A power supply system and method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system and method. The power supply system includes a solar power generation system, a gravity energy storage system, and an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system presets a power generation threshold and dynamically controls the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy based on the difference between the real-time solar power generation and the threshold, thus stabilizing the combined output power. The gravity energy storage unit adopts a symmetrical double-sloped support tower and a dual energy storage structure design, achieving bidirectional conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy through a clutch mechanism. The intelligent control unit dynamically adjusts the floating threshold based on predicted wind speed and historical power fluctuation rate, improving the system's adaptability to different wind fields. The coordinated control of power generation and energy storage solves the intermittency problem of wind power generation, reduces the amplitude of output power fluctuations, and the bidirectional energy conversion mechanism can achieve peak shaving and valley filling, releasing energy to supply power during peak electricity demand and storing energy during off-peak times, improving the overall energy efficiency of the power grid and avoiding energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage systems and power supply systems, specifically to a power supply system and method that combines solar power generation and gravity energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure transitions towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, solar power, as a crucial component of renewable energy, is widely used due to its abundant resources and environmental friendliness. However, solar power generation is highly dependent on natural sunlight conditions and is significantly affected by factors such as day-night cycles, seasonal changes, and weather fluctuations. This results in strong intermittency and volatility in its power output. Power generation peaks during midday, while it drops sharply or even approaches zero at night, in the early morning, evening, or during periods of insufficient sunlight. This drastic power fluctuation directly leads to insufficient power supply stability, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of the power grid for power quality and continuous, reliable power supply. This severely restricts the large-scale grid connection and efficient utilization of solar power.

[0003] To address the intermittent nature of solar power generation, various energy storage technologies have been gradually applied in the industry to achieve smooth power generation and peak-shaving utilization of electricity. Among these, lithium battery energy storage and pumped hydro storage are relatively mature technologies, but both have significant limitations. Lithium battery energy storage is limited by the characteristics of battery materials, resulting in short cycle life, rapid capacity decay after long-term charging and discharging, significant decrease in charging and discharging efficiency under high or low temperature environments, high battery recycling costs and potential environmental risks when applied on a large scale, making it particularly difficult to meet the long-term energy storage needs of solar power generation within a single day or season. Pumped hydro storage, on the other hand, has extremely demanding geographical requirements, relying on natural water sources with a certain water level difference, with a construction period of 5-10 years, huge initial investment, and cannot be promoted in flat terrain and water-scarce areas, resulting in a serious lack of system flexibility and universality. Therefore, developing a combined power supply system and method that adapts to the characteristics of solar power generation, is not limited by geographical conditions, has a long lifespan, and is cost-controllable, combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage, is of great practical significance for solving the intermittent nature of renewable energy and improving the flexibility and reliability of power supply systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention designs a combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system, characterized by comprising: a solar power generation system, a gravity energy storage system, and an intelligent control system; the solar power generation system converts solar energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the intelligent control system; the gravity energy storage system, under the control of the intelligent control system, converts electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or converts stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy for output to the intelligent control system; the solar power generation system is connected to the gravity energy storage system through the intelligent control system; both the solar power generation system and the gravity energy storage system are connected to the power grid through the intelligent control system; the intelligent control system has a preset power generation threshold, and is used to acquire the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system, determine the difference between the real-time power generation and the threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy based on the difference, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system and the gravity energy storage system to the power grid is stabilized at the threshold.

[0005] Preferably, the gravity energy storage system includes: a support tower, a motor, a generator, ropes, an energy storage structure, and a clutch mechanism; both the motor and the generator are located at the bottom of the support tower; the support tower has a symmetrical double-sloped structure, and there are two sets of energy storage structures, which are slidably installed on the two slopes of the support tower respectively; one end of the rope is connected to the energy storage structure, and the other end of the rope is selectively connected to the motor or the generator through the clutch mechanism, wherein the clutch mechanism is connected to the intelligent control system; the motor is connected to the solar power generation system through the intelligent control system; and the generator is connected to the power grid through the intelligent control system.

[0006] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes: a power monitoring module, an energy storage status monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and a command execution module; both the power monitoring module and the energy storage status monitoring module are connected to the intelligent control module. The power monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time power generation of the solar power system, and the energy storage status monitoring module is used to monitor the location and energy storage status of the energy storage structure. The intelligent control module has a preset power generation threshold, used to determine the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power system and the threshold, and sends instructions to the command execution module. When the real-time power generation of the solar power system is greater than the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to connect the rope to the motor, driving the energy storage structure to rise along the inclined surface of the support tower; when the real-time power generation of the solar power system is equal to the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to disconnect the rope from both the motor and the generator; when the real-time power generation of the solar power system is less than the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to connect the rope to the generator, causing the energy storage structure to descend along the inclined surface of the support tower and drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0007] Preferably, a single gravity energy storage system is adapted and connected to multiple solar power generation systems; multiple solar power generation systems transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system; the intelligent control system is used to obtain the first total real-time power generation of multiple solar power generation systems in real time, determine the difference between the first total real-time power generation and a threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of multiple solar power generation systems and gravity energy storage system to the grid is stabilized at the threshold.

[0008] Preferably, multiple gravity energy storage systems are adapted and connected to multiple solar power generation systems; all multiple solar power generation systems transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system; under the control of the intelligent control system, the multiple gravity energy storage systems sequentially convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or sequentially convert the stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy for output to the intelligent control system; the intelligent control system is used to obtain the second total real-time power generation of the multiple solar power generation systems in real time, determine the difference between the second total real-time power generation and a threshold, and then control the multiple gravity energy storage systems to sequentially store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the multiple solar power generation systems and the multiple gravity energy storage systems to the grid is stabilized at the threshold.

[0009] Preferably, the power generation threshold includes a base threshold and a floating threshold, calculated using the following formula: P = P0 ± ΔP; where P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, and ΔP is the floating threshold. ΔP is related to the difference between predicted and historical light intensity and the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system. The base threshold P0 is calculated using the following formula: P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; where P1 is the average load power of the power grid during the same historical period, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power generation system, and a is a weighting coefficient, ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 based on the power grid load demand. The floating threshold ΔP is calculated using the following formula: ΔP = k × I × σ; In this equation, I represents the difference between the predicted and historical solar irradiance, σ represents the power fluctuation rate of the solar power system (calculated based on the standard deviation of historical power generation data over the past 24 hours), and k represents the adjustment coefficient, which is dynamically adjusted based on the current energy storage capacity of the gravity energy storage system. When the current energy storage capacity is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage capacity > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage capacity is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.4. The formula for calculating the difference between the predicted and historical solar irradiance, I, is as follows: I = I1 - I2; where I1 is the predicted solar irradiance for the next hour, and I2 is the historical average solar irradiance of the power grid for the same period.

[0010] Based on the same design concept, this invention also provides a power supply method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage, comprising the following steps: Step 1, connecting the solar power generation system to the gravity energy storage system through an intelligent control system, and connecting both the solar power generation system and the gravity energy storage system to the power grid through the intelligent control system; Step 2, setting a power generation threshold through the intelligent control system; Step 3, monitoring the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system and the threshold through the intelligent control system, and controlling the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy based on the difference, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system and the gravity energy storage system to the power grid is stabilized at the threshold.

[0011] Preferably, in step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system is greater than the threshold, the following operation is performed: the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system is controlled by the intelligent control system to connect the rope of the gravity energy storage system to the motor of the gravity energy storage system, thereby driving the energy storage structure of the gravity energy storage system to rise along the inclined plane of the support tower of the gravity energy storage system to store energy.

[0012] Preferably, in step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system is less than the threshold, the following operation is performed: the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system is controlled by the intelligent control system to connect the rope of the gravity energy storage system to the generator of the gravity energy storage system, so that the energy storage structure of the gravity energy storage system descends along the inclined plane of the support tower of the gravity energy storage system to release energy and drive the generator of the gravity energy storage system to generate electricity, wherein the power generation of the gravity energy storage system is equal to the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system and the threshold.

[0013] Preferably, setting the power generation threshold includes setting a base threshold and setting a floating threshold, with the following formula: P = P0 ± ΔP; where P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, and ΔP is the floating threshold. ΔP is related to the difference between the predicted and historical light intensity and the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system. The formula for setting the base threshold P0 is as follows: P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; where P1 is the average load power of the grid during the same period in history, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power generation system, and a is a weighting coefficient, which is 0.6-0.8 according to the grid load demand. The formula for setting the floating threshold ΔP is as follows: ΔP = k × I × σ; where I is the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, σ is the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system, calculated based on the standard deviation of historical power generation data over the past 24 hours, and k is the adjustment coefficient, dynamically adjusted according to the current energy storage capacity of the gravity energy storage system. When the current energy storage capacity is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage capacity > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage capacity is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.4. The formula for setting the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity I is as follows: I = I1 - I2; where I1 is the predicted light intensity for the next hour, and I2 is the historical average light intensity of the power grid for the same period.

[0014] Compared with the closest prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. This invention uses an intelligent control system to monitor the difference between solar power generation and a preset threshold in real time, dynamically controlling the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy. When solar power generation fluctuates (such as sudden increases or decreases in power due to abrupt changes in sunlight), the gravity energy storage system can respond quickly: when there is excess power, it converts the excess electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage; when there is insufficient power, it releases the potential energy to supplement power generation, thus stabilizing the combined output power within the threshold range. Compared with traditional single solar power generation systems, this combined system can reduce the amplitude of output power fluctuations by more than 30%, significantly improving the stability of grid connection and reducing the impact on the grid.

[0016] 2. The gravity energy storage system of this invention adopts a symmetrical double-sloping support tower and two sets of energy storage structures. Through the clutch control of ropes and motors or generators, bidirectional energy conversion is achieved. The symmetrical structure enables the two sets of energy storage structures to achieve mechanical balance during ascent or descent, reducing lateral stress on the support tower, improving system structural stability, and lowering the risk of equipment fatigue damage. The dual energy storage structures can alternately perform energy storage and release operations, avoiding energy loss during the start-up and shutdown of a single structure. The energy conversion efficiency is more than 20% higher than that of the traditional single-tower single-energy storage structure design. The linkage control between the clutch mechanism and the intelligent control system can precisely adjust the movement speed and position of the energy storage structures, reducing mechanical friction loss and extending the equipment service life to more than 15 years.

[0017] 3. The power generation threshold of this invention adopts a dynamic setting method of "basic threshold + floating threshold". This allows for advance adjustment of the threshold range based on historical and real-time solar irradiance data, preventing frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the energy storage system due to sudden changes in solar irradiance and reducing energy conversion losses (by more than 15%). Furthermore, the threshold width is dynamically adjusted based on the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system: the threshold range is narrowed for precise energy control when sunlight is stable, and widened to adapt to large fluctuations when sunlight is drastic, significantly improving the system's adaptability to different photovoltaic power plant environments. This mechanism maximizes the utilization of solar energy resources, avoiding the problems of "over-storage" or "insufficient energy release" in traditional fixed threshold designs, thereby increasing the overall energy utilization rate of the system by 8%-12%.

[0018] 4. The intelligent control system of this invention, through the collaborative work of the power monitoring module, the energy storage status monitoring module, and the intelligent control module, monitors the solar power generation and energy storage structure status in real time. The control logic response time achieves millisecond-level dynamic adjustment, which is superior to the second-level response speed of traditional energy storage systems. The modular design facilitates later maintenance and algorithm upgrades, and can be adapted to the characteristics of photovoltaic power stations in different regions, reducing system operation and maintenance costs by more than 20%. At the same time, the stable control of the combined output power can reduce the start-up and shutdown frequency of solar power generation equipment, reduce equipment mechanical wear, and extend the service life of the solar power generation system by 3-5 years.

[0019] 5. Gravity energy storage units adopt mechanical energy storage methods, which reduce initial investment costs and eliminate battery degradation and environmental pollution issues compared to lithium battery energy storage systems, resulting in reduced carbon emissions over the entire life cycle. The system can operate independently or be connected to the grid. In remote areas or microgrid scenarios, it can serve as a stable power source to replace diesel generators, reducing fuel consumption and maintenance costs while providing clean energy. The bidirectional energy conversion mechanism can achieve peak shaving and valley filling, releasing energy to supply power during peak electricity demand and storing energy during off-peak hours, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the grid and reducing electricity costs caused by peak-valley price differences. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity energy storage system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1-Solar power generation system, 2-Gravity energy storage system, 21-Support tower, 22-Motor, 23-Generator, 24-Rope, 25-Energy storage structure, 3-Intelligent control system, 4-Power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention provides a combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system, characterized by comprising: a solar power generation system 1, a gravity energy storage system 2, and an intelligent control system 3; the solar power generation system 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the intelligent control system 3; the gravity energy storage system 2, under the control of the intelligent control system 3, converts electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or converts stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy for output to the intelligent control system 3; the solar power generation system 1 is connected to the gravity energy storage system 2 through the intelligent control system 3; both the solar power generation system 1 and the gravity energy storage system 2 are connected to the power grid 4 through the intelligent control system 3; the intelligent control system 3 has a preset power generation threshold, and is used to acquire the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system 1, determine the difference between the real-time power generation and the threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system 2 to store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system 1 and the gravity energy storage system 2 to the power grid 4 is stabilized at the threshold. The intelligent control system monitors the difference between the solar power generation and the preset threshold in real time and dynamically controls the gravity energy storage system to store or release energy. When solar power generation fluctuates (such as sudden increases or decreases in power due to abrupt changes in sunlight), the gravity energy storage system can respond quickly: when there is excess power, it converts the excess electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage; when there is insufficient power, it releases the potential energy to supplement power generation, thus stabilizing the combined output power within the threshold range. Compared with traditional single solar power generation systems, this combined system can reduce the amplitude of output power fluctuations by more than 30%, significantly improving the stability of grid connection and reducing the impact on the grid.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the gravity energy storage system 2 includes: a support tower 21, a motor 22, a generator 23, a rope 24, an energy storage structure 25, and a clutch mechanism. The motor 22 and generator 23 are both located at the bottom of the support tower 21. The support tower 21 has a symmetrical double-sloped structure. There are two sets of energy storage structures 25, which are slidably installed on the two slopes of the support tower 21. One end of the rope 24 is connected to the energy storage structure 25, and the other end of the rope 24 is selectively connected to either the motor 22 or the generator 23 via the clutch mechanism, which is connected to an intelligent control system 3. The motor 22 is connected to the solar power generation system 1 via the intelligent control system 3. The generator 23 is connected to the power grid 4 via the intelligent control system 3. The gravity energy storage system employs a symmetrical double-sloped support tower and two sets of energy storage structures, achieving bidirectional energy conversion through the clutch control of the rope and the motor or generator. The symmetrical structure enables the two energy storage structures to achieve mechanical balance during ascent or descent, reducing lateral stress on the supporting tower, improving system structural stability, and lowering the risk of equipment fatigue damage. The dual energy storage structure can alternate between energy storage and release operations, avoiding energy loss during the start-up and shutdown of a single structure. Energy conversion efficiency is more than 20% higher than traditional single-tower single-energy storage structure designs. The coordinated control of the clutch mechanism and intelligent control system can precisely adjust the movement speed and position of the energy storage structure, reducing mechanical friction losses and extending equipment lifespan to over 15 years. The energy storage unit uses mechanical energy storage, which, compared to lithium battery energy storage systems, reduces initial investment costs and eliminates battery degradation and environmental pollution issues, resulting in reduced carbon emissions over its entire lifecycle. The system can operate independently or be connected to the grid. In remote areas or microgrid scenarios, it can serve as a stable power source to replace diesel generators, reducing fuel consumption and maintenance costs while providing clean energy. The bidirectional energy conversion mechanism enables peak shaving and valley filling, releasing energy to supply power during peak demand and storing energy during off-peak times, improving overall grid efficiency and reducing electricity costs due to peak-valley price differences.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the intelligent control system 3 includes: a power monitoring module, an energy storage status monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and a command execution module. Both the power monitoring module and the energy storage status monitoring module are connected to the intelligent control module. The power monitoring module is used to monitor the power generation of the solar power system 1 in real time, and the energy storage status monitoring module is used to monitor the position and energy storage status of the energy storage structure 25. The intelligent control module has a preset power generation threshold, used to determine the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power system 1 and the threshold, and to send instructions to the command execution module. When the real-time power generation of the solar power system 1 is greater than the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to connect the rope 24 to the motor 22, driving the energy storage structure 25 to rise along the inclined surface of the support tower 21. When the real-time power generation of the solar power system 1 is equal to the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to disconnect the rope 24 from both the motor 22 and the generator 23. When the real-time power generation of the solar power system 1 is less than the threshold, the instruction is: control the clutch mechanism to connect the rope 24 to the generator 23, causing the energy storage structure 25 to descend along the inclined surface of the support tower 21, driving the generator 23 to generate electricity. The intelligent control system, through the collaborative work of the power monitoring module, energy storage status monitoring module, and intelligent control module, monitors the solar power generation and energy storage structure status in real time. The control logic response time achieves millisecond-level dynamic adjustment, which is superior to the second-level response speed of traditional energy storage systems. The modular design facilitates later maintenance and algorithm upgrades, and can be adapted to the characteristics of photovoltaic power plants in different regions, reducing system operation and maintenance costs by more than 20%. At the same time, the stable control of the combined output power can reduce the start-up and shutdown frequency of solar power generation equipment, reduce equipment mechanical wear, and extend the service life of solar power generation systems by 3-5 years.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, a single gravity energy storage system 2 is adapted and connected to multiple solar power generation systems 1; the multiple solar power generation systems 1 all transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system 3; the intelligent control system 3 is used to obtain the first total real-time power generation of the multiple solar power generation systems 1 in real time, determine the difference between the first total real-time power generation and a threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system 2 to store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the multiple solar power generation systems 1 and the gravity energy storage system 2 to the power grid 4 is stabilized at the threshold.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, multiple gravity energy storage systems 2 are adapted and connected to multiple solar power generation systems 1; the multiple solar power generation systems 1 all transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system 3; under the control of the intelligent control system 3, the multiple gravity energy storage systems 2 sequentially convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or sequentially convert the stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy for output to the intelligent control system 3; the intelligent control system 3 is used to obtain the second total real-time power generation of the multiple solar power generation systems 1 in real time, determine the difference between the second total real-time power generation and a threshold, and then control the multiple gravity energy storage systems 2 to sequentially store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the multiple solar power generation systems 1 and the multiple gravity energy storage systems 2 to the power grid 4 is stabilized at the threshold.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the power generation threshold includes a base threshold and a floating threshold, calculated using the following formula: P = P0 ± ΔP; where P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, and ΔP is the floating threshold. ΔP is related to the difference between the predicted and historical light intensity and the power fluctuation rate of the solar power system 1. The base threshold P0 is calculated using the following formula: P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; where P1 is the average load power of the power grid during the same historical period, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power system 1, and a is a weighting coefficient, ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 based on the power grid load demand. The floating threshold ΔP is calculated using the following formula: ΔP = k × I × σ; where I is the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, σ is the power fluctuation rate of solar power generation system 1, calculated based on the standard deviation of historical power generation data over the past 24 hours, and k is the adjustment coefficient, dynamically adjusted based on the current energy storage of gravity energy storage system 2. When the current energy storage is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.4. The formula for calculating the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity I is as follows: I = I1 - I2; where I1 is the predicted light intensity for the next hour, and I2 is the historical average light intensity of the power grid for the same period. The power generation threshold adopts a dynamic setting method of "base threshold + floating threshold". This allows for advance adjustment of the threshold range based on historical and real-time solar irradiance data, preventing frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the energy storage system due to sudden changes in sunlight and reducing energy conversion losses (by more than 15%). Furthermore, the threshold width is dynamically adjusted based on the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system: narrowing the threshold range for precise energy control during stable sunlight conditions and widening it to adapt to large fluctuations during periods of severe sunlight, significantly improving the system's adaptability to different photovoltaic power plant environments. This mechanism maximizes the utilization of solar energy resources, avoiding the problems of "over-storage" or "insufficient energy release" inherent in traditional fixed-threshold designs, thereby increasing the overall energy utilization rate of the system by 8%-12%.

[0031] Based on the same design concept, this invention also provides a power supply method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage, comprising the following steps: Step 1, connecting the solar power generation system 1 to the gravity energy storage system 2 through an intelligent control system 3, and connecting both the solar power generation system 1 and the gravity energy storage system 2 to the power grid 4 through the intelligent control system 3; Step 2, setting a power generation threshold through the intelligent control system 3; Step 3, monitoring the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system 1 and the threshold through the intelligent control system 3, and controlling the gravity energy storage system 2 to store or release energy based on the difference, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system 1 and the gravity energy storage system 2 to the power grid 4 is stabilized at the threshold.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, in step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system 1 is greater than the threshold, the following operation is performed: the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system 2 is controlled by the intelligent control system 3 to connect the rope 24 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to the motor 22 of the gravity energy storage system 2, thereby driving the energy storage structure 25 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to rise along the inclined plane of the support tower 21 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to store energy.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, in step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system 1 is less than a threshold, the following operations are performed: the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system 2 is controlled by the intelligent control system 3 to connect the rope 24 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to the generator 23 of the gravity energy storage system 2, so that the energy storage structure 25 of the gravity energy storage system 2 descends along the inclined plane of the support tower 21 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to release energy and drive the generator 23 of the gravity energy storage system 2 to generate electricity, wherein the power generation of the gravity energy storage system 2 is equal to the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system 1 and the threshold.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, setting the power generation threshold includes setting a base threshold and setting a floating threshold, with the following formula: P = P0 ± ΔP; where P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, ΔP is the floating threshold, and ΔP is related to the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, as well as the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system 1; the formula for setting the base threshold P0 is as follows: P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; where P1 is the average load power of the power grid during the same period in history, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power generation system 1, and a is a weighting coefficient, which is 0.6-0.8 according to the power grid load demand; the formula for setting the floating threshold ΔP is as follows: ΔP = k ×I×σ; where I is the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, σ is the power fluctuation rate of solar power generation system 1, calculated based on the standard deviation of historical power generation data over the past 24 hours, and k is the adjustment coefficient, dynamically adjusted based on the current energy storage of gravity energy storage system 2. When the current energy storage is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.4. The formula for setting the difference I between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity is as follows: I = I1 - I2; where I1 is the predicted light intensity for the next hour, and I2 is the average light intensity of the power grid during the same period in history.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "upper" and "lower" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "upper" or "lower" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the pending application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply system combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage, characterized in that, include: Solar power generation system (1), gravity energy storage system (2) and intelligent control system (3); The solar power generation system (1) is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the intelligent control system (3). The gravity energy storage system (2) is used to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or to convert the stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy and output it to the intelligent control system (3) under the control of the intelligent control system (3). The solar power generation system (1) is connected to the gravity energy storage system (2) through the intelligent control system (3); Both the solar power generation system (1) and the gravity energy storage system (2) are connected to the power grid (4) through the intelligent control system (3); The intelligent control system (3) has a preset power generation threshold. The intelligent control system (3) is used to obtain the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system (1) in real time, determine the difference between the real-time power generation and the threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system (2) to store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system (1) and the gravity energy storage system (2) to the power grid (4) is stabilized at the threshold. The power generation threshold includes a base threshold and a floating threshold, and the calculation formula is as follows; P = P0 ± ΔP; Wherein, P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, ΔP is the floating threshold, and ΔP is related to the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity and the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system (1). The formula for calculating the basic threshold P0 is as follows; P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; P1 is the average load power of the power grid during the same period in history, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power generation system (1), and a is the weighting coefficient, which is 0.6-0.8 according to the power grid load demand. The formula for calculating the floating threshold ΔP is as follows; ΔP = k × I × σ; Where I is the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, σ is the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system (1), which is calculated based on the standard deviation of the historical power generation data of the past 24 hours, and k is the adjustment coefficient, which is dynamically adjusted according to the current energy storage of the gravity energy storage system (2). When the current energy storage is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.

4. The formula for calculating the difference I between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity is as follows; I = I1 - I2; I1 is the predicted solar irradiance for the next hour, and I2 is the historical average solar irradiance of the power grid for the same period.

2. The combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gravity energy storage system (2) includes: a support tower (21), a motor (22), a generator (23), a rope (24), an energy storage structure (25), and a clutch mechanism; Both the motor (22) and the generator (23) are located at the bottom of the support tower (21); The support tower (21) is a symmetrical double-sloping structure, and the energy storage structure (25) consists of two sets, which are slidably installed on the two slopes of the support tower (21). One end of the rope (24) is connected to the energy storage structure (25), and the other end of the rope (24) is selectively connected to the motor (22) or the generator (23) through the clutch mechanism, wherein the clutch mechanism is connected to the intelligent control system (3); The motor (22) is connected to the solar power generation system (1) through the intelligent control system (3); The generator (23) is connected to the power grid (4) through the intelligent control system (3).

3. The combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The intelligent control system (3) includes: a power monitoring module, an energy storage status monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and a command execution module; Both the power monitoring module and the energy storage status monitoring module are connected to the intelligent control module. The power monitoring module is used to monitor the power generation of the solar power generation system (1) in real time, and the energy storage status monitoring module is used to monitor the location and energy storage status of the energy storage structure (25). The intelligent control module has a preset power generation threshold, which is used to determine the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) and the threshold, and to send instructions to the command execution module. When the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) is greater than the threshold, the instruction is: The control clutch mechanism connects the rope (24) to the motor (22), driving the energy storage structure (25) to rise along the inclined plane of the support tower (21); When the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) is equal to the threshold, the instruction is: Control the clutch mechanism to disconnect the rope (24) from both the motor (22) and the generator (23); When the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) is less than the threshold, the instruction is: The clutch mechanism is controlled to connect the rope (24) to the generator (23), and the energy storage structure (25) descends along the inclined plane of the support tower (21) to drive the generator (23) to generate electricity.

4. The combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A single gravity energy storage system (2) is adapted to connect with multiple solar power generation systems (1); Multiple solar power generation systems (1) transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system (3); The intelligent control system (3) is used to obtain the first total real-time power generation of multiple solar power generation systems (1) in real time, determine the difference between the first total real-time power generation and the threshold, and then control the gravity energy storage system (2) to store or release energy according to the difference, so that the combined output power of multiple solar power generation systems (1) and the gravity energy storage system (2) to the power grid (4) is stabilized at the threshold.

5. The combined solar power generation and gravity energy storage power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple gravity energy storage systems (2) are adapted and connected to multiple solar power generation systems (1); Multiple solar power generation systems (1) transmit electrical energy to the intelligent control system (3); Under the control of the intelligent control system (3), the multiple gravity energy storage systems (2) sequentially convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy for storage, or sequentially convert the stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy for output to the intelligent control system (3). The intelligent control system (3) is used to obtain the second total real-time power generation of the multiple solar power generation systems (1) in real time, determine the difference between the second total real-time power generation and the threshold, and then control the multiple gravity energy storage systems (2) to store or release energy in sequence according to the difference, so that the combined output power of the multiple solar power generation systems (1) and the multiple gravity energy storage systems (2) to the power grid (4) is stabilized at the threshold.

6. A power supply method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect the solar power generation system (1) to the gravity energy storage system (2) through the intelligent control system (3), and connect both the solar power generation system (1) and the gravity energy storage system (2) to the power grid (4) through the intelligent control system (3); Step 2: Set the power generation threshold through the intelligent control system (3); Setting the power generation threshold includes setting a base threshold and setting a floating threshold, and the setting formula is as follows; P = P0 ± ΔP; Wherein, P is the power generation threshold, P0 is the base threshold, ΔP is the floating threshold, and ΔP is related to the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity and the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system (1). The formula for setting the basic threshold P0 is as follows; P0 = a × P1 + (1-a) × P2; P1 is the average load power of the power grid during the same period in history, P2 is the rated power generation of the solar power generation system (1), and a is the weighting coefficient, which is 0.6-0.8 according to the power grid load demand. The formula for setting the floating threshold ΔP is as follows; ΔP = k × I × σ; Where I is the difference between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity, σ is the power fluctuation rate of the solar power generation system (1), which is calculated based on the standard deviation of the historical power generation data of the past 24 hours, and k is the adjustment coefficient, which is dynamically adjusted according to the current energy storage of the gravity energy storage system (2). When the current energy storage is ≥80%, k takes a value of 0.5-0.7; when 80% > current energy storage > 20%, k takes a value of 0.8-1.1; and when the current energy storage is ≤20%, k takes a value of 1.2-1.

4. The formula for setting the difference I between the predicted light intensity and the historical light intensity is as follows; I = I1 - I2; I1 is the predicted solar intensity for the next hour, and I2 is the historical average solar intensity of the power grid for the same period. Step 3: The intelligent control system (3) monitors the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system (1) and the threshold value in real time, and controls the gravity energy storage system (2) to store or release energy through the difference value, so that the combined output power of the solar power generation system (1) and the gravity energy storage system (2) to the power grid (4) is stabilized at the threshold value.

7. The power supply method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) is greater than the threshold, the following operations are performed: The intelligent control system (3) controls the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system (2) to connect the rope (24) of the gravity energy storage system (2) with the motor (22) of the gravity energy storage system (2), thereby driving the energy storage structure (25) of the gravity energy storage system (2) to rise along the inclined plane of the support tower (21) of the gravity energy storage system (2) to store energy.

8. The power supply method combining solar power generation and gravity energy storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3, when the real-time power generation of the solar power system (1) is less than the threshold, the following operations are performed: The intelligent control system (3) controls the clutch mechanism of the gravity energy storage system (2) to connect the rope (24) of the gravity energy storage system (2) to the generator (23) of the gravity energy storage system (2), so that the energy storage structure (25) of the gravity energy storage system (2) descends along the inclined plane of the support tower (21) of the gravity energy storage system (2) to release energy and drive the generator (23) of the gravity energy storage system (2) to generate electricity. The power generation of the gravity energy storage system (2) is equal to the difference between the real-time power generation of the solar power generation system (1) and the threshold.

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