Composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling body weight and use thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight, comprising seahorse, laver, kelp, spirulina, Ulva procumbens, and Gracilaria in a specific ratio. This formula is based on traditional Chinese medicine theories such as "five colors entering the five internal organs," "five flavors entering the meridians," and "salt can soften hardness," while also considering the combined use of warming and cooling properties, and the integration of clearing and tonifying. Through the combination of various marine algae and seahorse, it achieves synergistic effects on multiple targets, including immune regulation, anti-inflammation, intestinal barrier repair, and weight control. The preparation method is simple and low-cost, suitable for large-scale production in food and dietary supplements. Animal experiments show that this composition can significantly slow weight gain in normal mice. In an AOM / DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer model, it can reduce the disease activity index, decrease the number of colon tumors, alleviate abnormal organ enlargement and intestinal pathological damage, downregulate inflammatory factors such as iNOS and Cox-2, and upregulate intestinal barrier-related factors such as Cdh1, demonstrating a good preventive intervention effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural products and food technology, specifically to a marine-derived dietary formula and its application. The formula comprises seahorse, laver, kelp, Ulva perforatum, spirulina, and Gracilaria in a specific ratio. Through synergistic effects targeting multiple targets, including immune regulation, anti-inflammation, and intestinal barrier repair, it can prevent colitis-related colorectal cancer and control weight gain. Background Technology

[0002] Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with an incidence rate second only to breast cancer and lung cancer, and a mortality rate second only to lung cancer. It is estimated that by 2030, 1.1 million people worldwide will die from colorectal cancer. Due to its high incidence and mortality rates, colorectal cancer has become a major public health problem threatening the global population.

[0003] Chronic colitis, especially inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer. Long-term chronic inflammation can lead to repeated damage and repair of intestinal epithelial cells, promoting the accumulation of gene mutations, inducing dysplasia, and ultimately progressing to colorectal cancer. Studies have shown that patients with ulcerative colitis have a 2-3 times higher risk of developing colorectal cancer than the general population, and the risk increases further in those with a disease course exceeding 10 years. Therefore, blocking the "inflammation-carcinogenesis" process is a key strategy for colorectal cancer prevention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The progression from colitis to colorectal cancer is a multi-step, multi-factorial pathological process. Immune imbalance, chronic inflammation, intestinal barrier disruption, and obesity / weight dysregulation are the four core drivers of the "inflammation-carcinogenesis" process. These four factors are interconnected and mutually reinforcing, forming a vicious cycle that is difficult to break. (1) Immune imbalance: The decline in the body's immune function (such as thymic atrophy and impaired T cell function) leads to a weakened ability to monitor and clear abnormally proliferating cells. At the same time, immune disorders cause excessive activation of pro-inflammatory immune cells, secreting a large number of pro-inflammatory factors (such as TNF-α and IL-6), which aggravates local inflammation in the intestines.

[0005] (2) Chronic inflammation: The persistent inflammatory microenvironment is a key driver of the transformation of colitis into colorectal cancer. Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are highly expressed in inflamed and tumor tissues, catalyzing the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reactive nitrogen (RNS), inducing DNA damage and gene mutations, and activating oncogenic signaling pathways such as NF-κB and STAT3, thereby promoting the malignant transformation of epithelial cells.

[0006] (3) Intestinal barrier disruption: Downregulation of tight junction proteins (such as E-cadherin / Cdh1) leads to impaired intestinal barrier function, allowing bacteria and toxins in the intestinal lumen to abnormally enter the lamina propria, activating immune cells and exacerbating local inflammation; at the same time, loss of epithelial cell polarity and weakened intercellular adhesion create conditions for tumor cell invasion and metastasis.

[0007] (4) Obesity / uncontrolled weight: Obesity is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer, increasing the risk of developing the disease by 30-70%. Obesity amplifies the vicious cycle of "inflammation-carcinogenesis" through the following mechanisms: ① Adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory factors (leptin, TNF-α, IL-6), aggravating intestinal inflammation; ② Induces insulin resistance, increases IGF-1 levels, and activates pro-cancer signaling pathways such as PI3K / AKT; ③ Changes the structure of intestinal flora, accumulates pro-cancer metabolites (secondary bile acids), and exacerbates barrier damage; ④ Induces immunosuppression (increase in M2 macrophages and Treg cells), weakening anti-tumor surveillance.

[0008] Our research group has previously studied the anticancer effects of Ulva perforatum polysaccharides, as described in Chinese Patent 2025119482856, which discloses a homogeneous polysaccharide from Ulva perforatum, its preparation method, and its applications. While this patent also describes the antagonistic effect of Ulva perforatum polysaccharide extract against rectal cancer, demonstrating its ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and exhibit antitumor effects in animal models, the preparation process for this extract is complex, requiring purification steps such as water extraction, alcohol precipitation, macroporous resin treatment, and dialysis. This process demands sophisticated equipment and technology, resulting in high production costs and low yields, making it unsuitable for large-scale application in dietary supplements and daily intake.

[0009] Gracilaria heterophylla has also been reported to have immunomodulatory effects, but existing studies mainly focus on its application in general immune models. There is a lack of in-depth research on its intervention effects on the specific pathological process of colitis progressing to cancer, and it does not involve a comprehensive evaluation of its effects on weight control, metabolic regulation, etc.

[0010] Spirulina, rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, is widely used for nutritional supplementation and lipid-lowering effects. However, existing spirulina products are mostly used as single nutritional supplements, primarily targeting general obesity or lipid metabolism disorders. There is a lack of systematic research and application of spirulina in combination with specific marine algae for integrated interventions of "colitis-associated colorectal cancer prevention + weight control." Furthermore, existing technologies also suffer from the following common shortcomings: 1. Limitations of single-component function: Most of the reported marine bioactive components (such as Ulva perforatum polysaccharide, Gracilaria heterophylla polysaccharide, Spirulina extract, etc.) are single-component functional studies. Although they show activity in a certain aspect (such as anti-tumor or lipid-lowering), there is a lack of research on the overall intervention capabilities of multi-level and multi-target approaches for "preventing colitis-related colorectal cancer and controlling weight".

[0011] 2. Most of these studies focus on the activity of marine product extracts. The preparation process is complex and costly. The application of most marine active ingredients is mainly based on high-purity extracts or polysaccharide purified products. The preparation process involves multiple steps of extraction, purification, and concentration. The equipment investment is large, the technical threshold is high, and the production cost is high, making it difficult to achieve economic efficiency and accessibility in daily dietary scenarios, thus limiting its promotion and application under the concept of "prevention before disease".

[0012] 3. Lack of systematic evaluation of overall regulatory mechanisms: Existing literature mostly focuses on single functional indicators of single active ingredients (such as downregulation of a certain inflammatory factor or inhibition of a certain tumor pathway), and there is no systematic study on how multiple marine ingredients can be combined in a specific ratio to exert synergistic effects, while improving colitis symptoms, blocking the process of carcinogenesis, controlling weight gain, and protecting immune organs.

[0013] 4. The immune regulation dimension is neglected: The thymus is an important immune organ and is closely related to immune function. However, existing research on marine bioactive components (including Ulva polysaccharide) in the prevention of colorectal cancer mainly focuses on local effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects. There are few reports on their effects on the function of immune organs such as the thymus and their mechanisms of action in anti-cancer, resulting in insufficient understanding of the overall immune regulation level.

[0014] 5. Insufficient consideration of safety and compatibility for long-term consumption: Some marine algae (such as Ulva lactuca and kelp) are cold in nature, and long-term consumption of large quantities alone may damage the spleen and kidney yang, leading to discomfort such as diarrhea and chills. Current technology lacks a systematic consideration of the cold and hot properties and complementary functions of various marine ingredients, making it difficult to achieve a balance of "cold and warm, clearing and nourishing," which affects the safety and compliance of long-term consumption.

[0015] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in the research and application of marine natural products, such as the limited function of single components, complex and costly extraction processes, lack of systematic evaluation of overall regulatory mechanisms, insufficient application of traditional Chinese medicine compatibility theory, and lack of overall intervention programs.

[0016] This invention creatively addresses the four core pathological processes of "uncontrolled obesity, immune imbalance, chronic inflammation, and barrier damage" in the progression of colitis to colorectal cancer from five dimensions: immune regulation, inflammation suppression, intestinal barrier repair, weight control, and the balance of traditional Chinese medicine formulas. More importantly, this invention is the first to scientifically combine marine algae (Ulva persica, Porphyra, Kelp, Spirulina, Gracilaria) with marine animal ingredients (Seahorse) in a specific ratio. Based on the classic theories of traditional Chinese medicine such as "five colors enter the five internal organs," "five flavors return to the meridians," and "salt can soften hardness," it achieves a dietary composition design that combines "cold and warm properties, clearing and tonifying, supporting the body's resistance and eliminating pathogens, and treating both the symptoms and the root cause." It can give full play to the heat-clearing and detoxifying, softening and dispersing, dampness-removing and anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, and intestinal repair effects of marine algae, while avoiding damage to the spleen and kidney yang qi by using the warming and tonifying properties of seahorse. This ensures the safety and effectiveness of long-term consumption and provides a safe, effective, and economical dietary composition for "prevention before disease" for patients with inflammatory bowel disease and high-risk groups for colorectal cancer.

[0017] The first aspect of the present invention provides a composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts seahorse, 1-3 parts laver, 1-3 parts kelp, 0.5-2 parts spirulina, 1-3 parts Ulva perforata and 0.5-2 parts Gracilaria heterophylla.

[0018] Preferably, the composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts seahorse, 2 parts laver, 2 parts kelp, 1 part spirulina, 2 parts Ulva perforata, and 1 part Gracilaria heterophylla.

[0019] This dietary formula is designed based on the theories of "five colors entering the five internal organs" and "five flavors returning to their respective meridians" in the *Huangdi Neijing*, as well as the core principle that "salty can soften hardness" (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The following is a description of the dietary formula with seahorse, laver, kelp, spirulina, Ulva procumbens, and Gracilaria as its core ingredients: The kelp, laver, and Ulva procumbens components in this formula are rich in natural salty substances. Their "salty and moistening" properties help soften accumulated dry and hardened substances in the intestines, promoting the lubrication and downward movement of intestinal contents, thereby supporting the normalization of intestinal transit function. In this formula, laver is purplish-black, kelp is bluish-black, and Ulva procumbens is bluish-green. According to the concept of "five colors entering the five internal organs," these substances may exert a regulatory effect through the liver and kidney meridians. The kidneys govern urination and defecation; nourishing kidney yin can indirectly moisten the intestines. The liver governs the free flow of qi; regulating liver qi helps maintain the smooth flow of qi in the intestines. This formula may thus improve intestinal dysfunction.

[0020] Spirulina, green and slightly salty, is light and refreshing, and may help clear local heat in the intestines while providing nutritional support. Gracilaria focuses on clearing damp-heat, and in synergy with other damp-clearing components such as Ulva prostrata, it may help maintain intestinal homeostasis and promote the elimination of pathogenic factors. The introduction of trace amounts of seahorse, based on its traditionally understood "warming" properties, aims to balance the overall cold nature of the formula and avoid excessive moistening that could damage Yang energy.

[0021] Marine algae and other organisms are rich in active substances such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, and minerals. Many of these substances have been reported to have immunomodulatory, antioxidant, prebiotic, and anticancer activities. The combination of multiple components can induce a synergistic effect to prevent colorectal cancer.

[0022] Previous research by the inventors revealed that purified polysaccharides from Ulva perforatum (see Chinese Patent Application No. 2025119482856: A Homogeneous Polysaccharide from Ulva perforatum, Preparation Method and Application) possess certain anti-colorectal cancer activity, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and exhibiting anti-tumor effects in animal models. However, the preparation process of this purified polysaccharide from Ulva perforatum is complex, requiring multiple purification steps such as water extraction, alcohol precipitation, macroporous resin chromatography, and dialysis. This process involves significant equipment investment, high technical barriers, and extremely low yield, severely limiting its large-scale application in everyday dietary and nutritional settings.

[0023] Previous research by the inventors revealed that the low molecular weight polysaccharide GBP-1a from Gracilaria esculenta (see Chinese Patent: CN202510187298.X, A low molecular weight polysaccharide from Gracilaria esculenta and its preparation method and application) possesses immunomodulatory activity. However, the purification of this low molecular weight polysaccharide from Gracilaria esculenta also involves water extraction, concentration, ultrafiltration, and column chromatography, resulting in multiple purification steps, high equipment investment, high technical barriers, and extremely low yield. Moreover, this immunomodulatory activity is only observed in vitro on macrophages, lacking validation in animal experiments and in vivo, particularly regarding its preventive and therapeutic effects in inflammation-related colorectal cancer.

[0024] In addition, spirulina polysaccharides are commonly reported in existing research on nutritional supplementation and lipid-lowering effects, and some literature also reports that they have certain anti-cancer activity. However, there are currently no research or patent reports on their application in the prevention and treatment of inflammation-related colorectal cancer, and their application potential and mechanism of action in this field still need further exploration.

[0025] Through in-depth research, the inventors unexpectedly discovered that a dietary composition scientifically formulated with all components of Ulva prostrata, laver, kelp, spirulina, Gracilaria heterophylla, and seahorse in a specific mass ratio (2:2:2:1:2:1) exhibits unique multi-dimensional, multi-target, and multi-component synergistic effects in preventing colitis-related colorectal cancer. It not only achieves comparable or even superior results to purified polysaccharides from Ulva prostrata in key indicators such as reducing disease activity index (DAI) scores and tumor number, but also demonstrates significant technological advancements in important dimensions such as immune organ protection (thymus index recovery), weight control (delaying abnormal weight gain), inflammation suppression (Cox-2 and Inos downregulation), and intestinal barrier repair (Cdh1 upregulation). More importantly, this invention uses a direct formulation of all marine ingredients without any extraction or purification steps, resulting in an extremely simple preparation process and very low production costs, making it highly suitable for daily preventative intervention and large-scale industrial application as a food and dietary supplement.

[0026] The laver, kelp, Gracilaria heterophylla, and seahorse of this invention were collected from the sea area of ​​Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province; spirulina; and Ulva perforata were purchased from Shaanxi Sinote Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The above materials can be pre-treated and then mixed and pulverized, or pulverized separately and then mixed.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight, comprising the following steps: (1) Collect the raw materials: seahorse, laver, kelp, spirulina, Ulva perforatum and Gracilaria heterophylla; (2) Wash, desalinate, remove impurities, air dry, freeze dry or oven dry to obtain dried product; (3) After mixing the dried products from step (2) by weight, pulverize the mixture as a whole and pass it through a 200-600 mesh sieve, or: Crush the dried products from step (2) separately, pass them through a 200-600 mesh sieve, and then mix them together.

[0028] Furthermore, the freeze-drying process involves pre-freezing at -40 to -50 °C for 4 hours, followed by freeze-drying under a vacuum of 5 to 20 Pa for 12 to 36 hours to obtain a dried product with a water content of ≤8 wt%. The drying process involves drying at 45–60 °C for 6–24 h until the moisture content of the raw material is ≤10 wt%. A third aspect of the present invention provides a food product comprising the above-described composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight.

[0029] The food can be liquid, semi-liquid, solid, or semi-solid. Examples include solid beverages, soy products, fruit juices, dairy products, ice cream, candy, and biscuits.

[0030] In some embodiments, the food described is a nutritional formula food. A "nutritional formula food" refers to a food or dietary supplement that is prepared using edible natural or processed raw materials as the main ingredients through a specific formula ratio, which can provide basic nutrition and, under long-term daily consumption conditions, play a comprehensive conditioning role in specific bodily functions.

[0031] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a dietary supplement comprising the above-described composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight.

[0032] The fifth aspect of the invention provides the use of the above-described composition in the preparation of foods and dietary supplements for the prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and for weight control.

[0033] Furthermore, the dietary supplement is selected from powders, tablets, granules, capsules, liquids, emulsions, and suspensions.

[0034] Furthermore, the dietary supplement also includes additives selected from the following: nutritional fortifiers (e.g., calcium carbonate, calcium lactate, ferrous sulfate, zinc gluconate, potassium iodide, taurine, L-lysine hydrochloride), flavorings (e.g., natural flavorings, synthetic flavorings or their compounds, preferably selected from lemon flavoring, orange flavoring, vanilla flavoring, cream flavoring, strawberry flavoring, peppermint flavoring, etc.), stabilizers (e.g., guar gum, xanthan gum, gellan gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum, sodium alginate, pectin, gelatin, glyceryl monostearate, to improve the dispersibility and storage stability of the system), thickeners, preservatives, minerals, vitamins or maltodextrin, one or more of these.

[0035] Furthermore, the dosage of the composition in the food or dietary supplement is 0.2-0.5 g / kg.

[0036] The composition is intended for use as a food or dietary supplement for the prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and for weight control, wherein the food or dietary supplement is able to control the rate of weight gain in normal mice and exert a preventive intervention effect in an AOM / DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer mouse model.

[0037] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: 1. Based on the classic theories of traditional Chinese medicine such as "five colors enter the five internal organs", "five flavors enter the meridians", and "salty can soften hardness", this invention realizes the design of a dietary therapy composition that "uses cold and warm, combines clearing and tonifying, supports the body's resistance and eliminates pathogens, and treats both the symptoms and the root cause".

[0038] The main ingredients are "intestinal damp-heat, constipation, and chronic inflammation": seaweed, kelp, sea lettuce, and Gracilaria heterophylla are salty and enter the kidneys and descend downwards. They are rich in dietary fiber and polysaccharides, which together play a role in softening and dispersing nodules, moistening the intestines and relieving constipation, clearing damp-heat, regulating intestinal flora and inflammation.

[0039] Balancing nutrition and metabolism: Spirulina provides high protein and a variety of vitamins and minerals, which on the one hand supplements nutrition and prevents the cold seaweed from harming the spleen and stomach, and on the other hand helps to lower lipids, control weight, and enhance antioxidant capacity.

[0040] Use a small amount of warming herbs to "support" it: Sea dragon is salty and warm in nature and enters the kidney. Adding a small amount is used to warm the kidney and assist yang, promote qi and blood circulation, and harmonize the cold-natured algae in the formula to avoid problems such as fear of cold and diarrhea caused by long-term consumption.

[0041] 2. Advantages in preparation process and cost: This invention uses seahorse, laver, kelp, Ulva procumbens, spirulina, and Gracilaria heterophylla in a specific ratio, directly combined and applied as whole algae powder in food or dietary supplements. No extraction or purification steps are required, making the preparation process extremely simple and the production cost extremely low. It is highly suitable for daily preventative intervention and large-scale industrial application as a food and dietary supplement.

[0042] 3. In an AOM / DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer mouse model, the dietary formula of this invention significantly alleviated the abnormal enlargement of the spleen and liver induced by colorectal cancer modeling, improved the thymus organ index, reduced the disease activity index (DAI) score, partially reversed the shortening of colon length, and significantly reduced the number of colon tumors, alleviating intestinal pathological damage. Further molecular biological results showed that the dietary formula intervention significantly downregulated the expression levels of inflammatory factors iNOS and Cox-2 in colorectal tissue, thereby alleviating intestinal inflammatory response; the high-dose dietary formula (DHM group) also significantly upregulated the expression level of intestinal barrier factor Cdh1, to a certain extent restoring the damaged intestinal barrier function of AOM / DSS model mice, demonstrating the multi-target comprehensive regulatory advantages in "anti-inflammatory-anti-tumor-barrier protection".

[0043] 4. Regarding weight control in normal mice, the dietary formula of this invention can significantly slow down the rate of weight gain. Experimental results show that, compared with the blank control group (CON), the weight gain rate of mice in the low-dose dietary formula group (DLC) and the high-dose dietary formula group (DHC) was significantly reduced, suggesting that the composition of this invention has good application prospects in weight management and prevention of obesity-related health risks, and can achieve the prevention of colitis-related colorectal cancer while also regulating metabolic health. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a formulation diagram of the composition of the composition in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the compatibility of the composition in Example 1.

[0046] Figure 3 This is the modeling process of the AOM / DSS model in Example 2.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the change in mouse body weight after modeling in Example 2.

[0048] Figure 5 The following are mouse organ index graphs: a) Spleen index; b) Liver index; c) Kidney index; d) Thymus index. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the changes in the DAI score of mice.

[0050] Figure 7 The following are colon analysis diagrams: a) Statistical chart of colon length comparison; b) Chart of colon tumor number; c) Macroscopic chart of colon length. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

[0051] Figure 8 This is a HE staining image of a mouse colon.

[0052] Figure 9 The graph shows the relative expression levels of inflammatory factors: a) Tnf-α; b) Inos; c) Cox-2; d) Il-1β. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

[0053] Figure 10 Relative expression levels of intestinal barrier-related factors: a) Occludin; b) Zo-1; c) Chd1, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] Example 1: Raw material collection and preparation: Sea dragon, laver, kelp, and Gracilaria were collected from the sea area of ​​Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. Each raw material was initially washed under tap water to remove visible impurities such as mud, sand, and shell fragments. Then, it was thoroughly rinsed 4–7 times with running water in a clean container to remove excess surface salt. Afterward, it was drained and manually sorted to remove any remaining impurities and inedible parts. The pre-washed raw materials were then spread evenly on clean stainless steel trays or food-grade pallets and air-dried in a cool, ventilated place for 4–12 hours until most of the surface moisture was removed. They were then placed in a freeze dryer and pre-frozen at -40 to -50 °C for 4 hours, followed by freeze-drying under a vacuum of 5–20 Pa for 12–36 hours to obtain a dried product with a moisture content ≤8 wt%, for later use.

[0056] After drying, the dried seahorse, laver, kelp, and Gracilaria were separately pulverized in a stainless steel pulverizer for 5-15 minutes each, yielding individual ingredient powders. Each powder was then passed through a 400-mesh sieve. Spirulina powder and Ulva perforata powder were purchased from Shaanxi Snowt Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The fine powders of each ingredient were then weighed according to a predetermined weight ratio: 2 parts seahorse, 2 parts laver, 2 parts kelp, 1 part spirulina, 2 parts Ulva perforata, and 1 part Gracilaria perforata. The mixing ratio was as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the principle of compatibility is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the mixture is placed in a mixer and mixed at 600 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure it is fully homogeneous, thus obtaining the marine-derived nutritional composition powder of the present invention.

[0057] Example 2: 1. Preparation of a mouse AOM / DSS-induced model for the prevention of colon cancer Thirty-six 6-week-old SPF-grade C57BL / 6 mice, all male, were randomly divided into six groups (CON, DLC, DHC, MOD, DLM, and DHM) using a random number table. These groups included a blank control group (CON), three model groups (MOD, DLM, and DHM), and two dietary formula groups (DLM and DHM). After a one-week acclimatization period, the DLC and DLM groups were administered 300 mg / kg DSF via gavage, while the DHC and DHM groups were administered 600 mg / kg DSF via gavage. Gavage was performed once daily from the end of the acclimatization period until the end of the experiment. On days 8 and 13, the three model groups received an intraperitoneal injection of AOM (azomethane) solution (10 mg / kg) at a volume of 0.1 mL / 10 g. The remaining three groups received an equal volume of sterile saline via intraperitoneal injection. Starting on day 15, the three model groups were given free access to 2% DSS (sodium dextran solution) drinking water for one week, followed by free access to regular drinking water for two weeks, for a total of three weeks as one cycle. Three cycles were required for the entire modeling process. Dissection and tissue collection were performed on day 91. The modeling process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0058] 2. Disease activity index score (DAI) during modeling process. During mouse modeling and drug administration, mouse body weight, food weight, and water weight were recorded every other day. Fecal occult blood was detected weekly using a mouse fecal occult blood test kit, and a DAI score was calculated. Specific scoring criteria are shown in Table 1. DAI score = Body Mass Index + Stool condition + Bleeding status. Weight change rate = (Current weight (g) - Previous weight (g)) / Previous weight (g) × 100%.

Claims

1. A composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling body weight, characterized by: The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 1-3 parts seahorse, 1-3 parts laver, 1-3 parts kelp, 0.5-2 parts spirulina, 1-3 parts Ulva perforata, and 0.5-2 parts Gracilaria heterophylla.

2. The composition for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 2 parts seahorse, 2 parts laver, 2 parts kelp, 1 part spirulina, 2 parts Ulva perforata, and 1 part Gracilaria heterophylla.

3. A method for preparing the composition according to claim 1 or 2 for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Collect the raw materials: seahorse, laver, kelp, spirulina, Ulva perforatum and Gracilaria heterophylla; (2) Wash, desalinate, remove impurities, air dry, freeze dry or oven dry to obtain dried product; (3) After mixing the dried products from step (2) by weight, pulverize the mixture as a whole and pass it through a 200-600 mesh sieve, or: Crush the dried products from step (2) separately, pass them through a 200-600 mesh sieve, and then mix them together.

4. A food product, characterized in that: The composition comprising the method of claim 1 or 2 for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer and controlling weight.

5. The food product according to claim 4, characterized in that: The food is a liquid food, a semi-liquid food, a solid food, or a semi-solid food.

6. The food product according to claim 4, characterized in that: The food in question is a nutritional formula food.

7. A dietary supplement, characterized in that: The dietary supplement includes the composition of claim 1 or 2 for the prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and for weight control.

8. The dietary supplement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dietary supplements are selected from powders, tablets, granules, capsules, liquids, emulsions, and suspensions.

9. The dietary supplement according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes one or more of the following additives: nutritional fortifiers, flavorings, stabilizers, thickeners, preservatives, minerals, vitamins, or maltodextrin.

10. The use of the composition according to claim 1 or 2 in a food or dietary supplement for the prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and for weight control, characterized in that, The food or dietary supplement can control the rate of weight gain in normal mice and play a preventive intervention role in an AOM / DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer mouse model.

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