Energy-saving operation system of cabinet air conditioner and fresh air integration

Abstract

This invention relates to an integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air systems, belonging to the field of cabinet environmental control technology. It includes a cabinet body, an integrated cooling and fresh air unit, a sensing and detection unit, an airflow switching unit, and a central control unit. The cabinet body has a sealed equipment housing cavity, with return air and supply air interfaces on the cavity. Through an integrated flow channel design, this invention forms a closed-loop airflow path: cabinet return air – return air mixing cavity – processing unit – supply air static pressure cavity – cabinet supply air. This shared airflow system achieves a high degree of integration. Combined with coupled and coordinated control based on multiple parameters such as indoor and outdoor enthalpy difference, cabinet load, temperature, and humidity, it enables seamless switching and hierarchical coordination between 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, mixed air pre-cooling mode, and compression cooling mode. This maximizes the utilization of natural cooling sources, allowing for complete or near-complete utilization of natural cooling sources during winter and transitional seasons, fully tapping energy-saving potential, significantly reducing cooling energy consumption, and achieving remarkable energy-saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply, belonging to the field of cabinet environmental control technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the digital economy, the scale of data centers, communication base stations, and industrial automation systems continues to expand. As the core carrier of electronic equipment, the temperature and humidity control of the internal environment of the cabinet directly determines the operational stability and service life of the electronic equipment.

[0003] Currently, server rack environmental control mainly relies on rack air conditioners (compression refrigeration) for cooling and dehumidification, while the fresh air system serves only as an auxiliary ventilation device. These two systems operate independently, which, while meeting normal usage needs, still has several drawbacks: First, energy consumption remains high. Traditional rack air conditioners operate in mechanical refrigeration mode year-round, failing to fully utilize natural cooling sources even during winter and transitional seasons when outdoor temperatures are low. Cooling energy consumption accounts for nearly half of the rack's overall energy consumption, failing to meet the energy conservation and emission reduction requirements under the current dual-carbon policy. Meanwhile, the independent fresh air system only provides simple ventilation and cannot coordinate with the air conditioning system, resulting in extremely low utilization of natural cooling sources. Second, integration is low, and energy-saving potential is not fully explored. Existing integrated equipment only achieves simple structural splicing without deep coupling of airflow and control logic. Relying solely on a single temperature parameter switching logic, it cannot achieve graded coordinated operation of the fresh air natural cooling source and mechanical refrigeration, nor can it achieve a hybrid operation mode of fresh air pre-cooling + air conditioning auxiliary cooling. During transitional seasons, it cannot maximize the utilization of natural cooling sources, resulting in limited energy-saving effects. Based on this, the present invention provides an integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by this invention are: high energy consumption, low integration level, insufficient energy-saving potential, independent operation of cabinet air conditioning and fresh air system, inability to form coordinated control, lack of deep coupling of air path and control logic, inability to achieve graded coordinated operation of fresh air natural cold source and mechanical refrigeration, inability to achieve mixed operation mode of fresh air pre-cooling + air conditioning auxiliary cooling, inability to maximize the use of natural cold source in transitional seasons, extremely low utilization rate of natural cold source, and limited energy-saving effect.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air, including a cabinet body, an integrated cooling and fresh air unit, a sensing and detection unit, an air path switching unit, and a central control unit.

[0006] The cabinet body is provided with a sealed equipment housing cavity, and the equipment housing cavity is provided with a return air interface and an air supply interface;

[0007] The integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit is integrated into the side or top of the cabinet body. The integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit has interconnected fresh air handling channels, compressed cooling channels, return air mixing chambers, and supply air static pressure chambers. The air inlet of the fresh air handling channel is connected to the outdoor environment, and the air outlet is connected to the return air mixing chamber. The return air end of the compressed cooling channel is connected to the return air mixing chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the supply air static pressure chamber. The return air mixing chamber is connected to the equipment housing cavity of the cabinet body through a return air interface, and the supply air static pressure chamber is connected to the equipment housing cavity of the cabinet body through an air supply interface.

[0008] The air path switching unit is located inside the integrated cooling fresh air unit and is used to adjust the air path opening and closing and air volume ratio between the fresh air handling flow channel, the compressed cooling flow channel and the return air mixing chamber.

[0009] The sensing and detection unit includes an indoor detection component installed inside the cabinet body, an outdoor detection component installed in the outdoor environment, and an in-unit detection component installed inside the integrated cooling and fresh air unit; the indoor detection component, the outdoor detection component, and the in-unit detection component are all electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0010] The central control unit is electrically connected to the air path switching unit and the actuator of the integrated cooling fresh air unit, respectively. It is used to control the operation of the air path switching unit and the operation mode of the integrated cooling fresh air unit according to the real-time parameters collected by the sensing and detection unit, so as to realize the coordinated energy-saving operation of the fresh air natural cold source and the compression mechanical refrigeration.

[0011] Furthermore, the fresh air handling duct is provided with a primary filter module, a medium-efficiency filter module, a fresh air regulating valve, and a fresh air fan in sequence along the air inlet to air outlet direction; the fresh air regulating valve is electrically connected to the central control unit and is used to regulate the fresh air intake volume of the fresh air handling duct.

[0012] Furthermore, the compression refrigeration channel includes a vapor compression refrigeration cycle assembly, which includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttling element connected sequentially through refrigerant pipelines; the evaporator is located between the return air end and the supply air end of the compression refrigeration channel and is used to exchange heat and cool the flowing air; the compressor is electrically connected to a central control unit, which can adjust the operating frequency of the compressor.

[0013] Furthermore, the airflow switching unit includes a return air regulating valve, a mixing air regulating valve, and a bypass regulating valve; the return air regulating valve is installed on the pipeline between the return air interface and the return air mixing chamber, and is used to regulate the airflow of the cabinet return air; the mixing air regulating valve is installed on the pipeline between the fresh air handling channel and the return air mixing chamber, and is used to regulate the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air; the bypass regulating valve is installed on the bypass pipeline between the return air mixing chamber and the supply air static pressure chamber, and is used to control whether the airflow of the return air mixing chamber directly enters the supply air static pressure chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the indoor detection component includes at least one set of indoor temperature and humidity sensors, a rack load monitoring module, and a dew point temperature sensor. The indoor temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect real-time temperature and humidity data within the equipment housing of the rack body. The rack load monitoring module is used to collect real-time operating power data of the equipment within the rack. The dew point temperature sensor is used to collect dew point temperature data of the airflow within the rack. The outdoor detection component includes an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor and an outdoor dew point temperature sensor, used to collect real-time temperature, humidity, and dew point temperature data of the outdoor environment. The unit-in-unit detection component includes an evaporator surface temperature sensor, a filter differential pressure sensor, a fan speed sensor, and a compressor pressure sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the central control unit has a built-in enthalpy difference calculation module, a mode matching module, and a PID adjustment module; the enthalpy difference calculation module is used to calculate the indoor and outdoor air enthalpy values ​​and enthalpy difference based on indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data; the mode matching module is used to match the corresponding operating mode based on enthalpy difference, cabinet load, and dew point temperature data; the PID adjustment module is used to perform closed-loop adjustment of air volume and cooling capacity based on the set temperature and humidity thresholds.

[0016] Furthermore, the operating modes include a 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, a mixed-air pre-cooling mode, a compression cooling mode, and a standby mode. In the 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel to be fully open, the bypass regulating valve to be fully open, and the compression cooling channel to be closed. The outdoor fresh air is filtered and mixed with the rack return air, and directly sent into the rack body for natural cooling. In the mixed-air pre-cooling mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel and the bypass regulating valve to be partially open, adjusts the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air, uses the natural cold source of fresh air to pre-cool the return air, and controls the compression cooling channel to operate at low frequency according to the temperature and humidity requirements inside the rack. In the compression cooling mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel to be closed, the bypass regulating valve to be closed, and the compression cooling channel to operate at full power. The rack return air is cooled and dehumidified by the compression cooling channel and then sent into the rack body.

[0017] Furthermore, the central control unit also has a built-in anti-condensation protection module, which is used to compare the evaporator surface temperature, the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, and the outdoor fresh air dew point temperature in real time. When the evaporator surface temperature is lower than the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, the compressor operating frequency and fan speed are adjusted to increase the evaporator surface temperature. When the outdoor fresh air dew point temperature is higher than the set temperature threshold inside the cabinet, the fresh air intake is turned off or reduced to prevent condensation.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a remote communication unit, which is electrically connected to the central control unit and is used to upload system operation data to the remote monitoring platform and receive remote control commands; the remote communication unit supports one or more communication methods among 4G / 5G, Ethernet, and LoRa.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention, through an integrated flow channel design, forms a closed-loop airflow path consisting of cabinet return air - return air mixing chamber - processing unit - supply air static pressure chamber - cabinet air supply. This shared airflow system boasts a high degree of integration. Coupled with multi-parameter coupling and coordinated control based on indoor and outdoor enthalpy difference, cabinet load, temperature and humidity, dew point temperature, and other parameters, it enables seamless switching and hierarchical coordination between fresh air energy-saving mode, mixed air pre-cooling mode, and compression cooling mode. This maximizes the utilization of natural cold sources, allowing for complete or near-complete utilization of natural cold sources during winter and transitional seasons, fully tapping into energy-saving potential, significantly reducing cooling energy consumption, and demonstrating remarkable energy-saving effects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a block diagram showing the overall system module connection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal flow channel of the integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the sensing and detection unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the central control unit function modules of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the operation mode switching process of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the overall system control flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Example 1

[0029] As per the instruction manual Figure 1-4 As shown: This embodiment provides an integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air, including a cabinet body, an integrated cooling and fresh air unit, a sensing and detection unit, an air path switching unit, and a central control unit;

[0030] The cabinet body has a sealed equipment housing cavity inside. The top of the equipment housing cavity has a return air interface and the bottom has an air supply interface, forming an airflow organization pattern of bottom supply and top return, which meets the heat dissipation requirements of the cabinet body and can effectively prevent the generation of hot spots inside the cabinet.

[0031] The integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit is installed on the top of the cabinet body. The shell of the integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit is made of sheet metal. The interior is divided by partitions to form interconnected fresh air handling channels, compressed cooling channels, return air mixing chamber and supply air static pressure chamber.

[0032] The fresh air handling duct connects to the outdoor environment at its inlet end via a duct and to the return air mixing chamber at its outlet end. Along the inlet-outlet direction, the fresh air handling duct is sequentially equipped with a pre-filter module, a medium-efficiency filter module, a fresh air regulating valve, and a fresh air fan. The pre-filter module uses a G4-grade pre-filter, and the medium-efficiency filter module uses an F8-grade medium-efficiency filter, effectively filtering dust and particulate matter in the outdoor fresh air with a filtration efficiency of over 95%, preventing pollutants from entering the cabinet and contaminating electronic components. The fresh air regulating valve is an electrically operated proportional regulating valve, allowing for 0-100% opening adjustment. The fresh air fan is an EC DC inverter fan, enabling stepless speed adjustment. Both are electrically connected to the central control unit for precise adjustment of the fresh air intake.

[0033] The return air end of the compression refrigeration flow channel connects to the return air mixing chamber, and the outlet air end connects to the supply air static pressure chamber. The compression refrigeration flow channel incorporates a vapor compression refrigeration cycle assembly, which includes an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and throttling element connected sequentially via refrigerant piping. The evaporator is a tube-fin heat exchanger, horizontally positioned between the return air end and the supply air end of the compression refrigeration flow channel. Airflow passing through the return air mixing chamber can pass through the evaporator for heat exchange, cooling, and dehumidification. The compressor is a DC inverter scroll compressor, electrically connected to a central control unit. The central control unit can adjust the compressor's operating frequency to achieve stepless adjustment of the cooling capacity from 10% to 100%. The condenser is located on the outdoor side of the integrated refrigeration fresh air unit, employing an air-cooled condenser that exchanges heat with the outdoor environment via a condenser fan. The throttling element is an electronic expansion valve, enabling precise adjustment of the refrigerant flow rate.

[0034] The return air mixing chamber is connected to the equipment housing chamber of the cabinet body through the return air interface, and the supply air static pressure chamber is connected to the equipment housing chamber of the cabinet body through the supply air interface, forming a complete closed-loop air path; the supply air static pressure chamber is equipped with a supply air fan, which adopts an EC DC inverter fan and is electrically connected to the central control unit to provide power for the air supply to the cabinet.

[0035] The airflow switching unit is located inside the integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit and includes a return air regulating valve, a mixing air regulating valve, and a bypass regulating valve. The return air regulating valve is located on the duct between the return air inlet and the return air mixing chamber, and is an electrically operated proportional regulating valve used to regulate the airflow of the cabinet return air. The mixing air regulating valve is located on the duct between the fresh air handling channel and the return air mixing chamber, and is an electrically operated proportional regulating valve used to regulate the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air. The bypass regulating valve is located on the bypass duct between the return air mixing chamber and the supply air static pressure chamber, and is an electrically operated on / off valve used to control whether the airflow in the return air mixing chamber directly enters the supply air static pressure chamber, achieving direct air supply without compression refrigeration. The return air regulating valve, the mixing air regulating valve, and the bypass regulating valve are all electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0036] The sensing and detection unit includes an indoor detection component installed inside the cabinet, an outdoor detection component installed in the outdoor environment, and an in-unit detection component installed inside the integrated cooling and fresh air unit. All indoor, outdoor, and in-unit detection components are electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0037] The indoor monitoring components include three sets of indoor temperature and humidity sensors, a rack load monitoring module, and a dew point temperature sensor. The three sets of indoor temperature and humidity sensors are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the rack to collect real-time temperature and humidity data from different locations within the rack, avoiding errors from single-point detection. The rack load monitoring module is electrically connected to the power management module inside the rack to collect real-time operating power data of the equipment within the rack, thus obtaining real-time thermal load data. The dew point temperature sensor is located at the return air inlet to collect the dew point temperature data of the rack's return air.

[0038] The outdoor detection component includes an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor and an outdoor dew point temperature sensor, which are installed on the outside of the air inlet of the fresh air handling duct to collect real-time temperature, humidity and dew point temperature data of the outdoor environment.

[0039] The unit's internal detection components include an evaporator surface temperature sensor, a filter differential pressure sensor, a fan speed sensor, and a compressor pressure sensor. The evaporator surface temperature sensor is attached to the evaporator fins to collect surface temperature data. The filter differential pressure sensor has two detection terminals located on the inlet and outlet sides of the primary filter module to collect inlet and outlet pressure difference data. When the pressure difference exceeds a set threshold, it indicates filter blockage and issues a replacement warning. The fan speed sensors are located at the motors of the fresh air fan, supply air fan, and condenser fan to monitor their operating speed and status. The compressor pressure sensors include a high-pressure sensor and a low-pressure sensor, located at the compressor's exhaust and intake ports respectively, to monitor the operating pressure of the refrigeration system and provide early warnings for high-pressure and low-pressure faults.

[0040] The central control unit uses a PLC controller, which has built-in enthalpy difference calculation module, mode matching module, PID control module, and anti-condensation protection module. The enthalpy difference calculation module is used to calculate the enthalpy and enthalpy difference of indoor and outdoor air based on the air enthalpy calculation formula according to indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data. The mode matching module has built-in preset mode switching logic, which is used to match the corresponding operating mode according to enthalpy difference, cabinet load, and dew point temperature data. The PID control module is used to perform closed-loop precise adjustment of valve opening, fan speed, and compressor operating frequency according to the set target temperature and humidity threshold and combined with real-time collected temperature and humidity data. The anti-condensation protection module has built-in anti-condensation control logic, which is used to realize anti-condensation protection throughout the entire chain.

[0041] The central control unit is electrically connected to all valves of the air path switching unit and all actuators (fan, compressor, electronic expansion valve, etc.) of the integrated cooling fresh air unit. It is used to control the operation of the air path switching unit and the operating mode of the integrated cooling fresh air unit according to the real-time parameters collected by the sensing and detection unit, so as to realize the coordinated energy-saving operation of the fresh air natural cold source and the compression mechanical refrigeration.

[0042] In this embodiment, the system's operating modes include 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, mixed air pre-cooling mode, compression cooling mode, and standby mode. The specific operating logic of each mode is as follows:

[0043] Fresh Air Energy Saving Mode: When the outdoor air enthalpy is more than 20 kJ / kg lower than the air enthalpy inside the cabinet, and the outdoor dew point temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold inside the cabinet (set to 18℃ in this embodiment), and the cabinet heat load is less than 50% of the rated load, the mode matching module matches the fresh air energy saving mode. At this time, the central control unit controls the fresh air regulating valve, mixing air regulating valve, return air regulating valve, and bypass regulating valve to be fully opened, and the compression refrigeration cycle components stop operating; the fresh air fan and the supply air fan start, and the outdoor fresh air passes through the primary air supply fan. After being filtered by the high-efficiency and medium-efficiency filter modules, the air enters the return air mixing chamber, where it is fully mixed with the return air from the cabinet. Then, it enters the supply air static pressure chamber directly through the bypass pipe and is delivered to the bottom of the cabinet body through the supply air interface to cool the equipment inside the cabinet. The heated air returns to the return air mixing chamber through the return air interface at the top, forming a closed-loop air path. In this mode, the cabinet is cooled entirely by outdoor natural cold source, the compressor operates at zero speed, and the cooling energy consumption is only the energy consumption of the fan. Compared with the traditional mechanical cooling mode, energy consumption is reduced by more than 90%.

[0044] Mixed-air pre-cooling mode: When the outdoor air enthalpy is 5-20 kJ / kg lower than the air enthalpy inside the rack, and the outdoor dew point temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold inside the rack, while the rack's heat load is 50%-80% of the rated load, the mode matching module matches the mixed-air pre-cooling mode. At this time, the central control unit partially opens the fresh air regulating valve, mixed-air regulating valve, and return air regulating valve to adjust the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air. The bypass regulating valve partially opens, and the compression refrigeration cycle component is started, controlling the compressor to run at low frequency. Outdoor fresh air is filtered and then enters the return air mixing chamber, where it mixes with the return air from the server rack. The natural cooling source of the fresh air is used to pre-cool the return air. Part of the pre-cooled airflow enters the supply air static pressure chamber directly through the bypass pipe, while the other part passes through the evaporator for secondary cooling and dehumidification before entering the supply air static pressure chamber. After mixing, the air is sent into the server rack. In this mode, the natural cooling source is used to the maximum extent to pre-cool the return air. The cooling capacity is supplemented only by the low-frequency operation of the compressor, which can significantly reduce the operating power of the compressor. Compared with the pure mechanical cooling mode, energy consumption is significantly reduced.

[0045] Compression cooling mode: When the outdoor air enthalpy is higher than the air enthalpy inside the cabinet, or the outdoor dew point temperature is higher than the set temperature threshold inside the cabinet, or the cabinet heat load is higher than 80% of the rated load, the mode matching module matches the compression cooling mode. At this time, the central control unit controls the fresh air regulating valve, mixing air regulating valve, and bypass regulating valve to be completely closed, and the return air regulating valve to be fully open. The compression cooling cycle components operate at full power. The cabinet return air enters the return air mixing chamber through the return air interface, passes through the evaporator for cooling and dehumidification, and then enters the supply air static pressure chamber, which is then sent into the cabinet body to cool the equipment, forming a closed cooling cycle. In this mode, the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet are controlled entirely through mechanical refrigeration, which can meet the cooling needs of the cabinet under high temperature and high humidity conditions in summer and when the cabinet is under high load. At the same time, by closing the fresh air duct, the risk of condensation caused by high humidity fresh air entering the cabinet is completely avoided.

[0046] Standby mode: When the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet are lower than the set target threshold and the heat load of the cabinet is extremely low, the mode matching module matches the standby mode. At this time, all execution components of the system stop running, and only the sensor detection unit and the central control unit retain standby monitoring. When the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet exceed the set threshold, the system is automatically woken up and enters the corresponding operating mode.

[0047] In this embodiment, the specific control logic of the anti-condensation protection module is as follows:

[0048] The anti-condensation protection module collects the evaporator surface temperature, cabinet dew point temperature, and outdoor fresh air dew point temperature in real time.

[0049] First, evaporator anti-condensation control: When the surface temperature of the evaporator is more than 1°C lower than the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, the anti-condensation protection module sends an adjustment command to the central control unit. The central control unit increases the minimum operating frequency of the compressor and increases the speed of the air supply fan to increase the air volume passing through the evaporator and raise the surface temperature of the evaporator so that it is always higher than the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, thus preventing condensation on the surface of the evaporator.

[0050] Second, fresh air anti-condensation control: When the outdoor fresh air dew point temperature is higher than the temperature threshold set inside the cabinet, regardless of the outdoor temperature, the anti-condensation protection module sends an instruction to the central control unit to close the fresh air regulating valve and the mixed air regulating valve, stop the fresh air introduction, and switch to the compression cooling mode to prevent high humidity fresh air from entering the cabinet and causing condensation on the surface of electronic components.

[0051] Third, anti-condensation control inside the cabinet: When the relative humidity inside the cabinet is higher than the set threshold (70%RH in this embodiment), the central control unit controls the compressor to appropriately increase the operating frequency, reduce the temperature of the evaporator, and perform deep dehumidification of the return air. At the same time, the auxiliary electric heater set in the supply air static pressure chamber is activated to slightly increase the temperature of the supply air, thereby controlling the relative humidity inside the cabinet within the set range and avoiding the risk of condensation in a high humidity environment.

[0052] In this embodiment, a remote communication unit is also included. The remote communication unit adopts a 4G communication module and is electrically connected to the central control unit. It is used to upload the system's operating data and fault warning information to the cloud remote monitoring platform in real time. At the same time, it can receive control commands issued by the remote monitoring platform to realize functions such as remote parameter setting, mode switching, and fault diagnosis. In addition, it can realize cluster monitoring and unified management of multiple cabinets, and is suitable for large-scale application scenarios with multiple cabinets such as data centers and communication base stations. Example 2

[0053] As per the instruction manual Figure 5-6 As shown: This embodiment provides an energy-saving operation method for integrated cabinet air conditioning and fresh air systems, applied to the integrated energy-saving operation system for integrated cabinet air conditioning and fresh air systems in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. System initialization: Through the human-machine interface of the central control unit, set the target temperature and humidity threshold in the cabinet (in this embodiment, the temperature is set to 23±2℃ and the relative humidity to 40%-60%RH), the anti-condensation protection threshold, and the switching parameter thresholds for each operating mode. At the same time, complete the self-test of each component of the system.

[0055] S2. After the system starts, the sensor detection unit collects real-time operating data in all dimensions, including multi-point temperature and humidity in the cabinet, real-time load of the cabinet, indoor and outdoor dew point temperature, indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, evaporator surface temperature, filter pressure difference, fan speed, compressor operating pressure, etc., and transmits the collected data to the central control unit in real time.

[0056] S3. The enthalpy difference calculation module of the central control unit calculates the enthalpy value and enthalpy difference of indoor and outdoor air based on the collected indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data. The mode matching module combines the calculated enthalpy difference, real-time load of the cabinet, and dew point temperature data, and matches the corresponding operating mode according to the preset switching logic.

[0057] S4. The central control unit sends control commands to each valve, each fan, and the compression refrigeration cycle component of the air path switching unit according to the matched operating mode, and adjusts the opening degree of each valve, the speed of each fan, the operating frequency and start / stop status of the compressor to achieve coordinated energy-saving operation of fresh air natural cold source and mechanical refrigeration.

[0058] S5. During system operation, the system operating status and environmental parameters inside the cabinet are monitored in real time. The anti-condensation protection module executes the anti-condensation protection logic in real time. When the parameters exceed the set threshold, the central control unit dynamically adjusts the operating parameters or switches the operating mode. At the same time, when the filter pressure difference exceeds the threshold, the fan speed is abnormal, or the compressor pressure is abnormal, a fault warning message is issued and uploaded to the remote monitoring platform through the remote communication unit.

[0059] S6. The system cyclically executes steps S2-S5 to achieve continuous closed-loop control and energy-saving operation.

[0060] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0061] With its deeply integrated structure, this invention significantly reduces installation and maintenance costs. It integrates the fresh air handling duct, the compressed cooling duct, the return air mixing chamber, and the supply air static pressure chamber into an integrated cooling and fresh air unit, sharing a common air duct system. It can be directly installed on the side or top of the cabinet without occupying additional server room space, greatly reducing the size of the equipment. At the same time, the integrated design enables a unified design of the circuit and air duct, reducing the workload of installation and wiring, and lowering the later maintenance costs.

[0062] Multi-parameter coupled and coordinated control maximizes the use of natural cold sources, resulting in significant energy savings. This invention uses coupled control based on multiple parameters such as indoor and outdoor enthalpy difference, cabinet load, temperature and humidity, and dew point temperature. It breaks through the traditional switching logic of a single temperature parameter and can achieve seamless switching and hierarchical coordination between fresh air energy-saving mode, mixed air pre-cooling mode, and compression refrigeration mode. In winter and transitional seasons, it can fully or mostly utilize natural cold sources, significantly reducing the compressor's running time and power. Compared with traditional independent cabinet air conditioners and fresh air systems, cooling energy consumption can be greatly reduced, resulting in significant energy savings.

[0063] The invention provides end-to-end anti-condensation control to ensure safe equipment operation. Through the built-in anti-condensation protection module, it monitors the evaporator surface temperature and indoor and outdoor dew point temperatures in real time. It achieves end-to-end anti-condensation control from three dimensions: fresh air intake, evaporator heat exchange, and cabinet environment. This can effectively avoid problems such as condensation inside the cabinet and evaporator caused by the introduction of fresh air in high humidity environments, and ensure the safe operation of electronic equipment inside the cabinet.

[0064] With optimized airflow organization and high cooling capacity utilization, this invention forms a closed-loop airflow path through an integrated flow channel design, consisting of a cabinet return air-return air mixing chamber-processing unit-supply air static pressure chamber-cabinet supply air. The airflow ratio can be precisely adjusted through the airflow switching unit. Combined with PID closed-loop regulation, precise control of temperature and humidity inside the cabinet can be achieved, effectively avoiding the generation of hot spots inside the cabinet and improving cooling capacity utilization.

[0065] With full-state online monitoring and high operational reliability, this invention achieves comprehensive monitoring of environmental parameters and equipment operating status through a sensing and detection unit. It can identify problems such as filter blockage, fan failure, and abnormal compressor pressure in real time, and provide fault warnings and adaptive adjustments, significantly improving the reliability of system operation. At the same time, through the remote communication unit, it can realize cluster monitoring and remote management of multiple cabinets, adapting to large-scale application scenarios such as data centers and communication base stations, and has strong practicality and promotional value.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply, characterized in that: It includes the cabinet body, integrated cooling and fresh air unit, sensor detection unit, air path switching unit and central control unit; The cabinet body is provided with a sealed equipment housing cavity, and the equipment housing cavity is provided with a return air interface and an air supply interface; The integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit is integrated into the side or top of the cabinet body. The integrated cooling and fresh air handling unit has interconnected fresh air handling channels, compressed cooling channels, return air mixing chambers, and supply air static pressure chambers. The air inlet of the fresh air handling channel is connected to the outdoor environment, and the air outlet is connected to the return air mixing chamber. The return air end of the compressed cooling channel is connected to the return air mixing chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the supply air static pressure chamber. The return air mixing chamber is connected to the equipment housing cavity of the cabinet body through a return air interface, and the supply air static pressure chamber is connected to the equipment housing cavity of the cabinet body through an air supply interface. The air path switching unit is located inside the integrated cooling fresh air unit and is used to adjust the air path opening and closing and air volume ratio between the fresh air handling flow channel, the compressed cooling flow channel and the return air mixing chamber. The sensing and detection unit includes an indoor detection component installed inside the cabinet body, an outdoor detection component installed in the outdoor environment, and an in-unit detection component installed inside the integrated cooling and fresh air unit; the indoor detection component, the outdoor detection component, and the in-unit detection component are all electrically connected to the central control unit. The central control unit is electrically connected to the air path switching unit and the actuator of the integrated cooling fresh air unit, respectively. It is used to control the operation of the air path switching unit and the operation mode of the integrated cooling fresh air unit according to the real-time parameters collected by the sensing and detection unit, so as to realize the coordinated energy-saving operation of the fresh air natural cold source and the compression mechanical refrigeration.

2. The integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh air treatment duct is provided with a primary filter module, a medium-efficiency filter module, a fresh air regulating valve, and a fresh air fan in sequence along the air inlet to air outlet direction; the fresh air regulating valve is electrically connected to the central control unit and is used to regulate the fresh air intake volume of the fresh air treatment duct.

3. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression refrigeration channel includes a vapor compression refrigeration cycle assembly, which includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttling element connected sequentially through refrigerant pipelines. The evaporator is located between the return air end and the supply air end of the compression refrigeration channel and is used to exchange heat and cool the airflow. The compressor is electrically connected to a central control unit, which can adjust the operating frequency of the compressor.

4. The integrated energy-saving operating system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow switching unit includes a return air regulating valve, a mixing air regulating valve, and a bypass regulating valve. The return air regulating valve is installed on the pipeline between the return air interface and the return air mixing chamber, and is used to regulate the airflow of the cabinet return air. The mixing air regulating valve is installed on the pipeline between the fresh air handling channel and the return air mixing chamber, and is used to regulate the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air. The bypass regulating valve is installed on the bypass pipeline between the return air mixing chamber and the supply air static pressure chamber, and is used to control whether the airflow of the return air mixing chamber directly enters the supply air static pressure chamber.

5. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indoor detection component includes at least one set of indoor temperature and humidity sensors, a rack load monitoring module, and a dew point temperature sensor. The indoor temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect real-time temperature and humidity data within the equipment housing of the rack body. The rack load monitoring module is used to collect real-time operating power data of the equipment within the rack. The dew point temperature sensor is used to collect dew point temperature data of the airflow within the rack. The outdoor detection component includes an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor and an outdoor dew point temperature sensor, used to collect real-time temperature, humidity, and dew point temperature data of the outdoor environment. The unit-in-unit detection component includes an evaporator surface temperature sensor, a filter differential pressure sensor, a fan speed sensor, and a compressor pressure sensor.

6. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central control unit has a built-in enthalpy difference calculation module, a mode matching module, and a PID adjustment module. The enthalpy difference calculation module is used to calculate the indoor and outdoor air enthalpy values ​​and enthalpy difference based on indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data. The mode matching module is used to match the corresponding operating mode based on enthalpy difference, cabinet load, and dew point temperature data. The PID adjustment module is used to perform closed-loop adjustment of air volume and cooling capacity based on the set temperature and humidity thresholds.

7. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operating modes include a 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, a mixed-air pre-cooling mode, a compression cooling mode, and a standby mode. In the 100% fresh air energy-saving mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel to be fully open, the bypass regulating valve to be fully open, and the compression cooling channel to be closed. The outdoor fresh air is filtered and mixed with the rack return air, and directly sent into the rack body for natural cooling. In the mixed-air pre-cooling mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel and the bypass regulating valve to be partially open, adjusts the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air, uses the natural cold source of fresh air to pre-cool the return air, and controls the compression cooling channel to operate at low frequency according to the temperature and humidity requirements inside the rack. In the compression cooling mode, the central control unit controls the fresh air handling channel to be closed, the bypass regulating valve to be closed, and the compression cooling channel to operate at full power. The rack return air is cooled and dehumidified by the compression cooling channel before being sent into the rack body.

8. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central control unit also has a built-in anti-condensation protection module, which is used to compare the evaporator surface temperature, the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, and the outdoor fresh air dew point temperature in real time. When the evaporator surface temperature is lower than the dew point temperature inside the cabinet, the compressor operating frequency and fan speed are adjusted to increase the evaporator surface temperature. When the outdoor fresh air dew point temperature is higher than the set temperature threshold inside the cabinet, the fresh air intake is turned off or reduced to prevent condensation.

9. The integrated energy-saving operation system for cabinet air conditioning and fresh air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a remote communication unit, which is electrically connected to the central control unit and is used to upload system operation data to the remote monitoring platform and receive remote control commands; the remote communication unit supports one or more communication methods among 4G / 5G, Ethernet, and LoRa.

Images