A rolling linear guide rail raceway surface waviness detection device

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for detecting the waviness of the raceway surface of a rolling linear guide, comprising: a bed for providing a mounting plane; a linear guide pair arranged parallel to the rolling linear guide under test, used to guide the sliding of a sensor lifting device in the opposite direction; a linear module for driving the sliding of the sensor lifting device on the bed, realizing the reciprocating motion of the scattered light sensor from the rolling linear guide under test to the detection end; a scattered light sensor for detecting the waviness of the upper and lower raceways on both sides of the rolling linear guide under test; and a sensor lifting device for moving and sliding the scattered light sensor along a direction perpendicular to the linear guide pair, adjusting the height of the scattered light sensor, and rotating the scattered light sensor so that the detection light of the scattered light sensor is aligned with the surface of the raceway under test of the rolling linear guide. This invention can quickly and accurately detect the waviness of the four raceway surfaces of the guide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surface morphology detection technology, and in particular to a device for detecting the surface waviness of a rolling linear guide raceway. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, rolling linear guide pairs, as key high-precision transmission components of CNC machine tools, play a crucial role in improving work efficiency through the research of their various testing devices and methods. A linear guide pair is a mechanical device composed of linear guides, rolling elements (such as balls or rollers), and sliders, used to support and guide moving parts. Based on different transmission structures, it is divided into three types: rolling linear guides, cylindrical linear guides, and ball linear guides. Its basic principle is based on rolling bearings, forming a rolling support mechanism with unique performance. Due to its simple structure, low friction, and high precision, rolling linear guide pairs are widely used in precision machine tools, automation devices, aerospace, and other fields.

[0003] Current research on linear guide inspection mainly uses devices such as micrometers, vernier calipers, and coordinate measuring machines to detect groove depth, width, and spacing, while features such as groove straightness and parallelism are mainly detected using equipment such as projectors and laser scanners.

[0004] Waviness is a periodic unevenness on the surface of a workpiece caused by vibrations in the machining process. Methods for waviness detection are mainly divided into contact and non-contact methods. Traditional waviness detection primarily relies on contact methods, but these are slow and only support linear and two-dimensional trajectory detection, making them inefficient for continuous measurement on complex surfaces. Furthermore, this method involves direct contact with the workpiece, potentially causing scratches. Non-contact measurement mainly includes interferometry and laser detection, offering advantages such as high accuracy and no contact with the workpiece.

[0005] Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the rolling linear guide shows two raceways on each side: two upper and lower arc-shaped grooves on the left side of the guide (marked by the red box on the left side of the image) and two upper and lower arc-shaped grooves on the right side of the guide (marked by the box on the right side of the image). These four raceways are all arc-shaped structures used to support the steel balls, forming a rolling contact pair, which is the key contact surface for achieving low-friction, high-precision linear motion.

[0006] The waviness of the raceway surface of a rolling linear guide pair is one of the important factors affecting vibration, noise and transmission efficiency. At present, research on waviness detection devices for the raceway surface of rolling linear guide pairs in China is completely blank. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rolling linear guide surface waviness detection device, which is used to quickly and accurately detect the waviness of the four raceway surfaces (upper, lower, left, and right) of the guide in the production line, and can detect different models of guides.

[0008] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0009] A device for detecting the surface waviness of a rolling linear guide raceway includes:

[0010] The bed provides a mounting surface for the linear guide pair and the rolling linear guide to be tested;

[0011] The linear guide pair, arranged parallel to the rolling linear guide under test, is used to guide the reverse sliding of the sensor lifting device.

[0012] The linear module is used to drive the sliding of the sensor lifting device on the bed, realize the reciprocating motion of the scattered light sensor from the rolling linear guide rail to the detection end, and complete the scanning action of the scattered light sensor after switching the detection of the upper and lower roller tracks.

[0013] A scattered light sensor is used to detect the waviness of the upper and lower raceways on both sides of the rolling linear guide under test.

[0014] The sensor lifting device is used to move the scattered light sensor in a direction perpendicular to the linear guide pair to adjust the detection distance between the scattered light sensor and the rolling linear guide to be tested. It can also move the scattered light sensor up and down to adjust the height of the scattered light sensor so that the detection head of the scattered light sensor is consistent with the detection height of the raceway of the rolling linear guide to be tested. It can also rotate the scattered light sensor so that the detection light of the scattered light sensor is aligned with the surface of the raceway of the rolling linear guide to be tested.

[0015] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0016] (1) The rolling linear guide rail raceway surface waviness detection device can simultaneously detect the waviness of the raceways on both sides of the linear guide rail. The detection of the upper and lower raceways can be achieved by adjusting the height of the detection sensor.

[0017] (2) The rolling linear guide surface waviness detection device can meet the detection of different types of guide rails. At the same time, the sensor is equipped with a forward and backward movement and rotation adjustment device, which can appropriately adjust the sensor position to realize the detection of different types of guide rails.

[0018] (3) Compared with traditional testing devices, the present invention can quickly detect the waviness of the raceway of the linear guide rail, which greatly improves the efficiency of waviness detection of the raceway surface of the rolling linear guide rail; at the same time, it can meet the detection of waviness of the raceway of different types of guide rails, and has stronger applicability to traditional testing devices. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a rolling linear guide.

[0020] Figures 2 to 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rolling linear guide pair raceway surface waviness detection device in the embodiment; wherein Figure 2 This is the front view of the detection device. Figure 3 This is a side view of the detection device. Figure 4 This is a top view of the detection device. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limit blocks at both ends of the linear guide rail.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sensor's detection principle for the lower raceway.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sensor's detection principle for the lower raceway.

[0023] Figure 8 The diagram shows the overall structure of the sensor lifting device in the embodiment; where (a) is the front view of the sensor lifting device, (b) is the left view of the sensor lifting device, (c) is the worm gear meshing diagram of the sensor lifting device, and (d) is the right view of the sensor lifting device.

[0024] Figure 9 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sensor rotation device in the embodiment; where (a) is the front view of the sensor rotation device, (b) is the side view of the sensor rotation device, (c) is the top view of the sensor rotation device, (d) is a schematic diagram of the self-locking structure of the sensor rotation device, and (e) is the connection method between the knob and the sensor fixing ring.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the selector knob. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Combination Figures 2 to 5 The rolling linear guide rail surface waviness detection device of this embodiment includes a linear module 1, a sensor lifting device 3, a guide rail fixing plate 4, a guide rail fixing frame 5, a linear guide rail pair 6, a marble bed 7, a diffused light sensor 8, a linear guide rail limiting block 9, and a sensor rotating device 10.

[0028] The marble bed 7 provides an installation surface. The guide rail fixing bracket 5 is installed on the marble bed 7 and is limited by a stepped surface at one end of the marble bed 7. The guide rail fixing bracket 5 is located in the center of the marble bed 7. The guide rail fixing plate 4 is connected to the guide rail fixing bracket 5 above the guide rail fixing bracket 5 by screws. Different models of the rolling linear guide rail 2 to be tested are equipped with different guide rail fixing plates 4 to fix the rolling linear guide rail 2 to be tested to the guide rail fixing bracket 5. The linear module 1 is located on one side of the guide rail fixing bracket 5, and the linear guide pair 6 is located on the other side of the guide rail fixing bracket 5, arranged parallel to the rolling linear guide rail 2 to be tested. A guide rail limiting block 9 is set at each end of the guide rail of the linear guide pair 6 to limit the slider displacement of the linear guide pair 6. The linear module 1 is used to drive the sensor lifting device 3 to slide along the linear guide pair 6.

[0029] The sensor lifting device 3 is located above the linear module 1 and the linear guide rail pair 6, and is connected to the sliders of the linear module 1 and the linear guide rail pair 6 respectively via a base plate. The linear module 1 drives the entire sensor lifting device 3 to move along the length of the marble bed 7 via its own motor, while simultaneously moving the slider of the linear guide rail pair 6 to complete the sweeping of the entire raceway surface. The scattered light sensor 8 is connected to the sensor rotation device 10, which is connected to the sensor lifting device 3. The scattered light sensor 8 converts the measured data into distance data perpendicular to the raceway surface of the guide rail 2 to be measured. The height of the scattered light sensor 8 is controlled by controlling the lifting device. The sensor rotation device 10 is connected to the tail of the scattered light sensor 8. By rotating the rotation device 10, the scattered light sensor 8 can be rotated 180° to meet the detection of the upper and lower raceways. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The upper and lower raceways of the guide rail 2 under test are both inclined outward at 45°. When using the scattered light sensor 8 to detect the center waviness of the raceway of the guide rail 2 under test, the adapter matching the scattered light sensor 8 needs to be used to make the detection light beam point directly at the center of the raceway of the guide rail 2 under test. Moreover, the adapter can only make the sensor light beam deflect in a fixed direction. Now, the positive direction of the scattered light sensor 8 is set when the light beam of the scattered light sensor 8 points directly at the lower raceway of the guide rail 2 under test. For the detection of the upper raceway of the guide rail 2 under test, the rotating device 10 needs to be used to make the light beam of the scattered light sensor 8 point directly at the upper raceway of the guide rail 2 under test for detection.

[0030] Furthermore, combined Figure 8The sensor lifting device 3 includes a right-folding micro linear module 3-1, a left-folding micro linear module 3-2, a bearing 3-3, a sensor mounting bracket 3-4, a transmission gear 3-5, a servo motor 3-6, a motor mounting bracket 3-7, a coupling 3-8, a transmission worm gear (all left-handed) 3-9, a screw 3-10, a worm wheel 3-11, a lifting nut 3-12, a top plate 3-13, a first bottom plate 3-14, a second bottom plate 3-15, a support rod 3-16, a bearing seat 3-17, and a guide shaft 3-18.

[0031] The sensor lifting device 3 is mounted on the linear guide rail pair 6 and the linear module 1 via a first base plate 3-14 and a second base plate 3-15, respectively. The first base plate 3-14 and the second base plate 3-15 are located on both sides of the rolling linear guide rail 2 to be tested. The top plate 3-13 is located above the first base plate 3-14 and the second base plate 3-15. Multiple support rods 3-16 are provided between the first base plate 3-14, the second base plate 3-15, and the top plate 3-13. The support rods 3-16 are connected through positioning holes on the top plate 3-13 and the first base plate 3-14 and the second base plate 3-15 to form the support frame of the entire lifting device 3, providing support and fixation for the entire lifting device 3. The right-folding micro linear module 3-1 and the left-folding micro linear module 3-2 are symmetrically arranged and connected to the sensors 8 on both sides. The sensor rotation device 10 is connected to the end, and the sensor rotation device 10 is driven by the motor to move, thereby moving the sensor back and forth (away from or closer to the rolling linear guide 2 to be measured); the bearing seat 3-17 is fixed to the top plate 3-13 by screws; the two transmission worms 3-9 are respectively connected to the bearing seat 3-17 through the bearing 3-3 and rotatedly connected to the top plate through the positioning plate hole in the middle of the top plate 3-13. The axes of the two transmission worms 3-9 are perpendicular to the sliding direction of the linear guide pair. One of the transmission worms 3-9 is connected to the servo motor 3-6 through the coupling 3-8. The servo motor 3-6 is fixed to the lower end of the top plate 3-13 through the motor fixing bracket 3-7.The two transmission worms 3-9 are a driving worm and a driven worm, respectively. The driving worm is connected to the servo motor 3-6, and the rotation of the servo motor 3-6 drives the main transmission worm to rotate. Each of the two transmission worms 3-9 is equipped with a transmission gear 3-5, which is a driving gear and a driven gear, respectively, and the two transmission gears mesh with each other. The driving gear is connected to the driving worm, and the driving worm drives the transmission gear to rotate by rotating the driving gear, which in turn drives the other driven worm with the same direction of rotation. The rod rotates, and the transmission gear 3-5 causes the two worms to rotate in opposite directions; the two transmission worms 3-9 mesh with a worm wheel 3-11 respectively. Since the two transmission worms 3-9 rotate in the same direction but in opposite directions, but their meshing positions with the worm wheel 3-11 are different, the two worm wheels 3-11 rotate in the same direction; there are a total of 6 bearings 3-3, which are used to support the transmission worms 3-9 and the two screws 3-10 respectively. The screws 3-10 are connected to the top plate 3-13 and the first bottom plate 3-10 respectively through the bearings 3-3. 4. The second base plate 3-15 is connected. The screw 3-10 is connected to the worm gear 3-11 via a key. The aforementioned transmission worm 3-9 drives the worm gear 3-11 to rotate, and the worm gear 3-1 drives the screw 3-10 to rotate. The axis of the screw 3-10 is vertical. The lifting nut 3-12 cooperates with the screw 3-9, and the rotation of the screw 3-9 controls the raising and lowering of the lifting nut 3-12. One end of the sensor mounting bracket 3-4 is connected to the lifting nut 3-12 via a screw. The other end is connected to the guide shaft 3-18. When the lifting nut 3-12 at one end rises and falls due to the rotation of the screw 3-9, the sensor mounting bracket moves up and down with the lifting nut 3-12. The two guide shafts 3-18 are respectively connected between the top plate 3-13 and the first bottom plate 3-14, and between the top plate 3-13 and the second bottom plate. When the sensor rises and falls with the rotation of the worm gear 3-10, it guides the sensor mounting bracket 3-4 and is used to fix the right-folding micro linear module 3-1 and the left-folding micro linear module 3-2.

[0032] Furthermore, combined Figure 9 and Figure 10 The sensor rotation device 11 includes a sensor fixing ring 11-2, a rotating housing 11-1, a knob 11-3, and a self-locking groove 11-4.

[0033] The rotating outer shell 11-1 is fixed to the right-folding micro linear module 3-1 and the left-folding micro linear module 3-2. The sensor fixing ring 11-2 is sleeved on the tail end of the scattered light sensor 8, and the sensor 8 is rotated through the sensor fixing ring 11-2. The rotating outer shell 11-1 is located outside the sensor fixing ring 11-2, and the two are positioned by the groove track of the rotating outer shell 11-1. The sensor fixing ring 11-2 can rotate within the groove track of the rotating outer shell 11-1. The sensor fixing ring 11-2 is provided with a cylindrical cross-shaped locking post, which passes through the groove track. The knob 11-3 has a hollow circular hole structure below it. The knob 11-3 is connected to the cross-shaped locking post of the sensor fixing ring 11-2 through the lower circular hole, and the knob 11-3 can rotate around the cross-shaped locking post. The self-locking groove 11-4 is installed at both ends of the groove track of the rotating outer shell 11-1, and the two self-locking grooves 11-4 are symmetrical about the center of the sensor fixing device 11 (180 degrees radially symmetrical about the rotating outer shell 11-1). The lower end of the knob 11-3 is a cylindrical structure, and two parallel vertical planes are milled on both sides of the outer circular surface of the cylindrical structure. The self-locking groove 11-4 has a circular hole inside, which matches the diameter of the cylinder of the rotary knob 11-3 (slightly larger than the cylinder diameter). The opening of the self-locking groove 11-4 is smaller than the diameter of the cylinder of the rotary knob 11-3, and matches the distance between the two vertical planes (slightly larger than the distance between the two vertical planes). Since the width of the knob 11-3 is narrowed after milling on both sides, the knob 11-3 can enter the self-locking groove 11-4 through the opening along this direction. Rotating the knob 11-3 makes the two vertical planes on both sides... If the straight plane is parallel to the opening of the self-locking groove 11-4, then the knob 11-3 can enter the self-locking groove 11-4. Then rotate the knob 11-3 so that the vertical planes on both sides of the knob 11-3 are offset from the opening. Since the diameter of the cylinder is larger than the width of the opening of the self-locking groove 11-4, the knob 11-3 is fixed in the self-locking groove 11-4. The sensor fixing ring 11-2 cannot rotate relative to the rotating shell 11-1, and the position is positioned after 180° rotation. By manually rotating the knob 11-3, the scattered light sensor 8 can be rotated 180° to complete the up and down deflection of the detection fiber.

[0034] Furthermore, combined Figure 6 , Figure 7 The scattered light sensor 8 deflects the light at 45° through its adapter. The specific detection process of the rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device of the present invention is as follows:

[0035] Step 1: Place the rolling linear guide 2 of a certain model to be tested and its corresponding fixing plate 4 on the central fixing frame 5 of the testing device, and fix the rolling linear guide to be tested with screws. Adjust the sensor lifting device 3 to the set zero position by motor, manually adjust the sensor rotation device 10 so that the sensor 8 is in the positive direction (the sensor light is facing the center of the raceway), and rotate the knob 11-3 until the two side planes are parallel to the opening of the self-locking groove 11-4 and move it into the self-locking groove 11-4 to fix the position of the sensor 8. Then rotate the knob 11-3 so that the knob cannot be separated from the self-locking groove 11-4. Adjust the linear module 1 so that the testing device is located at the testing start end of the rolling linear guide 2 to be tested.

[0036] Step 2: Adjust the height of the scattered light sensor 8 by adjusting the sensor lifting device 3 so that the sensor detection heads on both sides of the rolling linear guide 2 under test are at the same detection height as the raceway below the linear guide 2. Then adjust the miniature right-folding miniature linear module 3-1 and the left-folding miniature linear module 3-2 so that the detection light of the scattered light sensor 8 is aligned with the center of the raceway below the guide 2 and the distance from the raceway surface reaches the effective target detection distance. Turn on the sensor data display to prepare for detection.

[0037] Step 3: Control the linear module 1 motor to rotate and drive the detection device to move along the raceway direction of the rolling linear guide 2 to scan the surface of the rolling linear guide 2 and record the collected raceway surface waviness data. When the detection device moves with the linear module 1 to the detection end of the rolling linear guide 2, the linear module 1 stops moving.

[0038] Step 4: Adjust the sensor lifting device 3 to raise the sensor to the detection height of the raceway above the linear guide rail 2. Adjust the sensor rotation devices 11 on both sides, rotate the knob 11-3 until the vertical planes on both sides are parallel to the self-locking groove 11-4 and move the knob 11-3 out along the self-locking groove 11-4. Then rotate it 180° along the semi-circular track of the rotating housing 11-1 and repeat the above operation so that the knob 11-3 enters the self-locking groove 11-4 at the other end, so that the detection head faces the surface of the raceway above for detection.

[0039] Step 5: Keep the scattered light sensor 8 working continuously and control the linear module 1 to move in the reverse direction. Stop when the detection device moves to the starting end of the rolling linear guide 2 to be tested, and obtain the waviness data of each raceway after sweeping along the raceway direction. After one set of guideways is tested, adjust the detection device to reset it.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the surface waviness of a rolling linear guide raceway, characterized in that, include: The bed provides a mounting surface for the linear guide pair and the rolling linear guide to be tested; The linear guide pair, arranged parallel to the rolling linear guide under test, is used to guide the reverse sliding of the sensor lifting device. The linear module is used to drive the sliding of the sensor lifting device on the bed, realize the reciprocating motion of the scattered light sensor from the rolling linear guide rail to the detection end, and complete the scanning action of the scattered light sensor after switching the detection of the upper and lower roller tracks. A scattered light sensor is used to detect the waviness of the upper and lower raceways on both sides of the rolling linear guide under test. The sensor lifting device is used to move the scattered light sensor in a direction perpendicular to the linear guide pair to adjust the detection distance between the scattered light sensor and the rolling linear guide to be tested. It can also move the scattered light sensor up and down to adjust the height of the scattered light sensor so that the detection head of the scattered light sensor is consistent with the detection height of the raceway of the rolling linear guide to be tested. It can also rotate the scattered light sensor so that the detection light of the scattered light sensor is aligned with the surface of the raceway of the rolling linear guide to be tested.

2. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor lifting device includes: The support frame installed on the linear guide pair and linear module is used to rotatably support the driving worm, the driven worm, and the worm wheel; The servo motor is fixed to the support frame. The driving worm and the driven worm are meshed by a gear pair, wherein the driving worm is connected to the servo motor through a coupling. The axes of the two worms are perpendicular to the sliding direction of the linear guide pair, and the two worms have the same rotation direction but opposite directions. Two worm wheels mesh with the driving worm and the driven worm respectively. Each worm wheel is connected to a screw. The two screws are located on both sides of the rolling linear guide rail to be tested. A lifting nut is fitted on the screw. The guide shaft connected to the support frame is used to guide the up and down movement of the fixed frame; The mounting bracket, connected to the lifting nut and guide shaft, is used to secure the right-folding micro linear module and the left-folding micro linear module. The right-folding micro linear module and the left-folding micro linear module are located on both sides of the rolling linear guide under test, respectively, and are used to adjust the detection distance between the scattered light sensor and the rolling linear guide under test so that the detection light is aligned with the center of the measuring track of the rolling linear guide under test. Two sensor rotation devices, connected to the right-folding micro linear module and the left-folding micro linear module respectively, are used to drive the scattered light sensors located on both sides of the rolling linear guide under test to rotate, so that the detection light of the scattered light sensors is aligned with the test raceway surface of the rolling linear guide under test.

3. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor rotation device includes a sensor fixing ring, a rotating housing, a knob, and a self-locking groove; Two rotating housings are fixed to the right-folding micro linear module and the left-folding micro linear module, respectively. The sensor fixing ring is sleeved on the tail end of the scattered light sensor. The rotating housing is located outside the sensor fixing ring, and the two are positioned by a groove track set in the rotating housing. The sensor fixing ring can rotate within the groove track of the rotating housing. The sensor fixing ring is provided with a locking post, which passes through the groove track. The knob is connected to the locking post and can rotate around the locking post. The self-locking groove is installed at both ends of the groove track of the rotating housing, and the two self-locking grooves are symmetrical about the radial direction of the rotating housing by 180 degrees. The lower end of the knob is a cylinder, and two parallel vertical planes are milled on the outer circular surface of the cylinder. The inside of the self-locking groove is a circular hole, which matches the diameter of the cylinder of the rotating knob. The groove opening of the self-locking groove matches the distance between the two vertical planes.

4. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame includes a first base plate, a second base plate, a top plate, and support rods. The first base plate and the second base plate are respectively mounted on the linear guide pair and the linear module. The first base plate and the second base plate are located on both sides of the rolling linear guide to be tested. The top plate is located at the upper end of the first base plate and the second base plate. Multiple support rods are provided between the first base plate, the second base plate, and the top plate.

5. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The servo motor is fixed to the lower end of the top plate by a motor mounting bracket.

6. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving worm, driven worm, and worm wheel are rotatably supported on the support frame via bearings.

7. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bed is fixed with a guide rail fixing frame. The rolling linear guide rail to be tested is connected to the guide rail fixing frame through a guide rail fixing plate. Different models of rolling linear guide rails to be tested are equipped with different guide rail fixing plates.

8. The rolling linear guide raceway surface waviness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear guide pair has a guide rail limiting block at each end of the guide rail to limit the displacement of the slider of the linear guide pair.

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