Design method, thermoformed panel and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a design method, a hot forming plate and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, wherein, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the design method comprises the following steps: selecting test design parameters of the first hot forming plate, the second hot forming plate and the third hot forming plate; obtaining first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the test design parameters through simulation software; judging whether the first simulation performance parameters meet a first performance condition; if yes, obtaining welding test parameters to prepare and weld test pieces, and obtaining welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; judging whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; if yes, selecting the test design parameters and the corresponding welding test parameters as actual design parameters. The application effectively improves the lightweight degree and the debugging efficiency of the vehicle, and reduces the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to a design method, a thermoformed sheet, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] To improve lightweighting and collision safety, while keeping overall vehicle costs under control, more and more automakers are increasing the proportion of hot-formed panels used in the body of new energy vehicles. However, due to the high hardness, brittleness, and martensitic matrix characteristics of high-strength hot-formed steel sheets (typically reaching a strength of ≥1500MPa after quenching), they face significant challenges during resistance spot welding, including weldability degradation, narrow process windows, and unstable joint performance. Therefore, in current new energy vehicle designs, the A-pillar and B-pillar areas, where vehicle collision performance requirements are extremely high, are typically joined by resistance spot welding of three layers of steel. However, manufacturing processes require that the number of hot-formed layers in the resistance spot welding area be ≤2, employing a combination of two hot-formed layers and one cold-stamped high-strength steel sheet. Since the strength of cold-stamped high-strength steel sheets is lower than that of hot-formed sheets, thicker cold-stamped high-strength steel sheets must be selected to compensate for the insufficient strength, which is not conducive to vehicle lightweighting. Furthermore, during testing and verification, preliminary test design parameters are usually determined based on work experience, followed by on-site full-break verification of the test specimens. If the full-break verification fails, the test design parameters must be re-determined and re-verified, repeating this process until the weld quality is qualified. This results in industry pain points such as limiting the continuous improvement of lightweighting in new energy vehicles, long debugging time, and high costs.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need in the field of vehicle engineering technology to propose a design method that can improve vehicle lightweighting and debugging efficiency, and reduce production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a design method, a thermoformed sheet, and a vehicle, which aims to improve vehicle lightweighting and debugging efficiency, and reduce production costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a design method for a thermoformed sheet, the thermoformed sheet comprising a first thermoformed sheet, a second thermoformed sheet, and a third thermoformed sheet that overlap each other, and the design method includes the following steps: Select the experimental design parameters for the first, second, and third thermoformed plates; The first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters are obtained through simulation software. Determine whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition; If so, obtain the welding test parameters to prepare and weld the test piece, and obtain the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; Determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; If so, then the selected experimental design parameters and corresponding welding test parameters are the actual design parameters.

[0006] In one embodiment, after determining whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition, the method further includes: If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and re-obtain the first simulation performance parameters until the first simulation performance parameters meet the first performance conditions.

[0007] In one embodiment, after determining whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition, the method further includes: If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and the corresponding welding test parameters, and re-obtain the welding performance parameters until the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition.

[0008] In one embodiment, the experimental design parameters further include at least one of the material design parameters, thickness design parameters, overlap sequence parameters, and welding design parameters of the first, second, and third thermoformed plates.

[0009] In one embodiment, the experimental design parameters include multiple sets of welding design parameters; All sets of welding design parameters include at least the lap width parameter, lap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter.

[0010] In one embodiment, obtaining welding test parameters includes: The overlap width parameter, overlap gap parameter and weld point spacing parameter corresponding to multiple sets of experimental design parameters are orthogonally combined and verified by simulation software to obtain multiple sets of welding simulation performance parameters. Based on the first performance condition, one of the overlap width parameter, overlap gap parameter and weld point spacing parameter is determined as the welding test parameter.

[0011] In one embodiment, the welding performance parameters include at least one of the weld appearance parameters and the weld strength parameters.

[0012] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters includes: The weld appearance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters are obtained through optical detection; and / or, Weld strength parameters corresponding to welding test parameters are obtained through mechanical testing.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a thermoformed sheet, which includes a first thermoformed sheet, a second thermoformed sheet, and a third thermoformed sheet that overlap each other. The thermoformed sheet is designed using a design method, which includes the following steps: Select the experimental design parameters for the first, second, and third thermoformed plates; The first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters are obtained through simulation software. Determine whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition; If so, prepare and weld test pieces according to the welding test parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters, and obtain the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; Determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; If so, then the selected experimental design parameters and corresponding welding test parameters are the actual design parameters.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a vehicle including a thermoformed sheet comprising a first thermoformed sheet, a second thermoformed sheet, and a third thermoformed sheet that overlap each other. The thermoformed sheet is designed using a design method comprising the following steps: Select the experimental design parameters for the first, second, and third thermoformed plates; The first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters are obtained through simulation software. Determine whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition; If so, prepare and weld test pieces according to the welding test parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters, and obtain the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; Determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; If so, then the selected experimental design parameters and corresponding welding test parameters are the actual design parameters.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a three-layer overlapping structure including a first thermoformed plate, a second thermoformed plate and a third thermoformed plate. Compared with the overlapping combination of thermoformed and cold-stamped high-strength plates in the traditional process, it has higher forming strength at the same thickness. Thus, it can reduce the thickness to reduce weight and improve the lightweighting of the vehicle while meeting the forming strength required by the process.

[0016] To address the issues of long debugging times and high costs associated with multi-layer hot-formed sheet lamination, this solution derives the first performance conditions based on the vehicle's strength and performance requirements. This leads to the preliminary selection of test design parameters for the first, second, and third hot-formed sheets. Simulation software is used for verification, allowing for the selection of test conditions for the specimens and improving debugging efficiency. Furthermore, the multi-stage, step-by-step verification approach facilitates the identification and determination of the impact of various parameters on the first simulated performance parameters and welding performance parameters, further enhancing debugging efficiency and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the fifth embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the sixth embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention.

[0019] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0023] To improve lightweighting and collision safety, while keeping overall vehicle costs under control, more and more automakers are increasing the proportion of hot-formed panels used in the body of new energy vehicles. However, due to the high hardness, brittleness, and martensitic matrix characteristics of high-strength hot-formed sheets (typically reaching a strength of ≥1500MPa after quenching), they face significant challenges during resistance spot welding, including weldability degradation, narrow process windows, and unstable joint performance. Therefore, in current new energy vehicle designs, the A-pillar and B-pillar areas, where vehicle collision performance requirements are extremely high, are typically joined by resistance spot welding of three layers of sheets. However, manufacturing processes require that the number of hot-formed layers in the resistance spot welding area be ≤2, resulting in a combination of two hot-formed layers and one cold-stamped high-strength sheet. Since the strength of cold-stamped high-strength sheets is lower than that of hot-formed sheets, thicker cold-stamped high-strength sheets must be selected to compensate for the insufficient strength, which is not conducive to vehicle lightweighting. Furthermore, during testing and verification, preliminary test design parameters are usually determined based on work experience, followed by on-site full-break verification of the test pieces. If the full-break verification fails, the test design parameters must be re-determined and re-verified, repeating this process until the weld quality is qualified. This leads to industry pain points such as limited continuous improvement in the lightweighting of new energy vehicles, long debugging time, and high costs.

[0024] Therefore, there is a need in the field of vehicle engineering technology to propose a design method that can improve vehicle lightweighting and debugging efficiency, and reduce production costs.

[0025] Based on this, the present invention proposes a design method.

[0026] Please refer to Figure n. In one embodiment of the present invention, this design method is used for a thermoformed sheet, which includes a first thermoformed sheet, a second thermoformed sheet, and a third thermoformed sheet that overlap each other. The design method includes the following steps: S100. Select the experimental design parameters for the first, second, and third thermoformed plates; It should be noted that the experimental design parameters in this embodiment can be selected based on experience or based on existing product parameters. This embodiment uses the selection based on existing product parameters as an example. Specifically, taking the overlapping structure parameters of the combination of double-layer thermoformed plates and single-layer cold-stamped high-strength plates in traditional technology to meet the production requirements of A-pillars as the benchmark, the thickness of both double-layer thermoformed plates is set to 1.2mm, and the thickness of the single-layer cold-stamped high-strength plate is set to 1.8mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, based on the above parameters, the thickness of the first and second thermoformed plates is initially selected to be 1.2mm, and the thickness of the third thermoformed plate is 1.8mm. The structural thickness is then adjusted according to the actual weight reduction requirements. In this embodiment, an 8% weight reduction is used as the adjustment requirement. Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the first thermoformed plate is further adjusted to 1.0 mm, the thickness of the second thermoformed plate to 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the third thermoformed plate to 1.4 mm. Based on the stress characteristics of the A-pillar, the thicker plate is used as the outer layer and the thinner plate as the inner layer. That is, the first thermoformed plate is placed on the inside, and the second and third thermoformed plates are located in the middle and outer layers, respectively, forming a thin, medium, and thick gradient laminated structure. The above parameters are selected as the experimental design parameters. Combined with the axial compression and bending moment characteristics of the A-pillar area, this layout ensures both the impact stiffness of the outer layer and improves the energy absorption deformation capacity of the inner layer. It is understood that the thickness design and overlapping sequence design in this embodiment can also be based on experience or other existing products of other specifications to obtain other thickness combinations and laminated schemes, as long as the weight reduction target and structural safety boundary are met.

[0027] S200. Obtain the first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters through simulation software; It should be noted that the simulation software in this embodiment can be any simulation software capable of simulating various performance parameters of the molded plate, such as mainstream CAE tools like ANSYS or HyperWorks, which can meet the simulation requirements of this embodiment. This invention does not limit the software.

[0028] It is understood that the first simulation performance parameter in this embodiment includes at least the structural strength index of the thermoformed plate.

[0029] S300. Determine whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition; It should be noted that the first simulation performance parameter in this embodiment is selected based on the structural strength and weight of existing products. Specifically, the structural strength and weight of the combination of double-layer thermoformed plate and single-layer cold-stamped high-strength plate in traditional technology to meet the production requirements of A-pillar are used as the benchmark values. The structural strength benchmark value is S1, the weight benchmark value is S2, and the first performance condition is set as S1, that is, the structural strength of the thermoformed plate reaches or exceeds the existing product standard, and the weight is controlled within 0.92×S2, so as to ensure that the compressive and bending performance is significantly enhanced under the premise of weight reduction.

[0030] S310. If so, obtain the welding test parameters to prepare and weld the test piece, and obtain the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; It should be noted that the size of the welding test piece in this embodiment can be set as needed. Specifically, in this embodiment, a 150mm×50mm rectangular sample is selected, and the welding process is verified using the experimental design parameters corresponding to the selected A column.

[0031] S400, Determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; It should be noted that the first performance condition in this embodiment also includes a welding performance condition. The welding performance condition in this embodiment is used to determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the preset requirements. Specifically, the first performance condition in this embodiment is set based on the performance parameter requirements of existing products, using the combination of a double-layer hot-formed plate and a single-layer cold-stamped high-strength plate in traditional technology to meet the production requirements of the A-pillar. The weld strength after welding is taken as the benchmark value, and the benchmark value of the weld strength after welding is S3. The weld strength of the hot-formed plate reaches 1.06×S3 or higher.

[0032] S410. If so, then select the experimental design parameters and the corresponding welding test parameters as the actual design parameters.

[0033] Understandably, once the first simulation performance parameters and welding performance parameters obtained from the selected experimental design parameters and corresponding welding test parameters all meet the first performance conditions, it is confirmed that the gradient stacked structure has met the optimization requirements in the three dimensions of strength, weight and welding quality, and can then be used for A-pillar design and mass production.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the aforementioned experimental design parameters are used as the actual design parameters, resulting in a collision safety improvement of over 6% and a weight reduction rate of over 8%. Furthermore, this design method, by conducting preliminary design based on existing products, optimizing parameters according to experimental requirements, and performing step-by-step verification, significantly improves debugging efficiency and shortens the development cycle. Specifically, compared to simply selecting parameters based on experience and then conducting on-site verification, the design process described in this embodiment improves debugging efficiency by over 60%.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention employ a three-layer overlapping structure comprising a first thermoformed plate, a second thermoformed plate, and a third thermoformed plate. Compared to the overlapping combination of thermoformed and cold-stamped high-strength plates in traditional processes, this structure exhibits higher forming strength at the same thickness. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the thickness and thus the weight while meeting the forming strength requirements of the process, thereby improving the lightweighting of the vehicle.

[0036] To address the issues of long debugging times and high costs associated with multi-layer hot-formed sheet lamination, this embodiment obtains the first performance conditions based on the vehicle's strength and performance requirements. This leads to the preliminary selection of test design parameters for the first, second, and third hot-formed sheets. Simulation software is used for verification to screen test conditions for the specimens, improving debugging efficiency. Furthermore, the multi-stage, step-by-step verification in this embodiment facilitates the identification and determination of the impact of each parameter on the first simulated performance parameters and welding performance parameters, further enhancing debugging efficiency and reducing costs.

[0037] In one embodiment, after determining whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition, the method further includes: S320. If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and re-obtain the first simulation performance parameters until the first simulation performance parameters meet the first performance conditions.

[0038] It should be noted that the first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters in this implementation cannot meet the first performance conditions, that is, the structural strength of the thermoformed plate cannot reach S1 or the weight cannot be controlled within 0.92×S2. In this case, at least one of the plate thickness, material and overlapping sequence should be readjusted according to the first performance conditions, and simulation verification should be performed again based on the adjusted parameters until the first simulation performance parameters meet the first performance conditions.

[0039] In one embodiment, after determining whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition, the method further includes: S420. If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and the corresponding welding test parameters, and re-obtain the welding performance parameters until the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, if the post-weld strength of the thermoformed plate does not reach 1.06×S3 or higher, the welding performance parameters are re-obtained, the welding test parameters are adjusted, and the welding test is performed again until the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition.

[0041] In one embodiment, the experimental design parameters further include at least one of the material design parameters, thickness design parameters, overlap sequence parameters, and welding design parameters of the first, second, and third thermoformed plates.

[0042] It should be noted that this embodiment may include one or more of the following parameters: material design parameters, thickness design parameters, lap sequence parameters, and welding design parameters, or it may include all of them. Specifically, this embodiment sets all parameters that are not included in these parameters to improve the reliability of debugging.

[0043] In one embodiment, the experimental design parameters include multiple sets of welding design parameters; All sets of welding design parameters include at least the lap width parameter, lap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by setting multiple combinations of lap width parameters, lap gap parameters, and weld spot spacing parameters, the influence of different welding processes on connection strength and deformation can be systematically evaluated. It is understood that the welding design parameters in this embodiment may also include parameters such as welding current, welding pressure, and welding time. In this embodiment, after selecting the lap width parameters, lap gap parameters, and weld spot spacing parameters, and combining them with the first performance condition, the range of parameters such as welding current, welding pressure, and welding time is selected through simulation software calculations.

[0045] In one embodiment, obtaining welding test parameters includes: S311. Through simulation software, the lap width parameter, lap gap parameter and weld point spacing parameter corresponding to multiple sets of experimental design parameters are orthogonally combined and verified to obtain multiple sets of welding simulation performance parameters. Based on the first performance condition, one of the lap width parameter, lap gap parameter and weld point spacing parameter is determined as the welding test parameter.

[0046] It should be noted that the overlap width parameter, overlap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter in this embodiment can be set in multiple sets according to existing processes and actual needs. In this embodiment, taking the following parameters as examples, the overlap width parameter is set to a range of 20-30mm, the overlap gap parameter is set to a range of 0.1-0.2mm, and the weld point spacing parameter is set to a range of 25-35mm. In this embodiment, multiple parameters within each parameter range are selected as verification parameters for orthogonal combination verification to obtain multiple sets of welding simulation performance parameters. The optimal welding simulation performance parameter that meets the first performance condition is selected and used as the welding test parameter.

[0047] In one embodiment, the welding performance parameters include at least one of the weld appearance parameters and the weld strength parameters.

[0048] It should be noted that the welding performance parameters in this embodiment may include one of the weld appearance parameters and the weld strength parameters, or they may include both. Specifically, in this embodiment, the welding performance parameters include both the weld appearance parameters and the weld strength parameters, which allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of the welding performance.

[0049] In one embodiment, obtaining the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters includes: S312. Obtain the weld appearance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters through optical detection.

[0050] In embodiments of the present invention, the first performance condition includes solder joint appearance parameter conditions. The solder joint appearance parameters are obtained through optical detection. This optical detection can be performed in various ways, such as camera, laser, or visual inspection. Specifically, in this embodiment, the operator visually observes the surface of the solder joint with instruments such as a magnifying glass to check the appearance and form, and to check for defects such as pores, cracks, ablation, and incomplete penetration, as well as the number of such defects, in order to obtain the solder joint appearance parameters. The first performance condition includes the requirement for the solder joint appearance parameter conditions, that is, the test piece does not have the aforementioned defects such as pores, cracks, ablation, and incomplete penetration.

[0051] In one embodiment, obtaining the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters includes: S313. The weld strength parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters are obtained through mechanical testing.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present invention, the first performance condition includes the weld strength parameter condition. In this embodiment, the weld strength parameter corresponding to the welding test parameter can also be obtained by mechanical testing. The mechanical test can be a variety of different detection methods, such as tensile shear test, cross tensile test or fatigue strength test, etc. Specifically, in this embodiment, the tensile shear test method is adopted, and the weld is subjected to tensile shear test by a testing machine to ensure that the tensile shear strength of the weld meets the weld strength parameter condition.

[0053] It is understood that in this embodiment, the solder joint can be further analyzed by microstructure to observe the size of the weld nugget and the morphology of the grains, so as to ensure that the internal quality of the solder joint meets the requirements.

[0054] It should be noted that the above-mentioned related technical features, such as "obtaining the weld appearance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters through optical detection" and "obtaining the weld strength parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters through mechanical testing", can be set individually or simultaneously, and this invention does not limit this.

[0055] Specifically, in this implementation, through testing and experimentation, the aforementioned experimental design parameters were used as the actual design parameters. That is, the first, second, and third hot-formed plates were all set to be consistent with the original flattened material, i.e., all were made of hot-formed steel. The thickness of the first hot-formed plate was 1.0 mm, the thickness of the second hot-formed plate was 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the third hot-formed plate was 1.4 mm. The first hot-formed plate was placed on the inner side, with the second and third hot-formed plates positioned in the middle and outer layers respectively, forming a thin, medium, and thick gradient stacked structure. The overlap width parameter was set to 25 mm, the overlap gap parameter was set to 0.15 mm, and the weld point spacing parameter was set to 30 mm. This achieved a collision safety improvement of over 6% and a weight reduction rate of over 8%. Simultaneously, the weld point appearance, weld point strength, structural strength, and microstructure all met quality requirements. Furthermore, the steps of the above design method effectively improved debugging efficiency and reduced costs.

[0056] This invention also proposes a thermoformed plate, which is designed using a design method. The specific steps of this design method are as described in the above embodiments. Since this thermoformed plate adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated upon here. The thermoformed plate includes a first thermoformed plate, a second thermoformed plate, and a third thermoformed plate that overlap each other, and the thermoformed plate is designed using the above-described design method.

[0057] The present invention also proposes a vehicle comprising a thermoformed sheet, the specific structure of which is as described in the above embodiments. Since the thermoformed sheet adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0058] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method, characterized in that, For use in thermoformed sheets, the thermoformed sheets comprising a first thermoformed sheet, a second thermoformed sheet, and a third thermoformed sheet that overlap each other, the design method includes the following steps: Select the experimental design parameters for the first thermoformed plate, the second thermoformed plate, and the third thermoformed plate; The first simulation performance parameters corresponding to the experimental design parameters are obtained using simulation software. Determine whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition; If so, obtain welding test parameters to prepare and weld test pieces, and obtain the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters; Determine whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition; If so, then the selected experimental design parameters and corresponding welding test parameters are the actual design parameters.

2. The design method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of determining whether the first simulation performance parameter meets the first performance condition, the method further includes: If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and re-obtain the first simulation performance parameters until the first simulation performance parameters meet the first performance condition.

3. The design method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of determining whether the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition, the method further includes: If not, adjust the experimental design parameters and the corresponding welding test parameters, and re-obtain the welding performance parameters until the welding performance parameters meet the first performance condition.

4. The design method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental design parameters also include at least one of the material design parameters, thickness design parameters, overlap sequence parameters, and welding design parameters of the first thermoformed plate, the second thermoformed plate, and the third thermoformed plate.

5. The design method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The experimental design parameters include multiple sets of welding design parameters; All of the aforementioned welding design parameters include at least the lap width parameter, lap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter.

6. The design method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The acquisition of welding test parameters includes: The overlap width parameter, overlap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter corresponding to multiple sets of experimental design parameters are orthogonally combined and verified using simulation software to obtain multiple sets of welding simulation performance parameters. Based on the first performance condition, one of the overlap width parameter, overlap gap parameter, and weld point spacing parameter is determined as the welding test parameter.

7. The design method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The welding performance parameters include at least one of the weld appearance parameters and weld strength parameters.

8. The design method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the welding performance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters includes: The weld appearance parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters are obtained by optical detection; and / or... The weld strength parameters corresponding to the welding test parameters are obtained through mechanical testing.

9. A thermoformed sheet, characterized in that, The design method described in any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, wherein the thermoformed plate comprises a first thermoformed plate, a second thermoformed plate, and a third thermoformed plate that overlap each other.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the thermoformed sheet as described in claim 9.

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