Miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundancy anti-sticking structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of directional valve technology, specifically a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure. It includes a housing with an internal air passage, a valve stem slidably disposed within the housing, a pneumatic piston connected to one end of the valve stem for driving the valve stem to reciprocate, a valve core slidably mounted on the valve stem and located within the air passage, and an anti-jamming component connected between the valve stem and the valve core. This component includes a positioning disc fixedly connected to the surface of the valve stem and an energy storage spring sleeved outside the valve stem, with both ends of the energy storage spring abutting against the positioning disc and the valve stem, respectively. When the valve core jams within the air passage, the valve stem can overcome the resistance of the anti-jamming component and continue moving relative to the valve core, allowing the anti-jamming component to store energy. When the stored energy reaches a threshold, the anti-jamming component releases the energy to drive the valve core to generate an impact motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of directional valve technology, specifically a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumatic directional control valves, as key actuators in automated control systems, are widely used in petrochemical, pharmaceutical, food processing, and mining machinery industries. In flammable and explosive environments, the safety and reliability of pneumatic directional control valves directly affect the stable operation of the entire production system and the safety of personnel. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation, higher requirements are being placed on the miniaturization, high responsiveness, and explosion-proof performance of pneumatic directional control valves.

[0003] In industrial environments, pneumatic directional valves often face harsh operating conditions. The media may contain solid particles, crystals, high-viscosity substances, or corrosive components. These contaminants easily deposit, scale, or form sticky deposits in the clearance between the valve core and sleeve. This is especially true in miniature pneumatic directional valves, where the small size and clearance (typically only a few micrometers to tens of micrometers) significantly increase the risk of jamming. Statistics show that in chemical and mining applications, approximately 35% of pneumatic control system failures originate from directional valve jamming, leading to production interruptions, equipment damage, and even safety accidents.

[0004] For example, patent document CN121408308B includes a valve body. From left to right, the lower side of the valve body has a first vent, a vent hole, and a second vent hole. A valve core is housed within the valve body's inner cavity. A front baffle is located at the left end of the valve body, and a piston assembly is located on the right side of the valve body, contacting the right end face of the valve core. The valve body has a first annular protrusion, a second annular protrusion, a third annular protrusion, a fourth annular protrusion, and a fifth annular protrusion corresponding to each hole. A plug A is located on the outer side of the vent hole. The vent hole is connected to the piston assembly via a pipe inside the valve body, and a plug B is located inside the pipe. The electromagnetic structure of this patent document is integrated, resulting in better coaxiality of the parts during production and assembly, effectively ensuring product lifespan and a very low product failure rate. Compared to existing split structures, it offers higher electromagnetic conversion efficiency and effectively reduces product power consumption.

[0005] While existing technologies can achieve excellent component coaxiality through precision manufacturing and assembly processes, ensuring long-term reliable operation and superior sealing performance under ideal conditions, when valves are deployed in actual industrial environments, unavoidable solid particles, crystalline precipitates, and high-viscosity contaminants in the medium will gradually accumulate and deposit in the precision fit gap between the valve core and valve sleeve. This continuous contaminant intrusion and deposition process severely disrupts the original precision fit, leading to a sharp increase in valve core movement resistance and ultimately causing jamming. Jamming not only directly impairs the valve's switching accuracy and response speed but also damages the integrity of the sealing interface, making it difficult to sustain the performance advantages gained through high-precision manufacturing in actual use, thus creating a significant gap between manufacturing precision and operational reliability. Therefore, this application proposes a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure, comprising a housing, wherein an air passage is formed inside the housing, and further comprising: The valve stem is slidably disposed within the housing; A pneumatic piston, connected to one end of the valve stem, is used to drive the valve stem to reciprocate. The valve core is slidably sleeved on the valve stem and located within the air passage; An anti-jamming assembly is connected between the valve stem and the valve core. It includes a positioning plate fixedly connected to the surface of the valve stem and an energy storage spring sleeved on the outside of the valve stem. The two ends of the energy storage spring abut against the positioning plate and the valve stem, respectively. When the valve core is stuck in the air passage, the valve stem can overcome the resistance of the anti-sticking component and continue to move relative to the valve core, and the anti-sticking component stores energy. When the stored energy reaches a threshold, the anti-sticking component releases the energy to drive the valve core to generate an impact motion.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-jamming component further includes a vibration generating mechanism, which includes a multi-stage internal convex gear fixedly connected inside the valve core. The multi-stage internal convex gear is arranged around the positioning disk, and multiple energy-accumulating hammer handles are elastically connected to the outer surface of the positioning disk. When the valve core is jammed and the valve stem drives the positioning disk to continue moving, the energy-accumulating hammer handles can alternately abut against multiple tooth stages of the multi-stage internal convex gear and generate periodic hammering, causing the valve core to vibrate axially.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a misaligned damping mechanism, which includes a damping air chamber formed inside the valve core. The damping air chamber is connected to the inside of the valve core through an input port. A flexible resonant airbag is provided inside the valve core. A double-ended piston rod is slidably connected to one end of the damping air chamber. When the valve core is stuck, causing relative displacement between the valve rod and the valve core, the gas inside the valve core is squeezed and enters the damping air chamber through the input port, pushing the double-ended piston rod to move and compress the flexible resonant airbag, thereby consuming the energy of the relative displacement.

[0010] Preferably, the misalignment damping mechanism further includes an air supply chamber and a tension spring. The air supply chamber is connected to the output end of the flexible resonant airbag, and the tension spring is connected between the double-ended piston rod and the inner wall of the damping air chamber to provide a restoring force after the flexible resonant airbag is compressed.

[0011] Preferably, a flexible collar is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the valve core, and a plurality of beveled sealing rings are provided on the outer surface of the flexible collar. An air delivery assembly communicating with the air delivery chamber is provided inside the flexible collar, and the air delivery assembly is used to expand the flexible collar to apply radial force to the inner wall of the air passage.

[0012] Preferably, the gas delivery assembly includes a side gas pipe communicating with the gas delivery chamber, a constant pressure double-ended plunger is slidably connected inside the flexible collar, a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the constant pressure double-ended plunger, cranks are rotatably connected to both sides of the connecting seat, and a top seat connected to the inclined sealing ring is rotatably connected to the end of the crank away from the connecting seat. When the gas inside the flexible collar increases, it expands, pushing the constant pressure double-ended plunger to move, and then driving the cranks to swing through the connecting seat, causing the top seat to push the inclined sealing ring to expand.

[0013] Preferably, the misalignment damping mechanism is provided in two sets symmetrically along the axial center of the valve core, corresponding to the jamming in the two directions of valve core movement.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-section of the inclined sealing ring is wedge-shaped, and its inclined surface is configured to generate an axial component force acting on the valve core when it expands.

[0015] Preferably, a displacement sensor is fixedly connected between the valve stem and the positioning plate, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the relative displacement between the positioning plate and the valve core.

[0016] Preferably, the housing is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, and an exhaust port, and the reciprocating motion of the valve stem is used to drive the valve core to move within the air passage, thereby changing the connection relationship between the air inlet, the air outlet, and the exhaust port.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When the valve core becomes stuck under harsh operating conditions, the energy storage spring in the anti-jamming component can accumulate and release energy instantaneously, generating a powerful impact to free the valve core from jamming. At the same time, the energy storage hammer handle in the vibration generating mechanism works in conjunction with the multi-stage internal convex gear to convert the continuous movement of the valve stem into high-frequency periodic hammering, generating a continuous micro-vibration effect, effectively loosening contaminants at the jamming interface. The misaligned damping mechanism, through the energy dissipation mechanism of the damping air chamber, double-headed piston rod, and flexible resonant airbag, not only limits the relative displacement amplitude between the valve stem and the valve core, preventing overload damage to the mechanism, but also enhances the freeing effect through gas pulsation and material vibration. The displacement sensor monitors the relative displacement between the positioning plate and the valve core in real time, providing status feedback to the system. The two symmetrically set misaligned damping mechanisms ensure that both bidirectional jamming can be effectively handled. These mechanisms can work independently or work together to form a multi-layered protection system.

[0018] 2. The impact kinetic energy and gas pressure energy generated during the jamming process are no longer simply negative byproducts. The impact energy is converted into a controllable buffer by the misalignment damping mechanism, while the gas pressure energy is recovered by the gas delivery component and converted into valuable power to drive the expansion of the beveled sealing ring. The beveled sealing ring itself embodies intelligent functional switching: under normal conditions, it acts as an auxiliary seal; during jamming, under the drive of gas pressure, it instantly switches to increasing friction through radial expansion to stabilize the valve core and generating axial auxiliary thrust through the bevel. During the periodic expansion and reset process, the wedge-shaped surface of the beveled sealing ring continuously scrapes and squeezes the inner wall of the gas passage, effectively removing sludge, scale, and fine particles that are about to accumulate, achieving dynamic self-cleaning. In addition, the continuous micro-vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism can also inhibit the deposition and adhesion of particulate matter. This preventive mechanism fundamentally improves the operating environment of the valve core. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas path structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning disk in this invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the valve stem structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure in this invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage internal convex gear in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the damping air cavity in this invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0020] In the diagram: 100, housing; 101, air inlet; 102, air outlet; 103, exhaust port; 104, air passage; 105, valve stem; 106, pneumatic piston; 107, valve core; 200, positioning plate; 201, displacement sensor; 202, energy storage spring; 203, multi-stage internal convex gear; 204, power storage hammer handle; 300, damping air chamber; 301, input port; 302, double-ended piston rod; 303, flexible resonant airbag; 304, air delivery chamber; 305, tension spring; 400, beveled sealing ring; 401, side air pipe; 402, constant pressure double-ended piston rod; 403, connecting seat; 404, crank; 405, top seat; 406, flexible collar. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic reversing valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure, including a housing 100, and an air passage 104 formed inside the housing 100.

[0023] It also includes a valve stem 105, which is slidably disposed on the housing 100.

[0024] It also includes a pneumatic piston 106, which is connected to one end of the valve stem 105 and is used to drive the valve stem 105 to reciprocate. When the control signal is applied to the pneumatic piston 106, it drives the valve stem 105 to perform reciprocating linear motion.

[0025] It also includes a valve core 107, which is slidably sleeved on the valve stem 105 and located in the air passage 104.

[0026] The housing 100 has three main interfaces: an air inlet 101, an air outlet 102, and an exhaust outlet 103. The valve core 107 is slidably positioned in a key location within the air passage 104. Its axial movement changes the connection relationship of the internal flow channels, thereby achieving a reversing function: either connecting the air inlet 101 to the air outlet 102 for air supply, or connecting the air outlet 102 to the exhaust outlet 103 for air exhaust. The anti-jamming component, connected between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107, includes a positioning disc 200 fixedly connected to the surface of the valve stem 105 and an energy storage spring 202 sleeved on the outside of the valve stem 105. The two ends of the energy storage spring 202 abut against the positioning disc 200 and the valve stem 105, respectively. When the valve core 107 is jammed in the air passage 104, the valve stem 105 continues to move under the drive of the pneumatic piston 106, but cannot move the valve core 107. At this time, the valve stem 105 drives the positioning disc 200 to move relative to the jammed valve core 107, thereby compressing or stretching the energy storage spring 202, causing it to store elastic potential energy like a drawn bow. When the spring force accumulates enough to overcome the static friction of the jamming, the energy stored in the energy storage spring 202 is released instantaneously, pushing the valve core 107 into a violent impact-like jumping motion, forcibly breaking free from the jammed state. This is the first layer of anti-jamming protection.

[0027] When the valve core 107 is stuck in the air passage 104, the valve stem 105 can overcome the resistance of the anti-jamming component and continue to move relative to the valve core 107, and the anti-jamming component stores energy. When the stored energy reaches the threshold, the anti-jamming component releases the energy to drive the valve core 107 to generate an impact motion.

[0028] Furthermore, the anti-jamming component also includes a vibration generating mechanism. This mechanism aims to loosen jamming objects through high-frequency micro-vibration. The vibration generating mechanism includes a multi-stage internal convex gear 203 fixedly connected inside the valve core 107. The multi-stage internal convex gear 203 surrounds the positioning disk 200. Multiple energy-accumulating hammer handles 204 are elastically connected to the outer surface of the positioning disk 200. When the valve core 107 is jammed and the valve stem 105 drives the positioning disk 200 to continue moving, the energy-accumulating hammer handles 204 alternately abut against multiple tooth steps of the multi-stage internal convex gear 203, generating periodic hammering and causing the valve core 107 to vibrate axially. During the relative misalignment between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107, the positioning disk 200 drives the energy-accumulating hammer handles 204 to move together. The energy-accumulating hammer handles 204 will sequentially climb, slip, and impact the continuous annular tooth steps on the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 in a cycle. For every tiny step forward of the valve stem 105 (approximately one tooth pitch), the energy storage hammer handle 204 strikes the tooth surface once, thereby transmitting a series of high-frequency micro-vibrations to the entire valve core 107 body via the multi-stage internal convex gear 203. This continuous axial vibration effectively disturbs and loosens impurities at the jamming interface, significantly reducing frictional resistance and assisting the impact energy storage mechanism in extricating itself from its predicament. This is the second layer of anti-jamming protection.

[0029] A displacement sensor 201 is fixedly connected between the valve stem 105 and the positioning plate 200. The displacement sensor 201 is used to detect the relative displacement between the positioning plate 200 and the valve core 107. The displacement sensor 201 can be installed on the valve stem 105 or the positioning plate 200 to detect the relative displacement between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 in real time and accurately. This signal is the key basis for judging the occurrence of jamming, assessing the severity of jamming, and triggering intelligent control strategies as described later.

[0030] Furthermore, to optimize the anti-jamming process, prevent component damage due to excessive instantaneous impact, and utilize the energy generated during the misalignment process, a misalignment damping mechanism is also provided. This mechanism includes a damping air chamber 300 located within the valve core 107. The damping air chamber 300 communicates with the valve core 107 via an input port 301. A flexible resonant airbag 303 is installed within the valve core 107. A double-ended piston rod 302 is slidably connected to one end of the damping air chamber 300. When the valve core 107 jams, causing the valve rod 105 to engage with the valve core 107… When relative displacement occurs, the gas inside the valve core 107 is compressed and enters the damping air chamber 300 through the input port 301, pushing the double-headed piston rod 302 to move and compress the flexible resonant airbag 303 to consume the energy of the relative displacement. The misalignment damping mechanism also includes an air supply chamber 304 and a tension spring 305. The air supply chamber 304 is connected to the output end of the flexible resonant airbag 303, and the tension spring 305 is connected between the double-headed piston rod 302 and the inner wall of the damping air chamber 300 to provide a restoring force after the flexible resonant airbag 303 is compressed.

[0031] When the valve stem 105 and valve core 107 experience relative displacement due to jamming, the positioning disc 200 compresses the gas in one side of the cavity within the valve core 107. The compressed gas rapidly enters the damping gas chamber 300 through the input port 301, pushing the double-ended piston rod 302 to move, thereby compressing the flexible resonant airbag 303 on the other side. The compression process of the flexible resonant airbag 303 absorbs and dissipates this impact energy, acting as a buffer and damper, making the misalignment and energy storage process smoother and more controllable. The gas inside the compressed flexible resonant airbag 303 can be discharged into the connected gas delivery chamber 304 through its output end. The tension spring 305 connected between the double-ended piston rod 302 and the cavity wall provides a restoring force after the impact. This misalignment damping mechanism is typically arranged in two sets symmetrically along the center of the valve core 107 to address the jamming of the valve core in two different directions of movement.

[0032] Among them, two sets of misaligned damping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged along the axial center of the valve core 107, respectively corresponding to the jamming in the two directions of movement of the valve core 107.

[0033] Specifically, during use, the position of the valve stem 105 is adjusted by opening the pneumatic piston 106, thereby changing the position of the valve core 107 in the air passage 104, realizing the connection between the air inlet 101 and the outlet 102 or the connection between the outlet 102 and the exhaust port 103, and completing the reversing operation. Because industrial environments often contain solid particles, crystals, or high-viscosity substances, these substances can easily deposit in the gas path 104, causing jamming. The valve stem 105 is slidably connected to the valve core 107. When the valve stem 105 moves, it drives the valve core 107 through the energy storage spring 202 sleeved in the valve core 107. When the valve core 107 is jammed in the gas path 104, the valve stem 105 will not be jammed and will move. At this time, the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will be misaligned, which will compress the energy storage spring 202 to store energy. When the spring force accumulates enough to overcome the jamming friction, the energy is released instantaneously, pushing the valve core 107 to form an impact-like jumping motion, thereby breaking free from the jamming state. Simultaneously, when the valve core 107 is stuck, the misalignment between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will cause the positioning disk 200 and the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 to shift in position. The power-accumulating hammer handle 204 on the outer surface of the positioning disk 200 will alternately abut against the ring teeth of the multiple multi-stage internal convex gears 203, thereby transmitting the impact force to the valve core 107, causing it to vibrate. This process repeats under the continuous movement of the valve stem 105. For every tiny distance (one tooth pitch) that the valve stem 105 moves, the power-accumulating hammer handle 204 will strike the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 once, causing the stuck valve core 107 to generate an axial micro-impact and micro-vibration. Since the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 is continuous, this process will continuously generate a series of high-frequency micro-vibrations until the sticking is broken. When the valve core 107 becomes stuck, the misalignment between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will change the position of the positioning disk 200 within the valve core 107. At this time, the gas on one side of the valve core 107 will be squeezed, causing the gas to flow into the damping air chamber 300 through the input hole 301. This will then push the double-headed piston rod 302 on one side to move and squeeze the flexible resonant airbag 303 on the other end. When the flexible resonant airbag 303 is squeezed and deformed, it will release its own gas into the air supply chamber 304. This set of components is symmetrically arranged along the center of the valve core 107. This means that when the valve core 107 moves to the left and becomes stuck, the positioning disk 200 will squeeze the gas on the left side of the valve core 107 and flow into the damping air chamber 300 through the input hole 301. Since the movement of the double-headed piston rod 302 is driven by the gas, its squeezing of the flexible resonant airbag 303 will generate energy damage, thereby inhibiting the continuous misalignment between the valve core 107 and the valve stem 105 and reducing the stroke of the misalignment on both sides.

[0034] In summary, when the valve core 107 becomes stuck under harsh operating conditions, the energy storage spring 202 in the anti-jamming component can accumulate and release energy instantaneously, generating a powerful impact to free the valve core 107 from jamming. Simultaneously, the energy storage hammer handle 204 in the vibration generating mechanism works in conjunction with the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 to convert the continuous motion of the valve stem 105 into high-frequency periodic hammering, generating a continuous micro-vibration effect that effectively loosens contaminants at the jamming interface. The misalignment damping mechanism, through the damping air chamber 300, the double-headed piston rod 302, and... The energy dissipation mechanism of the flexible resonant airbag 303 not only limits the relative displacement amplitude between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 to prevent overload damage to the mechanism, but also enhances the escape effect through gas pulsation and material vibration; the displacement sensor 201 monitors the relative displacement between the positioning disk 200 and the valve core 107 in real time, providing status feedback to the system; the two sets of symmetrically arranged misaligned damping mechanisms ensure that bidirectional jamming can be effectively handled. These mechanisms can work independently or work together to enhance efficiency, forming a multi-layer protection system.

[0035] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a miniature explosion-proof pneumatic reversing valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure.

[0036] It also includes a flexible collar 406 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the valve core 107. The outer surface of the flexible collar 406 is provided with multiple beveled sealing rings 400. The interior of the flexible collar 406 is provided with an air delivery assembly that communicates with the air delivery chamber 304. The air delivery assembly is used to expand the flexible collar 406 to apply radial force to the inner wall of the air passage 104.

[0037] Furthermore, the gas delivery assembly includes a side gas pipe 401 communicating with the gas delivery chamber 304. A constant pressure double-ended plunger 402 is slidably connected inside the flexible collar 406. A connecting seat 403 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the constant pressure double-ended plunger 402. Cranks 404 are rotatably connected to both sides of the connecting seat 403. A top seat 405 connected to the inclined sealing ring 400 is rotatably connected to the end of the crank 404 away from the connecting seat 403. When the gas inside the flexible collar 406 increases, it expands, pushing the constant pressure double-ended plunger 402 to move. In turn, the crank 404 is driven to swing through the connecting seat 403, causing the top seat 405 to push the inclined sealing ring 400 to expand.

[0038] The inclined sealing ring 400 has a wedge-shaped cross section, and its inclined surface is configured to generate an axial component force acting on the valve core 107 when it expands.

[0039] When the valve core 107 jams, causing the misalignment damping mechanism to activate, the compressed flexible resonant airbag 303 releases a portion of the gas into the air delivery chamber 304. This gas is no longer simply stored or released, but is guided through the side air pipe 401 into the inner cavity of the flexible collar 406. The gas injection causes the flexible collar 406 to expand, which is the first fundamental action.

[0040] The expansion of the flexible collar 406 causes the constant-pressure double-ended plunger 402, which is slidably connected inside, to move axially. The constant-pressure double-ended plunger 402 drives the connecting seat 403 on it to move, which in turn drives the cranks 404 hinged on both sides to swing. The swing of the cranks 404 amplifies the linear displacement and converts it into a radial thrust force on the top seat 405. Finally, the top seat 405 applies the force directly to the inner side of the beveled sealing ring 400, causing it to produce a controllable radial expansion directed towards the inner wall of the air passage 104.

[0041] The cross-section of the beveled seal ring 400 is designed with a unique wedge-shaped bevel. When it expands under the push of the top seat 405, it produces two key effects: The expanded beveled sealing ring 400 presses tightly against the inner wall of the air passage 104, instantly increasing the friction between the valve core 107 and the inner wall of that section, forming a temporary "braking anchor point" to prevent the valve core from rebounding under impact, and to make the force transmitted by the valve stem 105 act more effectively on the stuck point.

[0042] Due to its beveled design, when the beveled sealing ring 400 is subjected to radial compression, the interaction between its bevel and the inner wall of the air passage 104 generates a clear axial force along the valve core. The direction of this force is always opposite to the tendency of the valve core to jam. For example, when the valve core jams to the left, the expansion of the right-side beveled sealing ring generates an axial force to the right, thus providing a direct auxiliary thrust for the valve core 107 to break free, forming a resultant force with the impact force of the energy storage spring 202.

[0043] During expansion and repositioning, the wedge-shaped bevel of the beveled sealing ring 400 exerts a scraping and squeezing reciprocating action on the inner wall of the air passage 104. This periodic radial movement effectively scrapes away soft deposits such as sludge and scale adhering to the inner wall of the valve cavity and pushes them away from the sealing area, achieving a dynamic self-cleaning function and helping to prevent the next jamming.

[0044] In summary, the impact kinetic energy and gas pressure energy generated during the jamming process are no longer negative byproducts that are simply consumed. The impact energy is converted into a controllable buffer by the misalignment damping mechanism, while the gas pressure energy is recovered by the gas delivery component and converted into valuable power to drive the expansion of the inclined sealing ring 400. The inclined sealing ring 400 itself embodies intelligent functional switching: under normal conditions, it acts as an auxiliary seal; during jamming, under the drive of gas pressure, it instantly switches to increasing friction through radial expansion to stabilize the valve core 107 and generating axial auxiliary thrust through the inclined surface. During the periodic expansion and reset process, the wedge-shaped surface of the inclined sealing ring 400 continuously scrapes and squeezes the inner wall of the air passage 104, effectively removing the sludge, scale, and fine particles that are about to accumulate, achieving dynamic self-cleaning. In addition, the continuous micro-vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism can also inhibit the deposition and adhesion of particulate matter. This preventive mechanism fundamentally improves the operating environment of the valve core 107.

[0045] Working principle: When in use, the position of the valve stem 105 is adjusted by opening the pneumatic piston 106, thereby changing the position of the valve core 107 in the air passage 104, realizing the connection between the air inlet 101 and the outlet 102 or the connection between the outlet 102 and the exhaust port 103, and completing the reversing operation. Because industrial environments often contain solid particles, crystals, or high-viscosity substances, these substances can easily deposit in the gas path 104, causing jamming. The valve stem 105 is slidably connected to the valve core 107. When the valve stem 105 moves, it drives the valve core 107 through the energy storage spring 202 sleeved in the valve core 107. When the valve core 107 is jammed in the gas path 104, the valve stem 105 will not be jammed and will move. At this time, the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will be misaligned, which will compress the energy storage spring 202 to store energy. When the spring force accumulates enough to overcome the jamming friction, the energy is released instantaneously, pushing the valve core 107 to form an impact-like jumping motion, thereby breaking free from the jamming state. Simultaneously, when the valve core 107 is stuck, the misalignment between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will cause the positioning disk 200 and the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 to shift in position. The power-accumulating hammer handle 204 on the outer surface of the positioning disk 200 will alternately abut against the ring teeth of the multiple multi-stage internal convex gears 203, thereby transmitting the impact force to the valve core 107, causing it to vibrate. This process repeats under the continuous movement of the valve stem 105. For every tiny distance (one tooth pitch) that the valve stem 105 moves, the power-accumulating hammer handle 204 will strike the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 once, causing the stuck valve core 107 to generate an axial micro-impact and micro-vibration. Since the multi-stage internal convex gear 203 is continuous, this process will continuously generate a series of high-frequency micro-vibrations until the sticking is broken. When the valve core 107 becomes stuck, the misalignment between the valve stem 105 and the valve core 107 will change the position of the positioning plate 200 inside the valve core 107. At this time, the gas on one side of the valve core 107 will be squeezed, so that the gas flows into the damping air chamber 300 through the input hole 301. This will push the double-headed piston rod 302 on one side to move and squeeze the flexible resonant airbag 303 on the other end. When the flexible resonant airbag 303 is squeezed and deformed, it will release its own gas into the air supply chamber 304. This set of components is symmetrically arranged along the center of the valve core 107. This means that when the valve core 107 moves to the left and becomes stuck, the positioning plate 200 will squeeze the gas on the left side of the valve core 107 and flow into the damping air chamber 300 through the input hole 301. Since the movement of the double-headed piston rod 302 is driven by the gas, it will generate energy damage when squeezing the flexible resonant airbag 303, thus inhibiting the continuous misalignment between the valve core 107 and the valve stem 105 and reducing the stroke of the misalignment on both sides. Simultaneously, when the gas flows into the gas delivery chamber 304, it will flow into the flexible collar 406. At this time, the increased gas will push the constant pressure double-ended plunger 402 to move, thereby changing the position of the connecting seat 403. As above, when the valve core 107 moves to the left and gets stuck, the gas in the valve core 107 will flow into the left gas delivery chamber 304. The left gas delivery chamber 304 will then flow the gas into the flexible collar 406 through the side gas pipe 401. At this time, the constant pressure double-ended plunger 402 will move to the right, causing the connecting seat 403 to deflect to the right. The crank 404 on the right side is pushed up, causing the top seat 405 on the right side to bulge and push the inclined sealing ring 400 to contact the valve seat inside the air passage 104, further freeing the stuck valve core 107. At the same time, the gas flows into the flexible collar 406 and expands it. Similarly, when the valve core 107 moves to the right and gets stuck, it will push the inclined sealing ring 400 on the left side to move and contact the valve seat inside the air passage 104. The inclined sealing rings 400 on the left and right sides are constructed as symmetrical inclined surfaces, which can provide axial thrust to the valve core 107.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with a redundant anti-jamming structure, comprising a housing (100), wherein an air passage (104) is formed inside the housing (100), characterized in that, Also includes: The valve stem (105) is slidably disposed within the housing (100); A pneumatic piston (106) is connected to one end of the valve stem (105) and is used to drive the valve stem (105) to reciprocate. The valve core (107) is slidably sleeved on the valve stem (105) and located in the air passage (104); An anti-jamming assembly is connected between the valve stem (105) and the valve core (107). It includes a positioning plate (200) fixedly connected to the surface of the valve stem (105) and an energy storage spring (202) sleeved on the valve stem (105). The two ends of the energy storage spring (202) abut against the positioning plate (200) and the valve stem (105) respectively. When the valve core (107) is stuck in the air passage (104), the valve stem (105) can overcome the resistance of the anti-jamming component and continue to move relative to the valve core (107), and the anti-jamming component stores energy. When the stored energy reaches a threshold, the anti-jamming component releases energy to drive the valve core (107) to generate an impact motion.

2. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-jamming component also includes a vibration generating mechanism, which includes a multi-stage internal convex gear (203) fixedly connected inside the valve core (107). The multi-stage internal convex gear (203) is arranged around the positioning disk (200). The outer surface of the positioning disk (200) is elastically connected to multiple energy-accumulating hammer handles (204). When the valve core (107) is jammed and the valve stem (105) drives the positioning disk (200) to continue moving, the energy-accumulating hammer handles (204) can alternately abut against multiple tooth stages of the multi-stage internal convex gear (203) and generate periodic hammering, causing the valve core (107) to generate axial vibration.

3. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a misaligned damping mechanism, which includes a damping air chamber (300) opened in the valve core (107). The damping air chamber (300) is connected to the valve core (107) through an input hole (301). A flexible resonant airbag (303) is provided in the valve core (107). A double-headed piston rod (302) is slidably connected to one end of the damping air chamber (300). When the valve core (107) is stuck, causing the valve rod (105) and the valve core (107) to undergo relative displacement, the gas inside the valve core (107) is squeezed and enters the damping air chamber (300) through the input hole (301), pushing the double-headed piston rod (302) to move and compress the flexible resonant airbag (303) to consume the energy of the relative displacement.

4. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The misalignment damping mechanism further includes an air supply chamber (304) and a tension spring (305). The air supply chamber (304) is connected to the output end of the flexible resonant airbag (303). The tension spring (305) is connected between the double-ended piston rod (302) and the inner wall of the damping air chamber (300) to provide a restoring force after the flexible resonant airbag (303) is compressed.

5. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flexible collar (406) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the valve core (107). A plurality of oblique sealing rings (400) are provided on the outer surface of the flexible collar (406). An air delivery assembly communicating with the air delivery chamber (304) is provided inside the flexible collar (406). The air delivery assembly is used to expand the flexible collar (406) to apply radial force to the inner wall of the air passage (104).

6. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly includes a side gas pipe (401) communicating with the gas delivery chamber (304). A constant pressure double-ended plunger (402) is slidably connected inside the flexible collar (406). A connecting seat (403) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the constant pressure double-ended plunger (402). Cranks (404) are rotatably connected to both sides of the connecting seat (403). A top seat (405) connected to the inclined sealing ring (400) is rotatably connected to the end of the crank (404) away from the connecting seat (403). When the gas in the flexible collar (406) increases, it expands, pushing the constant pressure double-ended plunger (402) to move. Then, the connecting seat (403) drives the crank (404) to swing, causing the top seat (405) to push the inclined sealing ring (400) to expand.

7. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The misalignment damping mechanism is provided in two sets symmetrically along the axial center of the valve core (107), which correspond to the jamming of the valve core (107) in two directions of movement.

8. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the beveled sealing ring (400) is wedge-shaped, and its bevel is configured to generate an axial component force acting on the valve core (107) when it expands.

9. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A displacement sensor (201) is fixedly connected between the valve stem (105) and the positioning plate (200). The displacement sensor (201) is used to detect the relative displacement between the positioning plate (200) and the valve core (107).

10. The miniature explosion-proof pneumatic directional valve with redundant anti-jamming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) is provided with an air inlet (101), an outlet (102) and an exhaust port (103). The reciprocating motion of the valve stem (105) is used to drive the valve core (107) to move in the air passage (104) to change the connection relationship between the air inlet (101), the outlet (102) and the exhaust port (103).

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