Low pressure environment bifurcated tunnel moving fire test system

Abstract

This invention provides a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system, comprising: a moving slider simulating the movement of a real vehicle within the main tunnel and / or ramps of a bifurcation tunnel to change the fire source location in real time; a pressure sensor detecting the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and controlling the chamber pressure by a gas control chamber when there is a difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure; a purification system controlling the gas concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide within the combustion chamber; a data acquisition system collecting flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters; a processor controlling the moving slider to move within the bifurcation tunnel at the start of the test and acquiring the parameters collected by the data acquisition system; and generating an evaluation report of the test process based on the collected parameters at the end of the test. Applying this system allows for testing in a simulated low-pressure environment, and the evaluation report obtained from the test provides data support for fire prevention in low-pressure bifurcation tunnel environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel fire safety testing technology, and in particular to a test system for a mobile fire source in a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued operation of transportation infrastructure in high-altitude regions worldwide, the fire risk in high-altitude bifurcation tunnels is becoming increasingly prominent. The core issue lies in the coupling effect of the low-pressure, oxygen-deficient environment and the dynamic evolution of mobile ignition sources. At high altitudes, air pressure can drop to as low as 50 kPa (approximately 5000 meters above sea level), and the oxygen partial pressure is only 50% of that in plains areas, resulting in fundamental differences in fire combustion rates and flame morphology. Furthermore, in real bifurcation tunnel fires, vehicles do not burn statically after ignition; they continue to move due to inertia (at speeds reaching 0.5-5 m / s) or may slip due to delayed driver reaction. This dynamic characteristic of mobile ignition sources further alters the smoke spread path and heat radiation distribution, making the fire evolution more complex and significantly increasing the difficulty of rescue and response. Therefore, a testing system for detecting mobile ignition sources in bifurcation tunnels under low-pressure conditions is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system. Through this system, mobile fire sources can be tested in a simulated real low-pressure environment scenario. The evaluation report obtained from the test reflects the hazard of fire in the real environment and provides data support for fire prevention.

[0004] A low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system includes: The combustion chamber is equipped with a bifurcated tunnel and a slider track system. The bifurcated tunnel includes a main tunnel and ramps, and the slider track system includes a moving slider and a fire source module. The movable slider is used to simulate the movement of a real vehicle within the main tunnel and / or ramps to change the location of the fire source in real time; wherein, when the movable slider is moving, the fire source module is in an ignition state; The pressure control module includes a gas control chamber and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to detect the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and when there is a difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure, it sends a pressure control signal to the gas control chamber; the gas control chamber is used to adjust the chamber pressure based on the pressure control signal. A purification system is used to control the gas concentration of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber; The data acquisition system is used to collect flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters within the combustion chamber. The processor is connected to the movable slider, the pressure control module, and the data acquisition system; The processor is used to set the target pressure of the combustion chamber under low-pressure environment; at the start of the test, it controls the moving slider to move in the bifurcation tunnel, and during the movement of the moving slider, it acquires the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters collected by the data acquisition system; at the end of the test, it generates an evaluation report of the test process based on the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters.

[0005] The aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system may optionally include a bifurcation tunnel comprising: Tunnel support frame, used to support the main tunnel and adjust the tilt angle of the main tunnel; A pivot shaft is used to connect the main tunnel and the ramp, and to adjust the tilt angle of the ramp; At least one guide vane is disposed on one side of the main tunnel and / or the ramp, and the guide vane is used to adjust the flow direction of flue gas in the main tunnel and / or the ramp of the bifurcation tunnel.

[0006] The aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system may optionally include an ignition source module comprising: A container for holding fuel used for ignition; An electronic balance is used to calculate the remaining fuel level of the ignition source fuel in the ignition source container in real time. A heat insulation plate is provided between the fire source container and the electronic balance; The processor is used to generate a test report based on the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters when the fuel balance is calculated to reach the preset theoretical value.

[0007] Optionally, in the aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system, a controlled chip is installed inside the mobile slider; Specifically, the processor controls the movement of the movable slider within the bifurcation tunnel by controlling the movement of the movable slider within the bifurcation tunnel through the controlled chip.

[0008] Optionally, in the aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system, the gas control chamber includes: The vacuum pump unit is connected to one end of the extraction pipe, and the other end of the extraction pipe is connected to the combustion chamber via an adjustment control console. One end of the intake pipe is exposed to the air, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber via the adjustment control console; A valve is provided at the connection between the regulating console and the air inlet pipe; the regulating console controls the opening and closing degree of the valve and the operating status of the vacuum pump unit based on the pressure control signal.

[0009] Optionally, in the aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system, the purification system includes: a primary filtration zone and a secondary filtration zone; The primary filtration zone is used to filter the mixed gas in the combustion chamber to remove water vapor from the mixed gas. The secondary filtration zone is used to perform secondary filtration on the mixed gas after primary filtration to remove carbon dioxide, and then input the secondary filtered mixed gas into the combustion chamber. or, The primary filtration zone is used to convert carbon monoxide in the mixed gas in the combustion chamber into carbon dioxide; The secondary filtration zone is used to filter carbon dioxide from the mixed gas that has passed through the primary filtration zone, and to reintroduce the mixed gas that has passed through the secondary filtration zone into the combustion chamber.

[0010] Optionally, in the aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system, the data acquisition system includes: Multiple cameras are installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, respectively, to collect flame parameters, first smoke parameters and environmental parameters of the main tunnel and the ramp in real time; Multiple infrared thermal imagers are respectively installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, for real-time acquisition of the second flue gas parameters and surface temperature of the main tunnel and the ramp; Multiple thermocouple trees are respectively set on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, for real-time acquisition of the surface temperature of the main tunnel and the ramp.

[0011] The aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system may optionally include: A safety relief valve is located at the top of the combustion chamber; The safety relief valve is used to relieve pressure in the combustion chamber when there is an abnormal sudden change in the chamber pressure, so that the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber is consistent with the current atmospheric pressure.

[0012] Optionally, the evaluation report of the aforementioned low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source test system may include time-series-related curves of flame parameter changes, smoke parameter changes, environmental parameter changes, and temperature parameter changes during the test process.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system, comprising: a combustion chamber equipped with a bifurcation tunnel and a slider track system, wherein the bifurcation tunnel includes a main tunnel and ramps, and the slider track system includes a movable slider and an ignition source module; the movable slider is used to simulate the movement of a real vehicle within the main tunnel and / or ramps to change the ignition source position in real time; wherein, when the movable slider is moving, the ignition source module is in an ignition state; a pressure control module includes a gas control chamber and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to detect the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and when there is a difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure, it sends a pressure control signal to the gas control chamber; the gas control chamber is used to adjust the chamber pressure based on the pressure control signal. The system comprises: a purification system for controlling the gas concentration of the mixed gas within the combustion chamber; a data acquisition system for collecting flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters within the combustion chamber; a processor connected to the moving slider, the pressure control module, and the data acquisition system; and a processor for setting the target pressure of the combustion chamber under low-pressure conditions. At the start of the test, the system controls the moving slider to move within the bifurcation tunnel, acquiring the flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters collected by the data acquisition system during the slider's movement. At the end of the test, an evaluation report of the test process is generated based on the flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters. Using the system provided by this invention, tests of mobile fire sources can be conducted under simulated low-pressure conditions. The evaluation report obtained from the test reflects the hazard of fires under real-world conditions, providing data support for fire prevention in low-pressure bifurcation tunnel environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 A system structure diagram of a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bifurcation tunnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slider track system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas control chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the purification system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0018] This invention can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computing environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor devices, distributed computing environments including any of the above devices, etc.

[0019] This invention provides a low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system, the system structure diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes: combustion chamber, moving slider, pressure control module, purification system, and data acquisition system. Figure 1 (not shown in the image) processor; The combustion chamber is equipped with a bifurcated tunnel and a slider track system. The bifurcated tunnel includes a main tunnel and ramps, and the slider track system includes a moving slider and a fire source module. The movable slider is used to simulate the movement of a real vehicle within the main tunnel and / or ramps to change the location of the fire source in real time; wherein, when the movable slider is moving, the fire source module is in an ignition state; The pressure control module includes a gas control chamber and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to detect the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and when there is a difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure, it sends a pressure control signal to the gas control chamber; the gas control chamber is used to adjust the chamber pressure based on the pressure control signal. A purification system is used to control the gas concentration of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber; The data acquisition system is used to collect flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters within the combustion chamber. The processor is connected to the movable slider, the pressure control module, and the data acquisition system; The processor is used to set the target pressure of the combustion chamber under low-pressure environment; at the start of the test, it controls the moving slider to move in the bifurcation tunnel, and during the movement of the moving slider, it acquires the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters collected by the data acquisition system; at the end of the test, it generates an evaluation report of the test process based on the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters.

[0020] In this invention, the combustion chamber is a sealable chamber with dimensions of 10m*5m*3m. Its exterior is a shell made of aluminum alloy. The combustion chamber is integrated with a pressure control module to provide stable environmental conditions for simulating a fire scene inside a tunnel. The combustion chamber contains branching tunnels (such as…). Figure 2 (as shown) and slider track system (such as Figure 3 (as shown) Figure 2 The bifurcated tunnel contains a sliding track system to simulate a burning vehicle moving within a real tunnel. The bifurcated tunnel includes a main tunnel and ramps. Both the main tunnel and ramps have moving tracks that engage with the sliding sliders in the sliding track system. A tunnel support structure is located beneath the main tunnel to support it and adjust its tilt angle to simulate vehicles traveling on different inclines. Similarly, a pivot shaft connects the main tunnel and ramps, allowing adjustment of the connection angle between them. The shaft also adjusts the ramp's tilt angle, which is related to the main tunnel's tilt angle.

[0021] Optionally, guide vanes (such as...) are also installed inside the bifurcated tunnel. Figure 2As shown, this guide vane is used to simulate the airflow direction within a tunnel in a real-world environment. At least one guide vane is installed in each branching tunnel. Specifically, guide vanes can be installed on one side of the main tunnel and / or ramp to adjust the flow direction of smoke within the main tunnel and / or ramp during simulated real fire scenarios, preventing smoke from spreading excessively to the same location. Additionally, a guide vane can be installed at the connection between the main tunnel and the ramp to simulate the airflow direction between the main tunnel and the ramp.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting tunnel supports, rotating shafts and guide vanes, the dynamic evolution characteristics of fire sources under real fire scenarios can be simulated, adapting to different locations and types of fire source conditions, as well as bifurcation tunnel structures with different slopes and angles, providing a reliable simulation scheme for the study of smoke flow patterns in low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel fires.

[0023] Furthermore, slider track systems (such as...) Figure 3 The system (as shown) includes a movable slider and a fire source module, which comprises a fire source container, an electronic balance, and a heat insulation plate. The fire source container holds the ignition fuel; since there are various causes of fires in low-pressure tunnels in real-world scenarios, different types of ignition fuel can be placed in the fire source container. Therefore, the fire source container in the fire source module can be detachable, allowing for replacement with different containers depending on the type of ignition fuel. The electronic balance calculates the remaining fuel in the fire source container. The processor can record changes in the remaining fuel in real time and correlate these changes with flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters within the tunnel. This determines the relationship between the flame, smoke, and temperature data and the remaining fuel. When the remaining fuel, calculated by the electronic balance, reaches a preset theoretical value, the processor generates a test report based on the flame parameters, smoke parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters. Therefore, the electronic balance in the fire source module can also be a detachable electronic balance, and a heat insulation plate is installed between the fire source container and the electronic balance to insulate the heat of the fire source container and prevent the fuel in the fire source container from damaging the electronic balance during combustion.

[0024] Optionally, to simulate a real-world fire scenario, an acceleration can be applied to the moving slider at the start of the experiment to simulate the deceleration of a vehicle during a fire. A pushing device (not shown in the figure) can be installed inside the branching tunnel. Before the experiment begins, the pushing device is used to fix the moving slider. The moving slider is in contact with the pushing device and is fixed at any position within the main tunnel or ramp of the branching tunnel via magnetic attraction or a pre-set connection structure. At the start of the experiment, the processor sends a pushing command to the pushing device. The pushing device disconnects from the moving slider according to the command, and the moving slider switches from a fixed state to a non-fixed state. Simultaneously, the pushing device applies a force in the same direction as the movement to the moving slider, causing it to move at a preset initial velocity.

[0025] Optionally, a controlled chip can be installed inside the movable slider. The processor controls the movable slider to move within the bifurcation tunnel via the controlled chip. During the control of the movable slider, the processor sends movement commands carrying speed and direction information to the controlled chip. Based on these movement commands, the controlled chip controls the driving components within the movable slider to move it.

[0026] In this invention, the pressure control module includes a gas control chamber and a pressure sensor. The gas control chamber is primarily used to control the pressure within the combustion chamber, providing a low-pressure environment. The pressure sensor is used to detect the chamber pressure in real time. When a difference exists between the chamber pressure and the target pressure, the sensor sends a pressure control signal to the gas control chamber. The gas control chamber adjusts the chamber pressure based on the pressure control signal, ensuring that the difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure remains within a preset fluctuation range.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the gas control chamber includes a vacuum pump unit, an extraction pipe, an intake pipe, and a control console. The vacuum pump unit is connected to the extraction pipe and is used to extract air from the combustion chamber to reduce the chamber pressure. One end of the intake pipe is exposed to air, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber via the control console. A valve is installed at the end of the intake pipe connected to the control console, allowing the control console to adjust the pressure inside the combustion chamber to match the atmospheric pressure under the current experimental conditions. In addition, the control console can control the start and stop of the vacuum pump unit, and by controlling the start and stop of the vacuum pump unit and the opening and closing of the intake pipe valve, the pressure inside the combustion chamber can be controlled.

[0028] In this invention, the control console is communicatively connected to the processor. At the start of the experiment, the processor sends a pressure control signal for the combustion chamber to the control console, which includes the magnitude of the target pressure to be maintained within the combustion chamber. During the experiment, the control console adjusts the pressure within the combustion chamber in real time based on signals sent by the pressure sensor. At the end of the experiment, the processor sends a termination signal to the control console, which then opens the intake manifold valve, bringing the combustion chamber to atmospheric pressure.

[0029] Optionally, the gas control chamber may also include an oxygen pump and an oxygen meter. The oxygen pump is connected to one end of the oxygen delivery pipe, and the other end of the oxygen delivery pipe is connected to the combustion chamber through a control console. The oxygen meter is used to measure the oxygen content in the combustion chamber in real time. When the oxygen content in the combustion chamber is lower than the target oxygen content, it sends an oxygen delivery signal to the control console. The control console controls the valve on the oxygen delivery pipe to open according to the oxygen delivery signal, so that the oxygen pump inputs oxygen into the combustion chamber through the oxygen delivery pipe.

[0030] In practical applications, the higher the altitude, the lower the atmospheric pressure. Under low-pressure conditions, the oxygen content in the air is lower than that under normal atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the target oxygen content setting in this invention is related to the target pressure.

[0031] In the low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention, a sealed combustion chamber is set up. During combustion, the fire source consumes the oxygen content in the combustion chamber and releases other gases such as carbon monoxide, resulting in significant fluctuations in the chamber pressure. A vacuum pump unit and an air intake pipe control the gas content within the combustion chamber to maintain a constant level. Furthermore, to ensure that the oxygen content in the combustion chamber is correlated with the current chamber pressure, and to prevent the fire source from extinguishing due to excessively low oxygen levels during the simulated fire process, oxygen is supplied to the combustion chamber via an oxygen pump, ensuring that the simulated fire scene more closely resembles the real environment of a fire.

[0032] In the low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to... Figure 5 The purification system includes a primary filtration zone and a secondary filtration zone.

[0033] In one alternative embodiment, the primary filtration zone contains a condensing dehydrating agent for primary filtration of the gas mixture in the combustion chamber to remove water vapor. The secondary filtration zone contains activated carbon for secondary filtration of the primary-filtered gas mixture to remove carbon dioxide, and the secondary-filtered gas mixture is then introduced into the combustion chamber.

[0034] In another alternative approach, the primary filtration zone contains a catalyst for converting carbon monoxide in the gas mixture within the combustion chamber into carbon dioxide; the secondary filtration zone contains activated carbon for filtering the carbon dioxide from the gas mixture passing through the primary filtration zone and for re-introducing the gas mixture from the secondary filtration zone into the combustion chamber.

[0035] Understandably, in simulating a real low-pressure bifurcation tunnel fire, when a fire occurs inside the tunnel, the dense smoke generated inside the tunnel will be released into the air outside the tunnel. In a real environment, the dense smoke released into the air will be purified by the surrounding environment (such as shrubs and forests). This invention simulates the filtration of the mixed gas generated in the tunnel in a real environment by constructing a simple purification system. Through the action of the primary filtration zone and the secondary filtration zone, the gas concentration of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the combustion chamber is controlled, thereby achieving a stable state in combustion chamber 1. The purified gas is then circulated back into the combustion chamber by the purification system, thereby achieving a balance of gas concentration.

[0036] Optionally, in addition to the primary and secondary filtration zones, the purification system can also be equipped with a tertiary filtration zone to filter out other harmful gases in the mixed gas. The filter material in the tertiary filtration zone can be set according to the specific gas composition, which will not be elaborated here.

[0037] In the low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition system includes multiple cameras, multiple infrared thermal imagers, and multiple thermocouple trees.

[0038] Each camera is installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp to collect real-time flame parameters, first flue gas parameters, and environmental parameters of the main tunnel and the ramp; each infrared thermal imager is installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp to collect real-time second flue gas parameters of the main tunnel and the ramp; each thermocouple tree is installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp to collect real-time surface temperature of the main tunnel and the ramp.

[0039] Optionally, infrared thermal imagers can also be used to acquire the surface temperature of the main tunnel and ramps and / or the ambient temperature within the main tunnel and ramps.

[0040] It should be noted that the flame parameters collected by the data acquisition system include flame tilt angle, flame length, and flame area; the smoke parameters include first smoke parameters and second smoke parameters. The first smoke parameters include smoke migration behavior, smoke front position, smoke spread velocity, smoke spread distance, smoke layer height, smoke settling behavior, and smoke concentration. The second smoke parameters include smoke emission time and macroscopic tunnel smoke emission; the temperature parameters mainly consist of the surface temperature of the main tunnel and ramps. When the infrared thermal imager collects the ambient temperature, the temperature parameters also include the ambient temperature; the environmental parameters include changes in the inner walls of the main tunnel and ramps traversed by the moving slider.

[0041] The data acquisition system mainly includes high-definition cameras, infrared thermal imagers, and thermocouple trees. One high-definition camera is positioned parallel to the main tunnel to record the overall fire and smoke spread behavior in real time, including flame angle, flame length, flame area, smoke migration behavior, smoke front position, smoke spread speed, smoke spread distance, smoke layer height, smoke settling behavior, and smoke concentration. Another high-definition camera is positioned parallel to the ramp tunnel to record the overall fire and smoke spread behavior in real time, including flame angle, flame length, flame area, smoke migration behavior, smoke front position, smoke spread speed, smoke spread distance, smoke layer height, smoke settling behavior, and smoke concentration. The data acquisition system also utilizes infrared thermal imagers and thermocouple trees to record tunnel surface temperature, smoke emission time, and macroscopic tunnel smoke emission in real time.

[0042] This invention provides a system for simulating smoke diversion testing of fire sources at different locations in bifurcated tunnels with varying slopes and angles under low-pressure conditions. In this invention, the air intake pipe directly connects to the atmosphere, fully simulating atmospheric composition. The main tunnel slope and ramp angle are adjusted using a rotating shaft. The positions of different fire sources within the tunnel are controlled by a moving slider. During the experiment, the system effectively captures and records flame tilt angle, flame length, flame area, and smoke migration behavior. This device allows for quantitative testing and analysis of smoke diversion from fire sources under various experimental conditions, including different types and locations of fire sources, different pressure levels, different main tunnel slopes, and different ramp angles. The experiment records characteristic parameters such as flame tilt angle, flame length, flame area, smoke migration behavior, smoke front position, smoke spread velocity, smoke spread distance, smoke layer height, smoke settling behavior, and smoke concentration. This allows for quantitative evaluation of smoke flow from different types of fire sources at different locations in bifurcated tunnels with varying slopes and angles under low-pressure conditions, and guides the smoke to an optimal safe state.

[0043] In this invention, the data acquired by the data acquisition system is sent to the processor, which generates an evaluation report under low-pressure conditions based on flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters. This evaluation report includes time-series curves showing the changes in flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters during the testing process.

[0044] Optionally, the low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it also includes: a safety relief valve located at the top of the combustion chamber; the safety relief valve is used to relieve pressure in the combustion chamber when the chamber pressure changes abnormally, so that the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber is consistent with the current atmospheric pressure.

[0045] Understandably, a sudden and abnormal pressure change in the combustion chamber could cause deformation, leading to damage and affecting experimental results. Therefore, a pressure relief valve is installed, with its opening and closing controlled by a processor. When the pressure sensor detects a sudden and abnormal pressure change, it sends a pressure control signal to the control console and an abnormal signal to the processor. The processor then controls the safety pressure relief valve to open based on this abnormal signal, thereby relieving pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0046] Alternatively, in addition to using the safety relief valve, pressure can also be relieved via the intake manifold. When the control console receives a pressure control signal, it opens the intake manifold valve to the maximum extent, thereby relieving pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0047] In this invention, a gas control chamber is used to effectively control the atmospheric pressure within the combustion chamber; a purification system is used to adjust the atmospheric composition within the combustion chamber, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the internal and external atmospheric compositions; a pressure sensor is used to detect and alarm in case of a sudden pressure change within the combustion chamber, and a safety relief valve is used to depressurize the combustion chamber, preventing irreversible deformation. A slider track system is used to keep the moving slider on the track, ensuring that the fire source position varies. A data acquisition system is used, mainly including a high-definition camera, an infrared thermal imager, and a thermocouple tree. The high-definition camera is arranged parallel to the main tunnel, recording in real time the flame tilt angle, flame length, flame area, as well as the smoke migration behavior, smoke front position, smoke spread speed, smoke spread distance, smoke layer height, smoke settling behavior, and smoke concentration; the infrared thermal imager and thermocouple tree record in real time the tunnel surface temperature and smoke emission time. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile fire source testing system provided by this invention can simulate fire testing in a bifurcation tunnel under low-pressure conditions, and conduct effective fire prevention and fire hazard assessment based on the data obtained during the testing process.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both.

[0050] To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of functionality above. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A low pressure environment bifurcated tunnel mobile fire source test system, characterized in that, include: The combustion chamber is equipped with a bifurcated tunnel and a slider track system. The bifurcated tunnel includes a main tunnel and ramps, and the slider track system includes a moving slider and a fire source module. The movable slider is used to simulate the movement of a real vehicle within the main tunnel and / or ramps to change the location of the fire source in real time; wherein, when the movable slider is moving, the fire source module is in an ignition state; The pressure control module includes a gas control chamber and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to detect the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and when there is a difference between the chamber pressure and the target pressure, it sends a pressure control signal to the gas control chamber; the gas control chamber is used to adjust the chamber pressure based on the pressure control signal. A purification system is used to control the gas concentration of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber; The data acquisition system is used to collect flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters within the combustion chamber. The processor is connected to the movable slider, the pressure control module, and the data acquisition system; The processor is used to set the target pressure of the combustion chamber under low-pressure environment; at the start of the test, it controls the moving slider to move in the bifurcation tunnel, and during the movement of the moving slider, it acquires the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters collected by the data acquisition system; at the end of the test, it generates an evaluation report of the test process based on the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters and temperature parameters.

2. The low pressure environment bifurcated tunnel mobile fire source test system of claim 1, wherein, The bifurcation tunnel includes: Tunnel support frame, used to support the main tunnel and adjust the tilt angle of the main tunnel; A pivot shaft is used to connect the main tunnel and the ramp, and to adjust the tilt angle of the ramp; At least one guide vane is disposed on one side of the main tunnel and / or the ramp, and the guide vane is used to adjust the flow direction of flue gas in the main tunnel and / or the ramp of the bifurcation tunnel.

3. The low pressure environment bifurcated tunnel mobile fire source test system of claim 1, wherein, The fire source module includes: A container for holding fuel used for ignition; An electronic balance is used to calculate the remaining fuel level of the ignition source fuel in the ignition source container in real time. A heat insulation plate is provided between the fire source container and the electronic balance; The processor is used to generate a test report based on the flame parameters, flue gas parameters, environmental parameters, and temperature parameters when the fuel balance is calculated to reach the preset theoretical value.

4. The low pressure environment bifurcated tunnel mobile fire source test system of claim 1, wherein, A controlled chip is installed inside the movable slider; Specifically, the processor controls the movement of the movable slider within the bifurcation tunnel by controlling the movement of the movable slider within the bifurcation tunnel through the controlled chip.

5. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas control chamber includes: The vacuum pump unit is connected to one end of the extraction pipe, and the other end of the extraction pipe is connected to the combustion chamber via an adjustment control console. One end of the intake pipe is exposed to the air, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber via the adjustment control console; A valve is provided at the connection between the regulating console and the air inlet pipe; the regulating console controls the opening and closing degree of the valve and the operating status of the vacuum pump unit based on the pressure control signal.

6. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification system includes: a primary filtration zone and a secondary filtration zone; The primary filtration zone is used to filter the mixed gas in the combustion chamber to remove water vapor from the mixed gas. The secondary filtration zone is used to perform secondary filtration on the mixed gas after primary filtration to remove carbon dioxide, and then input the secondary filtered mixed gas into the combustion chamber. or, The primary filtration zone is used to convert carbon monoxide in the mixed gas in the combustion chamber into carbon dioxide; The secondary filtration zone is used to filter carbon dioxide from the mixed gas that has passed through the primary filtration zone, and to reintroduce the mixed gas that has passed through the secondary filtration zone into the combustion chamber.

7. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition system includes: Multiple cameras are installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, respectively, to collect flame parameters, first smoke parameters and environmental parameters of the main tunnel and the ramp in real time; Multiple infrared thermal imagers are respectively installed on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, for real-time acquisition of the second flue gas parameters of the main tunnel and the ramp; Multiple thermocouple trees are respectively set on one side of the main tunnel and the ramp, for real-time acquisition of the surface temperature of the main tunnel and the ramp.

8. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A safety relief valve is located at the top of the combustion chamber; The safety relief valve is used to relieve pressure in the combustion chamber when there is an abnormal sudden change in the chamber pressure, so that the chamber pressure of the combustion chamber is consistent with the current atmospheric pressure.

9. The low-pressure environment bifurcation tunnel mobile ignition source testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation report includes time-series curves of flame parameter changes, flue gas parameter changes, environmental parameter changes, and temperature parameter changes during the test.

Images