Modular anti-silting underlayer farming device

Abstract

This invention relates to a modular, anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device. The device includes an aquaculture module and an anti-siltation module. The aquaculture module has a cubic frame structure, within which several shellfish aquaculture cages or ropes are installed. The anti-siltation module includes several flip-up plates spaced apart on the lower plane of the cubic frame structure of the aquaculture module. This invention can be customized to suit the seabed characteristics of different sea areas, and each device is an independent aquaculture space, facilitating processing, transportation, assembly, and deployment. It is highly practical and effectively reduces labor and transportation costs. The anti-siltation module has a simple structure and can freely switch between deployment and harvesting states, effectively solving the siltation problem in bottom aquaculture. To increase service life, an anti-corrosion module can be added, fixing sacrificial anodes to the aquaculture module. This invention significantly reduces aquaculture costs and enables large-scale, green, and ecological shellfish aquaculture in bottom sea areas, demonstrating strong applicability and economic viability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine aquaculture technology, specifically to aquaculture equipment for marine aquaculture economic species such as shellfish, and particularly to a modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device. Background Technology

[0002] Aquatic products are important agricultural products and a significant source of high-quality animal protein. my country is a major aquaculture country, and in recent years, through vigorous development of ecological and healthy aquaculture, the first modern facility agriculture construction plan issued in 2023 clearly stated the need to build modern facility fisheries based on ecological and healthy aquaculture. Facility fisheries will be the main production method in the future development of ecological and healthy marine aquaculture.

[0003] Currently, most common marine aquaculture facilities are floating structures, such as raft aquaculture, which have several drawbacks: First, the cultured shellfish and other species are easily affected by water temperature, sunlight, and waves, impacting their growth, especially in northern regions where high summer temperatures in recent years have led to very high mortality rates in raft aquaculture. Second, the use of plastic / foam products such as buoys causes environmental pollution due to their large-scale use. Third, surface aquaculture is prone to fouling organisms, reducing the permeability of the aquaculture facilities and affecting the aquaculture results. Furthermore, the need for cleaning and emptying cages consumes significant manpower and resources, increasing aquaculture costs. Fourth, floating ice can form on the sea surface in northern winters, easily damaging aquaculture facilities. Fifth, surface aquaculture facilities such as rafts occupy a large amount of sea surface, easily interfering with maritime shipping lanes and affecting navigation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention innovatively proposes a marine bottom aquaculture device suitable for shellfish farming, providing a modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device. Through its modular structural design, it is easy to assemble and is equipped with an anti-siltation structure to prevent seabed siltation, thereby enabling large-scale green and ecological seabed aquaculture of shellfish.

[0005] A modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device includes an aquaculture module and an anti-siltation module. The aquaculture module is a cubic frame structure, within which several shellfish aquaculture cages or aquaculture ropes are installed. The cubic frame consists of steel structure beams, hanging beams, and columns. Several hanging beams are installed alternately between the beams, forming the upper and lower planes of the cubic frame structure. Several columns are installed at intervals between the upper and lower planes and are parallel to each other. The shellfish aquaculture cages or aquaculture ropes are detachably installed on the beams and hanging beams, i.e., vertically installed between the upper and lower planes of the cubic frame structure. The aforementioned anti-siltation module includes several flip-up plates spaced apart on the lower plane of the cubic frame structure of the aquaculture module. One end of each flip-up plate is connected to a crossbeam or hanging beam on the lower plane of the aquaculture module, allowing it to flip downwards. The other end of each flip-up plate is magnetically connected to the crossbeam or hanging beam on the lower plane of the aquaculture module via a magnetic attachment assembly. The flip-up plate is magnetically attracted to the crossbeam or hanging beam on the lower plane of the aquaculture module, keeping the flip-up plate horizontal. After the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is deployed to the seabed, the flip-up plate adheres to the seabed, significantly increasing the contact area between the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and the seabed, thereby reducing local pressure and preventing siltation of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device.

[0006] The total area of ​​the aforementioned flipping plate is calculated based on the seabed bearing capacity of the deployment area and the pressure exerted on the seabed by the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device: G - ρgV 排 / S ≤ f ak（min） Wherein, G is the self-weight of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device; ρ is the density of water (t / m³) 3 ); V 排 It is the volume (m³) of water discharged after the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is placed in the sea. 3 ); g is the acceleration due to gravity (N / Kg); S is the total area of ​​the flip plate (m²) 2 ); f ak（min） It is the minimum value (kPa) of the characteristic value of the seabed bearing capacity.

[0007] Preferably, the magnetic attraction component is a strong magnet block.

[0008] Preferably, the column extends beyond the lower plane of the cubic frame of the aquaculture module to form a bottom fixing column, so that the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device can be inserted into the seabed for greater stability when it is deployed to the seabed.

[0009] Preferably, the crossbeam and hanging beam are provided with mounting holes or fixing rings at intervals for mounting multi-layer shellfish farming cages or farming ropes.

[0010] Preferably, the cubic frame of the aquaculture module is provided with a hook, which is a T-shaped structure with an upward-facing groove at the bottom for hoisting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during deployment, so that the hook or rope can automatically detach from the groove after deployment to the seabed; a lifting ring is installed on the top of the hook for lifting and connecting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during harvesting.

[0011] Preferably, the cube frame is made of angle steel and / or steel plate, which facilitates assembly and fixation.

[0012] More preferably, the cubic frame is assembled from several steel structural units, which are connected by bolts or by connectors.

[0013] More preferably, the connectors include corner connectors and plate connectors.

[0014] Preferably, the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device further includes an anti-corrosion module, which comprises several sacrificial anodes mounted on the aquaculture module. The anti-corrosion module utilizes the principle of cathodic protection in electrochemical reactions to fix the sacrificial anodes to the aquaculture module, thereby slowing down the corrosion rate of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and increasing its service life.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device of the present invention can be customized for the bottom sediment characteristics of different sea areas, and each device is an independent aquaculture space, realizing large-scale bottom aquaculture of shellfish in sea areas, solving the technical problems of surface aquaculture in sea areas, reducing aquaculture costs, and improving production efficiency; 2. The aquaculture module is a modular steel structure that is easy to process and assemble, lightweight, easy to transport and deploy. The size and assembly design can be customized according to the seabed conditions and aquaculture needs of different sea areas. The components are transported to the sea area for on-site assembly, which is highly practical and effectively reduces labor and transportation costs. 3. The anti-siltation module has a simple structure, effectively solving the siltation problem of bottom-layer aquaculture modules during seabed aquaculture. It also does not obstruct harvesting and lifting operations. When the modular anti-siltation bottom-layer aquaculture device is deployed into the sea, the flipping plate magnetically connects to the crossbeam or hanging beam on the lower surface of the aquaculture module. At this time, the flipping plate remains horizontal with the lower surface of the aquaculture module. After the modular anti-siltation bottom-layer aquaculture device is deployed to the seabed, the flipping plate adheres to the seabed, significantly increasing the contact area between the modular anti-siltation bottom-layer aquaculture device and the seabed, thereby reducing local pressure and preventing siltation. When the modular anti-siltation bottom-layer aquaculture device is harvested and lifted, the flipping plate is attracted by seabed sediment, causing the magnetic components on it to detach from the aquaculture module. The flipping plate then flips and becomes perpendicular to the bottom of the aquaculture module, avoiding excessive water resistance during lifting and ensuring smooth lifting. 4. The anti-corrosion module adopts the principle of cathodic protection in electrochemical reaction, fixing the sacrificial anode to the aquaculture module, which slows down the corrosion rate of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and increases the service life of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of shellfish farming cages without installation; Figure 4 yes Figure 4 Top view; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The left view; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Crossbeam; 2. Hanging beam; 3. Mounting hole or fixing ring; 4. Connector; 5. Breeding cage; 6. Hook; 61. Groove; 62. Hanging ring; 7. Column; 8. Bottom flip plate; 9. Sacrificial anode; 10. Bottom fixing column; 11. Magnetic suction assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use.

[0019] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0020] Taking the modular anti-siltation bottom culture device of this invention used in the aquaculture production of scallops in the Dalian sea area as an example, the culture density and device size are designed according to the sea area survey, and a scientific culture layout is planned.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device includes an aquaculture module, an anti-siltation module, and an anti-corrosion module. The aquaculture module is a cubic frame structure, and several aquaculture cages 5 are installed inside the cubic frame.

[0022] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the aquaculture module cube frame structure consists of steel structure beams 1, hanging beams 2, and columns 7. Several hanging beams 2 are staggered between the beams 1, forming the upper and lower planes of the cube frame structure. Several columns 7 are spaced apart between the upper and lower planes and are parallel to each other. Shellfish farming cages or ropes can be detachably installed on the beams and hanging beams, i.e., vertically installed between the upper and lower planes of the cube frame structure. The columns 7 extend beyond the lower plane, forming bottom fixing columns 10, allowing the bottom fixing columns 10 to be inserted into the seabed for greater stability when the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is deployed. Mounting holes or fixing rings 3 are spaced apart on the beams 1 and hanging beams 2 for installing farming cages 5. Hooks 6 are provided on the cube frame, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the hook 6 has a T-shaped structure with an upward-facing groove 61 at the bottom for hoisting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during deployment. During deployment, the hook or rope embeds into the groove 61 and is secured by the device's own weight. After the device is deployed to the seabed, the downward force disappears, and the hook or rope automatically disengages, completing the deployment. A lifting ring 62 is installed at the top of the hook 6, connected to a lifting rope for hoisting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during harvesting. The crossbeam 1, hanging beam 2, and column 7 are made of angle steel and / or steel plates, assembled into a cubic frame using connectors 4 and bolts. If the aquaculture module is large, the crossbeam 1, hanging beam 2, and column 7 can be assembled from several steel structure units using connectors 4, which include corner connectors and plate connectors. The steel structure components are readily available and easy to transport, allowing for on-site assembly before deployment, saving transportation costs and facilitating assembly.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the anti-siltation module includes several flip-up plates 8, spaced apart on the lower plane of the cubic frame of the aquaculture module. One end of each flip-up plate 8 is flipped and connected to the hanging beam 2 on the lower plane of the aquaculture module, allowing the flip-up plate 8 to flip downwards. The other end of each flip-up plate 8 is magnetically connected to the crossbeam 1 on the lower plane of the aquaculture module via a magnetic attraction component 11, which is a strong magnet. Before and during deployment, the flip-up plates 8 are magnetically attracted to the crossbeam 1, keeping the flip-up plates 8 horizontal with the lower plane of the aquaculture module. After deployment to the seabed, the flip-up plates 8 adhere to the seabed, increasing the contact area between the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and the seabed, thereby reducing local pressure and preventing siltation of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device.

[0024] The total area of ​​the flip-over plate 8 is roughly equal to the contact area between the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and the seabed. Therefore, based on the seabed bearing capacity of the deployment area and the pressure exerted on the seabed by the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device, the following calculations can be made: G-ρgV 排 / S ≤ f ak（min） Wherein, G is the self-weight of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device; ρ is the density of water (t / m³) 3 ); V 排 It is the volume (m³) of water discharged after the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is placed in the sea. 3 ); g is the acceleration due to gravity (N / Kg); S is the total area of ​​the flip plate (m²) 2 ); f ak（min） It is the minimum value (kPa) of the characteristic value of the seabed bearing capacity.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the anti-corrosion module includes several sacrificial anodes 9, which are installed on the aquaculture module. Utilizing the principle of cathodic protection in electrochemical reactions, the sacrificial anodes 9 are spaced apart on the aquaculture module to slow down the corrosion rate of the modular anti-fouling bottom layer of the aquaculture device, increasing the service life of the entire device. The sacrificial anodes 9 are made of magnesium alloy or aluminum alloy, and the dosage is calculated as follows: W=8766It / ZUQ in: I = A × Cd × (1 - E) A is the protected area. I is the cathodic protection current. Cd is the protective current density. E is the coating efficiency; t represents the protection period; Z is the theoretical capacitance; U is the current efficiency; Q represents the anode utilization rate.

[0026] Before deployment, the cubic frame of the aquaculture module is assembled according to the design dimensions. The flip plate 8 of the anti-siltation module and the sacrificial anode 9 of the anti-corrosion module are installed on the aquaculture module. At this time, the flip plate 8 is magnetically connected to the crossbeam 1 on the lower surface of the aquaculture module, that is, the flip plate 8 and the lower surface of the aquaculture module are kept horizontal. The scallop seedlings are loaded into the multi-layer aquaculture cages 5, and then the aquaculture cages 5 are tied and fixed to the mounting holes or fixing rings 3 on the crossbeam 1 and the hanging beam 2. Thus, the aquaculture cages 5 are installed at intervals in the cubic frame. The aquaculture cages 5 are tied and fixed between the upper and lower surfaces of the cubic frame structure, which is stable and has gaps. The installation is stable and maintains good water permeability after being put into the seabed, without affecting the natural food of the shellfish in the seawater inside the aquaculture cages 5.

[0027] According to the aquaculture plan, modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture devices are deployed to the corresponding aquaculture areas. During deployment, the lifting hook or rope is embedded in the groove 61 at the bottom of the hook 6, and is secured by the device's own weight. After the device is deployed to the seabed, the downward force disappears, and the lifting hook or rope embedded in the groove 61 automatically disengages, completing the deployment. At this point, the flipping plate 9 is in contact with the seabed, increasing the contact area between the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device and the seabed, thereby reducing local pressure and preventing siltation. Each modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device forms an independent aquaculture space. No feeding is required during the aquaculture process, as the seabed has abundant natural food and a stable temperature. The device is made of environmentally friendly materials, meeting the requirements of green and ecological aquaculture. The device can be directly hoisted and harvested after the animals have grown to maturity. The aquaculture process does not require operations such as turning over the cages, greatly reducing aquaculture costs. During harvesting, the lifting hook or rope is connected to the lifting ring 62 at the top of the hook 6, or the lifting rope connected to the lifting ring 62 is tied to it to lift the device for harvesting. At this time, the bottom flip plate 8 of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is attracted by the seabed sediment, and the magnetic suction component 11 on its free end is separated from the crossbeam 1. The flip plate 8 flips downward and becomes perpendicular to the bottom of the aquaculture module, which avoids excessive water resistance during the lifting process and ensures that the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is lifted smoothly.

[0028] Using this invention greatly reduces aquaculture costs and enables large-scale, green, and ecological aquaculture of shellfish in bottom sea areas, making it highly applicable and economical.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device, characterized in that, The system includes an aquaculture module and an anti-siltation module. The aquaculture module is a cubic frame structure, within which several shellfish aquaculture cages or ropes are installed. The cubic frame consists of steel beams, hanging beams, and columns. Several hanging beams are installed alternately between the beams, forming the upper and lower planes of the cubic frame structure. Several columns are installed at intervals between the upper and lower planes and are parallel to each other. The shellfish aquaculture cages or ropes are detachably installed on the beams and hanging beams. The anti-siltation module includes several flip-up plates, spaced apart on the lower plane of the cubic frame structure of the aquaculture module. One end of each flip-up plate is flipped and connected to a beam or hanging beam on the lower plane of the aquaculture module, allowing the flip-up plate to flip downwards. The other end of each flip-up plate is magnetically connected to a beam or hanging beam on the lower plane of the aquaculture module via a magnetic component.

2. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the aforementioned flipping plate is calculated based on the seabed bearing capacity of the deployment area and the seabed pressure exerted by the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device: G-ρgV 排 / S ≤ f ak（min） Wherein, G is the self-weight of the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device; ρ is the density of water (t / m³) 3 ); V 排 It is the volume (m³) of water discharged after the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device is placed in the sea. 3 ); g is the acceleration due to gravity (N / Kg); S is the total area of ​​the flip plate (m²) 2 ); f ak（min） It is the minimum value (kPa) of the characteristic value of the seabed bearing capacity.

3. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The magnetic attraction component is a strong magnet block.

4. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column extends to the lower plane of the cubic frame of the aquaculture module, forming a bottom fixing column, which allows the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device to be inserted into the seabed for greater stability when it is deployed.

5. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crossbeams and hanging beams are provided with mounting holes or fixing rings at intervals for mounting multi-layer shellfish farming cages or farming ropes.

6. The cubic frame of the aquaculture module is equipped with a hook, which is a T-shaped structure with an upward-facing groove at the bottom for hoisting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during deployment. This facilitates the automatic release of the hook or rope from the groove after deployment to the seabed. A lifting ring is installed at the top of the hook for lifting and connecting the modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device during harvesting.

7. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cubic frame is made of angle steel and / or steel plate, which facilitates assembly and fixation.

8. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cubic frame is assembled from several steel structural units, which are connected by bolts or by connectors.

9. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connectors include corner connectors and plate connectors.

10. The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The modular anti-siltation bottom aquaculture device also includes an anti-corrosion module, which includes several sacrificial anodes installed on the aquaculture module.

Images