Moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of moisture and heat resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric and preparation method thereof, it is related to textile fabric technical field.The application is prepared by basalt melt to obtain non-woven fabric film layer, the upper and lower layers of fiber film are compounded with polymer protective film by laser technology, and functional fabric is prepared, wherein the penetration of laser to matrix and the forming ability of composite interface are enhanced by non-woven fabric structure, so as to realize the optimization effect of moisture and heat resistance and antibacterial property, and in the laser composite process, water vapor and rare earth salt steam are passed in, wherein water vapor is used as reaction medium, promotes the chemical bonding of silanol on the surface of basalt fiber and polymer protective layer, at the same time, the heat conduction of water vapor can reduce the local temperature of laser processing, cooperates with rare earth salt steam, can optimize the structure of interface layer, improves the long-acting property of fabric moisture and heat resistance and antibacterial property, finally carries out tempering treatment, further enhances the moisture and heat resistance of fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile fabric technology, specifically to a moisture-resistant, heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rise of outdoor enthusiasts, activities such as adventure, camping, and mountain hiking are becoming increasingly popular. The diversity and harshness of outdoor environments pose comprehensive challenges to functional fabrics, with moisture and heat resistance being one of the core requirements. Outdoor scenarios often involve high temperatures and humidity, large temperature differences between day and night, and frequent rain and fog, such as during the rainy season in the south and at coastal campsites. If fabrics absorb moisture, they are prone to problems such as decreased mechanical properties, interfacial delamination, aging, and cracking, which not only affect their service life but may also lead to mold growth, impacting the user experience. Secondly, there is an urgent need for long-lasting antibacterial properties. In hot and humid environments, sweat, dust, and other organic matter easily adhere to the fabric surface, becoming a breeding ground for bacteria such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as mold, causing odors, fabric corrosion, and even harming the user's health. This is especially true for long-term outdoor stays, where sustained antibacterial capabilities are extremely important.

[0003] Furthermore, structural stability is indispensable. Outdoor fabrics need to withstand repeated stretching, friction, and environmental erosion. The composite interface must be firmly bonded, non-porous, and have low residual stress to prevent peeling and damage during use. Basalt fiber has become an ideal substrate due to its advantages such as high temperature resistance, strong weather resistance, and environmental friendliness. However, the interface bonding problem caused by its surface inertness limits its application. Therefore, technological research and development must take into account both the characteristics of the substrate and the requirements of the application scenario to achieve a balance between performance and practicality, and adapt to the precise needs of diverse outdoor scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a moisture- and heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric, comprising the following steps: (1) Basalt ore particles are heated to 1450~1500℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, nonwoven fabric is obtained by spinning and needle punching. (2) Fix the polymer film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. At the same time, nitrogen, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced. Then, lay the polymer film on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and then introduce nitrogen, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor again for laser composite treatment. Finally, tempering treatment is performed at a temperature of 120~150℃ for 1~2 hours to obtain a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric.

[0006] Furthermore, the main components of the basalt ore particles in step (1) are as follows: silicon dioxide 45-55%, aluminum oxide 12-18%, iron oxide 8-12%, calcium oxide 5-8%, magnesium oxide 3-5%, and the particle size is 10-20 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the spinning process parameters in step (1) are: aperture of 0.08~0.2mm and speed of 1000~3000m / min.

[0008] Furthermore, the process parameters for acupuncture in step (1) are: acupuncture density of 10~50 needles / inch², acupuncture depth of 5~20mm, and speed of 100~600 times / minute.

[0009] Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric in step (1) has a basis weight of 100~150g / m², a thickness of 0.4~1mm, and a porosity of 45~60%.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the polymer film in step (2) is 0.1 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the raw material for the polymer film in step (2) is at least one of polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyimide, and polylactic acid.

[0012] Furthermore, the process parameters for the laser composite treatment in step (2) are: laser power of 150~200W, scanning speed of 10~50mm / s, and pressure of the pressure roller of 0.5~1MPa.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the flow rate of nitrogen is 10~20L / min, the flow rate of water vapor is 5~10mL / min, and the flow rate of rare earth salt vapor is 5~10mg / m³.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the rare earth salt vapor is produced by mixing rare earth salt and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing them into gas; the rare earth salt is at least one of cerium nitrate and lanthanum chloride.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: This invention utilizes basalt melt to obtain a nonwoven fabric film layer. A polymer protective film is then laminated between the upper and lower layers of the fiber film using a laser process. Under the combined action of roller pressure and laser heating, the film melts and softens, leading to adhesion within the contact area, thus producing a functional fabric. The nonwoven fabric structure enhances the laser's penetration into the substrate and the formation of the composite interface. When a third layer is laid, repeated thermal loading improves self-adhesion, forming interlayer adhesion, eliminating porosity, strengthening tight contact, and increasing crystallinity through cooling crystallization, thereby optimizing moisture and heat resistance and antibacterial properties. The effect is that, in the laser composite process, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced. Water vapor, as a reaction medium, promotes the chemical bonding between the silanol groups on the surface of basalt fibers and the polymer protective layer, enhancing the interfacial bonding force. At the same time, the thermal conduction of water vapor can reduce the local temperature of laser processing and reduce matrix damage. In synergy with rare earth salt vapor, it can optimize the interfacial layer structure, form a denser silicate hydrate, and improve the long-term moisture and heat resistance and antibacterial properties of the fabric. Finally, tempering treatment is performed to adjust the crystallinity to a uniform level, reduce residual stress, and further enhance the moisture and heat resistance of the fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following embodiments are provided in detail. The testing methods for various indicators of the moisture-resistant, heat-resistant, and antibacterial outdoor functional fabric produced in the following embodiments are as follows: Resistance to damp heat: Take the same size of the example and comparative examples and place them in a constant temperature and humidity chamber according to GB / T2423.3. The temperature is 60℃ and the humidity is 90% for 1000h. Take the aged fabric samples, spray gold and observe the fabric with SEM to detect the proportion of the interface debonding area.

[0018] Antibacterial: Take the same size examples and comparative examples, and wash the fabric 50 times with ECE standard detergent according to GB / T20944.3 and GB / T12490 after repeated shaking. Then test the antibacterial retention rate of the samples. Example 1

[0019] (1) Basalt ore particles were heated to 1450℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, they were spun and needled. The spinning process parameters were: pore size of 0.08 mm and speed of 1000 m / min. The needled process parameters were: needled density of 10 needles / inch², needled depth of 5 mm and speed of 100 times / minute to obtain nonwoven fabric. The main components of the basalt ore particles were 45% silicon dioxide, 12% aluminum oxide, 8% iron oxide, 5% calcium oxide and 3% magnesium oxide, with a particle size of 10 mm. The nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 100 g / m², a thickness of 0.4 mm and a porosity of 45%. (2) Fix the polyurethane film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 150W, scanning speed of 10mm / s, pressure of roller of 0.5MPa, nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 10L / min, water vapor with a flow rate of 5mL / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 5mg / m³ are introduced at the same time. Then, the polyurethane film is laid on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and nitrogen gas, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 120℃ for 1h to obtain a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE®2000. The rare earth salt vapor is made by mixing cerium nitrate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing it into gas. Example 2

[0020] (1) Basalt ore particles were heated to 1480℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, they were spun and needled. The spinning process parameters were: pore size of 0.13 mm and speed of 2000 m / min. The needled process parameters were: needled density of 30 needles / inch², needled depth of 12 mm and speed of 400 times / minute to obtain nonwoven fabric. The main components of the basalt ore particles were 50% silicon dioxide, 15% aluminum oxide, 10% iron oxide, 6% calcium oxide and 4% magnesium oxide, with a particle size of 15 mm. The nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 130 g / m², a thickness of 0.7 mm and a porosity of 52%. (2) Fix the polyurethane film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 180W, scanning speed of 30mm / s, pressure of roller of 0.9MPa, nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 15L / min, water vapor with a flow rate of 7mL / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 8mg / m³ are introduced at the same time. Then, the polyurethane film is laid on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and nitrogen gas, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 135℃ for 1.5h to obtain a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE®2000. The rare earth salt vapor is made by mixing cerium nitrate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing it into gas. Example 3

[0021] (1) Basalt ore particles are heated to 1500℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, they are spun and needled. The spinning process parameters are: pore size of 0.2 mm and speed of 3000 m / min. The needled process parameters are: needled density of 50 needles / inch², needled depth of 20 mm and speed of 600 times / minute to obtain nonwoven fabric. The main components of the basalt ore particles are 55% silicon dioxide, 18% aluminum oxide, 12% iron oxide, 8% calcium oxide and 5% magnesium oxide, with a particle size of 20 mm. The nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 150 g / m², a thickness of 1 mm and a porosity of 60%. (2) Fix the polyurethane film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 200W, scanning speed of 50mm / s, pressure of roller of 1MPa, nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 20L / min, water vapor with a flow rate of 10mL / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 10mg / m³ are introduced at the same time. Then, the polyurethane film is laid on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and nitrogen gas, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 150℃ for 2h to obtain a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE® 2000. The rare earth salt vapor is made by mixing cerium nitrate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing it into gas. Example 4

[0022] (1) Basalt ore particles were heated to 1480℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, they were spun and needled. The spinning process parameters were: pore size of 0.13 mm and speed of 2000 m / min. The needled process parameters were: needled density of 30 needles / inch², needled depth of 12 mm and speed of 400 times / minute to obtain nonwoven fabric. The main components of the basalt ore particles were 50% silicon dioxide, 15% aluminum oxide, 10% iron oxide, 6% calcium oxide and 4% magnesium oxide, with a particle size of 15 mm. The nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 130 g / m², a thickness of 0.7 mm and a porosity of 52%. (2) Fix the polyurethane film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 180W, scanning speed of 30mm / s, pressure of roller of 0.9MPa, nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 15L / min, water vapor with a flow rate of 7mL / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 2mg / m³ are introduced at the same time. Then, the polyurethane film is laid on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and nitrogen gas, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 135℃ for 1.5h to obtain a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE®2000. The rare earth salt vapor is made by mixing cerium nitrate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing it into gas. Example 5

[0023] (1) Basalt ore particles were heated to 1480℃ to melt and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, they were spun and needled. The spinning process parameters were: pore size of 0.13 mm and speed of 2000 m / min. The needled process parameters were: needled density of 30 needles / inch², needled depth of 12 mm and speed of 400 times / minute to obtain nonwoven fabric. The main components of the basalt ore particles were 50% silicon dioxide, 15% aluminum oxide, 10% iron oxide, 6% calcium oxide and 4% magnesium oxide, with a particle size of 15 mm. The nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 130 g / m², a thickness of 0.7 mm and a porosity of 52%. (2) Fix the polyurethane film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 80W, scanning speed of 30mm / s, pressure of roller of 0.9MPa, nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 15L / min, water vapor with a flow rate of 7mL / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 8mg / m³ are introduced at the same time. Then, the polyurethane film is laid on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and nitrogen gas, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 135℃ for 1.5h to obtain a moisture-resistant, heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE®2000. The rare earth salt vapor is made by mixing cerium nitrate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing it into gas.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 lies in step (2). Step (2) is changed to: fixing the polyurethane film on the workbench, laying non-woven fabric on top, and performing laser composite treatment. The process parameters are: laser power of 180W, scanning speed of 30mm / s, pressure of roller of 0.9MPa, and simultaneously introducing nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 15L / min and rare earth salt vapor with a flow rate of 2mg / m³. Then, laying the polyurethane film on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and introducing nitrogen gas and rare earth salt vapor again for laser composite treatment. Finally, it is tempered at a temperature of 135℃ for 1.5h to obtain a moisture-resistant, heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric. The thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1mm. The raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE® 2000. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0025] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 lies in step (2). Step (2) is changed to: fixing the polyurethane film on the workbench, laying non-woven fabric and polyurethane film as the third layer on top, and performing hot pressing treatment at a pressure of 0.9 MPa and a temperature of 130°C to obtain a moisture-resistant, heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric; the thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.1 mm; the raw material of the polyurethane film is Lubrizol ESTANE® 2000; the remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0026] Example of effect Table 1 below presents the performance analysis results of the moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabrics of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention. Table 1

[0027] A comparison of the experimental data from the embodiments and comparative examples in Table 1 reveals that the present invention utilizes basalt melt to obtain a nonwoven fabric membrane layer. The upper and lower layers of the fiber membrane are then laminated with a polymer protective film using laser technology to produce a functional fabric. The nonwoven fabric structure enhances the laser's penetration into the substrate and its ability to form a composite interface. When the third layer is laid, repeated thermal loading improves self-adhesion, forming interlayer adhesion and strengthening close contact. Cooling and crystallization increase crystallinity, thereby optimizing the resistance to damp heat and antibacterial properties. Furthermore, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced during the laser lamination process. Water vapor acts as a reaction medium, enhancing interfacial bonding. Simultaneously, the thermal conduction of water vapor reduces the local temperature during laser processing, minimizing substrate damage. In synergy with rare earth salt vapor, the interfacial layer structure is optimized, improving the fabric's long-term resistance to damp heat and antibacterial properties.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant, antibacterial outdoor functional fabric, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The basalt ore particles are melted and kept warm, and then spun and needle-punched to obtain non-woven fabric; (2) Fix the polymer film on the workbench, lay non-woven fabric on it, and perform laser composite treatment. At the same time, nitrogen, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor are introduced. Then, lay the polymer film on the non-woven fabric as the third layer, and introduce nitrogen, water vapor and rare earth salt vapor again for laser composite treatment. Finally, after tempering treatment, the moisture-resistant and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main components of the basalt ore particles in step (1) are as follows: silicon dioxide 45-55%, aluminum oxide 12-18%, iron oxide 8-12%, calcium oxide 5-8%, magnesium oxide 3-5%, and particle size 10-20 mm.

3. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinning process parameters in step (1) are: aperture of 0.08~0.2mm and speed of 1000~3000m / min.

4. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process parameters for acupuncture in step (1) are: acupuncture density of 10~50 needles / inch², acupuncture depth of 5~20mm, and speed of 100~600 times / minute.

5. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nonwoven fabric in step (1) has a basis weight of 100~150g / m², a thickness of 0.4~1mm, and a porosity of 45~60%.

6. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the polymer film in step (2) is 0.1 mm.

7. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material for the polymer film in step (2) is at least one of polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyimide, and polylactic acid.

8. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process parameters for the laser composite treatment in step (2) are: laser power of 150~200W, scanning speed of 10~50mm / s, and pressure of the pressure roller of 0.5~1MPa.

9. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the flow rate of nitrogen is 10-20 L / min, the flow rate of water vapor is 5-10 mL / min, and the flow rate of rare earth salt vapor is 5-10 mg / m³.

10. The method for preparing a moisture- and heat-resistant antibacterial outdoor functional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rare earth salt vapor in step (2) is produced by mixing rare earth salt and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:50 and vaporizing them into gas; the rare earth salt is at least one of cerium nitrate and lanthanum chloride.

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