Sensor; 29. ​​Inflatable inner bladder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a ship docking anti-collision device with buffer energy absorption function includes multiple buffers 1 connected to the side of the ship. Each buffer 1 includes a connecting plate 2 and a spray canister 3. The spray canister 3 has a built-in air pump module with the output end of the air pump module facing downward. A central spray hole 14 is opened at the bottom of the spray canister 3. A rotating arm 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 2 facing the spray canister 3. An adjustment platform 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the spray canister 3. An adjustment motor 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the adjustment platform 7. The output end of the adjustment motor 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating arm 5. Two symmetrically arranged rangefinders 4 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the side of the connecting plate 2 facing the spray canister 3. An elastic buffer ring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the spray canister 3. Multiple buffers 1 are distributed around the vessel and fixed to it with bolts via connecting plates 2. When the vessel enters the berthing phase, the distance measuring instrument 4 on the corresponding berthing side connecting plate 2 continuously collects the distance information between the vessel and the shore. The distance measuring instrument 4 can use optical ranging, completing distance detection through laser emission and reception. When the distance between the vessel and the shore enters a preset range, multiple spray canisters 3 simultaneously spray gas downwards, forming a vertical downward airflow column, applying an upward reaction force to the vessel, causing the waterline to rise and reducing the interference of water surface fluctuations on the vessel's attitude. It is necessary to keep the bottom of the spray canisters 3 below the water surface at all times. As the vessel continues to approach, the distance measuring instrument 4 provides real-time feedback on distance changes, and the system controls the corresponding side spray canister 3 to rotate towards the shore, with a maximum rotation angle not exceeding forty degrees, ensuring that the jet airflow outlet is always below the water surface. After rotation, the spray canister 3 uses spray... The thrust is applied to the horizontal direction to decelerate the ship, while the remaining jet canisters 3 continue to spray downwards but with a reduced intensity to maintain the overall force balance of the ship. Since the downward spray reduces the contact volume between the ship and the water surface, the ship's horizontal movement is more flexible, and the deceleration effect of the tilted spray is more pronounced. When the rangefinder 4 detects that the ship is about to completely touch the shore, the system controls the tilted jet canisters 3 to return to a vertical position. The ship relies on its remaining inertia to approach the shore at a low speed, where the elastic buffer ring 11 absorbs the final inertial impact, completing a smooth docking. After docking, the system controls multiple jet canisters 3 far from the shore to tilt outwards and maintain a low-speed spray, ensuring the ship continues to be thrust towards the shore, maintaining a close fit between the ship and the shore, facilitating boarding and disembarking. The buffer ring 11 maintains appropriate deformation under continuous thrust, ensuring stable force distribution.

[0023] The spray tank 3 includes an upper support base 8, which is fixedly connected to the adjustment platform 7. A movable cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper support base 8. The buffer ring 11 is slidably engaged with the outside of the movable cylinder 10. A lower spray base 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable cylinder 10. The central spray hole 14 is located at the bottom of the lower spray base 9. During operation, the overall density of the buffer ring 11 is low, and it automatically maintains itself in the horizontal middle area under the action of water buoyancy, so that the ship can keep the buffer ring 11 in effective contact with the shore under different draft conditions, without the need to set up a large-size buffer structure.

[0024] The lower spray seat 9 has multiple adjustment slots 12 on its outer bottom. A rotatable side spray pipe 13 is installed in the adjustment slot 12. The side spray pipe 13 is connected to the air pump module. The multiple side spray pipes 13 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. Multiple rangefinders 22 that are adapted to the side spray pipes 13 are fixed to the outer side of the lower spray seat 9 near the top. During operation, as the ship approaches the shore, multiple lower spray mounts 9 can be adjusted to a vertical position as a whole, and fine spraying is carried out through the side spray nozzles 13. The angle adjustment of the side spray nozzles 13 is used to apply auxiliary force to the ship for fine-tuning of its attitude after berthing. The rangefinder 22 collects the distance information between the ship and the shore while the lower spray mounts 9 are kept vertical, which serves as the basis for controlling the spray angle and force of the side spray nozzles 13.

[0025] The top of the upper support 8 is fixedly connected to both ends of the suction valve 2 18, and a water-proof cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the suction valve 2 18. Multiple suction valves 17 are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment platform 7. During operation, air is introduced through the upper intake valve 18 to support the spraying operation. The water shield is used to reduce the direct impact of water waves. The built-in air pump module adopts a dual-use form of air and liquid. When the intake valve 18 is affected by water waves, it automatically switches to the higher intake valve 17 to supply air, ensuring the continuity of air supply.

[0026] The outer side of the movable cylinder 10 is slidably engaged with the inner movable sleeve 23, and the outer side of the movable cylinder 10 is fixed with multiple binding ribs 19. The inner wall of the inner movable sleeve 23 is provided with multiple sliding grooves that are adapted to the binding ribs 19. During operation, the circumferential rotation of the inner moving sleeve 23 is restricted by the binding rib 19, so that it remains stable during lifting and lowering. Its circumferential position can be manually adjusted periodically to reduce local wear caused by long-term force in one direction.

[0027] The upper and lower sides of the buffer ring 11 are attached to the upper and lower sides of the inner movable sleeve 23 and are fixed by multiple sets of locking bolts 27. An annularly arranged expansion bladder 29 is fixed inside the buffer ring 11, and the expansion bladder 29 is connected to the air pump module. During operation, air is pumped into the expansion bladder 29 through the air pump module to make it expand, pushing the buffer ring 11 outward to increase the contact volume and buffer stroke in order to cope with larger kinetic energy impacts; when replacing the buffer ring 11, it is only necessary to remove the locking bolt 27 to complete the disassembly and assembly.

[0028] The surface of the movable cylinder 10 is provided with multiple sets of opening and closing valves 21 that are connected to the air pump module. The multiple opening and closing valves 21 in each set are arranged vertically at equal intervals. Multiple communicating vessels 24 are provided on the inner wall of the movable cylinder 10. The communicating vessels 24 are provided with transmission holes 25 that are connected to the expansion bladder 29. Both the communicating vessels 24 and the transmission holes 25 are arranged in a vertically elongated shape. During operation, when the buffer ring 11 rises and falls with the inner moving sleeve 23 to the middle and is flush with the water surface, the corresponding opening and closing valve 21 and the communicating vessel 24 form a passage. The opening and closing valve 21 opens, and the airflow enters the expansion bladder 29 through the transmission hole 25 to achieve inflation. The opening and closing valve 21 in other positions remains closed. The communicating vessel 24 can control the opening and closing of the opening and closing valve 21 by means of magnetic attraction, etc. It opens when the communicating vessel 24 completely covers the opening and closing valve 21 and closes when it moves away. Thus, inflation of the expansion bladder 29 can be achieved at different lifting and lowering positions. It can also be completely sealed after one inflation and replenished again after the air pressure drops naturally.

[0029] The top of the movable cylinder 10 is equipped with multiple pressure relief valves 26 that communicate with the expansion inner bladder 29. Multiple sensors 28 are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the movable cylinder 10. The inner wall of the inner movable sleeve 23 is equipped with a drive component for controlling the lifting and lowering of the buffer ring 11. During operation, the pressure inside the expansion bladder 29 can be actively released through the pressure relief valve 26; the sensors 28 on the upper and lower sides are used to sense the humidity status. The system keeps the lower sensor 28 underwater and the upper sensor 28 above the water. When the two are in the same state, the drive unit is activated and drives the inner moving sleeve 23 to rise and fall until the upper and lower sensors 28 are restored to the state of being in different media, thereby ensuring that the buffer ring 11 is always in the effective working area near the water surface.

[0030] Multiple transmission teeth 20 are fixed to the outer side of the movable cylinder 10. The driving component is connected to the transmission gear 20 in a transmission connection. The driving component is electrically connected to the sensor 28. The transmission teeth 20 are separated from the opening and closing valve 21 by the binding rib 19. During operation, the drive unit can adopt an electric wheel structure, which drives the inner moving sleeve 23 to rise and fall through cooperation with the transmission gear 20, reducing the problem of position displacement of the buffer ring 11 caused by water surface fluctuations or mechanical jamming.

[0031] An electric telescopic rod 15 is fixedly connected inside the rotating arm 5, and a bent locking arm 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the electric telescopic rod 15. A locking hole is provided on the top of the adjusting platform 7. When the spray can 3 is in a vertical working position, the electric telescopic rod 15 drives the locking arm 6 to sink and form a fixed engagement with the locking hole to lock the attitude of the spray can 3. Multiple locking holes can be set on the adjustment table 7 according to the commonly used working orientation to adapt to the attitude fixation requirements under different parking scenarios.

[0032] During operation, multiple buffers 1 are installed around the vessel using connecting plates 2 and bolts. When the vessel prepares to dock, the distance measuring device 4 on the corresponding connecting plate 2 begins to measure the distance between the vessel and the docking shore in real time. The distance measuring device 4 can use optical ranging settings, completing the ranging work through the reflection and reception of laser light. When the vessel gets too close to the docking shore, multiple spray canisters 3 will collectively spray gas downwards, forming a vertically downward airflow column, thus giving the vessel an upward reaction force, making the vessel's waterline shallower, thereby reducing the impact of water surface fluctuations on the vessel. It should be noted that the bottom of the spray canisters 3 is always below the water surface; As the vessel continues to approach the shore, the rangefinder 4 provides real-time feedback, which in turn controls the corresponding jet canister 3 to rotate towards the shore, with a maximum rotation angle not exceeding forty degrees. This ensures that the airflow ejected from the bottom of the jet canister 3 remains below the water surface. Since the rotating jet canisters 3 are all positioned on the side of the vessel closest to the shore, the resulting thrust acts on the vessel, effectively reducing its speed as it approaches the shore. Simultaneously, the other jet canisters 3 continue to eject airflow downwards, which also reduces their ejection speed. Because some jet canisters 3 have rotated, the downward component of the force decreases, requiring the vessel to maintain force balance. The downward ejection reduces the volume of the vessel in contact with the water surface, thus... When a ship is subjected to external forces, it is more likely to move horizontally. This makes the reaction force exerted by the tilted spray canister 3 on the ship more effective, thus more stably slowing the ship down and allowing it to safely dock. When the rangefinder 4 detects that the ship is about to completely touch the shore, it controls the tilted spray canister 3 to rotate back to a vertical position, allowing the ship to rely on its remaining inertia to slowly touch the shore. The elastic buffer ring 11 absorbs the final inertial impact, allowing the ship to dock smoothly at the shore. Furthermore, after docking, multiple spray canisters 3 further away from the shore can be controlled to tilt outwards and spray at low speed to clean the area. This ensures that the ship always has a thrust that compresses the shore, keeping it in contact with the shore. Located at the shore, it facilitates the boarding and disembarking of personnel. Because the force remains constant and the buffer ring 11 deforms appropriately to maintain force balance, the stability of the vessel is preserved. This design not only enables the vessel to decelerate before gliding and berthing at the shore, significantly reducing various collision damage issues that are easily encountered during docking, but also, combined with the design that lowers the vessel's draft, reduces the impact of fluctuating water currents on the vessel's berthing. It also ensures that the vessel remains close to the shore after docking, allowing personnel to board and disembark stably. Furthermore, the kinetic energy absorbed by the elastic components is relatively small, preventing excessive damage to the parts and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0033] The buffer ring 11 is relatively light and will be kept in the middle of the horizontal position under the action of buoyancy. This ensures that the buffer ring 11 can fit against the shore when the ship is approaching the shore, regardless of the ship's draft. This eliminates the need to make a buffer ring 11 with an extremely large area.

[0034] When the ship approaches the shore, all of the lower spray mounts 9 can be adjusted to a vertical position and sprayed by the smaller side nozzles 13. By adjusting the angle of the side nozzles 13, a small force is applied to the ship to facilitate the fine-tuning process after the ship docks. The rangefinder 22 can measure the distance between the ship and the shore while the lower spray mounts 9 are kept vertical, thereby controlling the spray and rotation angle of the side nozzles 13.

[0035] Air is drawn in through the upper intake valve 2 18 to complete the spraying operation. The water shield can simply prevent water waves from entering. The built-in air pump module can be a dual-purpose air-liquid type, so the spraying will not be affected by water flow. However, the airflow intake and spraying power are stronger. When water waves continue to affect the intake valve 2 18, the system will switch to the upper intake valve 1 17 for air supply.

[0036] The inner movable sleeve 23 is constrained by the binding edge 19 and cannot rotate, so it can be raised and lowered relatively stably. It can also be manually turned at regular intervals, reducing the problem of severe damage caused by long-term stress on one side.

[0037] Air is filled into the inflatable bladder 29 by the air pump module, causing it to expand and push the buffer ring 11 outward, thus providing a larger volume to contact the shore and a larger buffer space to absorb more kinetic energy. When the buffer ring 11 needs to be replaced, simply pull out the locking bolt 27, replace it with a new buffer ring 11, and then use the locking bolt 27 to fix it.

[0038] When the buffer ring 11 moves up and down to the middle and is level with the water surface, the corresponding opening and closing valve 21 will connect with the communicating vessel 24, thereby opening the opening and closing valve 21 and allowing airflow to be smoothly injected into the expansion bladder 29 to cause it to expand. The other opening and closing valves 21 will not open. The communicating vessel 24 can use methods including but not limited to magnetic attraction to control the opening and closing valves 21 to open. After the communicating vessel 24 completely covers the opening and closing valve 21, it will open. When the opening and closing valve 21 moves away, it will close. This completes the function of filling the expansion bladder 29 with air at different positions. It can also be completely sealed after one filling. When the air pressure leaks after long-term use, it can be filled again.

[0039] The air pressure in the expansion bladder 29 is released by the pressure relief valve 26; the sensors 28 on both the upper and lower sides are used to detect humidity. The lower sensor 28 needs to be kept underwater and the upper sensor 28 needs to be above water. When both are above or below water, the drive unit will be controlled to forcibly drive the inner moving sleeve 23 to move until the two environments are different, so that it can stop. This can ensure that the buffer ring 11 is always kept in the middle of the water surface, which can effectively buffer and squeeze the shore.

[0040] The driving component can be an electric wheel, which can easily drive the inner moving sleeve 23 to rise and fall under the friction with the transmission gear 20, reducing the problem of inaccurate position of the buffer ring 11 caused by large water surface fluctuations or jamming.

[0041] When the spray can 3 is kept vertical, the locking arm 6 can be lowered by the electric telescopic rod 15 and fixed with the locking hole, thereby completing the function of locking the spray can 3. It can stably maintain the shape of the spray can 3. Multiple locking holes can also be opened on the outside of the adjustment table 7 as needed. These are the commonly used orientations and positions of the spray can 3, and locking can be performed in the corresponding state to ensure the stable operation of the spray can 3.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function, comprising multiple buffers connected to the side of the ship, each buffer including a connecting plate and a spray canister, the spray canister having a built-in air pump module with its output end facing downwards for spraying air downwards to adjust the ship's draft, the bottom of the spray canister having a central nozzle for forming a vertically downward airflow column, a rotating arm fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate facing the spray canister, an adjustment platform fixedly connected to the top of the spray canister, an adjustment motor fixedly connected to the middle of the adjustment platform, the output end of the adjustment motor being fixedly connected to the rotating arm for driving the spray canister to rotate relative to the connecting plate to change the spray direction, two symmetrically arranged rangefinders fixedly connected to the bottom side of the connecting plate facing the spray canister for real-time acquisition of the distance information between the ship and the shore as a basis for controlling the rotation of the spray canister, and an elastic buffer ring fitted on the outside of the spray canister for absorbing residual inertial impact when the ship berths at shore.

2. A ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray tank includes an upper support base, which is fixedly connected to an adjustment platform. A movable cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper support base. A buffer ring is slidably engaged with the outside of the movable cylinder. A lower spray base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable cylinder. The central spray hole is located at the bottom of the lower spray base.

3. A ship berthing anti-collision device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower injection seat has multiple adjustment slots on its outer bottom. Rotatable side spray pipes are installed in the adjustment slots. The side spray pipes are connected to the air pump module. The multiple side spray pipes are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. Multiple rangefinders adapted to the side spray pipes are fixed to the outer side of the lower injection seat near the top.

4. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the upper support base is fixedly connected to both ends with a second suction valve, and a water-proof cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the second suction valve. Multiple first suction valves are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment platform.

5. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the movable cylinder is slidably engaged with an inner movable sleeve, and the outer side of the movable cylinder is fixed with multiple binding ridges. The inner wall of the inner movable sleeve is provided with multiple sliding grooves that are adapted to the binding ridges.

6. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the buffer ring are both attached to the upper and lower sides of the inner movable sleeve and are fixed by multiple sets of locking bolts. An annularly arranged expansion bladder is fixed inside the buffer ring, and the expansion bladder is connected to the air pump module.

7. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the movable cylinder is provided with multiple sets of opening and closing valves that are connected to the air pump module. The multiple opening and closing valves in each set are arranged vertically at equal intervals. Multiple communicating vessels are provided on the inner wall of the movable cylinder. The communicating vessels are provided with transmission holes that are connected to the expansion bladder. Both the communicating vessels and the transmission holes are arranged in a vertical elongated shape.

8. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the movable cylinder is equipped with multiple pressure relief valves that communicate with the expansion inner bladder. Multiple sensors are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the movable cylinder. A drive component for controlling the lifting and lowering of the buffer ring is installed on the inner wall of the inner movable sleeve.

9. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 8, characterized in that: Multiple transmission teeth are fixed to the outer side of the moving cylinder. The driving component is connected to the transmission gear and electrically connected to the sensor. The transmission teeth are separated from the opening and closing valve by a restraining ridge.

10. A ship berthing collision avoidance device with buffering and energy absorption function according to claim 9, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected inside the rotating arm, and a bent locking arm is fixedly connected to the top of the electric telescopic rod. A locking hole is provided on the top of the adjusting platform.

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