Portable traditional chinese medicine decoction pieces hot extraction molecular small molecule volatile device

Abstract

This invention discloses a portable device for thermal extraction of small-molecule volatilization from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces, belonging to the field of intelligent fumigation technology for TCM. It aims to solve the technical problems of existing portable TCM fumigation devices being unable to detect the deterioration of the proportion of medicinal gas components and lacking graded intervention methods. The device includes: an extraction chamber for containing TCM decoction pieces; a heating module for heating the decoction pieces in the extraction chamber to generate medicinal gas; a gas sensing module for real-time detection of the concentrations of a first-type and a second-type marker in the medicinal gas, wherein the first-type and second-type markers have different boiling points, resulting in a difference in their release rates during normal extraction; a magnetic wave resonance generation module for applying an alternating electric field to the decoction pieces, stimulating internal migration of components through dielectric loss under non-significant heating conditions; and a micro-vector airflow circulation module. This invention has the advantages of intelligent and controllable extraction process and sufficient protection of the activity of effective components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent fumigation technology for traditional Chinese medicine, and more specifically, to a portable device for the thermal extraction and volatilization of small molecules from traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation therapy is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine's external treatment methods. It involves heating medicinal herbs to release their vapors, which are absorbed through the respiratory mucosa or penetrate the skin, achieving a synergistic effect of "thermotherapy" and "medicinal therapy." In recent years, with the increasing demand for convenient and home-based health management, portable traditional Chinese medicine fumigation devices have gradually gained attention.

[0003] However, existing portable herbal fumigation devices generally face technical bottlenecks in practical use due to their crude extraction process control. Most of these devices employ simple constant-temperature heating or timed control strategies, lacking the ability to perceive the complex multi-component release dynamics within the medicinal herbs. Herbal herbs contain various volatile oil components with significantly different boiling points, ranging from low-boiling-point monoterpenes to high-boiling-point sesquiterpenes, exhibiting different release rates and sequences during heating. When abnormalities occur in the extraction process, such as localized overheating leading to the rapid depletion of low-boiling-point components, or the formation of charring byproducts in micro-regions on the surface of the herbs, the total volatile matter concentration may not show a significant change, but the proportion of effective components in the herbal vapor has already deteriorated—that is, the "component profile" has changed. Existing devices, which can only monitor coarse-grained indicators such as temperature or total volatile matter concentration, cannot detect such shifts in component proportions. This leads to either continuing heating after the active ingredients have substantially degraded, producing ineffective or even harmful byproducts, or prematurely stopping extraction, resulting in the waste of the effective components of the herbs.

[0004] Furthermore, existing devices lack tiered intervention mechanisms when dealing with extraction anomalies. When overheating is detected, the only protective action usually involves cutting off the heating, failing to correct minor anomalies promptly without interrupting extraction. This "all-on or all-off" control method makes it difficult for the device to strike a balance between extraction efficiency and safety. Therefore, we propose a portable thermal extraction device for small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable device for the thermal extraction and volatilization of small molecules from traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, so as to solve the technical problems of existing portable traditional Chinese medicine fumigation devices being unable to detect the deterioration of the proportion of medicinal gas components and lacking graded intervention methods.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, comprising; Extraction chamber, used to hold Chinese medicinal herbs; The heating module is used to heat the medicinal slices in the extraction chamber to generate medicinal vapor; The gas sensing module is used to detect the concentration of Class I and Class II markers in the drug gas in real time. Class I and Class II markers have different boiling points, which causes the release rates of the two to differ during the normal extraction process. The magnetic wave resonance generating module is used to apply an alternating electric field to the medicinal slices and excite the internal migration of components through dielectric loss under non-significant heating conditions. The micro-vector airflow circulation module is used to create airflow with controlled direction and velocity in the extraction chamber, dynamically adjusting the thermal field and drug gas distribution; The controller is configured to: acquire the concentrations of the first type of marker and the second type of marker and calculate the concentration ratio between the two, and continuously monitor the change characteristics of the ratio with heating time; The change characteristics are compared with the pre-stored abnormal patterns. The abnormal patterns represent the precursors of extraction degradation or coking, including the flattening, rebound and non-periodic oscillations that occur when the ratio changes deviate from the normal release curve. When the abnormal mode is matched, the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence is executed. The sequence includes activating the magnetic wave resonance generation module to generate a pulsed electromagnetic field to drive the release of deep active ingredients in the medicinal slices, and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a directional laminar flow air curtain on the surface of the medicinal slices to perform non-contact cooling of the local overheated area. When the release endpoint of the effective ingredient is determined based on concentration data and ratio changes, the control heating module stops full-power heating.

[0007] Preferably, the gas sensing module includes a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array; The controller is also configured to execute an automatic calibration procedure in the initial stage of heating extraction: control the heating module to heat the medicinal slices in a stepped heating mode, analyze the response spectrum output by the gas sensing module, automatically identify the first characteristic peak representing the first type of marker and the second characteristic peak representing the second type of marker, and establish the reference concentration ratio of the batch of medicinal slices accordingly. The reference concentration ratio is established by the controller according to the following formula: ; in, This is the baseline concentration ratio for this batch of medicinal slices, representing the concentration ratio of the first type of marker to the second type of marker in the initial extraction state of this batch of medicinal slices; The concentration of the first type of biomarker when the first characteristic peak is first identified in the step heating mode; This represents the concentration of the second type of biomarker when the second characteristic peak is first identified.

[0008] Preferably, the gas sensing module is also used to detect the total volatile matter concentration; The controller monitors the change characteristics of the concentration ratio, including: calculating the first-order and second-order rates of change of the concentration ratio over time, and identifying flattening, rebound and non-periodic oscillations based on the sign and amplitude of the first-order and second-order rates of change. The controller calculates the first and second rates of change of the concentration ratio according to the following formula: ; ; ; in, for Concentration ratio at time, for The concentration of the first type of biomarker at time 1 for The concentration of the second type of biomarker at time , This is the first-order rate of change of the concentration ratio, reflecting the direction and speed of the rise and fall of the ratio. The second rate of change of the concentration ratio reflects the acceleration characteristic of the ratio's changing trend; The controller employs a multi-level incremental response method when executing the anti-coking and activity protection sequence: When the rate of decrease in the concentration ratio approaches zero, while the total volatile matter concentration has not yet decreased, a first-level intervention is triggered. This first-level intervention includes activating the magnetic resonance generation module to act on the medicinal slices in a low-frequency pulse mode, while maintaining the current power of the heating module. The triggering condition for Level 1 intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; in, The threshold for determining if something approaches zero. for Total volatile concentration at time , This is the benchmark value for determining whether the total volatile matter concentration has not decreased; When the concentration ratio is detected to fluctuate upwards and the total volatile concentration does not decrease, a second-level intervention is triggered. This second-level intervention includes reducing the power of the heating module and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a low-speed laminar air curtain parallel to the heating surface around the medicinal slices. The triggering condition for the second-level intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; When a non-periodic, violent oscillation of the concentration ratio is detected and an abnormal signal peak is detected by the gas sensing module, a third-level intervention is triggered. This third-level intervention includes cutting off the heating of the heating module, controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to introduce external air to perform rapid cooling, and generating a prompt signal. The triggering condition for Level 3 intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; in, The standard deviation of the concentration ratio over the sliding time window. The threshold for determining oscillation. for The characteristic value of the signal peak detected by the gas sensing module at any given time. This is the pre-stored normal response range.

[0009] Preferably, the controller is further configured to: when an abnormal mode is identified, adjust the flow direction distribution of the micro-vector airflow circulation module so that the medicinal gas first flows through a predetermined inhalation area and then returns to the area where the medicinal slice is located, thereby promoting the further release of the first type of marker from the medicinal slice through the marker concentration difference at the predetermined inhalation area; The marker concentration difference at the predetermined inhalation region is defined by the following formula: ; in, To drive the further release of the first-class biomarker, The concentration of the first-order biomarker in the area where the medicinal slices are located. The concentration of the first type of marker at the predetermined inhalation region.

[0010] Preferably, the controller determines the release endpoint of the active ingredient by: when the concentration of the second marker enters a plateau period, and the concentration ratio relative to the baseline concentration ratio has dropped to a low ratio range that characterizes the depletion of volatile active ingredients, while the decay rate of the concentration of the first marker continues to be lower than the limit value that characterizes the termination of release, the extraction is determined to be complete. The controller determines the endpoint of active ingredient release according to the following formula: and and ; in, The time-varying rate of change of the concentration of the second type of biomarker. The threshold for determining the plateau period for Concentration ratio at time, As the baseline concentration ratio, The coefficient of determination is used for the low ratio range. The rate of change of the concentration of the first type of biomarker over time. This is to determine the termination threshold for release.

[0011] Preferably, the frequency of the pulsed electromagnetic field generated by the magnetic wave resonance generation module is set to match the dielectric relaxation frequency of the water inside the medicinal slices, so as to enhance the internal heating and component driving effect. The pulsed electromagnetic field is applied at a modulation frequency, which is dynamically adjusted based on the change characteristics of the concentration ratio. The modulation frequency is determined by the controller according to the following formula: ; in, for Modulation frequency at time, Based on the modulation frequency, The first modulation coefficient, The second modulation coefficient, The first-order rate of change of the concentration ratio. This represents the second-order rate of change of the concentration ratio.

[0012] Preferably, the controller is further configured to dynamically adjust the power of the heating module according to the monitored changes in the concentration ratio during the normal extraction stage, so that the ratio changes along a preset normal decay curve, thereby maintaining the stability of the marker release ratio and extending the effective extraction time. The power of the heating module is dynamically adjusted by the controller according to the following formula: ; in, for Heating power at any time Based on heating power, This is the proportional adjustment coefficient. for Concentration ratio at time, For the preset normal attenuation curve in The ideal ratio of time, This is the differential adjustment coefficient.

[0013] Preferably, the abnormal patterns pre-stored by the controller are established and updated through a self-learning method. The self-learning includes recording the characteristics of concentration ratio changes before the occurrence of coking events in historical use, and optimizing the judgment conditions of abnormal patterns accordingly. Optimized oscillation detection threshold The controller updates according to the following formula: ; in, For smoothing coefficients, The threshold for determining oscillations before the update. This represents the standard deviation of the concentration ratio within the sliding time window prior to the most recent coking event. The controller also records the concentration ratio change curve for each use and optimizes the pre-stored normal release curve based on data from multiple uses. Optimized normal release curve The controller updates according to the following formula: ; in, This refers to the number of valid uses in which no coking event occurred. For the first The curve showing the change in the concentration ratio of each effective use.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a user interface for receiving physiotherapy mode selections. The controller adjusts the sensitivity of abnormal mode recognition and the intervention timing of each level of response in the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence according to the physiotherapy mode selection. The sensitivity of abnormal pattern recognition is adjusted by the controller to determine the threshold for approaching zero. To achieve this, the timing of intervention at each level of response is determined by adjusting the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentration benchmark value using the controller. accomplish.

[0015] Preferably, the first type of marker component is a monoterpene component, and the second type of marker component is a sesquiterpene component.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves real-time monitoring of extraction status based on the change characteristics of the concentration ratio of two markers by setting up a gas sensing module and a controller. By selecting a first-class marker and a second-class marker with different boiling points and release rates in the medicinal gas, the controller acquires the concentrations of both and calculates their ratio. It continuously monitors the change characteristics of this ratio with heating time and compares it with pre-stored anomaly patterns. Compared to existing technologies that only monitor the total volatile matter concentration or the concentration of a single component, changes in the concentration ratio can reveal shifts in the medicinal gas composition spectrum earlier. It can identify pre-extraction degradation signs such as leveling off, rebounding, or non-periodic oscillations even before a significant decrease in the total volatile matter concentration. This significantly improves the timeliness and accuracy of anomaly detection and solves the technical problem that existing devices cannot detect component ratio degradation.

[0017] 2. This invention also achieves a match between intervention intensity and risk level by executing a graded, progressively increasing sequence of anti-coking and activity protection through the controller. When the rate of decrease in the concentration ratio approaches zero while the total volatile matter concentration has not yet decreased, the first level of intervention is triggered, activating the magnetic resonance generation module to drive the release of deep active ingredients from the medicinal slices using a non-thermal effect. When the concentration ratio shows a rebound fluctuation, the second level of intervention is triggered, reducing the heating power while activating the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a laminar air curtain for non-contact cooling. When the concentration ratio exhibits non-periodic, violent oscillations accompanied by abnormal signal peaks, the third level of intervention is triggered, cutting off heating and introducing external air for rapid cooling. This tiered protection mechanism, ranging from mild to strong, allows the device to intervene and correct at the nascent stage of extraction degradation, avoiding excessive interference with normal extraction caused by a single protection action in existing technologies, while providing reliable safety assurance for severe anomalies.

[0018] 3. This invention also enhances the release-driving effect of deep-layer active ingredients by dynamically modulating the pulsed electromagnetic field frequency of the magnetic resonance generation module based on the concentration ratio change characteristics using a controller. The modulation frequency is no longer fixed but is adjusted in real time based on the first and second rate of change of the concentration ratio, ensuring that the excitation intensity of the magnetic resonance matches the current release state of the medicinal slices. When the trend of the concentration ratio change indicates that release is hindered, the modulation frequency is correspondingly increased to enhance the driving force; when the release tends to be stable, the modulation frequency is correspondingly decreased to reduce energy consumption. This adaptive modulation method makes the magnetic resonance intervention more precise, effectively promoting the migration of internal components of the medicinal slices to the surface under non-significant heating conditions. Together with the directional laminar flow curtain of the micro-vector airflow circulation module, it constitutes a synergistic protection mechanism of "internal driving and external guidance," alleviating the problem of uneven release leading to charring from the source and extending the effective extraction time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall modular composition of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core functional logic of the controller of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-level anti-coking intervention sequence triggering logic of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the self-learning and normal extraction regulation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, comprising: Extraction chamber, used to hold Chinese medicinal herbs; The heating module is used to heat the medicinal slices in the extraction chamber to generate medicinal vapor; The gas sensing module is used to detect the concentration of Class I and Class II markers in the drug gas in real time. Class I and Class II markers have different boiling points, which causes the release rates of the two to differ during the normal extraction process. In one embodiment, the gas sensing module includes a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array. The controller is also configured to perform an automatic calibration procedure during the initial stage of the heating extraction. The heating module is controlled to heat the medicinal slices in a stepped heating mode. The response spectrum output by the gas sensor module is analyzed to automatically identify the first characteristic peak representing the first type of marker and the second characteristic peak representing the second type of marker, and a reference concentration ratio for this batch of medicinal slices is established accordingly. The baseline concentration ratio ,in, The concentration of the first type of biomarker corresponding to the first characteristic peak when the step temperature rise mode is first identified. This represents the concentration of the second type of biomarker when the second characteristic peak is first identified.

[0022] Employing a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array enables simultaneous or rapid time-sharing detection of multiple gas components, providing a hardware foundation for dual-marker monitoring. The automatic calibration program induces initial release of the medicinal slices through stepped heating and utilizes a controller to analyze the response spectrum of the sensor array (i.e., the response curves of different sensor channels to the heating process). This allows for the automatic and accurate identification of characteristic signal peaks of two types of markers corresponding to the characteristics of that batch of medicinal slices, thereby establishing a personalized baseline concentration ratio. .

[0023] This process eliminates the impact of different initial release ratios caused by variations in origin, year, and moisture content among different batches of medicinal slices on subsequent judgments, making subsequent anomaly pattern recognition and endpoint determination more accurate and reliable.

[0024] As a specific implementation, the gas sensing module includes a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array, specifically comprising six metal-oxide-semiconductor sensor units, each with optimized responses to limonene, eucalyptol, caryophyllene, farnesene, methyl salicylate, and ethanol. The controller processes the output signal of the sensor array through the following steps to obtain the concentrations of the first and second class of markers: During the automatic calibration stage, principal component analysis was used to extract characteristic components corresponding to monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes; A support vector machine regression model was used to calculate the concentrations of the two types of biomarkers based on the response values ​​of each sensor array. The correlation coefficient was updated every 0.5 seconds to determine the concentrations.

[0025] In one embodiment, the gas sensing module is also used to detect the total volatile matter concentration. The controller monitors changes in the concentration ratio, including: Calculate the first-order rate of change of the concentration ratio over time. and second-order rate of change and according to and The sign and amplitude are used to identify flattening, rebounding, and non-periodic oscillations. The controller is calculated according to the following formula: ; ; ; The controller employs a multi-level incremental response method when executing the anti-coking and activation protection sequence: When the rate of decrease in the concentration ratio is detected to approach zero ( ), while the total volatile matter concentration has not yet decreased ( When the first level of intervention is triggered, the first level of intervention includes activating the magnetic resonance generation module to act on the medicinal slices in a low-frequency pulse mode, while maintaining the current power of the heating module.

[0026] When a fluctuation in the concentration ratio is detected to be rising ( ), and the total volatile matter concentration did not decrease ( When the temperature is high, a second-level intervention is triggered, which includes reducing the power of the heating module and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a low-speed laminar air curtain parallel to the heating surface around the medicine slices.

[0027] When a non-periodic, violent oscillation is detected in the concentration ratio ( ), and the gas sensing module detected an abnormal signal peak ( When this occurs, a third-level intervention is triggered. This third-level intervention includes cutting off the heating of the heating module, controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to introduce external air for rapid cooling, and generating a warning signal. An abnormal signal peak refers to an additional peak signal in the response spectrum output by the gas sensing module that does not belong to the first or second characteristic peak.

[0028] To facilitate initial use of the device, the following parameters are preset to initial values: zero-reaching threshold. The criterion for determining whether the total volatile matter concentration has not decreased is... The initial total volatile matter concentration was measured at 90% during the automatic calibration phase; the plateau period determination threshold was also set. Low ratio interval determination coefficient Release termination judgment threshold Oscillation detection threshold (Based on a 20-second sliding window). All parameters can be optimized and adjusted based on actual usage data during subsequent self-learning.

[0029] By introducing total volatile matter concentration as an auxiliary judgment condition and combining it with first-order and second-order change rates for quantitative analysis, the controller can more precisely distinguish different levels of abnormal risks. The first level of intervention targets early, slight release imbalances (leveling off), using non-thermal magnetic resonance to "clear" the blockage. The second level of intervention targets more obvious anomalies (rebound), maintaining magnetic resonance while introducing air curtain cooling and actively reducing heating power to curb the anomaly from the external heat source. The third level of intervention targets severe anomalies (violent oscillations accompanied by new substance signals), decisively cutting off heating and rapidly cooling to prevent coking. This multi-level response mechanism achieves a precise match between intervention intensity and risk level, ensuring timely intervention while avoiding excessive intervention that could interfere with the normal extraction process.

[0030] Furthermore, normal response range It consists of the background fluctuation range of the first and second characteristic peaks. That is, the controller records the normal fluctuation range of the two characteristic peak signals in steady state during the automatic calibration stage, which serves as the benchmark for subsequent judgment on whether an "abnormal signal peak" has appeared.

[0031] The magnetic wave resonance generating module is used to apply an alternating electric field to the medicinal slices and excite the internal migration of components through dielectric loss under non-significant heating conditions. The micro-vector airflow circulation module is used to create airflow with controlled direction and velocity in the extraction chamber, dynamically adjusting the thermal field and drug gas distribution; The controller is configured to: acquire the concentrations of the first type of marker and the second type of marker and calculate the concentration ratio between the two, and continuously monitor the change characteristics of the ratio with heating time; The change characteristics are compared with the pre-stored abnormal patterns. The abnormal patterns represent the precursors of extraction degradation or coking, including the flattening, rebound and non-periodic oscillations that occur when the ratio changes deviate from the normal release curve. When the abnormal mode is matched, the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence is executed. The sequence includes activating the magnetic wave resonance generation module to generate a pulsed electromagnetic field to drive the release of deep active ingredients in the medicinal slices, and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a directional laminar flow air curtain on the surface of the medicinal slices to perform non-contact cooling of the local overheated area. When the release endpoint of the effective ingredient is determined based on concentration data and ratio changes, the control heating module stops full-power heating.

[0032] In one embodiment, the controller is further configured to: when an abnormal pattern is identified, adjust the flow direction distribution of the micro-vector airflow circulation module, so that the medicinal gas first flows through a predetermined inhalation area and then returns to the area where the medicinal slices are located, through the marker concentration difference at the predetermined inhalation area. To promote the further release of the first type of biomarkers from the medicinal slices.

[0033] This operation utilizes the principles of mass transfer kinetics. When an anomaly is detected (such as a flattening ratio), it may indicate that the mass transfer process of Class I markers (such as low-boiling-point components) on the surface of the medicinal slices is obstructed. The micro-vector airflow circulation module is adjusted by the controller to create a directional circulating airflow within the extraction chamber, encompassing the "medicinal slice area" and the "pre-defined inhalation area." Because the user continuously inhales medicinal gas in the pre-defined inhalation area (such as near the outlet), the concentration of Class I markers in that area increases. Concentration lower than that of the area where the medicinal slices are located This creates a concentration difference. This concentration difference creates an additional driving force that propels the first type of biomarker from the interior of the herbal slices to the surface and then into the airflow. This helps to break the release stagnation, and in conjunction with the magnetic resonance effect, more effectively promotes the release of the target component and corrects abnormalities.

[0034] Furthermore, the micro-vector airflow circulation module has multiple airflow outlets. When a directional laminar flow air curtain is formed on the surface of the medicinal slices, the opening and direction of two airflow outlets are independently adjusted to ensure that the air curtain flows parallel to the surface of the medicinal slices. The air curtain velocity is controlled to remove localized overheating without causing drastic fluctuations in the overall medicinal gas concentration within the extraction chamber. This achieves precise "point-to-point" cooling of localized hotspots without disrupting the thermal and concentration field balance of the entire extraction chamber.

[0035] In one embodiment, the controller determines the endpoint of active ingredient release by: when the concentration of the second biomarker reaches a plateau ( Furthermore, the concentration ratio relative to the baseline concentration ratio has decreased to a low ratio range, which characterizes the depletion of volatile active ingredients. Meanwhile, the decay rate of the concentration of the first type of biomarker remained below the threshold value characterizing the termination of release. When the extraction is complete, the extraction is considered finished.

[0036] This judgment logic utilizes both absolute concentration changes and relative ratio changes. The second type of marker (usually higher boiling point components) enters a plateau phase, indicating the end of its main release phase. Concentration ratio Dropped to a very low level (relative to the initial baseline) The presence of these three conditions indicates that the first type of low-boiling-point markers has been largely released. The extremely low rate of change in the concentration of the first type of marker further confirms that the release process has terminated. The simultaneous fulfillment of these three conditions provides multiple chains of evidence, making the endpoint determination extremely accurate and avoiding premature termination (incomplete extraction) or premature termination (energy waste and coking risk) due to misjudgment of a single indicator. Furthermore, after determining that extraction is complete, the controller periodically activates the micro-vector airflow circulation module to circulate air at extremely low speeds, maintaining a faint aroma within the extraction chamber and preventing the medicinal slices from becoming damp again.

[0037] In one embodiment, the frequency of the pulsed electromagnetic field generated by the magnetic resonance generation module is set to match the dielectric relaxation frequency of the water content within the medicinal slices to enhance internal heating and component-driven effects. The pulsed electromagnetic field is applied at a modulation frequency, which is dynamically adjusted based on changes in the concentration ratio. The modulation frequency is determined by the controller according to the following formula: ; in, for Modulation frequency at time, Based on the modulation frequency, The first modulation coefficient, This is the second modulation coefficient.

[0038] Matching the frequency of the electromagnetic field to the dielectric relaxation frequency of water can maximize energy coupling efficiency, causing water molecules to generate intense friction and heat, thereby generating heat inside the medicinal slices. This promotes the migration of volatile components embedded inside, achieving a "from the inside out" driving effect, which is particularly effective in correcting abnormal release caused by uneven external heating.

[0039] The magnetic resonance generation module includes a frequency-adjustable signal generator (0.1-200MHz) and a pair of parallel electrode plates with a spacing of 10-30mm. The controller transmits the fundamental frequency of the pulsed electromagnetic field. The modulation coefficient was set to 40MHz (measured value for common Chinese herbal medicine slices) to match the dielectric relaxation frequency of the moisture inside the slices. and Typical values ​​are 0.5 and 0.1, with a dynamic adjustment range of ±10MHz. Throughout the process, the heating module always operates at no more than 50% of its maximum power to ensure that the temperature rise caused by the magnetic field does not exceed 1.5°C.

[0040] Furthermore, based on the first rate of change of the concentration ratio and second-order rate of change Dynamically adjusting the modulation frequency enables the intervention strategy to be adaptive. For example, when When the value is negative and the absolute value is large (the ratio decreases rapidly), strong intervention may not be necessary, and the frequency can be maintained at [a certain level]. Nearby; when When the value approaches zero (the ratio flattens), the frequency can be appropriately increased to enhance the drive; when When the value is positive (with an accelerating downward trend in the ratio), it may indicate increased risk, and the frequency response intensity can be further increased. This dynamic modulation makes magnetic wave resonance intervention more refined and intelligent.

[0041] In one embodiment, the controller is further configured to dynamically adjust the power of the heating module based on the monitored changes in the concentration ratio during the normal extraction phase, so that the ratio follows a preset normal release curve. Variations are made to maintain a stable marker release ratio and prolong the effective extraction time. The power of the heating module is dynamically adjusted by the controller according to the following formula: ; This strategy constitutes a feedforward-feedback composite control. The controller calculates the current concentration ratio in real time. Ratio to ideal deviation And its rate of change. If Below (For example, if low-boiling-point components are released slowly), the controller will adjust accordingly ( Increase heating power Attempting to accelerate release to catch up with the ideal curve; simultaneously, the differential term of the rate of change of deviation ( It can predict future trends and provide proactive adjustments, making control smoother. Through this closed-loop control, the actual extraction process can be made to closely follow the preset healthy release trajectory, thereby extending the effective extraction time (maximizing the extraction of active ingredients) while maintaining a stable release ratio. This fundamentally reduces the probability of abnormal patterns (such as ratio imbalance) and achieves preventative control.

[0042] In one embodiment, the controller's pre-stored abnormal patterns are established and updated through self-learning. Self-learning includes recording the concentration ratio changes before coking events occur during historical usage and optimizing the abnormal pattern determination criteria accordingly. The optimized oscillation determination threshold... The controller updates according to the following formula: ; in, This represents the standard deviation of the concentration ratio within the sliding time window prior to the most recent coking event.

[0043] Coking events are automatically identified by the controller in the following ways: When the third-level intervention is triggered, if visible charring appears on the surface of the medicinal slices or the gas sensing module detects typical coking byproduct signals such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., characteristic peaks generated at 300-400°C), a coking event is determined to have occurred. Smoothing coefficient. The initial value is set to 0.8, and can be manually adjusted in the range of 0.5-0.9 according to the actual learning effect.

[0044] The controller also records the concentration ratio change curve for each use and optimizes the pre-stored normal release curve based on data from multiple uses. The optimized normal release curve is updated by the controller according to the following formula: ; The self-learning function enables the device to adapt to different types, batches, and even different usage environments of medicinal slices. By recording and analyzing successful (uncharred) extraction curves, the controller can continuously correct the "normal release curve." This makes it more suitable for current usage habits and material characteristics. More importantly, by analyzing data prior to the occurrence of failure (coking) cases, the controller can optimize the anomaly detection threshold (such as...). This makes it more sensitive or accurate. For example, if the standard deviation of the ratio oscillation before the most recent coking... If it is smaller, then the updated threshold This reduces the risk of oscillations, making the device more sensitive to them and thus triggering intervention earlier in the future. This self-evolving capability significantly improves the robustness and versatility of the device.

[0045] In one embodiment, the portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces further includes a user interface. The user interface receives a physiotherapy mode selection, and the controller adjusts the sensitivity of abnormal mode recognition and the intervention timing of each level of response in the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence according to the selected physiotherapy mode. The sensitivity of abnormal mode recognition is adjusted to a zero-reaching threshold by the controller. To achieve this, the timing of intervention at each level of response is determined by adjusting the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentration benchmark value using the controller. Implementation. The user interface provides access to personalized settings. For example, users can choose between "Powerful Mode" and "Mild Mode." In "Powerful Mode," the controller can be set to a smaller... (More sensitive to "flattening") and lower (Earlier detection of the decrease in total volatile matter concentration) allows for earlier and more proactive intervention, suitable for users seeking high extraction efficiency but tolerating some risk. In "mild mode," a larger [percentage] can be set. and higher This allows for a more conservative intervention strategy, ensuring absolute safety and gentle extraction. This increases the device's flexibility and user-friendliness.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first type of marker component is a monoterpene, and the second type is a sesquiterpene. Monoterpenes (such as limonene and eucalyptol) and sesquiterpenes (such as caryophyllene and farnesene) are two common classes of components in the volatile oils of traditional Chinese medicine, and their boiling points usually differ significantly (monoterpenes have lower boiling points, while sesquiterpenes have higher boiling points). Choosing these two classes as markers is advantageous because their release rate differences are sensitive to temperature changes, effectively reflecting the thermodynamic state of the extraction process. Furthermore, they are present in most traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces containing volatile components, demonstrating good representativeness and universality. Clearly defining the specific component categories allows for more targeted selection of the gas sensing module (e.g., choosing a sensor sensitive to terpenes) and the pre-stored characteristic peak recognition algorithm in the controller, improving the system's reliability and accuracy.

[0047] It should be noted that, in some optional implementations, the heating module can be a PTC ceramic heater, an infrared heating tube, or a resistance wire heating plate, and its power is regulated by a PWM signal or voltage signal issued by the controller. The micro-vector airflow circulation module may include a small brushless fan, a set of adjustable-angle guide vanes, and an air intake damper. The controller precisely controls the direction, speed, and source of the airflow (internal circulation or introduction of external air) by adjusting the fan speed, guide vane angle, and damper opening. The magnetic resonance generation module may include a high-frequency signal generator and an electrode plate / coil surrounding or placed below the extraction chamber to generate an alternating electric field of the desired frequency and intensity. The gas sensing module features a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array, and its signal conditioning circuitry may include operational amplifiers, filters, and analog-to-digital converters to convert sensor resistance changes into digital signals for the controller to read. The controller may be a microcontroller unit, a digital signal processor, or a programmable logic controller, and its memory stores program instructions for executing the various judgment, calculation, and control logic described above. The user interface may include a touchscreen, buttons, and indicator lights.

[0048] In embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned modules work collaboratively. The controller is the core of the entire device, which uses a gas sensing module to perceive the dynamic composition of the medicinal gas in the extraction chamber in real time, particularly the concentration and ratio changes of two types of markers with different boiling points. These ratio changes can sensitively reflect subtle differences in the thermodynamic state inside the medicinal slices, such as localized overheating leading to hindered release of a certain component or the generation of byproducts. Once the controller analyzes and finds that the ratio change characteristics (such as a flattening trend, a rebound, or violent fluctuations) match a pre-stored abnormal pattern, it determines that the extraction process may be deviating from a healthy trajectory and carries a risk of charring.

[0049] At this point, the controller no longer passively monitors but actively intervenes, correcting the process by executing anti-coking and activity protection sequences. For example, it activates the magnetic resonance generation module, using the pulsed electromagnetic field it generates to act on the medicinal slices, producing heat within the slices through dielectric loss, promoting the migration of deep components to the surface, thus "unblocking" the release channels without significantly increasing the ambient temperature. Simultaneously, the controller instructs the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a directional laminar flow curtain in specific areas of the medicinal slices (such as areas identified as overheating risk zones), carrying away locally accumulated heat and achieving non-contact, precise cooling. These two actions work together to break the vicious cycle that is about to lead to coking. Furthermore, the controller intelligently determines whether the effective components have been largely released based on changes in concentration ratio and absolute concentration (such as entering a plateau phase, the ratio dropping to a threshold, etc.), stopping heating at this point to avoid energy waste and potential coking risks caused by ineffective heating. This closed-loop control logic of "monitoring-analysis-intervention-judgment" solves the problems of coking, activity destruction, and inaccurate endpoint judgment caused by the inability to perceive the internal state in real time during traditional extraction processes.

[0050] Taking a specific application scenario as an example, the user places chrysanthemum slices into the extraction chamber and starts the device. The heating module starts working, heating the slices to release medicinal gases. The gas sensing module detects the concentrations of monoterpenes (class I biomarkers) and sesquiterpenes (class II biomarkers) in the medicinal gases in real time. The controller calculates the concentration ratio of the two. And continuously monitor its changes. In the initial stage of normal extraction, A steady decline. If localized overheating occurs due to the stacking of medicinal slices, low-boiling-point monoterpenes may be released too quickly and then become blocked, while the release of high-boiling-point sesquiterpenes is relatively delayed, leading to... rate of change Approaching zero (flattening). The controller compares this characteristic with a pre-stored "flattening" anomaly pattern, and then triggers the anti-coking sequence: First, it activates the magnetic resonance generation module, applying a pulsed electromagnetic field of a specific frequency to the medicinal slices, stimulating the movement of internal water molecules and polar molecules, and promoting the migration of "locked" monoterpenoid components. Simultaneously, it controls the micro-vector airflow circulation module to create a parallel airflow above the stacked medicinal slices, dispersing the accumulated heat. After this intervention, The downward trend resumed, preventing charring. This occurred when the controller detected that the rate of change in the concentration of the second-type biomarker remained below the threshold. ,and Below Meanwhile, the rate of change in the concentration of the first type of biomarker was also lower than that of the second type. When the effective components have been fully released, the heating module is stopped from full power heating, and the extraction process ends.

[0051] In this invention, some key terms are explained as follows: Category I and Category II biomarkers refer to two characteristic chemical components with different boiling points selected from the volatiles of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. The difference in their release rates and the change in their ratio can reflect the health status of the extraction process.

[0052] Concentration ratio: refers to the real-time ratio of the concentration of the first type of biomarker to the concentration of the second type of biomarker. Its change characteristics over time are the core indicator for judging the extraction status.

[0053] Abnormal mode: refers to the concentration ratio change pattern pre-stored in the controller that indicates that the extraction process is about to deteriorate or coke, such as the ratio change trend flattening, the ratio rebounding, or the ratio exhibiting non-periodic violent oscillation.

[0054] Anti-charging and activity protection sequence: refers to a series of ordered operations performed by the controller after identifying abnormal patterns to intervene in and correct the extraction process, aiming to prevent charging and protect the active ingredients.

[0055] Reference concentration ratio: refers to the initial concentration ratio established by an automatic calibration program in the initial stage of extraction of a specific batch of medicinal slices, which serves as a reference benchmark for subsequent judgment of changes and endpoints.

[0056] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, characterized in that, include; Extraction chamber, used to hold Chinese medicinal herbs; The heating module is used to heat the medicinal slices in the extraction chamber to generate medicinal vapor; The gas sensing module is used to detect the concentration of Class I and Class II markers in the drug gas in real time. Class I and Class II markers have different boiling points, which causes the release rates of the two to differ during the normal extraction process. The magnetic wave resonance generating module is used to apply an alternating electric field to the medicinal slices and excite the internal migration of components through dielectric loss under non-significant heating conditions. The micro-vector airflow circulation module is used to create airflow with controlled direction and velocity in the extraction chamber, dynamically adjusting the thermal field and drug gas distribution; The controller is configured to: acquire the concentrations of the first type of marker and the second type of marker and calculate the concentration ratio between the two, and continuously monitor the change characteristics of the ratio with heating time; The change characteristics are compared with the pre-stored abnormal patterns. The abnormal patterns represent the precursors of extraction degradation or coking, including the flattening, rebound and non-periodic oscillations that occur when the ratio changes deviate from the normal release curve. When the abnormal mode is matched, the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence is executed. The sequence includes activating the magnetic wave resonance generation module to generate a pulsed electromagnetic field to drive the release of deep active ingredients in the medicinal slices, and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a directional laminar flow air curtain on the surface of the medicinal slices to perform non-contact cooling of the local overheated area. When the release endpoint of the effective ingredient is determined based on concentration data and ratio changes, the control heating module stops full-power heating.

2. The portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas sensing module includes a multi-channel semiconductor gas sensor array; The controller is also configured to execute an automatic calibration procedure in the initial stage of heating extraction: control the heating module to heat the medicinal slices in a stepped heating mode, analyze the response spectrum output by the gas sensing module, automatically identify the first characteristic peak representing the first type of marker and the second characteristic peak representing the second type of marker, and establish the reference concentration ratio of the batch of medicinal slices accordingly. The reference concentration ratio is established by the controller according to the following formula: ； in, This is the baseline concentration ratio for this batch of medicinal slices, representing the concentration ratio of the first type of marker to the second type of marker in the initial extraction state of this batch of medicinal slices; The concentration of the first type of biomarker when the first characteristic peak is first identified in the step heating mode; This represents the concentration of the second type of biomarker when the second characteristic peak is first identified.

3. The portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas sensing module is also used to detect the total volatile matter concentration; The controller monitors the change characteristics of the concentration ratio, including: calculating the first-order and second-order rates of change of the concentration ratio over time, and identifying flattening, rebound and non-periodic oscillations based on the sign and amplitude of the first-order and second-order rates of change. The controller calculates the first and second rates of change of the concentration ratio according to the following formula: ； ； ； in, for Concentration ratio at time, for The concentration of the first type of biomarker at time 1 for The concentration of the second type of biomarker at time , This is the first-order rate of change of the concentration ratio, reflecting the direction and speed of the rise and fall of the ratio. The second rate of change of the concentration ratio reflects the acceleration characteristic of the ratio's changing trend; The controller employs a multi-level incremental response method when executing the anti-coking and activity protection sequence: When the rate of decrease in the concentration ratio approaches zero, while the total volatile matter concentration has not yet decreased, a first-level intervention is triggered. This first-level intervention includes activating the magnetic resonance generation module to act on the medicinal slices in a low-frequency pulse mode, while maintaining the current power of the heating module. The triggering condition for Level 1 intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; in, The threshold for determining if something approaches zero. for Total volatile concentration at time , This is the benchmark value for determining whether the total volatile matter concentration has not decreased; When the concentration ratio is detected to fluctuate upwards and the total volatile concentration does not decrease, a second-level intervention is triggered. This second-level intervention includes reducing the power of the heating module and controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to form a low-speed laminar air curtain parallel to the heating surface around the medicinal slices. The triggering condition for the second-level intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; When a non-periodic, violent oscillation of the concentration ratio is detected and an abnormal signal peak is detected by the gas sensing module, a third-level intervention is triggered. This third-level intervention includes cutting off the heating of the heating module, controlling the micro-vector airflow circulation module to introduce external air to perform rapid cooling, and generating a prompt signal. The triggering condition for Level 3 intervention is determined by the controller according to the following formula: and ; in, The standard deviation of the concentration ratio over the sliding time window. The threshold for determining oscillation. for The characteristic value of the signal peak detected by the gas sensing module at any given time. This is the pre-stored normal response range.

4. The portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to: when an abnormal mode is identified, adjust the flow direction distribution of the micro-vector airflow circulation module so that the medicinal gas first flows through a predetermined inhalation area and then returns to the area where the medicinal slice is located, thereby promoting the further release of the first type of marker from the medicinal slice through the marker concentration difference at the predetermined inhalation area; The marker concentration difference at the predetermined inhalation region is defined by the following formula: ； in, To drive the further release of the first-class biomarker, The concentration of the first-order biomarker in the area where the medicinal slices are located. The concentration of the first type of marker at the predetermined inhalation region.

5. The portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller determines the endpoint of active ingredient release by: when the concentration of the second marker enters a plateau period, and the concentration ratio relative to the baseline concentration ratio has dropped to a low ratio range that characterizes the depletion of volatile active ingredients, while the decay rate of the concentration of the first marker continues to be lower than the limit value that characterizes the termination of release, the extraction is determined to be complete. The controller determines the endpoint of active ingredient release according to the following formula: and and ; in, The time-varying rate of change of the concentration of the second type of biomarker. The threshold for determining the plateau period for Concentration ratio at time, As the baseline concentration ratio, The coefficient of determination is used for the low ratio range. The rate of change of the concentration of the first type of biomarker over time. This is to determine the termination threshold for release.

6. The portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency of the pulsed electromagnetic field generated by the magnetic wave resonance generation module is set to match the dielectric relaxation frequency of the water inside the medicinal slices in order to enhance the internal heating and component driving effect. The pulsed electromagnetic field is applied at a modulation frequency, which is dynamically adjusted based on the change characteristics of the concentration ratio. The modulation frequency is determined by the controller according to the following formula: ； in, for Modulation frequency at time, Based on the modulation frequency, The first modulation coefficient, The second modulation coefficient, The first-order rate of change of the concentration ratio. This represents the second-order rate of change of the concentration ratio.

7. The portable thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to dynamically adjust the power of the heating module according to the monitored changes in the concentration ratio during the normal extraction phase, so that the ratio changes along a preset normal decay curve, thereby maintaining the stability of the marker release ratio and extending the effective extraction time. The power of the heating module is dynamically adjusted by the controller according to the following formula: ； in, for Heating power at any time Based on heating power, This is the proportional adjustment coefficient. for Concentration ratio at time, For the preset normal attenuation curve in The ideal ratio of time, This is the differential adjustment coefficient.

8. The portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The abnormal patterns pre-stored in the controller are established and updated through self-learning. Self-learning includes recording the characteristics of concentration ratio changes before the occurrence of coking events in historical use, and optimizing the judgment conditions of abnormal patterns accordingly. Optimized oscillation detection threshold The controller updates according to the following formula: ； in, For smoothing coefficients, The threshold for determining oscillations before the update. This represents the standard deviation of the concentration ratio within the sliding time window prior to the most recent coking event. The controller also records the concentration ratio change curve for each use and optimizes the pre-stored normal release curve based on data from multiple uses. Optimized normal release curve The controller updates according to the following formula: ； in, This refers to the number of valid uses in which no coking event occurred. For the first The curve showing the change in the concentration ratio of each effective use.

9. A portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a user interface for receiving physiotherapy mode selections. The controller adjusts the sensitivity of abnormal mode recognition and the intervention timing of each level of response in the anti-scorching and activity protection sequence according to the physiotherapy mode selection. The sensitivity of abnormal pattern recognition is adjusted by the controller to determine the threshold for approaching zero. To achieve this, the timing of intervention at each level of response is determined by adjusting the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentration benchmark value using the controller. accomplish.

10. A portable device for thermal extraction and small molecule volatilization of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first type of marker component is a monoterpene component, and the second type of marker component is a sesquiterpene component.

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