A distributed photovoltaic energy meter box

Abstract

This invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box, comprising a main body with a hinged door and evenly spaced support pillars at its bottom. The main body includes an inner box and an outer box, with heat sinks evenly distributed on the outer box and sealed and fixedly fitted onto the outside of the inner box. A thermosiphon interlayer air duct mechanism is provided on the main body, comprising a vertically connected cavity interlayer formed by the inner and outer boxes, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The cavity interlayer can be specifically divided into a left interlayer, a right interlayer, and a rear wall interlayer according to its position. The inlet pipe communicates with the bottom of the left interlayer, and the outlet pipe communicates with the top of the left interlayer. An active pressurization mechanism is connected to the inlet pipe. This invention belongs to the field of power equipment technology, specifically referring to a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power equipment technology, specifically referring to a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale popularization of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology, the operational reliability of supporting equipment such as grid-connected metering and electrical protection directly determines the power generation efficiency and safety stability of the PV system. Among these, the PV energy meter box, as a core supporting device, undertakes the critical functions of power metering, line protection, and signal transmission; its long-term stable operation is crucial. These meter boxes are mostly installed outdoors, constantly enduring multiple challenges from sun and rain, dust, drastic temperature changes between day and night, and extreme weather (high temperature, low temperature, heavy rain), making their operating environment extremely complex. The electrical components integrated inside the meter box, such as smart meters, circuit breakers, communication modules, and terminals, continuously generate heat during operation. Especially during periods of high PV system power generation (such as sunny summer days), the heat generation of these components increases significantly. If the heat inside the box cannot be dissipated in a timely and efficient manner, the internal temperature will continue to rise, accelerating the aging of electrical components, reducing their operational accuracy and lifespan, and potentially causing safety hazards such as decreased insulation performance, short circuits, and even fires, seriously threatening the normal grid-connected operation of the PV system and property safety. Meanwhile, the temperature difference between day and night and the high humidity environment make it easy for condensation to form inside the enclosure, which can corrode electrical components.

[0003] To address heat dissipation issues, existing technologies fall into two categories: passive cooling, such as installing ventilation louvers in the enclosure or utilizing natural convection ducts; and active cooling, which involves installing cooling fans within the ducts to force convection. While forced airflow from outside can lower the temperature in high-temperature environments, continuous airflow disturbances at night, especially in low-temperature or high-humidity conditions, can continuously draw in cool, humid air, increasing the risk of condensation and degrading the insulation performance of electrical components. Furthermore, dust filters are required at the air inlets, which are prone to clogging in outdoor environments. Once clogged, the cooling design fails, and relying on regular manual cleaning increases maintenance costs.

[0004] More importantly, in low-temperature environments, the heat inside the chamber dissipates too quickly, which can easily lead to excessively low internal temperatures, causing condensation on electrical components, performance degradation, or even failure, affecting the lifespan and operational reliability of the equipment. A single heat dissipation structure design can hardly meet the contradictory needs of high-temperature heat dissipation and low-temperature insulation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned challenges in heat dissipation control and condensate and dust management of outdoor meter boxes, this invention provides a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box.

[0006] To achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box, including a meter box body, a door hinged to the meter box body, and pillars evenly arranged at the bottom of the meter box body; The meter box body includes an inner box and an outer box. The outer box has heat dissipation fins evenly distributed on it and is sealed and fixedly fitted onto the outside of the inner box. The meter box body is equipped with a thermosiphon interlayer air duct mechanism, which includes a vertical straight-through cavity interlayer consisting of an inner box and an outer box, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The cavity interlayer can be specifically divided into a left interlayer, a right interlayer and a rear wall interlayer according to its position. The air inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the left interlayer, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the top of the left interlayer; An active pressurization mechanism is connected to the air inlet pipe; The air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe are connected to a condensate recovery and self-cleaning mechanism. Protective components are installed at the outer ends of both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are composed of a vertical end and an inclined end, and the vertical end of the air inlet pipe is located directly below the vertical end of the air outlet pipe; Dustproof nets are installed at the inclined ends of both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the active pressurization mechanism includes a zigzag-shaped air inlet pipe, a centrifugal fan fixedly installed at the air inlet of the air inlet pipe, an electric valve installed at the air outlet, and a temperature sensor installed in the core heat-generating zone inside the inner box. The air outlet of the air inlet pipe is connected to the side wall of the air inlet pipe, and the air inlet of the air inlet pipe is fixed to the main body of the meter box with the assistance of the mounting clamps fitted on its outer wall.

[0009] Furthermore, the condensate recovery self-cleaning mechanism includes a condensate collection component and a high-pressure spray washing component.

[0010] Furthermore, the condensate collection assembly includes a water storage tank, a water collection pipe connected to the bend section of the air inlet pipe via an installation assembly, and an anti-backflow check valve installed on the water collection pipe; A filter screen is installed at the water collection end of the water collection pipe, and the water outlet end of the water collection pipe is connected to the water storage tank. A liquid blocking plate is fixedly installed inside the air inlet pipe, on the downstream side of the water collection end of the water collection pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-pressure spray washing assembly includes a water level sensor installed on the water storage tank, a miniature piezoelectric pump installed on the side of the water storage tank, a spray washing main pipe connected to the water outlet of the miniature piezoelectric pump, a three-way valve installed on the spray washing main pipe, two sets of delivery branch pipes respectively connected to the other two ends of the three-way valve, and a miniature high-pressure nozzle connected to the water outlet of the delivery branch pipe. The inlet of the miniature piezoelectric pump is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank; The miniature high-pressure nozzle is fixed inside the corresponding pipe by a connector and tilted towards the dustproof net at the end of the air outlet pipe; The air outlet of the air inlet pipe is located inside the air inlet pipe and upstream of the airflow of the dustproof net. The detection end of the water level sensor extends into the bottom of the water storage tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting assembly is located at the connection between the water collection pipe and the air inlet pipe; The installation assembly includes an adapter fixedly installed on the air inlet pipe, a connector plugged into the adapter, auxiliary blocks symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connector, and fixing bolts threaded into the auxiliary blocks. The top end of the water collection pipe is fixedly sleeved on the plug connector; The bottom of the adapter is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion has a slot that matches the shape of the plug. The adapter has symmetrical mounting holes for inserting the ends of fixing bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are fixed with mating flange plates at their outer ends, and the mating flange plates are evenly provided with fixing holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the protective assembly includes a protective housing, rainproof louvers evenly arranged inside the protective housing, insertion holes evenly opened on the protective housing, and mounting bolts passing through the insertion holes; The rainproof louvers are arranged at an inclined angle; The mounting bolts pass through the fixing holes and the mounting holes on the mating flange in sequence, and are tightened by nuts.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the cavity interlayer is formed as a guide slope that gradually decreases from the right interlayer through the rear wall interlayer to the left interlayer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: 1. This invention, through innovative design of an inner and outer casing composite structure and a thermosiphon sandwich air duct mechanism, achieves integrated thermal management efficiency of "passive heat dissipation, active regulation, and intelligent insulation," fundamentally improving the environmental adaptability and operational stability of outdoor photovoltaic meter boxes. It effectively solves the core pain points of existing technologies, such as low heat dissipation efficiency and inability to handle both high and low temperature conditions. Regarding efficient passive heat dissipation, the vertical, straight-through cavity sandwiched between the inner and outer casings serves as a heat dissipation air duct. Combined with a directional circulation path where cold air is introduced through the bottom air inlet and hot air is discharged through the top air outlet, it fully leverages the thermosiphon effect and natural convection principle. Based on the thermodynamic law of "hot air rising and cold air sinking," it forms a stable natural convection circulation, not only expanding the heat dissipation contact area but also achieving uniform temperature distribution within the box. Furthermore, it requires no additional energy consumption under normal operating conditions, truly achieving synergy between energy saving and efficient heat dissipation, meeting the core requirements of energy-saving operation of photovoltaic systems.

[0017] 2. In terms of intelligent thermal control, the temperature of the core heat-generating area inside the box is monitored in real time by temperature sensors, and coordinated with the active pressurization mechanism and controller to achieve intelligent switching between "heat preservation standby, passive heat dissipation and forced heat dissipation", which solves the contradiction that the traditional single structure of the meter box cannot take into account both low temperature protection and high temperature heat dissipation. Specifically, under low temperature or standby conditions, the active pressurization mechanism remains closed, the electric valve is closed, and the airflow within the cavity interlayer is slow, effectively reducing heat loss from the chamber and preventing condensation, performance degradation, or even failure of electrical components due to excessively low temperatures. In the conventional passive cooling mode, when the temperature inside the chamber is within the normal heat dissipation range, the system relies on the thermosiphon interlayer air duct mechanism for passive cooling, requiring no additional energy consumption, which meets the energy-saving operation requirements of photovoltaic systems. Under high temperature or high-load heat generation conditions, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the chamber exceeds the preset threshold, the system immediately starts the centrifugal fan and opens the electric valve, rapidly converting the interlayer into a forced convection air duct, completely breaking through the insulation layer. Combined with the heat dissipation effect of the outer chamber heat sink, rapid and efficient active cooling is achieved, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency and quickly reducing the temperature inside the chamber to a safe range, fundamentally avoiding electrical faults and safety hazards caused by high temperatures.

[0018] 3. By incorporating a condensate recovery and self-cleaning mechanism, the system achieves synergistic optimization of condensate recovery and utilization, dust filter self-cleaning, and pipeline protection. This effectively addresses the pain points of existing technologies, such as condensate accumulation and corrosion, dust filter clogging, and high maintenance costs, while balancing environmental friendliness and practicality. Utilizing the synergistic effect of the inclined guide surface at the bottom of the interlayer and the liquid-blocking plate inside the air inlet duct, condensate generated by the diurnal temperature difference on the duct inner wall can be collected directionally. After filtration through the collection pipe, the condensate is stored in a water tank, achieving initial condensate recovery and proper storage. Simultaneously, the connection between the collection pipe and the air inlet duct uses a detachable connection with plug-in fitting and bolt fastening, greatly facilitating daily cleaning and replacement of the filter screen at the collection end and reducing system maintenance difficulty. Furthermore, the recovered and stored condensate is used as a cleaning water source. After being pressurized by a micro piezoelectric pump, it is directionally sprayed through micro high-pressure nozzles to wash the dust filters on the inlet and outlet air ducts, achieving automated backwashing of the dust filters. This significantly reduces the burden of manual cleaning, ultimately achieving closed-loop condensate recovery and resource utilization, balancing environmental friendliness and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the distributed photovoltaic energy meter box proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the distributed photovoltaic energy meter box proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the air inlet duct, protective components, and condensate recovery and self-cleaning mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A sectional view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the mounting assembly proposed in this invention; Figure 7 The present invention proposes Figure 3 Exploded view of the central protective components; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the distributed photovoltaic energy meter box proposed in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of condensate at the bottom of the distributed photovoltaic energy meter box proposed in this invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Meter box body; 11. Inner box; 12. Outer box; 121. Heat sink; 13. Box door; 14. Support column; 2. Thermosiphon sandwich air duct mechanism; 21. Cavity sandwich; 211. Left sandwich; 212. Right sandwich; 213. Rear wall sandwich; 214. Guide slope; 22. Air inlet pipe; 221. Liquid blocking plate; 23. Air outlet pipe; 3. Active pressurization mechanism; 31. Air connection pipe; 32. Centrifugal fan; 33. Electric valve; 34. Temperature sensor; 35. Mounting clamp; 4. Protective components; 41. Protective box; 42. Rainproof louvers; 43. Socket; 44. Mounting bolt; 5. Condensate recovery self-cleaning mechanism; 5 1. Condensate collection assembly; 511. Water storage tank; 512. Water collection pipe; 5121. Filter screen; 513. Anti-backflow check valve; 52. High-pressure spray assembly; 521. Water level sensor; 522. Miniature piezoelectric pump; 523. Main spray pipe; 524. Three-way valve; 525. Delivery branch pipe; 5251. Fixing clamp; 526. Miniature high-pressure nozzle; 5261. Connector; 53. Mounting assembly; 531. Adapter; 5311. Protrusion; 5312. Slot; 5313. Mounting hole; 532. Connector; 533. Auxiliary block; 534. Fixing bolt; 6. Dustproof net; 7. Connecting flange plate; 71. Fixing hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic energy meter box, including a meter box body 1, a door 13 hinged to the meter box body 1, and support columns 14 evenly arranged at the bottom of the meter box body 1 for supporting and positioning the meter box body 1; the meter box body 1 includes an inner box 11 and an outer box 12, with heat sinks 121 evenly distributed on the outer box 12 and sealed and fixedly sleeved on the outside of the inner box 11, the heat sinks 121 extending to the outside, which can dissipate the heat transferred to the outer box 12, which facilitates heat dissipation. The design of the heat sinks of the outer box can further enhance heat conduction and make up for the shortcomings of the low efficiency of existing single ventilation heat dissipation. The double-layer structure of the inner and outer boxes can form a heat insulation buffer, reducing the impact of changes in the external ambient temperature on the electrical components inside the box. The sealed design of the sleeve can prevent rainwater and dust from seeping in from the gaps between the layers, ensuring the airtightness and heat dissipation stability of the interlayer air duct. The meter box body 1 is equipped with a thermosiphon sandwich air duct mechanism 2. The thermosiphon sandwich air duct mechanism 2 includes a vertical straight-through cavity sandwich 21 composed of an inner box 11 and an outer box 12, an air inlet pipe 22, and an air outlet pipe 23. The cavity sandwich 21 can be specifically divided into a left sandwich 211, a right sandwich 212, and a rear wall sandwich 213 according to its position. The sandwich formed by the inner and outer boxes 12 serves as a heat dissipation air duct. The vertical straight-through structure, combined with the interconnected design of the left, right, and rear wall sandwiches 213, can realize natural air convection and thermosiphon effect, expand the heat dissipation contact area, and improve the heat dissipation uniformity. Specifically, the heat generated by the electrical components inside the box causes the air to... As temperature rises and density decreases, while the ambient air outside the chamber is relatively cooler and denser, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of gases and the Bernoulli effect, the denser cold air outside will naturally flow to the less dense hot air inside the chamber. This creates a stable air pressure difference driven by temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet. Driven by this pressure difference, the cold air outside enters the cavity interlayer 21 through the air inlet pipe 22, absorbs heat, becomes hot air, and rises, eventually being discharged from the air outlet pipe 23, achieving continuous airflow circulation. This passive heat dissipation mode does not require additional power consumption, which is in line with the photovoltaic energy-saving concept and solves the problem of high energy consumption of existing cooling fans during continuous operation. The air inlet duct 22 is connected to the bottom of the left interlayer 211, and the air outlet duct 23 is connected to the top of the left interlayer 211. Following the thermodynamic law that hot air rises and cold air sinks, the bottom air inlet duct 22 introduces cold air, and the top air outlet duct 23 discharges the heat-exchanged hot air, forming a directional airflow circulation, which enhances the thermosiphon heat dissipation effect, ensures the directional stability of the airflow circulation, improves heat dissipation efficiency, and meets the basic heat dissipation requirements during the high-load heat generation period of photovoltaics. An active pressurization mechanism 3 is connected to the air inlet duct 22. When the temperature inside the box is too high, the active pressurization mechanism 3 can provide additional airflow power to accelerate the air circulation speed, break through the heat dissipation limitations of natural convection, achieve efficient cooling, and adapt to the high-load heat generation scenario of photovoltaic meter boxes. The air inlet duct 22 and the air outlet duct 23 are connected to a condensate recovery and self-cleaning mechanism 5, which recovers the condensate generated in the air duct and utilizes it as a resource. This not only prevents condensate from accumulating and corroding the pipes or seeping into the box, but also enables the dustproof net 6 to self-clean through the condensate, reducing manual maintenance costs and ensuring smooth airflow. The outer ends of the air inlet duct 22 and the air outlet duct 23 are equipped with protective components 4, which prevent rainwater, debris, insects and other external objects from entering the pipes, providing a protective barrier for the air duct system.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown in Figure 7-10, both the air inlet duct 22 and the air outlet duct 23 consist of a vertical end and an inclined end, with the vertical end of the air inlet duct 22 located directly below the vertical end of the air outlet duct 23. Dustproof nets 6 are installed at the inclined ends of both the air inlet duct 22 and the air outlet duct 23. The vertical end facilitates accurate connection with the interlayer, while the inclined end reduces the risk of rainwater backflow. The layout of the air inlet duct 22 located directly below the air outlet duct 23 avoids the air outlet airflow interfering with the air intake efficiency. The dustproof nets 6 can intercept dust and impurities in the air, preventing them from entering the interlayer and accumulating, thus affecting heat dissipation. The bottom of the cavity interlayer 21 is formed as a guide slope 214 that gradually decreases from the right interlayer 212 through the rear wall interlayer 213 to the left interlayer 211. When condensation forms on the inner wall of the cavity interlayer 21, the condensation flows along the guide slope 214 towards the air inlet pipe 22 under the action of gravity, and the flow direction is as follows: Figure 10 As shown by the middle arrow, the condensate eventually converges at the air inlet duct 22, thereby achieving directional collection and centralized recovery of condensate, effectively improving recovery efficiency, and preventing condensate from accumulating in the interlayer and causing corrosion of the housing.

[0026] like Figure 1-4As shown in Figures 7, 8, and 10, the active pressurization mechanism 3 includes a zigzag-shaped air inlet 31, a centrifugal fan 32 fixedly installed at the air inlet of the air inlet 31, an electric valve 33 installed at the air outlet, and a temperature sensor 34 installed in the core heat-generating zone inside the inner casing 11. The air outlet of the air inlet 31 is connected to the side wall of the air inlet 22, and the air inlet of the air inlet 31 is assisted in being fixed to the main body of the meter box 1 by a mounting clamp 35 sleeved on its outer wall to enhance overall stability. The temperature sensor 34 is electrically connected to the controller (not shown). The zigzag-shaped air inlet 31 can optimize the airflow path and reduce wind resistance. The centrifugal fan 32 provides active driving force. The electric valve 33 realizes the on / off control of the air duct. The temperature sensor 34 collects the temperature of the core heat-generating zone in real time and feeds it back to the controller to realize the automatic start-up, shutdown, and regulation of the pressurization and heat dissipation system. The mounting clamp 35 can offset the impact of fan vibration and ensure structural stability. Dual-mode switching based on temperature threshold: The active pressurization mechanism 3 works in conjunction with the controller to intelligently switch between "heat preservation standby," "passive heat dissipation," and "forced heat dissipation" according to the inner chamber temperature. Insulation standby mode: When the temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature of the inner chamber 11 is lower than the preset start-up threshold (e.g., 35℃) and the ambient temperature is low, the controller determines that the system is in a low temperature or standby condition, the active pressurization mechanism 3 remains closed, and the electric valve 33 is closed; at this time, the air flow in the cavity interlayer 21 is slow, and the thermosiphon effect is significantly weakened due to the reduction of the internal and external temperature difference, and the interlayer structure forms a static air insulation layer; this insulation characteristic can effectively slow down the excessive heat loss from the inside of the chamber to the outside, prevent the temperature inside the chamber from dropping excessively at night or in low temperature environments, thereby avoiding the performance degradation of electrical components or internal condensation caused by low temperature, and providing a stable thermal environment for sensitive electronic devices; Conventional passive cooling mode: When the temperature of the inner chamber 11 is within the conventional heat dissipation range (above the insulation threshold of 35℃ and below the heat dissipation threshold of 45℃), the system relies on the thermosiphon interlayer air duct mechanism 2 for passive heat dissipation; external cold air flows naturally into the cavity interlayer 21 driven by the temperature difference, flows along the outer wall of the inner chamber 11 to absorb heat, and then rises and is discharged, forming a continuous and stable natural convection circulation to achieve basic and efficient heat dissipation. This mode requires no additional energy consumption and meets the energy-saving operation requirements of photovoltaic systems. Forced heat dissipation mode: When the load of the photovoltaic system increases and the temperature of the inner chamber 11 rises and exceeds the preset start-up threshold (e.g., 45℃), the controller immediately starts the centrifugal fan 32 and opens the electric valve 33. At this time, the interlayer quickly switches from a low-flow-rate insulation state to a high-flow-rate forced convection heat dissipation state. The forced airflow generated by the fan is injected into the air inlet pipe 22 through the zigzag air inlet pipe 31, mixes with the natural air intake, and flows at high speed through the cavity interlayer 21, completely breaking the static air insulation layer, quickly carrying away the heat and dissipating it from the top air outlet pipe 23, realizing powerful heat dissipation on demand to ensure that the temperature inside the chamber is always within a safe range under high load conditions. When the temperature drops back to the normal heat dissipation range, the system automatically shuts down the fan and valve, and returns to the low-energy passive heat dissipation mode. If the temperature continues to drop below the insulation threshold, it switches to the insulation standby mode, realizing intelligent on-demand control under all operating conditions.

[0027] like Figure 1-4 As shown in Figures 7-10, the condensate recovery self-cleaning mechanism 5 includes a condensate collection component 51 and a high-pressure spray washing component 52. The two work together. The condensate collection component 51 is responsible for collecting, filtering, and storing condensate, and provides a clean water source for the high-pressure spray washing component 52, realizing the integration of recycling and utilization, and taking into account both condensate treatment and duct cleaning functions. The condensate collection assembly 51 includes a water storage tank 511, a water collection pipe 512 connected to the bend section of the air inlet pipe 22 via an installation assembly 53, and an anti-backflow check valve 513 installed on the water collection pipe 512. A filter screen 5121 is installed at the water collection end of the water collection pipe 512, and the water outlet end of the water collection pipe 512 is connected to the water storage tank 511. A liquid blocking plate 221 is fixedly installed in the air inlet pipe 22, downstream of the water collection end of the water collection pipe 512. The liquid blocking plate 221 is used to intercept and accumulate the liquid generated by condensation on the inner wall of the cavity interlayer 21, and guide the liquid to gather near the water collection end of the water collection pipe 512. The water collection pipe 512 guides the condensate into the water storage tank 511 for storage. The filter screen 5121 filters impurities in the condensate. The anti-backflow check valve 513 prevents water accumulated in the water storage tank 511 from flowing back into the air inlet pipe 22, ensuring the high efficiency and reliability of condensate recovery.

[0028] like Figure 1 , 3As shown in -5 and 7-9, the high-pressure spray washing assembly 52 includes a water level sensor 521 installed on the water storage tank 511, a miniature piezoelectric pump 522 installed on the side of the water storage tank 511, a main spray washing pipe 523 connected to the water outlet of the miniature piezoelectric pump 522, a three-way valve 524 installed on the main spray washing pipe 523, two sets of delivery branch pipes 525 respectively connected to the other two ends of the three-way valve 524, and a miniature high-pressure nozzle 526 connected to the water outlet of the delivery branch pipe 525; In the middle, two sets of conveying branch pipes 525 pass through the pipe walls of the air inlet pipe 22 and the air outlet pipe 23 respectively, and their ends are connected to the miniature high-pressure nozzles 526; the conveying branch pipes 525 connected to the air outlet pipe 23 are fixed to the outer wall of the outer casing 12 by multiple sets of fixing clamps 5251; the water inlet end of the miniature piezoelectric pump 522 is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 511; the miniature high-pressure nozzles 526 are fixed inside the corresponding pipe by the connectors 5261 and are tilted towards the dustproof net 6 at the end of the air outlet pipe 23; The air outlet of the air inlet duct 31 is located inside the air inlet duct 22 and upstream of the airflow of the dust filter 6. This allows outside air to enter through the protective component 4, first pass through the air inlet of the air inlet duct 31 and / or the air inlet duct 31, then flow through the dust filter 6 for filtration, and then flow into the cavity interlayer 21 through the air inlet duct 22. This ensures the cleanliness of the air entering the heat dissipation duct and avoids dust accumulation that could affect the heat dissipation effect. At the same time, it is compatible with the airflow drive logic of the active pressurization mechanism 3. The detection end of the water level sensor 521 extends into the bottom of the water storage tank 511. The water level sensor 521 monitors the water level of the water storage tank 511 in real time to prevent the miniature piezoelectric pump 522 from running dry and being damaged. After the miniature piezoelectric pump 522 pressurizes the condensate, it is delivered to the miniature high-pressure nozzle 526 through the spray washing main pipe 523, the three-way valve 524, and the delivery branch pipe 525. The nozzle is tilted towards the dustproof net 6 to achieve high-pressure spray washing and impurity removal. The airflow path design ensures that the air is filtered before entering the interlayer. It is adapted to the airflow drive direction of the active pressurization mechanism 3, taking into account both the cleaning effect and the cleanliness of the incoming air.

[0029] like Figure 4-6As shown in Figure 8, the mounting assembly 53 is located at the connection between the water collection pipe 512 and the air inlet pipe 22. The mounting assembly 53 includes an adapter 531 fixedly mounted on the air inlet pipe 22, a connector 532 inserted into the adapter 531, auxiliary blocks 533 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connector 532, and fixing bolts 534 threaded into the auxiliary blocks 533. The top end of the water collection pipe 512 is fixedly sleeved on the connector 532. The bottom of the adapter 531 has a protrusion 5311, which has a slot 5312 that matches the shape of the connector 532. The adapter 531 has symmetrical... A mounting hole 5313 is provided for inserting the end of the fixing bolt 534. By screwing the fixing bolt 534 into the auxiliary block 533 and the mounting hole 5313 in sequence, the plug 532 can be detachably fixed to the adapter 531, thereby realizing the detachable connection between the water collection pipe 512 and the air inlet pipe 22, which facilitates the cleaning or replacement of the filter screen 5121. The detachable structure with plug-in and bolt fastening can ensure the sealing and stability of the connection between the water collection pipe 512 and the air inlet pipe 22, and can also quickly disassemble and assemble the water collection pipe 512, making it convenient to maintain the filter screen 5121 at the water collection end and reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0030] like Figure 1-4 As shown in 7-9, both the outer ends of the air inlet pipe 22 and the air outlet pipe 23 are fixed with a mating flange plate 7. The mating flange plate 7 is evenly provided with fixing holes 71. The mating flange plate 7 provides a standardized installation interface. The evenly distributed fixing holes 71 can make the protective component 4 fit tightly with the pipe, improve the sealing and stability of the connection, and facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the protective component 4. The protective component 4 includes a protective housing 41, rainproof louvers 42 evenly arranged within the protective housing 41, insertion holes 43 evenly opened on the protective housing 41, and mounting bolts 44 passing through the insertion holes 43. The rainproof louvers 42 are arranged at an inclined angle. The mounting bolts 44 pass through the fixing holes 71 and the mounting holes 5313 on the connecting flange plate 7 in sequence, and are tightened with nuts, thereby fixing the protective housing 41 to the connecting flange plate 7 to prevent external rainwater from directly entering the pipe. The protective housing 41 forms an outer layer of protection. The inclined rainproof louvers 42 can ensure air circulation while blocking rainwater from entering vertically or obliquely. The mounting bolts 44 cooperate with the flange plate to achieve a firm fixation of the protective component 4, further enhancing the rainproof and debris-proof effect of the outer end of the pipe.

[0031] In practical use Installation and Basic Operation: First, fix the main body 1 of the meter box to the predetermined outdoor location using the bottom support 14. During installation, ensure that the opening direction of the protective components 4 of the air inlet pipe 22 and the air outlet pipe 23 is conducive to air circulation and can effectively prevent rain. After the equipment is powered on, its core thermal management system starts working and automatically switches the operating mode according to the temperature inside the box: During normal operation or when the temperature inside the box is not high (below the preset insulation threshold, such as 35℃), the system switches to the insulation standby mode, the active pressurization mechanism 3 remains closed, the electric valve 33 is closed, and the air flow in the cavity interlayer 21 is slow, forming a static air insulation layer to slow down the heat loss from the box and prevent the electrical components from condensing and degrading due to excessively low temperature at night or in low-temperature environments, thus providing a stable thermal environment for sensitive electronic devices; when the temperature inside the box is in the normal heat dissipation range (above the insulation threshold), the system switches to the insulation standby mode. When the temperature is below the heat dissipation threshold, the system relies on the thermosiphon interlayer air duct mechanism 2 for passive heat dissipation: under the action of pressure difference, the cold air from the outside enters the vertical straight-through cavity interlayer 21 (including the left, right and rear wall interlayers 213) composed of the inner box 11 and the outer box 12 from the bottom air inlet pipe 22, flows along the side wall and rear wall of the box and absorbs the heat emitted by the components inside the box; the heated air rises naturally due to the decrease in density and is finally discharged from the top air outlet pipe 23, forming a continuous and stable natural convection circulation, achieving basic high-efficiency heat dissipation without additional energy consumption, which is in line with the photovoltaic energy-saving concept and solves the problem of high heat dissipation energy consumption in the current system.

[0032] Active pressurized cooling mode: When the photovoltaic system is operating under high load or the ambient temperature is extremely high, causing the temperature of the core heat-generating area inside the box to exceed the preset heat dissipation threshold (e.g., 45℃), the internal temperature sensor 34 transmits a signal to the controller. The controller then activates the active pressurization mechanism 3, and the system switches to forced cooling mode: the electric valve 33 is opened, and the centrifugal fan 32 at the inlet of the zigzag air inlet duct 31 is started. The forced airflow generated by the fan is injected into the air inlet duct 22 through the air inlet duct 31. After mixing with the natural air intake, the air velocity and flow rate entering the interlayer air duct are greatly increased, completely breaking the static air insulation layer, rapidly accelerating the heat exchange process, achieving powerful heat dissipation on demand, and quickly reducing the temperature inside the box to a safe range. When the temperature drops back to the normal heat dissipation range, the system automatically shuts down the fan and valve, returning to the low-energy passive cooling mode; if the temperature continues to drop below the insulation threshold, it switches to the insulation standby mode, realizing intelligent on-demand control, which solves the problem of insufficient heat dissipation during high-load heat generation periods and avoids energy waste. Automatic collection and utilization of condensate: In situations of high air humidity or large temperature difference between the inside and outside, air flowing through the cooler inner wall of the cavity interlayer 21 may condense, producing condensate. Under gravity, this condensate flows to the left along the specially designed guide slope 214 at the bottom of the interlayer. The collected liquid is intercepted and guided by the liquid-blocking plate 221 inside the air inlet pipe 22, flowing into the connected water collection pipe 512. After preliminary filtration by the filter screen 5121 at the inlet of the water collection pipe 512, the condensate flows into the water storage tank 511 for storage. The anti-backflow check valve 513 prevents water from flowing back into the water storage tank 511.

[0033] The self-cleaning process of the dust filter 6: When the dust filter 6 at the end of the inlet and outlet air ducts 23 needs to be cleaned, or when the system automatically performs a cleaning task according to a preset cycle, the high-pressure spray washing component 52 is activated. The water level sensor 521 installed on the water storage tank 511 ensures that there is enough cleaning water in the tank. The miniature piezoelectric pump 522 draws water from the bottom of the water storage tank 511 and pressurizes it. The water flows through the main spray washing pipe 523 and the three-way valve 524 to distribute it to two delivery branch pipes 525. Finally, it is sprayed out by the miniature high-pressure nozzle 526 installed inside the pipe and tilted towards the dust filter 6, forming a high-pressure water jet to backwash the dust filter 6, effectively removing accumulated dust and impurities and ensuring unobstructed airflow. This process consumes the previously collected condensate water, realizing closed-loop utilization of resources.

[0034] Routine Maintenance and Protection: The entire system, protected by the protective component 4 (protective housing 41 with rainproof louvers 42), effectively prevents rainwater, large debris, and insects from entering the pipes. Only periodic inspections are required. When it is necessary to clean or replace the filter screen 5121 at the inlet of the water collection pipe 512, the installation component 53 (the fixing bolts 534 at the adapter 531 and the connector 532) can be loosened, and the entire water collection pipe 512 can be removed for maintenance; the operation is simple and quick.

[0035] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic power energy meter box, comprising a meter box body (1), a box door (13) is hinged on the meter box body (1), and the meter box body (1) is uniformly provided with a support column (14) at the bottom, characterized in that: The electric meter box body (1) comprises an inner box (11) and an outer box (12), the outer box (12) is uniformly distributed with heat dissipation fins (121) and is sealingly and fixedly sleeved outside the inner box (11); The electric meter box body (1) is provided with a thermosyphon sandwiched air duct mechanism (2), the thermosyphon sandwiched air duct mechanism (2) comprises a vertical straight-through cavity sandwiched layer (21) composed of the inner box (11) and the outer box (12), an air inlet pipe (22) and an air outlet pipe (23), and the cavity sandwiched layer (21) can be specifically divided into a left sandwiched layer (211), a right sandwiched layer (212) and a back wall sandwiched layer (213) according to its position; The air inlet pipe (22) is in communication with the bottom of the left sandwiched layer (211), and the air outlet pipe (23) is in communication with the top of the left sandwiched layer (211); The air inlet pipe (22) is provided with a positive pressure increasing mechanism (3) in communication; The air inlet pipe (22) and the air outlet pipe (23) are connected with a condensed water recycling and self-cleaning mechanism (5); The outer ends of the air inlet pipe (22) and the air outlet pipe (23) are each provided with a protection assembly (4).

2. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (22) and the air outlet pipe (23) each comprise a vertical end and an inclined end, and the vertical end of the air inlet pipe (22) is located directly below the vertical end of the air outlet pipe (23); Dustproof nets (6) are installed at the inclined ends of the air inlet pipe (22) and the air outlet pipe (23).

3. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pressure increasing mechanism (3) comprises a zigzag air receiving pipe (31), a centrifugal fan (32) fixedly installed at the air inlet of the air receiving pipe (31), an electric valve (33) installed at the air outlet, and a temperature sensor (34) installed at the inner core heat production area of the inner box (11); The air outlet of the air receiving pipe (31) is in communication with the side wall of the air inlet pipe (22), and the air inlet of the air receiving pipe (31) is fixed to the electric meter box body (1) by means of the mounting clamp (35) sleeved on the outer wall thereof.

4. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensed water recycling and self-cleaning mechanism (5) comprises a condensed water collecting assembly (51) and a high-pressure spray cleaning assembly (52).

5. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 4, wherein: The condensed water collecting assembly (51) comprises a water storage tank (511), a water collecting pipe (512) in communication with the turning section of the air inlet pipe (22) through a mounting assembly (53), and a backflow prevention check valve (513) installed on the water collecting pipe (512); A filter screen (5121) is installed at the water collecting end of the water collecting pipe (512), and the water outlet end of the water collecting pipe (512) is in communication with the water storage tank (511); A liquid blocking plate (221) is fixedly installed in the air inlet pipe (22) at the downstream side of the water collecting end of the water collecting pipe (512).

6. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 5, wherein: The high-pressure spray cleaning assembly (52) comprises a water level sensor (521) installed on the water storage tank (511), a micro piezoelectric pump (522) installed on the side of the water storage tank (511), a spray main pipe (523) in communication with the water outlet end of the micro piezoelectric pump (522), a three-way valve (524) installed on the spray main pipe (523), two groups of delivery branch pipes (525) in communication with the other two ends of the three-way valve (524) respectively, and a micro high-pressure spray head (526) connected with the water outlet end of the delivery branch pipe (525); The water inlet end of the micro piezoelectric pump (522) is communicated with the bottom of the water storage tank (511); The micro high-pressure nozzle (526) is fixed in the corresponding pipeline by the connecting piece (5261) and is inclined towards the dust screen (6) at the end of the air outlet pipe (23); The air outlet of the air receiving pipe (31) is arranged in the air inlet pipe (22) and is located on the upstream side of the air inlet flow of the dust screen (6); The detection end of the water level sensor (521) is inserted into the bottom of the water storage tank (511).

7. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 5, wherein: The mounting assembly (53) is arranged at the connection between the water collecting pipe (512) and the air inlet pipe (22); The mounting assembly (53) comprises an adapter seat (531) fixed on the air inlet pipe (22), a plug-in head (532) plugged into the adapter seat (531), auxiliary blocks (533) symmetrically fixed on both sides of the plug-in head (532), and fixing bolts (534) screwed into the auxiliary blocks (533); The top end of the water collecting pipe (512) is fixedly sleeved on the plug-in head (532); The bottom of the adapter seat (531) is provided with a protruding portion (5311) having a slot (5312) matched with the shape of the plug-in head (532); Symmetrical mounting holes (5313) are formed in the adapter seat (531) for inserting the ends of the fixing bolts (534).

8. A distributed photovoltaic power source meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ends of the air inlet pipe (22) and the air outlet pipe (23) are fixed with butt flange plates (7), and the butt flange plates (7) are uniformly provided with fixing holes (71).

9. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 8, wherein: The protection assembly (4) comprises a protection box body (41), rainproof shutters (42) uniformly arranged in the protection box body (41), plug holes (43) uniformly formed on the protection box body (41), and mounting bolts (44) penetrating the plug holes (43); The rainproof shutters (42) are arranged at an inclined angle; The mounting bolts (44) sequentially penetrate the fixing holes (71) and the mounting holes (5313) on the butt flange plates (7) and are fastened by nuts.

10. A distributed photovoltaic energy metering cabinet according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the cavity interlayer (21) is formed into a flow guide inclined surface (214) gradually decreasing from the right interlayer (212) to the left interlayer (211) through the rear wall interlayer (213).

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