Superconducting motor and rotor

Abstract

This application discloses a rotor comprising a rotor housing, a rotor shaft, a rotor core, and rotor windings. The rotor housing encloses a receiving space, with the rotor shaft at least partially located within this space. The rotor core and rotor windings are located outside the rotor core. The rotor contains three coaxially distributed zones: a normal temperature zone, a first low-temperature zone, and a second low-temperature zone. The first low-temperature zone is located between the normal temperature zone and the second low-temperature zone. The temperature of the first low-temperature zone is lower than that of the normal temperature zone, and the temperature of the second low-temperature zone is lower than that of the first low-temperature zone. The rotor shaft is located in the normal temperature zone, the rotor core in the first low-temperature zone, and the rotor windings in the second low-temperature zone. This application also discloses a superconducting motor. This application utilizes a normal temperature shaft and a three-temperature zone structure within the rotor. By setting an intermediate temperature zone at the rotor core between the rotor shaft and the rotor windings, the heat leakage generated by the rotor windings through the normal temperature shaft is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a superconducting motor and rotor. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature superconducting phase shifters possess advantages such as high power density, fast reactive power response, and strong voltage regulation capabilities, and are therefore widely researched and applied in new energy power systems. The rotor of a high-temperature superconducting phase shifter is a high-temperature superconducting rotor, typically operating near the 30K temperature range. Currently, the 30K cold helium superconducting rotor structure faces technical challenges, particularly heat leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a rotor with low heat leakage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: One aspect of this application provides a rotor, which includes a rotor housing, a rotor shaft, a rotor core, and rotor windings: the rotor housing encloses a receiving space; at least a portion of the rotor shaft is located within the receiving space; the rotor core is located within the receiving space and outside the rotor shaft; the rotor windings are located within the receiving space and outside the rotor core; a normal temperature zone, a first low temperature zone, and a second low temperature zone are coaxially distributed in the rotor, the first low temperature zone being located between the normal temperature zone and the second low temperature zone; the temperature of the first low temperature zone is lower than the temperature of the normal temperature zone, the temperature of the second low temperature zone is lower than the temperature of the first low temperature zone, the rotor shaft is located in the normal temperature zone, the rotor core is located in the first low temperature zone, and the rotor windings are located in the second low temperature zone.

[0005] Furthermore, a winding sealing can, a first heat insulation layer, and a second heat insulation layer are also formed in the rotor. The winding sealing can is located between the rotor core and the rotor housing. The rotor winding is installed in the winding sealing can. The first heat insulation layer is located between the rotor shaft and the rotor core. The second heat insulation layer is located between the rotor core and the winding sealing can. A first low-temperature zone is formed between the first heat insulation layer and the second heat insulation layer. A second low-temperature zone is formed inside the winding sealing can.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotor shaft and the first heat insulation layer, the first heat insulation layer and the rotor core, the rotor core and the second heat insulation layer, and the second heat insulation layer and the winding sealing tank are all circumferentially connected by a toothed structure and a grooved structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the winding sealing tank consists of an inner winding sealing layer, an outer winding sealing layer, and winding end plates located on both sides. The outer winding sealing layer is located outside the inner winding sealing layer, and the winding end plates are connected to both the inner winding sealing layer and the outer winding sealing layer. The inner sealing layer of the winding includes a plurality of inner sealing portions arranged along the axial direction and an inner corrugated portion of the winding connected between adjacent inner sealing portions. The outer sealing layer of the winding includes a plurality of outer sealing portions arranged along the axial direction and an outer corrugated portion of the winding connected between adjacent outer sealing portions. The first heat insulation layer includes a plurality of first heat insulation portions arranged along the axial direction and separated from each other; the second heat insulation layer includes a plurality of second heat insulation portions arranged along the axial direction and separated from each other; and the rotor core includes a plurality of rotor core portions arranged along the axial direction and separated from each other.

[0008] Furthermore, a number of shaft fixing holes are formed on the rotor shaft, a number of first heat insulation inner holes and a number of first heat insulation outer holes are formed on the inner and outer sides of the first heat insulation layer, a number of iron core inner holes and iron core outer holes are formed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor core, a number of through second heat insulation holes are formed in the second heat insulation layer, and a number of winding sealing holes are formed on the inner side of the winding sealing tank. A first fixing channel is formed between the shaft fixing hole and the first heat insulation inner hole, a second fixing channel is formed between the first heat insulation outer hole and the iron core inner hole, and a third channel is formed between the iron core outer hole, the second heat insulation hole and the winding sealing hole. The rotor includes a number of first fixed posts, a number of second fixed posts and a number of third fixed posts. The first fixed posts are installed in the first fixed channel, the second fixed posts are installed in the second fixed channel and the third fixed posts are installed in the third fixed channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the third fixing column includes a cylindrical insulating layer, a filling part, and a connecting part. The filling part is located inside the heat insulation layer, the connecting part is connected to the end of the filling part, the heat insulation layer is connected to the outer hole of the rotor core, and the connecting part is connected to the winding sealing tank.

[0010] Furthermore, several first medium flow channels extending axially are formed inside the rotor core, and the first medium flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core. The rotor winding includes several coil mounting bases and several superconducting coils installed in the coil mounting bases. A second dielectric flow channel extending axially is formed in the coil mounting bases.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotor also includes two cold medium transmission mechanisms. One cold medium transmission mechanism is connected to the first medium flow channel inside the rotor core and forms a first low temperature zone inside the rotor core. The other cold medium transmission mechanism is connected to the second medium flow channel inside the coil fixing seat and forms a second low temperature zone inside the winding sealing can. An installation chamber is formed at each end of the rotor shaft, and at least a portion of the cold medium transmission mechanism is installed in the installation chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the cold medium transfer mechanism includes a cold medium input pipe, a cold medium output pipe, a rotating transfer component, and a stationary transfer component. One end of the cold medium input pipe is connected to the rotating transfer component, and the other end of the cold medium input pipe is connected to a first medium flow channel or a second medium flow channel. One end of the cold medium output pipe is connected to the rotating transfer component, and the other end of the cold medium output pipe is connected to the first medium flow channel or the second medium flow channel. The rotating transfer component and the stationary transfer component are rotatably connected. The rotating transfer component is located outside the stationary transfer component, or the stationary transfer component is sleeved outside the rotating transfer component. The rotating transfer component and the stationary transfer component are sealed by a magnetic fluid.

[0013] Furthermore, the cold medium transmission mechanism includes a first medium transmission mechanism for transmitting a first cooling medium to the rotor core and a second cold medium transmission mechanism for transmitting a second cooling medium to the rotor winding. The first medium transmission mechanism includes a first rotary transmission component, and the second medium transmission mechanism includes a second rotary transmission component. A first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber are respectively formed at both ends of the rotor shaft. At least a portion of the first rotary transmission component is installed in the first mounting chamber, and at least a portion of the second rotary transmission component is installed in the second mounting chamber.

[0014] Another aspect of this application provides a superconducting motor, which includes a motor stator and the aforementioned rotor.

[0015] In this application, by using a normal temperature shaft and setting a three-temperature zone structure inside the rotor, and by setting an intermediate temperature zone at the rotor core between the rotor shaft and the rotor winding, the heat leakage generated by the rotor winding through the normal temperature shaft is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a motor rotor in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor rotor along the axial direction in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor rotor perpendicular to the axial direction in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of some internal components of the motor rotor in an embodiment of this application. From top to bottom, they are the rotor shaft, the first heat insulation layer, the rotor core, the second heat insulation layer, and the winding sealing tank. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the winding sealing tank along the axial direction in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 for Figure 2Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the third fixed column in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the rotor winding structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a cold medium transmission mechanism in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0019] The superconducting motor includes a motor rotor, a motor stator, and a motor housing. The motor stator is fixed inside the motor housing, and the motor rotor passes through the motor stator. The motor stator is sleeved on the outside of the motor rotor, and the positions of the motor stator and the motor rotor are matched. A rotatable connection is formed between the motor rotor and the motor housing.

[0020] The specific embodiments of this application provide a detailed description and explanation of the motor rotor in a superconducting motor.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should also be understood that the motor rotor involved in this application has a rotor shaft. Unless otherwise specified in the description of this application, "axial" refers to the direction extending along the rotation axis of the rotor shaft, "radial" refers to the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor shaft, and "circumferential" refers to the direction around the rotation axis of the rotor shaft. In the axial direction, "inner" or "inner side" refers to the side closer to the superconducting motor, and "outer" or "outer side" refers to the side away from the superconducting motor. In the radial direction, "inner" or "inner side" refers to the side closer to the axis of the rotor shaft, and "outer" or "outer side" refers to the side away from the axis of the rotor shaft. Furthermore, if a part has a hollow cavity, the "inner side" of the part refers to the part disposed inside the hollow cavity, and the "outer side" of the part refers to the part disposed outside the hollow cavity.

[0022] One aspect of this application provides an electric motor rotor 100. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the motor rotor 100 in this embodiment includes a rotor housing 11 and a rotor shaft 12. The rotor housing 11 encloses a receiving space, and at least a portion of the rotor shaft 12 is located within the receiving space, with the rotor shaft 12 positioned at the center. Other components of the motor rotor 100 are also located within the receiving space, and these components are substantially located between the motor shaft and the rotor housing 11. A rotor core 13 and a rotor winding 14 are sequentially arranged on the outside of the rotor shaft 12, with the rotor core 13 sleeved on the outside of the rotor shaft 12 and the rotor winding 14 sleeved on the outside of the rotor core 13. The rotor shaft 12, rotor core 13, rotor winding 14, and rotor housing 11 constitute the most basic structural part of the motor rotor 100.

[0023] In this embodiment, the motor rotor 100 is a superconducting motor rotor 100, meaning that when the motor rotor 100 is working, the rotor winding 14 is in a superconducting state, or in other words, the rotor winding 14 needs to be in an ultra-low temperature environment.

[0024] In this embodiment, the rotor shaft 12 is set to be at room temperature, forming a room temperature zone. Related technologies include solutions using low-temperature shafts. While low-temperature shafts offer advantages such as simple structure and ease of manufacturing, the difficulty in implementing insulation structures in the shaft area makes them prone to severe heat leakage. This embodiment uses a room-temperature shaft, eliminating the temperature difference between the rotor shaft 12 and the external environment, thus resolving the heat leakage problem caused by the rotor shaft 12.

[0025] After the above settings, although the temperature difference between the rotor shaft 12 and the external environment is basically eliminated, a large temperature difference still exists between the rotor shaft 12 and the rotor winding 14. Therefore, in this embodiment, an intermediate temperature zone is set between the normal temperature zone of the rotor shaft 12 and the ultra-low temperature zone of the rotor winding 14. That is, three temperature zones with a certain temperature gradient are formed in the motor rotor 100 in this embodiment, which can reduce the temperature difference between adjacent temperature zones, alleviate the heat leakage phenomenon between adjacent temperature zones, and avoid the serious heat leakage problem caused by the ultra-low temperature zone for achieving superconductivity being directly adjacent to the normal temperature layer. For ease of description, in this embodiment, the temperature zone where the rotor shaft 12 is located is called the normal temperature zone, the ultra-low temperature zone where the rotor winding 14 is located is called the second low temperature zone, and the transition temperature zone between the normal temperature zone and the second low temperature zone is called the first low temperature zone.

[0026] In the motor rotor 100 of this application embodiment, three substantially coaxially distributed temperature zones—a normal temperature zone, a first low temperature zone, and a second low temperature zone—are formed. The temperature of the first low temperature zone is lower than that of the normal temperature zone, and the temperature of the second low temperature zone is lower than that of the first low temperature zone. In the specific implementation of this application, the rotor winding 14 needs to operate in a low-temperature environment of approximately 30K, the second low temperature zone is essentially at an ultra-low temperature of approximately 30K, and the first low temperature zone can be set to 77K. Maintaining a small temperature difference between the first and second low temperature zones can reduce heat leakage between them. An ultra-low temperature environment of approximately 30K can be formed in the second low temperature zone by introducing a second cooling medium, and a low temperature environment of approximately 77K can be formed in the first low temperature zone by introducing a first cooling medium. Specifically, the first cooling medium can be liquid nitrogen, and the second cooling medium can be cold helium.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rotor shaft 12 is configured to be located in the normal temperature zone, the rotor core 13 is configured to be located in the first low temperature zone, and the rotor winding 14 is configured to be located in the second low temperature zone.

[0028] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the motor rotor 100 of this embodiment further forms a winding sealing can 15, a first heat insulation layer 16, and a second heat insulation layer 17. The rotor winding 14 is located inside the winding sealing can 15, which forms a second low-temperature zone. The winding sealing can 15 can completely encapsulate the rotor winding 14 within the second low-temperature zone, while also preventing the second cooling medium from leaking out of the second low-temperature zone. The first heat insulation layer 16 is located between the rotor shaft 12 and the rotor core 13, and the second heat insulation layer 17 is located between the rotor core 13 and the winding sealing can 14. In the motor rotor 100, a normal temperature zone is formed within the first heat insulation layer 16, a first low-temperature zone is formed between the first heat insulation layer 16 and the second heat insulation layer 17, and a second low-temperature zone is formed outside the second heat insulation layer 17. The rotor shaft 12 is substantially located within this normal temperature zone, the rotor core 13 is substantially located within this first low-temperature zone, and the rotor winding 14 and the winding sealing can 15 are substantially located within this second low-temperature zone. The first heat insulation layer 16 can slow down the heat transfer between the rotor core 13 and the rotor shaft 12, that is, slow down the heat transfer between the first low temperature zone and the normal temperature zone, reduce the cold leakage between the rotor core 13 and the rotor shaft 12, and reduce the amount of cold leakage generated by the rotor core 13 through the rotor shaft 12. The second heat insulation layer 17 can slow down the heat transfer between the winding sealing tank 15 and the rotor core 13, that is, slow down the heat transfer between the second low temperature zone and the first low temperature zone, reduce the cold leakage within the winding sealing tank 15 or between the rotor winding 14 and the rotor core 13, and reduce the amount of cold leakage generated by the winding sealing tank 15 and the rotor winding 14 through the rotor core 13.

[0029] Specifically, the winding sealing can 15 can be made of metal, which is easy to form into a can-shaped sealing structure through an integral molding process or through processes such as welding. The first heat insulation layer 16 and the second heat insulation layer 17 can be made of resin materials with low thermal conductivity, including epoxy resin.

[0030] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the motor rotor 100 of this application embodiment, the rotor shaft 12, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17 and the winding sealing tank 15 are fixed in pairs by the mutual cooperation of the tooth structure and the groove structure, especially by the mutual cooperation of the tooth structure and the groove structure to achieve circumferential fixation and connection.

[0031] A plurality of shaft protrusions 121 are formed on the outer side of the rotor shaft 12, and a plurality of first heat-insulating grooves 161 are formed on the inner side of the first heat-insulating layer 16 to match the shaft protrusions 121 on the outer side of the rotor shaft 12. The first heat-insulating layer 16 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor shaft 12 and fixed to the rotor shaft 12 through the shaft protrusions 121 and the first heat-insulating grooves 161. After the first heat-insulating grooves 161 on the inner side of the first heat-insulating layer 16 and the shaft protrusions 121 on the outer side of the rotor shaft 12 cooperate with each other, it can not only fix the first heat-insulating layer 16 and the rotor shaft 12 to each other, but also realize the transmission of force and torque between the rotor shaft 12 and the first heat-insulating layer 16. Furthermore, in order to better connect the rotor shaft 12 and the first heat-insulating layer 16, a plurality of shaft protrusions 121 are provided in both the circumferential and axial directions of the rotor shaft 12, and the plurality of shaft protrusions 121 are distributed on the rotor shaft 12 according to a certain rule. Furthermore, the shaft protrusions 121 are evenly distributed on the rotor shaft 12. Correspondingly, a first heat insulation groove 161 is provided on the inner side of the first heat insulation layer 16 to cooperate with the shaft protrusions 121.

[0032] Similarly, a plurality of evenly distributed first heat-insulating protrusions 162 are formed on the outer side of the first heat-insulating layer 16, and core grooves 131 and core protrusions 132 are formed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor core 13, respectively. Second heat-insulating grooves 171 and second heat-insulating protrusions 172 are formed on the inner and outer sides of the second heat-insulating layer 17, respectively. A sealing groove 151 is formed on the inner side of the winding sealing can 15. The first heat-insulating protrusions 162 correspond to and cooperate with the core grooves 131, the core protrusions 132 with the second heat-insulating grooves 171, and the second heat-insulating protrusions 172 with the sealing grooves 151, achieving the transmission of force and torque. After the above arrangement, the rotor shaft 12, the first heat-insulating layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat-insulating layer 17, and the winding sealing can 15 are fixed together by the cooperation of the protrusion and groove structures, primarily achieving the transmission of force and torque in the circumferential direction.

[0033] Furthermore, the aforementioned tooth structures located on the outer surfaces of the rotor shaft 12, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, and the second heat insulation layer 17 can be either continuous and axially extending teeth, or several independent teeth distributed axially. Additionally, continuous and axially extending teeth can be formed on some components, while several independent teeth distributed axially are formed on other components. The groove structures on the inner surfaces of the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding sealing tank 15 basically correspond to and cooperate with the aforementioned tooth structures. The specific shape of the groove structure is sufficient to enable the installation and connection between the components and to cooperate with the tooth structures to fix each layer in the circumferential direction.

[0034] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the winding sealing tank 15 can be composed of an inner winding sealing layer 152, an outer winding sealing layer 153, and a winding end plate 154. The outer winding sealing layer 153 is located outside the inner winding sealing layer 152, and the winding end plate 154 is located at both ends of the inner winding sealing layer 152 and the outer winding sealing layer 153, and the winding end plate 154 is connected to both the inner winding sealing layer 152 and the outer winding sealing layer 153. The inner winding sealing layer 152, the outer winding sealing layer 153, and the winding end plate 154 enclose a cavity for accommodating and fixing the rotor winding 14, and the rotor winding 14 is fixed inside the winding sealing tank 15.

[0035] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 4As shown, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the inner winding sealing layer 152 and outer winding sealing layer 153 in the winding sealing tank 15 are all segmented in the axial direction. That is, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the inner winding sealing layer 152 and outer winding sealing layer 153 in the winding sealing tank 15 are all divided into several parts in the axial direction. In the motor rotor 100, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, the inner winding sealing layer 152, and the outer winding sealing layer 153 are all in a low-temperature environment during operation. When transitioning from a non-operating state to an operating state, the first heat insulation layer 16, rotor core 13, second heat insulation layer 17, inner winding sealing layer 152, and outer winding sealing layer 153 all transition from a normal temperature environment to a low-temperature environment. During this transition, all components experience volume shrinkage due to the temperature drop. This shrinkage not only affects the dimensions of each component but also its mechanical strength. To avoid the impact of shrinkage on these components, the first heat insulation layer 16, rotor core 13, second heat insulation layer 17, and the inner and outer winding sealing layers 152 in the winding sealing tank 15 are axially divided into several parts. By distributing the dimensional changes caused by shrinkage to each component, the overall impact of shrinkage is reduced.

[0036] Specifically, the first heat insulation layer 16 includes a plurality of first heat insulation portions 163 arranged along the axial direction. Adjacent first heat insulation portions 163 are independent of each other. At normal temperature, the first heat insulation portions 163 in the first heat insulation layer 16 are in contact with each other. At low temperature, due to the shrinkage phenomenon, the size of each first heat insulation portion 163 is reduced, and there is a certain gap between adjacent first heat insulation portions 163. Similarly, the second heat insulation layer 17 also includes a plurality of second heat insulation portions 173 arranged along the axial direction. Adjacent second heat insulation portions 173 are independent of each other. The rotor core 13 also includes a plurality of rotor core portions 133 arranged along the axial direction. Adjacent rotor core portions 133 are independent of each other.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6The inner sealing layer 152 of the winding shown includes a plurality of inner sealing portions 1521 and inner corrugated portions 1522. The inner sealing portions 1521 are arranged substantially along the axis and are separated from each other. The inner corrugated portions 1522 are located between adjacent inner sealing portions 1521 and are connected to the inner sealing portions 1521 on both sides. Similarly, the outer sealing layer 153 of the winding also includes a plurality of outer sealing portions 1531 and outer corrugated portions 1532. The outer corrugated portions 1532 are connected between adjacent outer sealing portions 1531. The winding sealing tank 15 needs to form a complete whole to achieve the function of sealing the second cooling medium therein. The inner corrugated part 1522 and the outer corrugated part 1532 of the winding both have a certain expansion and contraction capacity in the axial direction. The inner corrugated part 1522 is set between the inner sealing parts 1521 and the outer corrugated part 1532 is set between the outer sealing parts 1531. The expansion and contraction capacity of the corrugated parts can solve the problem of cold contraction caused by temperature changes, so that the overall axial dimension of the inner sealing layer 152 and the outer sealing layer 153 of the winding remains basically unchanged. This is beneficial to the stability of the inner sealing layer 152 and the outer sealing layer 153 of the winding itself, and also beneficial to the connection stability between the inner sealing layer 152 and the adjacent rotor core 13. The installation of the inner corrugated portion 1522 and the outer corrugated portion 1532 can also improve the sealing performance of the inner sealing layer 152 and the outer sealing layer 153, thereby improving the overall sealing performance of the winding sealing tank 15, preventing the leakage of the second cooling medium at the inner sealing layer 152 or the outer sealing layer 153 of the winding sealing tank 15, and further reducing heat leakage.

[0038] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the rotor shaft 12, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding inner sealing layer 152 are axially fixed by means of fixing holes and fixing posts connected to the fixing holes. A plurality of shaft fixing holes 122 are formed on the rotor shaft 12, and the shaft fixing holes 122 are arranged in an array on the surface of the rotor shaft 12. A plurality of first heat insulation inner holes 164 and a plurality of first heat insulation outer holes 165 are formed on the inner and outer sides of the first heat insulation layer 16, respectively. The first heat insulation inner holes 164 are arranged in an array on the inner surface of the first heat insulation layer 16, and the first heat insulation outer holes 165 are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the first heat insulation layer 16. A plurality of core inner holes 134 and core outer holes 135 are also formed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor core 13, respectively. The core inner holes 134 are arranged in an array on the inner surface of the rotor core 13, and the core outer holes 135 are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the rotor core 13. A plurality of through-holes 174 are formed on the second heat insulation layer 17, and the second heat insulation holes 174 are arranged in an array in the second heat insulation layer 17. A plurality of winding sealing holes 159 are formed on the inner sealing layer 152, and the winding sealing holes 159 are arranged in an array in the inner sealing layer 152. The winding sealing holes 159 can be arranged through the inner sealing layer 152 or not through the inner sealing layer 152.

[0039] In the motor rotor 100, the axis of the shaft fixing hole 122 is collinear with the axis of the first heat-insulating inner hole 164. The shaft fixing hole 122 and the first heat-insulating inner hole 164 cooperate with each other to form a plurality of first fixing channels between the rotor shaft 12 and the first heat-insulating layer 16. The axis of the first heat-insulating outer hole 165 is collinear with the axis of the iron core inner hole 134. The first heat-insulating outer hole 165 and the iron core inner hole 134 cooperate with each other to form a plurality of second fixing channels between the first heat-insulating layer 16 and the rotor iron core 13. The axis of the iron core outer hole 135, the axis of the second heat-insulating hole 174, and the axis of the winding sealing hole 159 are collinear. The iron core outer hole 135, the second heat-insulating hole 174, and the winding sealing hole 159 cooperate with each other to form a plurality of third fixing channels between the rotor iron core 13, the second heat-insulating hole 174, and the winding inner sealing layer 152.

[0040] Furthermore, the shaft fixing hole 122 can be located at the center of at least a portion of the shaft protrusions 121. The first heat-insulating inner hole 164 and the first heat-insulating outer hole 165 can be located at the axial center of the first heat-insulating portion 163. The first heat-insulating inner hole 164 can be located between adjacent first heat-insulating grooves 161, and the first heat-insulating outer hole 165 can also be located at the center of the first heat-insulating protrusions 162. The core inner hole 134 and the hollow core can be located at the axial center of the rotor core portion 133. The core inner hole 134 can be located between adjacent core grooves 131, and the core outer hole 135 can be located at the center of the core protrusions 132. The second heat-insulating hole 174 can be located at the axial center of the second heat-insulating portion 173, and the second heat-insulating hole 174 can penetrate the second heat-insulating protrusions 172. The winding sealing hole 159 can be located at the center of the inner sealing part 1521 in the axial direction, and the winding sealing hole 159 can be located between adjacent sealing can grooves 151 on the inner sealing part 1521.

[0041] The motor rotor 100 also includes a plurality of first fixing posts 123, a plurality of second fixing posts 124, and a plurality of third fixing posts 125. The first fixing posts 123 are installed in a first fixing channel, serving to connect the rotor shaft 12 and the first heat insulation layer 16, and restricting the axial and circumferential freedom of movement between the rotor shaft 12 and the first heat insulation layer 16, allowing them to form a single unit. The second fixing posts 124 are installed in a second fixing channel, serving to connect the first heat insulation layer 16 and the rotor core 13, and restricting the axial and circumferential freedom of movement between them, allowing them to form a single unit. The third fixing post 125 is installed in the third fixing channel. The third fixing post 125 serves to connect the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the inner sealing layer 152 of the winding. It restricts the axial and circumferential freedom of movement among the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the inner sealing layer 152 of the winding, allowing them to form a whole. Through the mutual cooperation between the first fixing channel and the first fixing post 123, the second fixing channel and the second fixing post 124, and the third fixing channel and the third fixing post 125, the rotor shaft 12, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding sealing tank 15 can be connected to form a whole, and the relative movement among the rotor shaft 12, the first heat insulation layer 16, the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding sealing tank 15 can be restricted. Meanwhile, after being fixed by the aforementioned fixing posts, when components such as the first heat insulation layer 16, rotor core 13, second heat insulation layer 17, and winding sealing tank 15 undergo cold contraction, the first heat insulation part 163, rotor core part 133, second heat insulation part 173, and winding inner sealing part 1521 can also undergo cold contraction around the corresponding fixing posts, so that the gaps caused by cold contraction are evenly distributed at the segment points of each component, thereby ensuring that the overall dimensional changes of each component in the axial direction are smaller.

[0042] Furthermore, in the first heat insulation layer 16, the axial direction of the first heat insulation inner hole 164 and the axial direction of the first heat insulation outer hole 165 are set to be non-collinear. In the first heat insulation layer 16, the first heat insulation inner hole 164 and the first heat insulation outer hole 165 are independent and do not penetrate each other, and neither the first heat insulation inner hole 164 nor the first heat insulation outer hole 165 penetrates the first heat insulation layer 16. By staggering the first heat insulation inner hole 164 and the first heat insulation outer hole 165, the overall thickness of the first heat insulation layer 16 can be increased, the overall mechanical strength of the first heat insulation layer 16 can be increased, and the heat insulation capacity of the first heat insulation layer 16 can also be enhanced. Similarly, in the rotor core 13, the core inner hole 134 and the core outer hole 135 also do not penetrate the rotor core 13, and the core inner hole 134 and the core outer hole 135 are also staggered in the aforementioned manner.

[0043] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 8 As shown, the third fixing post 125 includes an isolation layer 1251, a filling part 1252, and a connecting part 1253. The isolation layer 1251 is basically cylindrical, the filling part 1252 is located inside the cylindrical isolation layer 1251, and the connecting part 1253 is connected to the end of the filling part 1252. The third fixing post 125 needs to pass through three structures: the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding sealing tank 15. These three structures are located in the first low-temperature zone and the second low-temperature zone, respectively. The third fixing post 125 needs to meet both the connection requirements and the requirement to reduce heat transfer between the second low-temperature zone and the first low-temperature zone. The filling part 1252 constitutes the main structure of the third fixing post 125, and mainly plays a mechanical connection role, improving the connection strength between the rotor core 13, the second heat insulation layer 17, and the winding sealing tank 15. The insulating layer 1251, in a cylindrical shape, is located outside the filling portion 1252. Its main function is to increase thermal resistance and reduce heat transfer, thereby decreasing the heat transferred through the third fixing post 125. Specifically, a portion of the insulating layer 1251 extends into the outer hole 135 of the iron core, a portion of the insulating layer 1251 is installed in the second insulating hole, and a portion of the insulating layer 1251 is located in the sealing can groove 151 of the inner sealing layer 152 of the winding. At least a portion of the filling portion 1252 fills the cylindrical structure formed by the insulating layer 1251. The connecting portion 1253 mainly serves to connect the third fixing post 125 and the winding sealing can 15, thereby improving the fixing strength between the third fixing post 125 and the inner sealing layer 152 of the winding sealing can 15. Specifically, the connecting portion 1253 can be connected to the filling portion 1252 by welding, and the connecting portion 1253 can also be connected to the inner sealing layer 152 of the winding by welding.

[0044] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 7As shown, several axially extending first medium flow channels 136 are formed within the rotor core 13, and the first medium flow channels 136 are basically uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core 13. In this embodiment, a first cooling medium needs to be introduced into the rotor core 13 to form a first low-temperature zone. The formation of several first medium flow channels 136 within the rotor core 13 provides channels for the circulation of the first cooling medium within the rotor core 13. In the case of segmented rotor core 13, the rotor core 13 will experience cold contraction under low-temperature conditions, and gaps will appear in a portion of the axial region of the first medium flow channels 136. In this case, the first medium flow channels 136 can also serve as channels for installing or connecting circulation pipes for the first cooling medium. Corresponding circulation pipes are installed within the first medium flow channels 136, and the first cooling medium flows within the circulation pipes and reduces the temperature of the rotor core 13 through heat transfer. Further, the first medium flow channels 136 can be divided into inlet medium flow channels and outlet medium flow channels, which are spaced apart circumferentially.

[0045] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 9 As shown, the rotor winding 14 includes several coil mounting seats 141 and winding coils 142 connected to the coil mounting seats 141. A second medium flow channel 143 extending along the axis is formed within the coil mounting seats 141. In this embodiment, six sets of rotor windings 14 can be provided in the motor rotor 100. The six sets of rotor windings 14 are independently arranged in the winding sealing tank 15 and connected and fixed to the winding sealing tank 15 through a connecting structure. The coil mounting seats 141 are mainly used to fix the superconducting coils. A second medium flow channel 143 for the flow of the second cooling medium is also formed within the coil mounting seats 141. In the rotor winding 14, at least a portion of the superconducting coil is located within the second medium flow channel 143. The second cooling medium flowing within the second medium flow channel 143 can directly contact the superconducting coil and keep the superconducting coil in a low-temperature environment, thus achieving the superconducting requirements of the superconducting coil.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the motor rotor 100 also includes two cooling medium transfer mechanisms 18 (such as...). Figure 2As shown, one cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 is connected to a first medium flow channel 136 within the rotor core 13, forming a first low-temperature zone within the rotor core 13. The other cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 is connected to a second medium flow channel 143 within the coil mounting base 141, forming a second low-temperature zone within the winding sealing container 15. Of the two cooling medium transfer mechanisms 18, one can transfer a first cooling medium to the rotor core 13, causing the first cooling medium to circulate within the rotor core 13 and form a first low-temperature zone; the other cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 can transfer a second cooling medium to the rotor winding 14, causing the second cooling medium to circulate within the rotor winding 14 and form a second low-temperature zone within the rotor winding 14 within the winding sealing container 15. An installation chamber 126 is formed at each end of the rotor shaft 12, and at least a portion of each cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 is installed within the installation chamber 126. Two cooling medium transfer mechanisms 18 are respectively installed in the mounting chamber 126 at one end of the rotor shaft 12, which can better transfer the first cooling medium and the second cooling medium to the rotor core 13 and the rotor winding 14 respectively, and avoid mutual interference between the two cooling medium transfer mechanisms 18 that transfer different cooling media. Furthermore, the rotating part of the cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 is installed inside the mounting chamber 126. During the operation of the superconducting motor, the rotating part of the cooling medium transfer mechanism 18 rotates together with the rotor shaft 12.

[0047] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 10As shown, the cold medium transfer mechanism 18 includes a cold medium input pipe 181, a cold medium output pipe 182, a rotary transfer assembly 183, and a stationary transfer assembly 184. The cold medium input pipe 181 can input the corresponding cold medium into the rotor core 13 or the rotor winding 14, and the cold medium output pipe 182 can output the corresponding cold medium from the rotor core 13 and the rotor winding 14. Through the cold medium input pipe 181 and the cold medium output pipe 182, corresponding cold medium circulation processes can be formed in the rotor core 13 and the rotor winding 14, continuously cooling the rotor core 13 and the rotor winding 14 and keeping them in a corresponding low-temperature environment. The rotary transfer assembly 183 is installed in the mounting chamber 126 at one end of the rotor shaft 12, and the rotary transfer assembly 183 is interconnected with and communicates with the cold medium input pipe 181 and the cold medium output pipe 182. During the operation of the superconducting motor, the rotating transmission assembly 183 rotates together with the rotor shaft 12, providing a cooling medium to the rotor core 13 and rotor winding 14. The stationary transmission assembly 184 can be interconnected with a stationary device other than the motor rotor 100 that provides a cooling medium, and can continuously provide a cooling medium to the motor rotor 100. One end of the cooling medium input pipe 181 is connected to the rotating transmission assembly 183, and the other end of the cooling medium input pipe 181 is connected to the first medium flow channel 136 or the second medium flow channel 143. One end of the cooling medium output pipe 182 is connected to the rotating transmission assembly 183, and the other end of the cooling medium output pipe 182 is connected to the first medium flow channel 136 or the second medium flow channel 143. Specifically, the rotating transmission assembly 183 is provided with an input channel and an output channel that are basically coaxially arranged. The cooling medium input pipe 181 is connected to the input channel, and the cooling medium output pipe 182 is connected to the output channel. The rotating transmission component 183 and the stationary transmission component 184 are rotatably connected. The rotating transmission component 183 is located outside the stationary transmission component 184, or the stationary transmission component 184 is sleeved outside the rotating transmission component 183. The rotating transmission component 183 and the stationary transmission component 184 are rotatably connected and nested together. Overall, either the rotating transmission component 183 can be sleeved outside the stationary transmission component 184, or the stationary transmission component 184 can be sleeved outside the rotating transmission component 183, depending on the actual requirements. It should be understood that the rotating transmission component 183 being entirely sleeved outside the stationary transmission component 184 refers only to the overall structure and does not mean that all components of the rotating transmission component 183 are located outside the stationary transmission component 184. Some structures within the rotating transmission component 183 can also be located inside some structures within the stationary transmission component 184. The same applies when the stationary transmission component 184 is sleeved outside the rotating transmission component 183.The rotating transmission assembly 183 and the stationary transmission assembly 184 are sealed together by a magnetohydrodynamic sealing device 185. During the operation of the superconducting motor, the rotating transmission assembly 183 is in a relatively rotating state, while the stationary transmission assembly 184 is in a relatively stationary state. Relative motion between the rotating transmission assembly 183 and the stationary transmission assembly 184 is unavoidable. The magnetohydrodynamic sealing device 185 can achieve the above-mentioned sealing purpose between the rotating transmission assembly 183 and the stationary transmission assembly 184, and can reduce the leakage of the first and second cooling media from the connection between the rotating transmission assembly 183 and the stationary transmission assembly 184.

[0048] Specifically, the cold medium transfer mechanism 18 includes a first medium transfer mechanism for transferring a first cooling medium to the rotor core 13 and a second cold medium transfer mechanism for transferring a second cooling medium to the rotor winding 14. The first medium transfer mechanism includes a first rotating transfer component and a first stationary transfer component rotatably connected to the first rotating transfer component. The second medium transfer mechanism includes a second rotating transfer component and a second stationary transfer component rotatably connected to the second rotating transfer component. A first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber are formed at both ends of the rotor shaft 12, respectively. At least a portion of the first rotating transfer component is installed in the first mounting chamber, and at least a portion of the second rotating transfer component is installed in the second mounting chamber.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only some preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A rotor, comprising: Rotor housing, which encloses and forms a receiving space; A rotor shaft, at least a portion of which is located within the receiving space; The rotor core is located within the accommodating space and outside the rotor shaft; The rotor winding is located within the accommodating space and outside the rotor core. Its features are: The rotor has three coaxially distributed zones: a normal temperature zone, a first low temperature zone, and a second low temperature zone. The first low temperature zone is located between the normal temperature zone and the second low temperature zone. The temperature of the first low temperature zone is lower than that of the normal temperature zone, and the temperature of the second low temperature zone is lower than that of the first low temperature zone. The rotor shaft is located in the normal temperature zone, the rotor core is located in the first low temperature zone, and the rotor winding is located in the second low temperature zone.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor also forms a winding sealing canister, a first heat insulation layer, and a second heat insulation layer. The winding sealing canister is located between the rotor core and the rotor housing. The rotor winding is installed inside the winding sealing canister. The first heat insulation layer is located between the rotor shaft and the rotor core. The second heat insulation layer is located between the rotor core and the winding sealing canister. A first low-temperature zone is formed between the first heat insulation layer and the second heat insulation layer. A second low-temperature zone is formed inside the winding sealing canister. The rotor shaft and the first heat insulation layer, the first heat insulation layer and the rotor core, the rotor core and the second heat insulation layer, and the second heat insulation layer and the winding sealing tank are all circumferentially connected by a toothed structure and a grooved structure.

3. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winding sealing tank consists of an inner winding sealing layer, an outer winding sealing layer, and winding end plates located on both sides. The outer winding sealing layer is located outside the inner winding sealing layer, and the winding end plates are connected to both the inner winding sealing layer and the outer winding sealing layer. The inner sealing layer of the winding includes a plurality of inner sealing portions arranged along the axial direction and inner corrugated portions connected to adjacent inner sealing portions of the winding; the outer sealing layer of the winding includes a plurality of outer sealing portions arranged along the axial direction and outer corrugated portions connected to adjacent outer sealing portions of the winding. The first heat insulation layer includes a plurality of first heat insulation portions arranged axially and separated from each other; the second heat insulation layer includes a plurality of second heat insulation portions arranged axially and separated from each other; and the rotor core includes a plurality of rotor core portions arranged axially and separated from each other.

4. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor shaft has several shaft fixing holes, the inner and outer sides of the first heat insulation layer have several first heat insulation inner holes and several first heat insulation outer holes respectively, the inner and outer sides of the rotor core have several core inner holes and core outer holes respectively, the second heat insulation layer has several through second heat insulation holes, and the inner side of the winding sealing tank has several winding sealing holes. A first fixing channel is formed between the rotating shaft fixing hole and the first heat insulation inner hole, a second fixing channel is formed between the first heat insulation outer hole and the iron core inner hole, and a third channel is formed between the iron core outer hole, the second heat insulation hole and the winding sealing hole; The rotor includes a plurality of first fixed columns, a plurality of second fixed columns, and a plurality of third fixed columns. The first fixed columns are installed in the first fixed channel, the second fixed columns are installed in the second fixed channel, and the third fixed columns are installed in the third fixed channel.

5. The rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third fixing column includes a cylindrical isolation layer, a filling part, and a connecting part. The filling part is located inside the heat insulation layer, the connecting part is connected to the end of the filling part, the heat insulation layer is connected to the outer hole of the rotor core, and the connecting part is connected to the winding sealing tank.

6. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor core contains several first medium flow channels that extend axially and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core. The rotor winding includes several coil mounting bases and several superconducting coils installed in the coil mounting bases, and a second dielectric flow channel extending axially is formed in the coil mounting bases.

7. The rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotor also includes two cold medium transmission mechanisms. One cold medium transmission mechanism is connected to the first medium flow channel in the rotor core and forms the first low temperature zone in the rotor core. The other cold medium transmission mechanism is connected to the second medium flow channel in the coil fixing seat and forms the second low temperature zone in the winding sealing can. An installation chamber is formed at each end of the rotor shaft, and at least a portion of the cold medium transmission mechanism is installed in the installation chamber.

8. The rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cold medium transmission mechanism includes a cold medium input pipe, a cold medium output pipe, a rotating transmission component, and a stationary transmission component. One end of the cold medium input pipe is connected to the rotating transmission component, and the other end of the cold medium input pipe is connected to the first medium flow channel or the second medium flow channel. One end of the cold medium output pipe is connected to the rotating transmission component, and the other end of the cold medium output pipe is connected to the first medium flow channel or the second medium flow channel. The rotating transmission component and the stationary transmission component are rotatably connected. The rotating transmission component is disposed outside the stationary transmission component, or the stationary transmission component is sleeved outside the rotating transmission component. The rotating transmission component and the stationary transmission component are sealed by magnetohydrodynamics.

9. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling medium transmission mechanism includes a first medium transmission mechanism for transmitting a first cooling medium to the rotor core and a second cooling medium transmission mechanism for transmitting a second cooling medium to the rotor winding. The first medium transmission mechanism includes a first rotating transmission component, and the second medium transmission mechanism includes a second rotating transmission component. A first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber are respectively formed at both ends of the rotor shaft. At least a portion of the first rotating transmission component is installed in the first mounting chamber, and at least a portion of the second rotating transmission component is installed in the second mounting chamber.

10. A superconducting motor, characterized in that: The superconducting motor includes a motor stator and a rotor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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