A method and system for switching cellular MiFi networks based on lightweight 5G

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of communication technology, specifically a method and system for handover in a lightweight 5G cellular MiFi network. The method includes: identifying the currently connected base station and the current location of the MiFi device; identifying a three-dimensional layout of candidate base stations based on multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device; determining the expected dwell time based on the candidate base stations and the MiFi device; identifying multiple target handover base stations based on the multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold; determining a base station handover score based on the target handover base stations and the MiFi device; and identifying the handover MiFi device based on the main link and backup link in the redundant equipment, thus completing the cellular MiFi network handover. This invention can reduce the handover latency and ping-pong handover probability of cellular MiFi networks, achieving smooth handover at the service level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a cellular MiFi network handover method and system based on lightweight 5G. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of 5G technology and the gradual maturation of the lightweight 5G standard, mobile MiFi devices based on cellular networks are widely used in scenarios such as industrial internet, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, emergency communication, and personal mobile hotspots. These devices access the 5G network through built-in cellular communication modules and provide network access services to surrounding terminals in the form of Wi-Fi. Their mobility management places higher demands on the timeliness and stability of network switching.

[0003] Currently, network handover for cellular MiFi devices primarily relies on traditional mobility management mechanisms, which trigger cell reselection or handover procedures based on single signal quality metrics such as reference signal received power or signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio (SNR) when threshold conditions are met. Some solutions introduce multi-link aggregation or dual connectivity technologies to enhance handover reliability, but overall, the network side remains dominant while the terminal side passively responds.

[0004] While existing handover mechanisms can generally meet continuity requirements in macro base station coverage scenarios, in lightweight 5G deployment environments, factors such as base station density changes, edge computing node migration, high-speed terminal movement, and dynamic spectrum resource scheduling lead to problems. Traditional handover methods based on fixed thresholds and single decision indicators suffer from high handover latency, significant ping-pong effect, and strong service interruption perception, making it difficult to fully utilize the low latency, high reliability, and slice isolation characteristics of lightweight 5G. Therefore, reducing handover latency and ping-pong handover probability in cellular MiFi networks to achieve smooth service handover has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a cellular MiFi network handover method and a computer-readable storage medium based on lightweight 5G. Its main purpose is to reduce the handover latency and ping-pong handover probability of cellular MiFi networks, thereby achieving smooth handover at the service level.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G, comprising:

[0007] The MiFi device has been identified, and based on the MiFi device, the currently connected base station and the device's current location have been determined.

[0008] Based on the device's current location, multiple nearby base stations were identified;

[0009] A 3D layout map of candidate base stations was identified based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the current location coordinates of the devices.

[0010] Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

[0011] For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation:

[0012] The expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base stations and MiFi devices;

[0013] By summing the estimated length of stay, multiple estimated lengths of stay are obtained;

[0014] Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and preset dwell time thresholds;

[0015] For each of the multiple target handover base stations, perform the following operation:

[0016] The base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and MiFi device.

[0017] The base station handover scores are aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores;

[0018] The maximum handover score is determined based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among the multiple base station handover scores.

[0019] The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over.

[0020] Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified, including the main link and the backup link.

[0021] The MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant device, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

[0022] Optionally, the step of identifying the three-dimensional layout map of candidate base stations based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices includes:

[0023] The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device, which include the device's x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate.

[0024] Based on multiple nearby base stations, the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations were identified. These coordinates include the x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate of the base station.

[0025] For each of the multiple nearby base station coordinates, perform the following operation:

[0026] The base station direction vector is calculated based on the base station x-coordinate, base station y-coordinate, and base station z-coordinate in the coordinates of nearby base stations, the device x-coordinate, device y-coordinate, and device z-coordinate in the current location coordinates of the device;

[0027] By summing the base station direction vectors, multiple base station direction vectors are obtained;

[0028] Multiple candidate vectors were identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations;

[0029] The coordinates of multiple nearby base stations corresponding to multiple candidate vectors are used as the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations;

[0030] The coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the equipment are mapped to a preset coordinate system to obtain a three-dimensional layout diagram of the candidate base stations.

[0031] Optionally, the step of identifying multiple candidate vectors based on multiple base station direction vectors includes:

[0032] Multiple sets of vectors in the same direction are identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations. The sets of vectors in the same direction include: one vector in the same direction or multiple vectors in the same direction.

[0033] For each of the multiple sets of vectors in the same direction, perform the following operation:

[0034] Count the number of elements in a set of vectors in the same direction to obtain the total number of vectors;

[0035] Determine if the number of vectors is 1. If the number of vectors is 1, extract candidate elements from the set of vectors in the same direction to obtain candidate vectors.

[0036] If the number of vectors is not 1, then perform full element extraction on the vector set in the same direction to obtain multiple vectors to be selected;

[0037] Multiple filterable moduli are identified based on multiple filterable vectors, where the filterable moduli is the modulus of the filterable vectors;

[0038] The minimum modulus is determined based on multiple modulus lengths to be screened, where the minimum modulus length is the smallest modulus length of the vector to be screened among multiple modulus lengths to be screened;

[0039] The vector to be screened corresponding to the minimum modulus is taken as the candidate vector;

[0040] By summing up the candidate vectors, multiple candidate vectors are obtained.

[0041] Optionally, the step of identifying multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations includes:

[0042] The signal coverage radius of multiple base stations was determined based on multiple nearby base stations;

[0043] Perform the following operation for each of the signal coverage radii of multiple base stations:

[0044] The base station signal coverage sphere is determined based on the base station signal coverage radius.

[0045] By summing up the base station signal coverage spheres, multiple base station signal coverage spheres are obtained;

[0046] Multiple base station signal coverage spheres are mapped onto the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the 3D layout diagram of candidate base stations to obtain multiple base station coverage spheres to be screened.

[0047] The direction of movement of the MiFi device is monitored to obtain the direction of device movement;

[0048] Based on the current location coordinates and movement direction of the equipment in the 3D layout map of the base station, the movement ray of the equipment is identified.

[0049] Based on the device's motion ray, the coverage sphere of multiple base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

[0050] Optionally, the step of identifying multiple candidate base stations based on device motion rays, multiple coverage spheres of base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations includes:

[0051] The set of base station coverage spheres to be screened was identified based on multiple base station coverage spheres.

[0052] The number of coverage balls is determined based on the set of coverage balls to be screened base stations;

[0053] The coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened are randomly extracted to obtain the coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened;

[0054] Determine whether the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened. If the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is taken as the target coverage sphere.

[0055] Place the target covering sphere into the pre-constructed covering sphere set to obtain the target covering sphere set;

[0056] Remove the base station coverage ball to be screened from the set of base station coverage balls to be screened to obtain the updated set of base station coverage balls to be screened;

[0057] The updated set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is used as the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened. The step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is returned until the number of coverage balls is equal to a preset zero value, and the target set of coverage balls is obtained.

[0058] If the device's motion ray does not intersect with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is removed from the set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened, and an updated set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened is obtained.

[0059] Update the set of coverage balls to be screened as the set of coverage balls to be screened, return to the step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls to be screened, until the device motion ray intersects with the coverage ball to be screened, put the target coverage ball into the set of coverage balls, and obtain the target coverage ball set.

[0060] Element extraction is performed on the target coverage sphere set to obtain multiple target coverage spheres;

[0061] Multiple candidate base stations were identified based on multiple target coverage spheres and multiple nearby base stations.

[0062] Optionally, determining the expected dwell time based on candidate base stations and MiFi devices includes:

[0063] Candidate coverage spheres were identified based on candidate base stations;

[0064] Based on the MiFi device, the device's motion rays, motion speed, and motion acceleration were identified.

[0065] The expected dwell distance was determined based on the device's motion rays and candidate coverage spheres.

[0066] The estimated dwell time is calculated based on the expected dwell distance, speed, and acceleration.

[0067] Optionally, the step of identifying multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold includes:

[0068] For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation:

[0069] The target dwell time was determined based on multiple expected dwell times and candidate base stations;

[0070] Compare the target dwell time with the dwell time threshold. If the target dwell time is less than or equal to the dwell time threshold, then the candidate base station is used as the pre-handover base station.

[0071] By aggregating the pre-handover base stations, multiple pre-handover base stations are obtained;

[0072] For each of the multiple pre-handover base stations, the following operations are performed:

[0073] Based on the pre-switching base station, the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channel number, and maximum available channel number are determined;

[0074] The base station stability coefficient is calculated based on the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channels, and maximum available channels. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, Indicates the base station stability coefficient. Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the minimum reference signal power. Indicates the number of currently available channels. Indicates the maximum number of available channels. and These represent the preset base station type weight and channel number weight, respectively. Indicates the function to take the smaller value;

[0077] By summing the base station stability coefficients, multiple base station stability coefficients are obtained.

[0078] Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on the stability coefficients of multiple base stations and preset stability coefficient thresholds.

[0079] Optionally, the step of determining the base station handover score based on the target handover base station and MiFi device includes:

[0080] The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device;

[0081] Based on the target switching base station, the base station coordinates and base station signal coverage radius are determined;

[0082] Calculate the spatial distance between the device and the base station based on the device's current location coordinates and the base station coordinates;

[0083] Based on the target handover base station, the reference signal power and base station load rate are determined;

[0084] The base station handover score is calculated based on the spatial distance to the base station, the base station signal coverage radius, the reference signal power, and the base station load rate. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0085] ;

[0086] in, Indicates base station handover score, Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the base station load rate. Indicates the spatial distance between the equipment and the base station. Indicates the coverage radius of the base station signal. , and These represent the preset signal power weight, load weight, and distance weight, respectively.

[0087] Optionally, the step of determining the switching of MiFi devices based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant devices includes:

[0088] Perform link quality monitoring on the main links in redundant devices to obtain the main link quality parameters;

[0089] Determine whether the main link quality parameters are lower than the preset quality switching threshold;

[0090] If the quality parameters of the primary link are lower than the quality switching threshold, the backup link in the redundant device is activated, and the primary link is switched.

[0091] Based on the switching primary link, the connection configuration of the base station to be switched is performed to obtain the switching MiFi device;

[0092] If the quality parameters of the primary link are not lower than the quality handover threshold, the primary link in the redundant device will be used as the handover primary link, and the connection configuration of the base station to be handed over will be performed based on the handover primary link to obtain the handover MiFi device.

[0093] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a cellular MiFi network handover system based on lightweight 5G, comprising:

[0094] The nearby base station confirmation module is used to confirm the MiFi device, confirm the currently connected base station and the current location of the device based on the MiFi device, confirm multiple nearby base stations based on the current location of the device, and confirm a 3D layout map of candidate base stations based on the multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the coordinates of the current location of the device.

[0095] The dwell time calculation module is used to identify multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations. For each candidate base station, the following operation is performed: the expected dwell time is identified based on the candidate base station and the MiFi device, the expected dwell time is summarized, and multiple expected dwell times are obtained.

[0096] The handover score calculation module is used to identify multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold. For each of the multiple target handover base stations, the following operations are performed: the base station handover score is identified based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device, and the base station handover scores are summarized to obtain multiple base station handover scores.

[0097] The network handover adjustment module is used to determine the maximum handover score based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the highest among the multiple base station handover scores. The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is taken as the base station to be handed over. Redundant devices are identified based on the MiFi device, the base station to be handed over, and the currently connected base station. The redundant devices include a primary link and a backup link. The handover MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and the backup link of the redundant devices, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

[0098] To address the above problems, the present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0099] Memory, storing at least one instruction; and

[0100] The processor executes the instructions stored in the memory to implement the aforementioned cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G.

[0101] To address the aforementioned issues, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, which is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the aforementioned cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G.

[0102] To address the problems described in the background section, this invention identifies MiFi devices, determines the currently connected base station, and identifies the device's current location based on the MiFi device. This invention first clarifies the basic information of the mobile device, obtaining the currently connected network base station and its real-time location, laying the foundation for subsequent network handover analysis. Then, based on the device's current location, it identifies multiple nearby base stations. This invention quickly searches for available base stations in the vicinity based on the device's location, expanding the candidate range and preparing for selecting a better network. Based on multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device, a three-dimensional layout map of the candidate base stations is identified. This three-dimensional layout map includes the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the device's current location coordinates. This invention demonstrates the advantages of this invention. For example, by drawing a three-dimensional spatial map of the location information of the device and surrounding base stations, the spatial distribution relationship between them can be intuitively displayed. Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station three-dimensional layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station three-dimensional layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations are identified. It can be seen that by combining the three-dimensional layout map, base stations with good signal coverage and suitable distance are selected as candidate objects, narrowing the selection range. For each candidate base station, the following operations are performed: the expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base station and the MiFi device. It can be seen that by estimating the possible dwell time of the device for each candidate base station, the connection stability of the device under that base station is judged, and the results are summarized. The estimated dwell time is obtained by collecting dwell time data from all candidate base stations to form a basis for horizontal comparison. Based on multiple estimated dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold, multiple target handover base stations are identified. This invention also filters base stations with sufficient stability based on whether the dwell time meets a preset standard, thus reducing handover latency and ping-pong handover probability in cellular MiFi networks. For each target handover base station, the following operation is performed: a base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device. This invention considers multiple factors such as signal quality, handover cost, and historical performance. Each target base station is scored to quantify the overall benefit of handover. The handover scores are then aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores. This embodiment of the invention, by aggregating the scores of all target base stations, forms a clear selection criterion. Based on these multiple base station handover scores, the maximum handover score is determined. The maximum handover score is the highest among the multiple base station handover scores. This embodiment of the invention ensures optimal network experience after handover by automatically identifying the base station with the highest score. The target base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over. This embodiment of the invention achieves intelligent selection by determining the base station with the best overall performance as the target for handover, reducing handover latency and ping-pong handover probability in cellular MiFi networks.Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified. These redundant devices include a primary link and a backup link. This embodiment of the invention ensures uninterrupted network operation during the switch by pre-establishing two communication links (primary and backup) before the switch. The MiFi device to be switched is identified based on the primary and backup links in the redundant devices, completing the cellular MiFi network switch. This embodiment of the invention achieves seamless switching through the coordination of primary and backup links, maintaining a stable and high-speed network connection for the device during movement. This reduces the switching latency and ping-pong switching probability of the cellular MiFi network, achieving smooth switching at the service level. Therefore, this invention can reduce the switching latency and ping-pong switching probability of the cellular MiFi network, achieving smooth switching at the service level. Attached Figure Description

[0103] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Figure 2 A functional block diagram of a lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network handover system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0105] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements the cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0107] 10. Electronic device; 11. Processor; 12. Memory; 13. Bus.

[0108] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0109] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0110] This application provides a method for handover of a cellular MiFi network based on lightweight 5G. The execution entity of the method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following electronic devices that can be configured to execute the method provided in this application: a server, a terminal, etc. In other words, the method for handover of a cellular MiFi network based on lightweight 5G can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cloud server cluster.

[0111] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G includes:

[0112] S1. Identify the MiFi device, and based on the MiFi device, identify the currently connected base station and the device's current location.

[0113] For example, Xiao Zhang is the manager of cellular MiFi and needs to switch the network of cellular MiFi. So Xiao Zhang identifies the MiFi that needs to be switched, and the MiFi that needs to be switched is the MiFi device.

[0114] It should be explained that "currently connected base station" refers to the wireless base station that the MiFi device is currently connected to, and "current device location" refers to the current location of the MiFi device.

[0115] S2. Based on the current location of the device, multiple nearby base stations are identified. Based on the multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device, a 3D layout map of candidate base stations is identified. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the coordinates of the current location of the device.

[0116] It should be explained that a nearby base station refers to a wireless base station located inside a circle with the device's current location as the center and a radius equal to a preset target radius (e.g., 1 km).

[0117] In detail, the process of identifying a 3D layout map of candidate base stations based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices includes:

[0118] The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device, which include the device's x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate.

[0119] Based on multiple nearby base stations, the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations were identified. These coordinates include the x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate of the base station.

[0120] For each of the multiple nearby base station coordinates, perform the following operation:

[0121] The base station direction vector is calculated based on the base station x-coordinate, base station y-coordinate, and base station z-coordinate from the coordinates of nearby base stations, the device x-coordinate, device y-coordinate, and device z-coordinate from the device's current location coordinates. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, Represents the base station direction vector. Represents the x-coordinate of the base station. Represents the device's x-coordinate. This represents the y-coordinate of the base station. Indicates the device's y-coordinate. Represents the z-coordinate of the base station. Represents the device's z-coordinate;

[0124] By summing the base station direction vectors, multiple base station direction vectors are obtained;

[0125] Multiple candidate vectors were identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations;

[0126] The coordinates of multiple nearby base stations corresponding to multiple candidate vectors are used as the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations;

[0127] The coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the equipment are mapped to a preset coordinate system to obtain a three-dimensional layout diagram of the candidate base stations.

[0128] It should be explained that the device's current location coordinates refer to the coordinates of the MiFi device's current location in a ground-based coordinate system. These coordinates include the device's x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate. Similarly, the nearby base station coordinates refer to the coordinates of nearby base stations in a ground-based coordinate system. These coordinates also include the base station's x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate.

[0129] It is understood that the base station direction vector refers to a vector that starts from the current location coordinates of the device and ends at the coordinates of nearby base stations. Mapping the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the device to a preset three-dimensional coordinate system means: labeling the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the device into a three-dimensional coordinate system, optionally using a ground-fixed coordinate system as the three-dimensional coordinate system. The three-dimensional layout diagram of the candidate base stations refers to a three-dimensional coordinate system that includes the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the device.

[0130] Specifically, the process of identifying multiple candidate vectors based on multiple base station direction vectors includes:

[0131] Multiple sets of vectors in the same direction are identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations. The sets of vectors in the same direction include: one vector in the same direction or multiple vectors in the same direction.

[0132] For each of the multiple sets of vectors in the same direction, perform the following operation:

[0133] Count the number of elements in a set of vectors in the same direction to obtain the total number of vectors;

[0134] Determine if the number of vectors is 1. If the number of vectors is 1, extract candidate elements from the set of vectors in the same direction to obtain candidate vectors.

[0135] If the number of vectors is not 1, then perform full element extraction on the vector set in the same direction to obtain multiple vectors to be selected;

[0136] Multiple filterable moduli are identified based on multiple filterable vectors, where the filterable moduli is the modulus of the filterable vectors;

[0137] The minimum modulus is determined based on multiple modulus lengths to be screened, where the minimum modulus length is the smallest modulus length of the vector to be screened among multiple modulus lengths to be screened;

[0138] The vector to be screened corresponding to the minimum modulus is taken as the candidate vector;

[0139] By summing up the candidate vectors, multiple candidate vectors are obtained.

[0140] It should be explained that the determination of multiple sets of vectors with the same direction based on multiple base station direction vectors means that vectors with the same direction among multiple base station direction vectors are put into the same set, and finally multiple sets consisting of one or more vectors with the same direction are obtained. The set consisting of one or more vectors with the same direction is the set of vectors with the same direction.

[0141] Understandably, counting the number of elements in the same-direction vector set means counting the number of elements in the same-direction vector set, which is the number of vectors. Extracting candidate elements from the same-direction vector set means extracting a unique vector in the same direction from the set; this unique vector is the candidate vector. It should be noted that the number of vectors in the same-direction vector set here is 1; therefore, extracting the unique vector in the same direction is the candidate vector. Extracting all elements from the same-direction vector set means extracting all vectors in the same direction from the set; these all vectors are the multiple vectors to be selected.

[0142] S3. Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations are identified.

[0143] In detail, the process of identifying multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations includes:

[0144] The signal coverage radius of multiple base stations was determined based on multiple nearby base stations;

[0145] Perform the following operation for each of the signal coverage radii of multiple base stations:

[0146] The base station signal coverage sphere is determined based on the base station signal coverage radius.

[0147] By summing up the base station signal coverage spheres, multiple base station signal coverage spheres are obtained;

[0148] Multiple base station signal coverage spheres are mapped onto the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the 3D layout diagram of candidate base stations to obtain multiple base station coverage spheres to be screened.

[0149] The direction of movement of the MiFi device is monitored to obtain the direction of device movement;

[0150] Based on the current location coordinates and movement direction of the equipment in the 3D layout map of the base station, the movement ray of the equipment is identified.

[0151] Based on the device's motion ray, the coverage sphere of multiple base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

[0152] It should be explained that the base station signal coverage radius refers to the maximum radius that the signal from a nearby base station can cover, and this base station signal coverage radius can be obtained from the product technical manual provided by the manufacturer. The base station signal coverage sphere refers to a sphere with a radius equal to the base station signal coverage radius. Mapping multiple base station signal coverage spheres onto the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout diagram means aligning the centers of multiple base station signal coverage spheres with the corresponding coordinates of multiple nearby base stations. The base station coverage sphere to be screened refers to the base station signal coverage sphere whose center is aligned with the coordinates of nearby base stations.

[0153] It should be understood that the device movement direction refers to the direction in which the MiFi device moves forward, and the device movement ray refers to the ray that starts from the current position coordinates of the device in the 3D layout diagram of the base station and has the device movement direction as its direction.

[0154] Specifically, the identification of multiple candidate base stations based on device motion rays, multiple coverage spheres of base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations includes:

[0155] The set of base station coverage spheres to be screened was identified based on multiple base station coverage spheres.

[0156] The number of coverage balls is determined based on the set of coverage balls to be screened base stations;

[0157] The coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened are randomly extracted to obtain the coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened;

[0158] Determine whether the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened. If the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is taken as the target coverage sphere.

[0159] Place the target covering sphere into the pre-constructed covering sphere set to obtain the target covering sphere set;

[0160] Remove the base station coverage ball to be screened from the set of base station coverage balls to be screened to obtain the updated set of base station coverage balls to be screened;

[0161] The updated set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is used as the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened. The step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is returned until the number of coverage balls is equal to a preset zero value, and the target set of coverage balls is obtained.

[0162] If the device's motion ray does not intersect with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is removed from the set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened, and an updated set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened is obtained.

[0163] Update the set of coverage balls to be screened as the set of coverage balls to be screened, return to the step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls to be screened, until the device motion ray intersects with the coverage ball to be screened, put the target coverage ball into the set of coverage balls, and obtain the target coverage ball set.

[0164] Element extraction is performed on the target coverage sphere set to obtain multiple target coverage spheres;

[0165] Multiple candidate base stations were identified based on multiple target coverage spheres and multiple nearby base stations.

[0166] It should be explained that the set of base station coverage spheres to be screened is a collection of multiple base station coverage spheres to be screened, and the number of coverage spheres refers to the number of base station coverage spheres to be screened in the set. The target coverage sphere refers to the base station coverage sphere to be screened that intersects with the device's motion ray. The target coverage sphere set refers to the set of coverage spheres containing the target coverage sphere, wherein the initial state of the coverage sphere set is an empty set.

[0167] For example, if the set of base station coverage balls to be screened is (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6), then after randomly extracting from the set of base station coverage balls to be screened, the resulting base station coverage ball to be screened is B2. If the base station coverage ball to be screened is B2, then after removing the base station coverage ball to be screened from the set of base station coverage balls to be screened, the resulting updated set of base station coverage balls to be screened is (B1, B3, B4, B5, B6).

[0168] It should be explained that the value of zero is 0. Extracting elements from the target coverage sphere set means extracting all target coverage spheres from the set. These all target coverage spheres are considered as multiple target coverage spheres. Multiple candidate base stations refer to multiple nearby base stations that correspond to the multiple target coverage spheres.

[0169] S4. For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operations: Based on the candidate base station and MiFi device, determine the expected dwell time, summarize the expected dwell time to obtain multiple expected dwell times, and based on the multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations and preset dwell time thresholds, determine multiple target handover base stations.

[0170] Specifically, the determination of the expected dwell time based on candidate base stations and MiFi devices includes:

[0171] Candidate coverage spheres were identified based on candidate base stations;

[0172] Based on the MiFi device, the device's motion rays, motion speed, and motion acceleration were identified.

[0173] The expected dwell distance was determined based on the device's motion rays and candidate coverage spheres.

[0174] The estimated dwell time is calculated based on the expected dwell distance, velocity, and acceleration, using the following formula:

[0175] ;

[0176] in, Indicates the expected length of stay. Indicates the speed of motion. Indicates acceleration. Indicates the expected distance to stay.

[0177] It should be explained that the candidate coverage sphere refers to the target coverage sphere corresponding to the candidate base station, the motion speed refers to the speed at which the MiFi device moves, and the motion acceleration refers to the acceleration of the MiFi device. The expected dwell distance refers to the length of the intersection line between the device's motion ray and the candidate coverage sphere, and the expected dwell time reflects how long the MiFi device may dwell within the signal coverage area of ​​the candidate base station. The longer the expected dwell time, the longer the MiFi device may dwell within the signal coverage area of ​​the candidate base station.

[0178] Specifically, the process of identifying multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold includes:

[0179] For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation:

[0180] The target dwell time was determined based on multiple expected dwell times and candidate base stations;

[0181] Compare the target dwell time with the dwell time threshold. If the target dwell time is less than or equal to the dwell time threshold, then the candidate base station is used as the pre-handover base station.

[0182] By aggregating the pre-handover base stations, multiple pre-handover base stations are obtained;

[0183] For each of the multiple pre-handover base stations, the following operations are performed:

[0184] Based on the pre-switching base station, the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channel number, and maximum available channel number are determined;

[0185] The base station stability coefficient is calculated based on the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channels, and maximum available channels. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0186] ;

[0187] in, Indicates the base station stability coefficient. Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the minimum reference signal power. Indicates the number of currently available channels. Indicates the maximum number of available channels. and These represent the preset base station type weight and channel number weight, respectively. Indicates the function to take the smaller value;

[0188] By summing the base station stability coefficients, multiple base station stability coefficients are obtained.

[0189] Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on the stability coefficients of multiple base stations and preset stability coefficient thresholds.

[0190] It should be explained that the target dwell time refers to the expected dwell time corresponding to the candidate base station among multiple expected dwell times. The pre-handover base station refers to the candidate base station whose target dwell time is less than or equal to the dwell time threshold. The reference signal power refers to the RSRP of the pre-handover base station, the maximum reference signal power refers to the maximum RSRP of the pre-handover base station, the minimum reference signal power refers to the minimum RSRP of the pre-handover base station, the currently available channel number refers to the number of channels currently available to the pre-handover base station, and the maximum available channel number refers to the total number of channels of the pre-handover base station.

[0191] Understandably, the base station stability coefficient reflects the stability of the pre-handover base station. The higher the base station stability coefficient, the more stable the pre-handover base station is. The target handover base station refers to a pre-handover base station whose stability coefficient is greater than or equal to the stability coefficient threshold. The dwell time threshold is manually set by cellular MiFi administrators based on the historical average dwell time of MiFi devices within the base station's signal coverage area. For example, if the historical average dwell time of MiFi devices within the base station's signal coverage area is 10 minutes, then the dwell time threshold is 10 minutes. Multiple target handover base stations refer to multiple candidate base stations corresponding to multiple base station stability coefficients that are greater than or equal to the stability coefficient threshold.

[0192] It should be understood that the stability coefficient threshold is manually set by the cellular MiFi administrator based on the historical average stability coefficient of the pre-handover base stations. For example, if the historical average stability coefficient of the pre-handover base stations is 85, then the stability coefficient threshold is 85. The base station type weight and channel number weight are also manually set by the cellular MiFi administrator; optionally, the base station type weight is 0.6 and the channel number weight is 0.4.

[0193] S5. Perform the following operation for each of the multiple target handover base stations: Based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device, confirm the base station handover score, summarize the base station handover scores, and obtain multiple base station handover scores.

[0194] Specifically, the method of determining the base station handover score based on the target handover base station and MiFi device includes:

[0195] The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device;

[0196] Based on the target switching base station, the base station coordinates and base station signal coverage radius are determined;

[0197] Calculate the spatial distance between the device and the base station based on the device's current location coordinates and the base station coordinates;

[0198] Based on the target handover base station, the reference signal power and base station load rate are determined;

[0199] The base station handover score is calculated based on the spatial distance to the base station, the base station signal coverage radius, the reference signal power, and the base station load rate. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0200] ;

[0201] in, Indicates base station handover score, Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the base station load rate. Indicates the spatial distance between the equipment and the base station. Indicates the coverage radius of the base station signal. , and These represent the preset signal power weight, load weight, and distance weight, respectively.

[0202] It should be explained that base station coordinates refer to the coordinates of the target handover base station's location, and device base station spatial distance refers to the distance between the device's current location coordinates and the base station coordinates. Optionally, the device base station spatial distance can be calculated using the distance formula between two points. Base station load rate refers to the load rate of the target handover base station. Base station handover score reflects the suitability of the target handover base station as a handover target; the higher the base station handover score, the greater the suitability of the target handover base station as a handover target. Signal power weight, load weight, and distance weight are all values ​​manually set by cellular MiFi administrators. Optionally, the signal power weight is 0.4, the load weight is 0.4, and the distance weight is 0.3.

[0203] S6. Based on the handover scores of multiple base stations, the maximum handover score is determined. The maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among the multiple base station handover scores. The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is taken as the base station to be handed over.

[0204] S7. Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified, including the main link and the backup link.

[0205] It should be explained that redundant equipment refers to MiFi devices that establish connections with both the base station to be switched and the currently connected base station. The main link refers to the link between the redundant equipment and the base station to be switched, and the backup link refers to the link between the redundant equipment and the currently connected base station.

[0206] S8. Based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant equipment, the MiFi device to be switched is identified, and the cellular MiFi network switch is completed.

[0207] Specifically, the method of determining the switching of MiFi devices based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant devices includes:

[0208] Perform link quality monitoring on the main links in redundant devices to obtain the main link quality parameters;

[0209] Determine whether the main link quality parameters are lower than the preset quality switching threshold;

[0210] If the quality parameters of the primary link are lower than the quality switching threshold, the backup link in the redundant device is activated, and the primary link is switched.

[0211] Based on the switching primary link, the connection configuration of the base station to be switched is performed to obtain the switching MiFi device;

[0212] If the quality parameters of the primary link are not lower than the quality handover threshold, the primary link in the redundant device will be used as the handover primary link, and the connection configuration of the base station to be handed over will be performed based on the handover primary link to obtain the handover MiFi device.

[0213] It should be explained that the link quality monitoring of the main link in redundant devices refers to monitoring the LQI of the main link using link quality monitoring equipment (such as a ZigBee (Internet of Things) power management system). The LQI of the main link is the main link quality parameter, and the LQI (link quality indicator) indicates the energy and quality of the received data frames. The quality switching threshold is manually set by the cellular MiFi administrator based on the average LQI of historically functioning cellular MiFi. For example, if the average LQI of historically functioning cellular MiFi is 128, then the quality switching threshold is 128.

[0214] It should be understood that switching the primary link refers to the backup link in the redundant equipment when the quality parameters of the primary link are lower than the quality switching threshold. The connection configuration based on the switching primary link for the base station to be switched refers to connecting the redundant equipment to the switching primary link in the base station to be switched, thereby obtaining the switched MiFi device.

[0215] To address the problems described in the background section, this invention identifies MiFi devices, determines the currently connected base station, and identifies the device's current location based on the MiFi device. This invention first clarifies the basic information of the mobile device, obtaining the currently connected network base station and its real-time location, laying the foundation for subsequent network handover analysis. Then, based on the device's current location, it identifies multiple nearby base stations. This invention quickly searches for available base stations in the vicinity based on the device's location, expanding the candidate range and preparing for selecting a better network. Based on multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device, a three-dimensional layout map of the candidate base stations is identified. This three-dimensional layout map includes the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the device's current location coordinates. This invention demonstrates the advantages of this invention. For example, by drawing a three-dimensional spatial map of the location information of the device and surrounding base stations, the spatial distribution relationship between them can be intuitively displayed. Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station three-dimensional layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station three-dimensional layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations are identified. It can be seen that by combining the three-dimensional layout map, base stations with good signal coverage and suitable distance are selected as candidate objects, narrowing the selection range. For each candidate base station, the following operations are performed: the expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base station and the MiFi device. It can be seen that by estimating the possible dwell time of the device for each candidate base station, the connection stability of the device under that base station is judged, and the results are summarized. The estimated dwell time is obtained by collecting dwell time data from all candidate base stations to form a basis for horizontal comparison. Based on multiple estimated dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold, multiple target handover base stations are identified. This invention also filters base stations with sufficient stability based on whether the dwell time meets a preset standard, thus reducing handover latency and ping-pong handover probability in cellular MiFi networks. For each target handover base station, the following operation is performed: a base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device. This invention considers multiple factors such as signal quality, handover cost, and historical performance. Each target base station is scored to quantify the overall benefit of handover. The handover scores are then aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores. This embodiment of the invention, by aggregating the scores of all target base stations, forms a clear selection criterion. Based on these multiple base station handover scores, the maximum handover score is determined. The maximum handover score is the highest among the multiple base station handover scores. This embodiment of the invention ensures optimal network experience after handover by automatically identifying the base station with the highest score. The target base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over. This embodiment of the invention achieves intelligent selection by determining the base station with the best overall performance as the target for handover, reducing handover latency and ping-pong handover probability in cellular MiFi networks.Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified. These redundant devices include a primary link and a backup link. This embodiment of the invention ensures uninterrupted network operation during the switch by pre-establishing two communication links (primary and backup) before the switch. The MiFi device to be switched is identified based on the primary and backup links in the redundant devices, completing the cellular MiFi network switch. This embodiment of the invention achieves seamless switching through the coordination of primary and backup links, maintaining a stable and high-speed network connection for the device during movement. This reduces the switching latency and ping-pong switching probability of the cellular MiFi network, achieving smooth switching at the service level. Therefore, this invention can reduce the switching latency and ping-pong switching probability of the cellular MiFi network, achieving smooth switching at the service level.

[0216] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of a lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network handover system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0217] The lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network handover system 100 described in this invention can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions implemented, the lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network handover system 100 may include a nearby base station confirmation module 101, a dwell time calculation module 102, a handover score calculation module 103, and a network handover adjustment module 104. The module described in this invention can also be referred to as a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, and are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0218] The nearby base station confirmation module 101 is used to confirm the MiFi device, confirm the currently connected base station and the current location of the device based on the MiFi device, confirm multiple nearby base stations based on the current location of the device, and confirm a three-dimensional layout map of candidate base stations based on the multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device. The three-dimensional layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the coordinates of the current location of the device.

[0219] The dwell time calculation module 102 is used to identify multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device and multiple nearby base stations, and to perform the following operation on each of the multiple candidate base stations: based on the candidate base station and the MiFi device, the expected dwell time is identified, the expected dwell time is summarized, and multiple expected dwell times are obtained.

[0220] The handover score calculation module 103 is used to identify multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold; for each of the multiple target handover base stations, the following operations are performed: the base station handover score is identified based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device, the base station handover scores are summarized, and multiple base station handover scores are obtained.

[0221] The network handover adjustment module 104 is used to determine the maximum handover score based on multiple base station handover scores, wherein the maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among multiple base station handover scores, and to take the target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score as the base station to be handed over. Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be handed over, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are determined, wherein the redundant devices include: a primary link and a backup link. Based on the primary link and the backup link in the redundant devices, the handover MiFi device is determined, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

[0222] In detail, the modules in the lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network handover system 100 described in this embodiment of the invention employ the same methods as described above. Figure 1 The method used is the same as the lightweight 5G-based cellular MiFi network switching method described above, and it can produce the same technical effect, so it will not be repeated here.

[0223] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an electronic device that implements a cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0224] The electronic device 1 may include a processor 10, a memory 11 and a bus 12, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and capable of running on the processor 10, such as a cellular MiFi network switching method program based on lightweight 5G.

[0225] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, such as flash memory, portable hard drive, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1, such as a portable hard drive. In other embodiments, the memory 11 can be an external storage device of the electronic device 1, such as a plug-in portable hard drive, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., equipped on the electronic device 1. Furthermore, the memory 11 includes both internal storage units and external storage devices of the electronic device 1. The memory 11 can be used not only to store application software and various types of data installed on the electronic device 1, such as the code of a cellular MiFi network switching method program based on lightweight 5G, but also to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0226] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of integrated circuits, such as a single packaged integrated circuit or multiple integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including combinations of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips. The processor 10 is the control unit of the electronic device, connecting various components of the entire electronic device through various interfaces and lines. It executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (e.g., a cellular MiFi network switching method program based on lightweight 5G) and calls data stored in the memory 11 to perform various functions of the electronic device 1 and process data.

[0227] The bus 12 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 12 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus 12 is configured to realize the connection and communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0228] Figure 3 Only electronic devices with components are shown; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that... Figure 3The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 1, and may include fewer or more components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0229] For example, although not shown, the electronic device 1 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power the various components. Preferably, the power supply can be logically connected to the at least one processor 10 through a power management device, thereby enabling functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management. The power supply may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging devices, power fault detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components. The electronic device 1 may also include various sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0230] Furthermore, the electronic device 1 may also include a network interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is typically used to establish communication connections between the electronic device 1 and other electronic devices.

[0231] Optionally, the electronic device 1 may further include a user interface, which may be a display, an input unit (such as a keyboard), and optionally, a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen, etc. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a screen or display unit, used to display information processed in the electronic device 1 and to display a visual user interface.

[0232] The cellular MiFi network handover method program based on lightweight 5G, stored in the memory 11 of the electronic device 1, is a combination of multiple instructions. When run in the processor 10, it can achieve the following:

[0233] The MiFi device has been identified, and based on the MiFi device, the currently connected base station and the device's current location have been determined.

[0234] Based on the device's current location, multiple nearby base stations were identified;

[0235] A 3D layout map of candidate base stations was identified based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the current location coordinates of the devices.

[0236] Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

[0237] For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation:

[0238] The expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base stations and MiFi devices;

[0239] By summing the estimated length of stay, multiple estimated lengths of stay are obtained;

[0240] Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and preset dwell time thresholds;

[0241] For each of the multiple target handover base stations, perform the following operation:

[0242] The base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and MiFi device.

[0243] The base station handover scores are aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores;

[0244] The maximum handover score is determined based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among the multiple base station handover scores.

[0245] The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over.

[0246] Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified, including the main link and the backup link.

[0247] The MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant device, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

[0248] Specifically, the processor 10's implementation method for the above instructions can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 3 The descriptions of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiments are not repeated here.

[0249] Furthermore, if the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 1 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, or a read-only memory (ROM).

[0250] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, can perform the following:

[0251] The MiFi device has been identified, and based on the MiFi device, the currently connected base station and the device's current location have been determined.

[0252] Based on the device's current location, multiple nearby base stations were identified;

[0253] A 3D layout map of candidate base stations was identified based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the current location coordinates of the devices.

[0254] Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

[0255] For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation:

[0256] The expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base stations and MiFi devices;

[0257] By summing the estimated length of stay, multiple estimated lengths of stay are obtained;

[0258] Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and preset dwell time thresholds;

[0259] For each of the multiple target handover base stations, perform the following operation:

[0260] The base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and MiFi device.

[0261] The base station handover scores are aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores;

[0262] The maximum handover score is determined based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among the multiple base station handover scores.

[0263] The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over.

[0264] Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified, including the main link and the backup link.

[0265] The MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant device, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

[0266] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, systems, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and actual implementations may have other classification methods.

[0267] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0268] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0269] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0270] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for handover of cellular MiFi networks based on lightweight 5G, characterized in that, The method includes: The MiFi device has been identified, and based on the MiFi device, the currently connected base station and the device's current location have been determined. Based on the device's current location, multiple nearby base stations were identified; A 3D layout map of candidate base stations was identified based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the current location coordinates of the devices. Based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified. For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation: The expected dwell time is determined based on the candidate base stations and MiFi devices; By summing the estimated length of stay, multiple estimated lengths of stay are obtained; Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and preset dwell time thresholds; For each of the multiple target handover base stations, perform the following operation: The base station handover score is determined based on the target handover base station and MiFi device. The base station handover scores are aggregated to obtain multiple base station handover scores; The maximum handover score is determined based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the largest base station handover score among the multiple base station handover scores. The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is selected as the base station to be handed over. Based on the MiFi device, the base station to be switched, and the currently connected base station, redundant devices are identified, including the main link and the backup link. The MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant device, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

2. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The 3D layout map of candidate base stations identified based on multiple nearby base stations and MiFi devices includes: The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device, which include the device's x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate. Based on multiple nearby base stations, the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations were identified. These coordinates include the x-coordinate, y-coordinate, and z-coordinate of the base station. For each of the multiple nearby base station coordinates, perform the following operation: The base station direction vector is calculated based on the base station x-coordinate, base station y-coordinate, and base station z-coordinate in the coordinates of nearby base stations, the device x-coordinate, device y-coordinate, and device z-coordinate in the current location coordinates of the device; By summing the base station direction vectors, multiple base station direction vectors are obtained; Multiple candidate vectors were identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations; The coordinates of multiple nearby base stations corresponding to multiple candidate vectors are used as the coordinates of multiple candidate base stations; The coordinates of multiple candidate base stations and the current location coordinates of the equipment are mapped to a preset coordinate system to obtain a three-dimensional layout diagram of the candidate base stations.

3. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of identifying multiple candidate vectors based on multiple base station direction vectors includes: Multiple sets of vectors in the same direction are identified based on the direction vectors of multiple base stations. The sets of vectors in the same direction include: one vector in the same direction or multiple vectors in the same direction. For each of the multiple sets of vectors in the same direction, perform the following operation: Count the number of elements in a set of vectors in the same direction to obtain the total number of vectors; Determine if the number of vectors is 1. If the number of vectors is 1, extract candidate elements from the set of vectors in the same direction to obtain candidate vectors. If the number of vectors is not 1, then perform full element extraction on the vector set in the same direction to obtain multiple vectors to be selected; Multiple filterable moduli are identified based on multiple filterable vectors, where the filterable moduli is the modulus of the filterable vectors; The minimum modulus is determined based on multiple modulus lengths to be screened, where the minimum modulus length is the smallest modulus length of the vector to be screened among multiple modulus lengths to be screened; The vector to be screened corresponding to the minimum modulus is taken as the candidate vector; By summing up the candidate vectors, multiple candidate vectors are obtained.

4. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of identifying multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations includes: The signal coverage radius of multiple base stations was determined based on multiple nearby base stations; Perform the following operation for each of the signal coverage radii of multiple base stations: The base station signal coverage sphere is determined based on the base station signal coverage radius. By summing up the base station signal coverage spheres, multiple base station signal coverage spheres are obtained; Multiple base station signal coverage spheres are mapped onto the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the 3D layout diagram of candidate base stations to obtain multiple base station coverage spheres to be screened. The direction of movement of the MiFi device is monitored to obtain the direction of device movement; Based on the current location coordinates and movement direction of the equipment in the 3D layout map of the base station, the movement ray of the equipment is identified. Based on the device's motion ray, the coverage sphere of multiple base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations, multiple candidate base stations were identified.

5. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method, based on the device motion ray, the coverage sphere of multiple base stations to be screened, and multiple nearby base stations, identifies multiple candidate base stations, including: The set of base station coverage spheres to be screened was identified based on multiple base station coverage spheres. The number of coverage balls is determined based on the set of coverage balls to be screened base stations; The coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened are randomly extracted to obtain the coverage spheres of the base stations to be screened; Determine whether the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened. If the device's motion ray intersects with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is taken as the target coverage sphere. Place the target covering sphere into the pre-constructed covering sphere set to obtain the target covering sphere set; Remove the base station coverage ball to be screened from the set of base station coverage balls to be screened to obtain the updated set of base station coverage balls to be screened; The updated set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is used as the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened. The step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls for the base stations to be screened is returned until the number of coverage balls is equal to a preset zero value, and the target set of coverage balls is obtained. If the device's motion ray does not intersect with the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened, then the coverage sphere of the base station to be screened is removed from the set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened, and an updated set of coverage spheres of the base station to be screened is obtained. Update the set of coverage balls to be screened as the set of coverage balls to be screened, return to the step of confirming the number of coverage balls based on the set of coverage balls to be screened, until the device motion ray intersects with the coverage ball to be screened, put the target coverage ball into the set of coverage balls, and obtain the target coverage ball set. Element extraction is performed on the target coverage sphere set to obtain multiple target coverage spheres; Multiple candidate base stations were identified based on multiple target coverage spheres and multiple nearby base stations.

6. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining the expected dwell time based on candidate base stations and MiFi devices includes: Candidate coverage spheres were identified based on candidate base stations; Based on the MiFi device, the device's motion rays, motion speed, and motion acceleration were identified. The expected dwell distance was determined based on the device's motion rays and candidate coverage spheres. The estimated dwell time is calculated based on the expected dwell distance, speed, and acceleration.

7. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The process of identifying multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold includes: For each of the multiple candidate base stations, perform the following operation: The target dwell time was determined based on multiple expected dwell times and candidate base stations; Compare the target dwell time with the dwell time threshold. If the target dwell time is less than or equal to the dwell time threshold, then the candidate base station is used as the pre-handover base station. By aggregating the pre-handover base stations, multiple pre-handover base stations are obtained; For each of the multiple pre-handover base stations, the following operations are performed: Based on the pre-switching base station, the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channel number, and maximum available channel number are determined; The base station stability coefficient is calculated based on the reference signal power, maximum reference signal power, minimum reference signal power, current available channels, and maximum available channels. The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, Indicates the base station stability coefficient. Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the minimum reference signal power. Indicates the number of currently available channels. Indicates the maximum number of available channels. and These represent the preset base station type weight and channel number weight, respectively. Indicates the function to take the smaller value; By summing the base station stability coefficients, multiple base station stability coefficients are obtained. Multiple target handover base stations were identified based on the stability coefficients of multiple base stations and preset stability coefficient thresholds.

8. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The base station handover score determined based on the target handover base station and MiFi device includes: The current location coordinates of the device are determined based on the MiFi device; Based on the target switching base station, the base station coordinates and base station signal coverage radius are determined; Calculate the spatial distance between the device and the base station based on the device's current location coordinates and the base station coordinates; Based on the target handover base station, the reference signal power and base station load rate are determined; The base station handover score is calculated based on the spatial distance to the base station, the base station signal coverage radius, the reference signal power, and the base station load rate. The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, Indicates base station handover score, Indicates the reference signal power. Indicates the maximum reference signal power. Indicates the base station load rate. Indicates the spatial distance between the equipment and the base station. Indicates the coverage radius of the base station signal. , and These represent the preset signal power weight, load weight, and distance weight, respectively.

9. The cellular MiFi network handover method based on lightweight 5G as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The method of determining the switching of MiFi devices based on the primary link and backup link in the redundant devices includes: Perform link quality monitoring on the main links in redundant devices to obtain the main link quality parameters; Determine whether the main link quality parameters are lower than the preset quality switching threshold; If the quality parameters of the primary link are lower than the quality switching threshold, the backup link in the redundant device is activated, and the primary link is switched. Based on the switching primary link, the connection configuration of the base station to be switched is performed to obtain the switching MiFi device; If the quality parameters of the primary link are not lower than the quality handover threshold, the primary link in the redundant device will be used as the handover primary link, and the connection configuration of the base station to be handed over will be performed based on the handover primary link to obtain the handover MiFi device.

10. A cellular MiFi network handover system based on lightweight 5G, characterized in that, The system includes: The nearby base station confirmation module is used to confirm the MiFi device, confirm the currently connected base station and the current location of the device based on the MiFi device, confirm multiple nearby base stations based on the current location of the device, and confirm a 3D layout map of candidate base stations based on the multiple nearby base stations and the MiFi device. The 3D layout map of candidate base stations includes: the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations and the coordinates of the current location of the device. The dwell time calculation module is used to identify multiple candidate base stations based on the coordinates of multiple nearby base stations in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the current location coordinates of the device in the candidate base station 3D layout map, the MiFi device, and multiple nearby base stations. For each candidate base station, the following operation is performed: the expected dwell time is identified based on the candidate base station and the MiFi device, the expected dwell time is summarized, and multiple expected dwell times are obtained. The handover score calculation module is used to identify multiple target handover base stations based on multiple expected dwell times, multiple candidate base stations, and a preset dwell time threshold. For each of the multiple target handover base stations, the following operations are performed: the base station handover score is identified based on the target handover base station and the MiFi device, and the base station handover scores are summarized to obtain multiple base station handover scores. The network handover adjustment module is used to determine the maximum handover score based on the handover scores of multiple base stations. The maximum handover score is the highest among the multiple base station handover scores. The target handover base station corresponding to the maximum handover score is taken as the base station to be handed over. Redundant devices are identified based on the MiFi device, the base station to be handed over, and the currently connected base station. The redundant devices include a primary link and a backup link. The handover MiFi device is identified based on the primary link and the backup link of the redundant devices, and the cellular MiFi network handover is completed.

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