HPLC signal gain processing method based on OFDM system

Abstract

The application discloses an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system and belongs to the technical field of communication. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system comprises the following steps: receiving an HPLC signal, and determining a first gain coefficient based on a preamble symbol of the HPLC signal; acquiring load frequency band information corresponding to load data in the HPLC signal; in the case that the load frequency band information represents that a load frequency band corresponding to the load data is different from a preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, adjusting the first gain coefficient based on the load frequency band information and current channel state information to obtain a second gain coefficient; and performing gain processing on the load data based on the second gain coefficient. The application improves the demodulation performance of a signal and communication reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular relates to an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of High-speed Power Line Communication (HPLC) technology, multi-band communication technology has been gradually introduced into Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems to improve spectrum utilization and communication flexibility. This technology allows preamble and payload symbols to be transmitted using different communication frequency bands, thereby enabling dynamic resource allocation based on channel conditions and service requirements, effectively improving system throughput and anti-interference capabilities.

[0003] In related technologies, the signal receiver dynamically adjusts the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) coefficient based on the energy of the preamble symbol, and uses the AGC coefficient to uniformly amplify the gain of subsequent signals, including the payload symbol.

[0004] However, in multi-band communication scenarios, when the communication frequency band of the payload symbol is different from that of the preamble symbol, the signal energy characteristics are fundamentally different due to the different number of subcarriers in different frequency bands. This causes the gain coefficient determined based on the preamble symbol to be unable to match the actual energy level of the payload symbol, which can easily result in the payload signal energy being too low and being submerged by noise, or the energy being too high and producing clipping distortion, which seriously affects the demodulation performance of the HPLC signal and the reliability of communication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system to improve signal demodulation performance and communication reliability.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system, the method comprising: Receive the HPLC signal and determine the first gain coefficient based on the leading sign of the HPLC signal; Obtain the load frequency band information corresponding to the load data in the HPLC signal; When the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data is different from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain the second gain coefficient. Gain processing is performed on the load data based on the second gain coefficient.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, adjusting a first gain coefficient based on payload frequency band information and current channel state information to obtain a second gain coefficient specifically includes: determining the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band based on the payload frequency band information; determining a band coefficient between the payload frequency band and the preamble frequency band based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol; determining a gain adjustment coefficient based on the channel state information and the band coefficient corresponding to the preamble symbol; and adjusting the first gain coefficient based on the gain adjustment coefficient to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gain adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the following relationship: in, This is the gain adjustment factor. For frequency band coefficients, This represents the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second gain coefficient is obtained by dividing the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency band coefficient is the ratio of the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band to the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data characterized by the load frequency band information is the same as the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the load data is subjected to gain processing based on the first gain coefficient.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining a first gain coefficient based on the leading symbol of an HPLC signal specifically includes: simultaneously detecting the HPLC signal to obtain a simultaneous detection result; determining the signal energy of the leading symbol based on the simultaneous detection result; and determining the first gain coefficient based on a comparison between the signal energy of the leading symbol and a target energy range.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the channel state information includes the channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the channel SNR is determined by: performing channel estimation based on the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol to obtain the channel estimation result; filtering the channel estimation result to obtain the filtered channel estimation result; determining the noise energy based on the difference between the channel estimation results before and after filtering; determining the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol based on the channel estimation result and the noise energy; and determining the channel SNR based on the effective signal energy and the noise energy.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined in the following manner: after determining the first gain coefficient, the first gain coefficient is locked, and synchronous correlation detection of the HPLC signal continues; for each correlation peak corresponding to the preamble synchronization sequence detected, the received signal at the corresponding position is frequency domain transformed to obtain a single frequency domain processing result; the single frequency domain processing results obtained multiple times are averaged to obtain the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the preamble band is a pre-configured fixed band, and the load band is indicated by the frame control field in the HPLC signal.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an HPLC signal gain processing device based on an OFDM system, the device comprising: A receiving module is used to receive HPLC signals and determine a first gain coefficient based on the leading sign of the HPLC signals; The acquisition module is used to acquire the load frequency band information corresponding to the load data in the HPLC signal; The adjustment module is used to adjust the first gain coefficient based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information when the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data and the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol are different, so as to obtain the second gain coefficient. The processing module is used to perform gain processing on the load data based on the second gain coefficient.

[0017] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system as described in the first aspect above.

[0018] Fourthly, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system as described in the first aspect above.

[0019] Fifthly, the present invention provides a chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system as described in the first aspect.

[0020] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system as described in the first aspect above.

[0021] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: By determining the first gain coefficient based on the preamble symbol of the received HPLC signal, the appropriate gain can be quickly locked according to the actual energy level of the preamble signal during the synchronization phase, ensuring the stability and reliability of preamble symbol reception and synchronization. Subsequently, the payload frequency band information corresponding to the payload data in the HPLC signal is obtained, thus determining the communication frequency band of the payload signal. If the payload frequency band information indicates that the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data differs from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain a second gain coefficient. This effectively solves the problem of differences between the preamble and payload frequency bands. The resulting gain mismatch problem is addressed by combining the signal energy variation characteristics reflected by the load frequency band with the current channel noise level. This allows gain adjustment to compensate for energy jumps caused by communication frequency band switching and the influence of the channel environment, thereby achieving precise adaptive control of the load signal energy. This avoids signal clipping distortion caused by excessive gain or signal being submerged by noise due to insufficient gain, enabling the system to maintain stable gain adaptation capability even in low signal-to-noise ratio or strong interference scenarios. Finally, gain processing is performed on the load data based on the second gain coefficient, stabilizing the load signal energy within the ideal range and significantly improving signal demodulation performance and communication reliability.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the gain adjustment coefficient based on the channel state information and frequency band coefficients corresponding to the preamble symbol, as provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the HPLC signal gain processing device based on an OFDM system provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] OFDM is a multi-carrier modulation technique. Its core idea is to divide a high-speed data stream into multiple low-speed sub-data streams, which are then modulated onto mutually orthogonal subcarriers for parallel transmission. Due to the orthogonality between subcarriers, OFDM systems can effectively resist multipath fading and inter-symbol interference, and have high spectral efficiency, thus they are widely used in HPLC signal processing.

[0027] In practical applications, the signal strength received by the signal receiver can fluctuate significantly due to various factors such as transmission distance, line conditions, and interference. If the signal energy is too weak, it may be overwhelmed by noise during subsequent demodulation, leading to demodulation errors and preventing the correct recovery of the original data. Conversely, if the signal energy is too strong, it may exceed the dynamic range of the receiving equipment, causing signal clipping distortion, which also affects demodulation performance. Therefore, Automatic Gain Control (AGC) is required to stabilize the received signal energy within a certain range, providing a suitable signal level for subsequent demodulation processing. Furthermore, based on gain adjustment, frame synchronization is performed by detecting correlation peaks in the preamble symbol to determine the frame start position. It is evident that the accuracy of AGC and the synchronization process directly affects the signal synchronization success rate and subsequent demodulation performance.

[0028] In related technologies, the gain coefficient of the received signal is typically dynamically adjusted. Specifically, in the initial stage of signal reception, the signal receiver changes the gain coefficient in real time according to the signal strength, amplifying or attenuating the signal. When a continuous correlation peak is found, it means that a valid signal has been received (usually corresponding to the synchronization sequence in the preamble). At this point, the current gain coefficient is locked, and this gain coefficient is used to amplify subsequently received signals, thereby adapting to changes in signal strength and keeping the signal energy within a suitable range, providing good signal conditions for synchronization operation.

[0029] However, the aforementioned techniques have a significant limitation: they are primarily applicable when the synchronization symbol and subsequent payload symbol are within the same frequency band. In next-generation power line carrier communication systems, multi-band communication techniques have been introduced to improve communication efficiency and flexibility, potentially employing different frequency bands to transmit synchronization and payload symbols. For example, the preamble symbol might use a wider frequency band to enhance synchronization robustness, while the payload symbol might dynamically select a narrower or wider frequency band based on channel quality to optimize throughput.

[0030] When the synchronization symbol and the payload symbol operate in different frequency bands, the gain coefficient determined during the synchronization phase becomes unsuitable for amplifying subsequent payload symbols. If the payload symbol is amplified according to the gain coefficient locked during the synchronization phase, the different frequency bands and subcarrier numbers of the payload and synchronization symbols result in fundamentally different signal energy characteristics, potentially leading to excessively high or low payload signal energy. Excessive energy causes clipping distortion, compromising signal integrity; insufficient energy results in inadequate signal-to-noise ratio, increasing demodulation error rates.

[0031] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a signal processing method that can adaptively adjust the gain in multi-band communication to deal with scenarios where the preamble and payload frequency bands are inconsistent.

[0032] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system, which aims to solve the gain mismatch problem caused by the different communication frequency bands of the preamble symbol and the payload data in multi-band communication. By adjusting the gain coefficient locked in the synchronization stage when the communication frequency band of the payload data is different from that of the preamble symbol, precise adaptive control of the payload signal energy can be achieved, avoiding signal clipping or noise submersion, and significantly improving the demodulation performance and communication reliability of the signal.

[0033] The HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system provided in this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0034] The present invention provides an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system. This method is applied to an OFDM system including a signal transmitting device and a signal receiving device. The signal transmitting device is used to transmit an HPLC signal containing a preamble symbol and payload data, and the signal receiving device is used to receive the HPLC signal and perform frequency band analysis, gain adjustment, signal synchronization, etc.

[0035] Furthermore, the signal transmitting and receiving devices can be, for example, electronic devices, such as power line communication terminals, concentrator devices, smart meters, communication module embedded devices, or communication test terminals. Alternatively, the electronic devices can also be devices with computing capabilities or intelligent robots to perform the signal transmitting, signal receiving, gain control, frequency band analysis, and gain adjustment processes described in this invention.

[0036] The HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system provided by this invention can be executed by a signal receiving device, or by a functional module or entity in the signal receiving device that can implement the method.

[0037] The following describes the HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system provided in this embodiment of the invention, using a signal receiving device as the execution subject.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system provided in some embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system includes steps 110 to 140.

[0039] Step 110: Receive the HPLC signal and determine the first gain coefficient based on the leading sign of the HPLC signal.

[0040] HPLC signals refer to communication signals transmitted over power lines and modulated using OFDM technology. Typically, an HPLC signal includes a preamble symbol, a frame control field, and payload data. In feasible implementations, the preamble symbol is used for signal frame synchronization and channel estimation, the frame control field carries transmission parameter information, and the payload data carries user data.

[0041] It should be noted that the preamble symbol is located at the beginning of the HPLC signal frame structure and is a specific symbol sequence known to both the signal transmitting and receiving devices. In some embodiments, the preamble symbol includes at least one synchronization pattern (SYNCP) and a synchronization marker (SYNCM), wherein the synchronization pattern is used by the signal receiving device for correlation peak detection and frame synchronization, and the synchronization marker is used to mark the end position of the preamble symbol.

[0042] The first gain coefficient refers to the AGC coefficient obtained during the synchronization phase based on the energy level of the preamble symbol. It is used to amplify the gain of the preamble symbol, stabilize its energy within the preset target energy range, and provide a reference gain for subsequent signal processing.

[0043] The signal receiving device receives the HPLC signal. After receiving the HPLC signal, the signal receiving device first performs automatic gain control processing on the HPLC signal.

[0044] In some implementations, the signal receiving device measures the time-domain signal energy of at least one synchronization sequence in the preamble symbol to obtain an energy measurement value, compares the energy measurement value with a preset target energy range, and then dynamically adjusts the AGC coefficient based on the comparison result until the signal energy of the preamble symbol falls within the target energy range.

[0045] The purpose of ensuring the signal energy of the preamble symbol falls within the target energy range is to guarantee reliable detection of the synchronization sequence within the preamble symbol. This avoids the correlation peak being submerged by noise due to excessively low energy or the correlation peak shape being disrupted by clipping distortion due to excessively high energy. This improves the accuracy and stability of frame synchronization and provides a suitable input level for subsequent channel estimation based on the preamble symbol, preventing quantization noise or nonlinear distortion from affecting the accuracy of channel estimation. Furthermore, the first gain coefficient obtained by locking the preamble symbol energy within the target range can serve as a unified benchmark for subsequent gain adjustments, ensuring it accurately reflects the appropriate gain value under the current channel conditions.

[0046] The signal receiving device simultaneously detects the HPLC signal. In some embodiments, the signal receiving device performs cross-correlation and autocorrelation operations on the received signal and the locally stored synchronization sequence to obtain the correlation peak detection result. When the correlation peak detection result meets the initial synchronization condition (e.g., a predetermined number of correlation peaks are detected consecutively), the signal receiving device locks the currently dynamically adjusted AGC coefficient as the first gain coefficient.

[0047] Through the above-described automatic gain control and synchronization detection operations, the signal receiving device determines the first gain coefficient based on the preamble symbol, which is used for subsequent frequency band determination and payload data processing.

[0048] Step 120: Obtain the load frequency band information corresponding to the load data in the HPLC signal.

[0049] The payload frequency band information refers to the relevant parameter information used to characterize the communication frequency band used by the payload data during transmission. For example, the payload frequency band information includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: the communication frequency band of the payload data, the number of subcarriers of the communication frequency band of the payload data, the subcarrier spacing, the center frequency, the frequency band start frequency, the frequency band end frequency, or the frequency band identifier.

[0050] In some implementations, payload frequency band information is used to characterize the specific communication frequency band used by subsequent payload data during transmission.

[0051] After determining the first gain coefficient, the signal receiving device continues to process the received HPLC signal. First, based on the determined frame synchronization position, the signal receiving device locates the start position of the Frame Control (FC) field of the HPLC signal. Since the transmission frequency band of the FC field is the same as that of the preamble symbol, the signal receiving device can demodulate and decode the FC field using the locked first gain coefficient. After decoding the FC field, the signal receiving device extracts the frequency band configuration parameters corresponding to the payload data from a preset position in the FC field (e.g., a specific bit in the physical layer header). Thus, the signal receiving device obtains the payload frequency band information, providing a basis for subsequent determination of whether the payload frequency band is the same as the preamble frequency band and whether the gain coefficient needs to be adjusted.

[0052] Step 130: When the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data is different from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, adjust the first gain coefficient based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0053] Channel state information refers to parameter information used to characterize the transmission characteristics, noise level, and fading conditions of a power line communication channel. For example, channel state information includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: channel frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), effective signal energy, or noise energy.

[0054] In some implementations, the signal receiving device acquires the effective signal energy and noise energy from the channel state information to quantify the quality of the current channel.

[0055] It should be noted that the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol refers to the communication frequency band used by the signal transmitting device when transmitting the preamble symbol. Under normal circumstances, this frequency band information is known to the signal receiving device. For example, the signal receiving device can pre-store the generation parameters of the preamble symbol, including its number of subcarriers, center frequency, and frequency band range, and thus determine the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol based on these generation parameters.

[0056] In some embodiments, the preamble band is a pre-configured fixed band, and the load band is indicated by the frame control field in the HPLC signal.

[0057] The frame control field carries the transmission parameters of the current frame. For example, these parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: modulation scheme, coding scheme, subcarrier distribution, and frequency band configuration of the payload data. By demodulating and decoding the frame control field, the signal receiving device can obtain the parameters needed to parse subsequent payload data.

[0058] The signal receiving device pre-stores or configures the preamble frequency band information corresponding to the preamble symbol. After completing frame synchronization and locking the first gain coefficient, it demodulates and decodes the frame control field using the locked first gain coefficient. Since the frequency band of the frame control field is the same as the preamble frequency band, this gain coefficient also applies to the frame control field. Furthermore, the frame control field has one or more preset bits used to indicate the communication frequency band used by the payload data in the current frame. The signal receiving device extracts the values ​​of these bits and obtains the payload frequency band information according to the predefined mapping relationship of the protocol.

[0059] In other embodiments, the signal receiving device can also determine the preamble band corresponding to the preamble symbol by performing spectrum analysis on the received preamble symbol and measuring the frequency range it occupies.

[0060] The signal receiving device first determines the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data based on the payload frequency band information, and then compares the payload frequency band with the preamble frequency band.

[0061] Signal receiving equipment can determine whether the payload band and the preamble band are the same by comparing one or more of the following: whether the number of subcarriers is equal, whether the center frequencies are the same, or whether the frequency ranges are consistent. For example, if the number of subcarriers is equal and the center frequencies are the same, they are determined to be the same communication frequency band; otherwise, they are determined to be different communication frequency bands.

[0062] After obtaining the payload frequency band information, the signal receiving device compares the payload frequency band information with the known preamble frequency band information. If the comparison result shows that the communication frequency band of the payload data is the same as the communication frequency band of the preamble symbol, then there is no need to adjust the first gain coefficient; the first gain coefficient can be directly used to amplify the payload data. If the comparison result shows that they are different, then gain adjustment is triggered.

[0063] The signal receiving device first acquires the current channel state information. In some embodiments, the signal receiving device performs channel estimation based on the frequency domain processing results of the preamble symbol obtained during synchronization detection, obtaining the original channel estimation result and the filtered channel estimation result, and then calculates the effective signal energy and noise energy as channel state information. Afterward, the signal receiving device adjusts the first gain coefficient based on the payload frequency band information and the channel state information, and uses the adjusted first gain coefficient as the second gain coefficient.

[0064] In some implementations, the signal receiving device determines the ratio of the number of subcarriers in the communication frequency band of the payload data to the number of subcarriers in the communication frequency band of the preamble symbol, and adjusts the first gain coefficient based on the ratio of the number of subcarriers to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0065] In other embodiments, the signal receiving device pre-establishes a mapping table between communication frequency bands and gain compensation values. The mapping table records the gain compensation values ​​of different load frequency bands relative to the preamble frequency band. The mapping table is searched according to the load frequency band information, and the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the gain compensation value to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0066] Through the above adjustments, the signal receiving device can obtain a second gain coefficient suitable for the payload data frequency band, so that the energy of the payload signal is stabilized within the ideal range before entering the demodulation module, avoiding the problem of excessively high or low energy due to different communication frequency bands, thus providing a good gain reference for subsequent gain amplification and demodulation processing.

[0067] Step 140: Perform gain processing on the load data based on the second gain coefficient.

[0068] Gain processing refers to the operation of amplifying or reducing the amplitude of the received signal to adapt the signal energy to the dynamic range of the subsequent demodulation module. For example, gain processing includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: analog domain gain adjustment, digital domain multiplication operations, etc.

[0069] After obtaining the second gain coefficient, the signal receiving device applies it to the payload data portion of the HPLC signal. Specifically, the signal receiving device first locates the start and end positions of the payload data based on the frame synchronization position and frame control field. Then, based on the second gain coefficient, the signal receiving device amplifies the gain of each sampling point (or the time-domain signal of each OFDM symbol) of the payload data, on a per-sampling-point or per-symbol basis. The processed payload data signal energy is stabilized within a preset target energy range and then sent to the subsequent demodulation module for data recovery.

[0070] In some implementations, the demodulation module performs data recovery operations including, but not limited to, one or more of the following: channel equalization, demapping, deinterleaving, and decoding.

[0071] Through the above steps, since the second gain coefficient has been determined based on the communication frequency band of the payload data and the current channel state information, the energy of the processed payload signal will not be too high and thus not produce clipping distortion, nor will it be too low and thus be overwhelmed by noise. That is, it is within the preset energy range, which improves the input signal quality of subsequent demodulation processing.

[0072] It should be noted that ensuring the signal energy of the payload data is within a preset energy range before demodulation is primarily because, since the preamble symbol and the payload data may use different communication frequency bands, directly using the first gain coefficient locked based on the preamble symbol often results in the payload signal energy deviating from the demodulator's optimal input range. By adaptively adjusting the first gain coefficient based on payload frequency band information and channel state information, and then using the adjusted second gain coefficient to perform gain processing on the payload data, the payload signal energy can be adjusted to a preset energy range that matches the demodulator's dynamic range.

[0073] Furthermore, by adjusting the first gain coefficient based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information, precise control of the payload signal energy can still be achieved even in communication frequency band switching scenarios. In short, this embodiment of the invention does not simply apply the preamble gain adjustment to the payload data, but rather adjusts the gain according to the payload's own frequency band characteristics and the current channel conditions. This ensures that regardless of the frequency band used by the payload, its pre-demodulation signal energy consistently falls within a preset energy range, thereby maximizing the input signal quality of the demodulator and improving overall communication reliability.

[0074] The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system provided by the present invention determines a first gain coefficient based on the preamble symbol of the received HPLC signal. This allows for rapid locking of an appropriate gain during the synchronization phase based on the actual energy level of the preamble signal, ensuring stability and reliability in preamble symbol reception and synchronization. Subsequently, the payload frequency band information corresponding to the payload data in the HPLC signal is obtained, thereby determining the communication frequency band of the payload signal. If the payload frequency band information indicates that the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data differs from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain a second gain coefficient. This method effectively solves the gain mismatch problem caused by the difference between the preamble and payload frequency bands. It combines the signal energy variation characteristics reflected by the payload frequency band with the noise level of the current channel, enabling gain adjustment to compensate for energy jumps caused by communication frequency band switching and the influence of the channel environment. This achieves precise adaptive control of the payload signal energy, avoiding signal clipping distortion caused by excessive gain or signal being submerged by noise due to excessive gain. This allows the system to maintain stable gain adaptation capability even in low signal-to-noise ratio or strong interference scenarios. Finally, gain processing is performed on the payload data based on the second gain coefficient, stabilizing the payload signal energy within the ideal range, significantly improving signal demodulation performance and communication reliability.

[0075] In the process of adjusting the first gain coefficient based on load frequency band information and channel state information, the key to the adjustment accuracy lies in how to accurately quantify the impact of communication frequency band differences on signal energy and how to incorporate channel noise factors into the gain compensation calculation. If the gain is simply adjusted linearly according to the communication frequency band differences while ignoring the noise components in the channel, insufficient or excessive compensation may occur in low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios, still causing the load energy to deviate from the ideal range.

[0076] Based on this, in some embodiments, the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain the second gain coefficient. Specifically, this includes: determining the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band based on the payload frequency band information; determining the frequency band coefficient between the payload frequency band and the preamble frequency band based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol; determining the gain adjustment coefficient based on the channel state information and the frequency band coefficient corresponding to the preamble symbol; and adjusting the first gain coefficient based on the gain adjustment coefficient to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0077] The number of subcarriers refers to the number of effective subcarriers used to carry data in an OFDM symbol. Different communication frequency bands typically correspond to different numbers of subcarriers, and the number of subcarriers is positively correlated with the bandwidth of the communication frequency band. In some implementations, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload data can be directly obtained from the payload frequency band information, while the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol is a known parameter pre-configured by the signal receiving device.

[0078] Furthermore, the frequency band coefficient is a coefficient obtained based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol. It is used to characterize the bandwidth or energy ratio of the payload frequency band relative to the preamble frequency band. The intermediate calculation quantity obtained by using the frequency band coefficient and the channel state information corresponding to the preamble symbol to correct the first gain coefficient is called the gain adjustment coefficient.

[0079] In some embodiments, the frequency band coefficient is the ratio of the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band to the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0080] Different communication frequency bands typically employ different numbers of subcarriers, with the number of subcarriers being directly proportional to the band bandwidth. For example, a preamble symbol might use 256 subcarriers, while payload data might use 512 subcarriers.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the frequency band coefficient refers to the ratio of the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band to the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol. Let the frequency band coefficient be... If the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band is The number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol is Then the following equation is satisfied: (1) It should be noted that the frequency band coefficient It is a dimensionless positive number that reflects the degree of bandwidth scaling of the payload frequency band relative to the preamble frequency band. It also represents the theoretical multiple relationship between the effective signal energy of the payload and the effective signal energy of the preamble under the condition that the power spectral density of the signal transmitting equipment is the same.

[0082] By using the ratio of the number of subcarriers as the frequency band coefficient, the energy scaling relationship between different communication frequency bands can be accurately reflected, avoiding subjective or empirical estimations and further improving the accuracy of gain adjustment.

[0083] After determining the frequency band coefficients between the payload frequency band and the preamble frequency band based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol, the signal receiving device further determines the gain adjustment coefficient based on the channel state information and the frequency band coefficients corresponding to the preamble symbol; and then adjusts the first gain coefficient based on the gain adjustment coefficient to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0084] In the above embodiments, by introducing a frequency band coefficient based on the subcarrier ratio, the impact of communication frequency band differences on energy is effectively quantified, accurately reflecting the theoretical multiple relationship of effective signal energy between different frequency bands. The gain adjustment coefficient is calculated based on channel state information and frequency band coefficient, so that the gain not only considers the energy changes caused by communication frequency band switching, but also the noise in the channel, etc., realizing precise control of the total energy of the load signal, so that it can still maintain excellent adjustment effect in low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios, significantly improving the demodulation success rate and communication reliability of the multi-band HPLC system in complex channel environments.

[0085] In some embodiments, the gain adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the following relationship: (2) in, This is the gain adjustment factor. This represents the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data. This represents the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0086] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining gain adjustment coefficients based on channel state information and frequency band coefficients corresponding to preamble symbols, as provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes steps 210 to 240.

[0087] Step 210: Determine the effective signal energy corresponding to the payload data based on the frequency band coefficients and the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0088] In this context, the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol represents the pure signal power in the preamble symbol without noise, while the noise energy corresponding to the preamble symbol represents the power contributed by channel noise. It should be noted that since noise energy is primarily determined by the channel environment and is independent of the transmission frequency band, the noise energy corresponding to the payload data can be considered the same as the noise energy corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0089] Furthermore, the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol refers to the sum of the effective signal energy and noise energy in the preamble symbol. Let the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol be... The noise energy corresponding to the preamble symbol and the noise energy corresponding to the payload data are both... Effective signal energy corresponding to the payload data It is calculated by the following formula: (3) Step 220: Determine the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol based on the effective signal energy and noise energy corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0090] Among them, the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol The effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol Noise energy corresponding to the preamble symbol The sum is as follows: (4) Step 230: Determine the total signal energy corresponding to the load data based on the effective signal energy and noise energy corresponding to the load data.

[0091] Among them, the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data Effective signal energy based on payload data and noise energy The sum is obtained as follows: (5) Step 240: Determine the gain adjustment coefficient based on the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol and the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data.

[0092] The signal receiving device is based on the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol. Total signal energy corresponding to the load data Determine the gain adjustment coefficient As shown in the following formula: (6) In some implementations, the gain adjustment factor It can also be derived and calculated based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter. Let the SNR corresponding to the preamble symbol be... If the unit is decibels, then the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol is... With noise energy Satisfy the following formula: (7) From this, we can deduce that... and The relationship between them: (8) When the frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol is different from the frequency band of the payload data, a frequency band coefficient is introduced. Gain adjustment coefficient The following formula was used for calculation: (9) The above derivation process shows that the gain adjustment coefficient is determined by the frequency band coefficient. and signal-to-noise ratio Together, we decide when the signal-to-noise ratio At a very high level, Approaching 0, At this point, the effective signal energy of the load signal needs to be compensated, mainly to compensate for the change in effective signal energy caused by frequency band differences (changes in the number of subcarriers); when the signal-to-noise ratio When very low, Approaching ,but There is no need to make substantial adjustments to the gain, because the noise is already much greater than the signal, and excessive adjustment may amplify the noise or introduce distortion.

[0093] In the above embodiments, the gain adjustment coefficient is determined based on the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data and the total signal energy of the preamble symbol. The total signal energy of the preamble band and the total signal energy of the payload data are calculated separately and their ratios are taken. This allows the gain adjustment coefficient to have adaptive capability under different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments. When the SNR is high, the gain adjustment coefficient approaches the band coefficient, mainly compensating for energy jumps caused by band differences. When the SNR is low, the gain adjustment coefficient approaches 1, avoiding unnecessary gain adjustments in noise-dominated scenarios that could lead to performance degradation. In addition, the calculation method of this gain adjustment coefficient is relatively simple, requiring no complex iterations or searches, resulting in high computational efficiency. This significantly improves the accuracy, robustness, and demodulation reliability of payload signal gain adjustment in multi-band communication scenarios.

[0094] In some embodiments, the second gain coefficient is obtained by dividing the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient.

[0095] After determining the gain adjustment coefficient Then, the signal receiving device adjusts the first gain coefficient based on the comparison between the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data and the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0096] Wherein, the gain adjustment coefficient satisfies When the total signal energy corresponding to the load data Greater than the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol This indicates that the frequency band corresponding to the payload data is wider, meaning there are more subcarriers. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the first gain coefficient. ,but Divide the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient. This reduces the first gain coefficient, resulting in the second gain coefficient.

[0097] It is easy to understand that when the total signal energy corresponding to the load data... Less than the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol This indicates that the frequency band corresponding to the payload data is narrower, meaning there are fewer subcarriers. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the first gain coefficient. ,but Divide the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient. This will increase the first gain coefficient and obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0098] Therefore, when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data representing the load frequency band information is different from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the first gain coefficient is divided by the gain adjustment coefficient. That is, the first gain coefficient is adjusted to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0099] In the above embodiments, the second gain coefficient is obtained by dividing the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient. This ensures that whether the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data is greater than the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol, or the total signal energy corresponding to the payload data is less than the total signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol, it is only necessary to divide the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient. The calculation is simple and does not require complex conditional branches or judgment logic. Moreover, regardless of whether the payload frequency band is wider or narrower than the preamble frequency band, this adjustment method can adaptively generate the correct adjustment direction and appropriate adjustment amplitude, which significantly improves the reliability of gain adjustment and demodulation performance in multi-band communication scenarios.

[0100] Since the preamble symbol and payload data may use different communication frequency bands, and from the perspective of the signal transmitting device, the effective signal energy is directly related to the number of subcarriers used; the more subcarriers, the greater the effective signal energy in the time domain. Therefore, from the perspective of the signal receiving device, the first gain coefficient locked based on the time domain energy of the preamble symbol cannot be directly used when the frequency band of the payload data changes. By acquiring the frequency band information of the payload data and adjusting the first gain coefficient accordingly, the signal energy corresponding to the payload data can be maintained within an ideal dynamic range similar to that of the preamble symbol. Specifically, when the payload frequency band is wider (more subcarriers), the gain is correspondingly reduced to prevent signal saturation; when the payload frequency band is narrower (fewer subcarriers), the gain is correspondingly increased appropriately to prevent the signal energy from being too low and overwhelmed by noise. Through this adaptive adjustment, precise control of the payload signal energy can be effectively achieved, preventing signal saturation or excessively low energy, thereby significantly improving demodulation performance and communication reliability in multi-band communication scenarios.

[0101] In practical communication systems, preamble symbols and payload data may also be transmitted using the same frequency band. In this case, since the frequency band remains unchanged, the number of subcarriers is the same, and the signal energy characteristics are consistent, there is no need to adjust the first gain coefficient. Performing gain adjustment under these circumstances would not only waste computational resources but may also introduce unnecessary processing errors.

[0102] Based on this, in some embodiments, when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data and the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol are the same, the load data is subjected to gain processing based on the first gain coefficient.

[0103] After acquiring the payload frequency band information, the signal receiving device compares it with the pre-configured preamble frequency band information. If the comparison result is the same, the current first gain coefficient remains unchanged and is not adjusted. After locating the starting position of the payload data, the first gain coefficient is directly applied to the gain amplification processing of the payload data, and the processed payload data is sent to the subsequent demodulation module for data recovery.

[0104] It is readily understood that, in the aforementioned embodiments, the gain adjustment coefficient If the load frequency band corresponding to the load data is the same as the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, then Gain adjustment coefficient According to the aforementioned embodiments, adjusting the first gain coefficient based on the gain adjustment coefficient is essentially equivalent to keeping the current first gain coefficient unchanged.

[0105] In the above embodiments, when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data is the same as the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the load data is processed based on the first gain coefficient, which effectively saves computing resources and simplifies the gain processing process. It effectively avoids quantization errors and additional power consumption introduced by unnecessary adjustment calculations, and enables the load signal energy to have good stability and demodulation performance in the same frequency band scenario.

[0106] Determining the first gain coefficient is crucial for subsequent calculations. Only by accurately determining the first gain coefficient can the gain be precisely adjusted based on the load frequency band information and channel state information, thereby ensuring that the load signal energy is within the ideal dynamic range.

[0107] Based on this, in some embodiments, determining the first gain coefficient based on the leading symbol of the HPLC signal specifically includes: performing synchronous detection on the HPLC signal to obtain a synchronous detection result; determining the signal energy of the leading symbol based on the synchronous detection result; and determining the first gain coefficient based on a comparison between the signal energy of the leading symbol and the target energy range.

[0108] The synchronization detection result refers to a series of output information obtained by the signal receiving device after performing synchronization calculations on the received signal. For example, the synchronization detection result includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: cross-correlation value, autocorrelation value, the position and peak amplitude of the detected correlation peak, the count of consecutive correlation peaks, and a determination flag indicating whether the initial synchronization condition is met. In some embodiments, the synchronization detection result is used to determine the occurrence time and signal strength of the synchronization sequence in the preamble symbol.

[0109] The signal energy of the preamble symbol refers to the power or energy value of the preamble symbol in the time domain at the synchronization position determined by synchronization detection. In some implementations, the signal energy of the preamble symbol can be obtained by the signal receiving device accumulating the energy of the sampled points of the received signal near the moment when the correlation peak is detected (e.g., calculating the sum of squares of the amplitudes of all sampled points within one OFDM symbol period).

[0110] The target energy range refers to a pre-defined range of received signal energy that enables the subsequent demodulation module to achieve optimal performance. The lower limit of the target energy range is used to prevent the signal from being overwhelmed by quantization noise, while the upper limit is used to prevent clipping distortion caused by analog-to-digital converter saturation. In some implementations, the target energy range can be determined by the dynamic range and quantization accuracy of the signal receiving device, or determined through system design, simulation, etc.

[0111] The signal receiving device performs synchronous calculations on the received HPLC signal. In a feasible implementation, the signal receiving device uses cross-correlation and autocorrelation operations to detect the correlation peaks corresponding to the synchronization sequence in the leader symbol. When a correlation peak is detected, its peak position and peak amplitude are recorded, and it is determined whether the initial synchronization condition is met (e.g., a preset number of correlation peaks are detected consecutively).

[0112] During synchronization detection, when the signal receiving device first detects a correlation peak that meets the initial synchronization conditions (e.g., the first valid correlation peak), it determines the time-domain window of the preamble symbol (e.g., a sampling point interval of one OFDM symbol length) based on the position of this correlation peak. The sum of squared amplitudes (or average power) of all sampling points within this window is calculated as the signal energy of the preamble symbol. Based on this, the signal receiving device compares the calculated signal energy of the preamble symbol with a preset target energy range, and determines the first gain coefficient according to the comparison result.

[0113] In some implementations, when the signal energy of the preceding symbol is less than the lower limit of the target energy range, the current AGC coefficient is increased; when the signal energy of the preceding symbol is greater than the upper limit of the target energy range, the current AGC coefficient is decreased; if the signal energy of the preceding symbol is within the target energy range, the AGC coefficient remains unchanged.

[0114] In other implementations, the signal receiving device remeasures the energy of the preamble symbol each time it adjusts the AGC coefficient, until the energy falls within the target energy range.

[0115] When the synchronization detection result meets the initial synchronization condition (such as the continuous correlation peak count value reaching the preset threshold), the signal receiving device locks the currently adjusted AGC coefficient as the first gain coefficient.

[0116] In the above embodiments, the signal energy of the preamble symbol is determined by the synchronous detection result obtained by synchronous detection of the HPLC signal, and the first gain coefficient is determined by the comparison result of the signal energy of the preamble symbol and the target energy range. This effectively avoids the gain deviation caused by unstable signal or false synchronization, so that the first gain coefficient can truly reflect the gain reference under the current channel, providing accurate starting information for subsequent load band judgment and gain adjustment.

[0117] Determining the channel state information is also crucial for accurately determining the gain adjustment coefficient. In some embodiments, the channel state information includes the channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the channel SNR is determined as follows: channel estimation is performed based on the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol to obtain the channel estimation result; the channel estimation result is filtered to obtain the filtered channel estimation result; the noise energy is determined based on the difference between the channel estimation results before and after filtering; the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined based on the channel estimation result and the noise energy; and the channel SNR is determined based on the effective signal energy and the noise energy.

[0118] The frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol refers to the frequency domain complex array obtained by performing a time-frequency transformation (e.g., Fast Fourier Transform) on the time-domain sampling points of the preamble symbol. Each element of this array corresponds to a received complex value on a subcarrier, which is the basic input for subsequent channel estimation and noise calculation.

[0119] The channel estimation result refers to the channel frequency response estimate obtained by calculating the subcarrier ratio based on the frequency domain processing result and the frequency domain representation of the local known synchronization sequence (e.g., least squares estimation). It contains the true channel response and noise components and is used to measure channel characteristics.

[0120] Filtering refers to the smoothing process performed on channel estimation results, aiming to suppress the influence of random noise and make the estimation results closer to the true channel response. Examples of filtering include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: moving average filtering, Kalman filtering, Wiener filtering, etc.

[0121] The signal receiving device first acquires the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol. After satisfying the initial synchronization condition and locking the first gain coefficient, the signal receiving device continues to perform synchronization correlation detection on the received signal. Whenever a correlation peak corresponding to the synchronization sequence is detected, the time domain received signal at the corresponding position of the correlation peak is extracted and subjected to a Fast Fourier Transform to obtain the single frequency domain processing result. The signal receiving device accumulates and averages the frequency domain processing results corresponding to multiple consecutive valid correlation peaks to obtain the final preamble symbol frequency domain processing result.

[0122] Subsequently, the signal receiving device calculates the subcarrier-by-subcarrier ratio based on the frequency domain processing result and the frequency domain representation of the known synchronization sequence stored locally, to obtain the channel estimation result. To suppress noise, the signal receiving device filters the channel estimation result by taking a weighted average of the original estimation result of the current symbol and the filtered result of the previous symbol to obtain the filtered channel estimation result.

[0123] In some implementations, the signal receiving device calculates the difference between the channel estimation result and the filtered channel estimation result, and squares (or averages the squares) the difference to obtain the noise energy. Based on the difference between the channel estimation results before and after filtering, the noise energy is determined. Subsequently, the signal receiving device subtracts the noise energy from the energy of the channel estimation result to obtain the effective signal energy, and thus determines the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol based on the channel estimation result and the noise energy.

[0124] In other implementations, the signal receiving device calculates the ratio of effective signal energy to noise energy and converts it to a decibel value as the channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The obtained SNR, along with the frequency band coefficients, is used in subsequent gain adjustment factor calculations.

[0125] In the above embodiments, the noise energy is determined by the difference between the channel estimation result and the filtered channel estimation result, and the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined based on the channel estimation result and the noise energy, thereby determining the channel signal-to-noise ratio. This can accurately separate the signal components and noise components, improve the real-time performance and accuracy of the signal-to-noise ratio estimation, and provide reliable channel state information for the accurate calculation of the gain adjustment coefficient.

[0126] In some embodiments, the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined in the following manner: after determining the first gain coefficient, the first gain coefficient is locked, and synchronous correlation detection of the HPLC signal continues; for each correlation peak corresponding to the preamble synchronization sequence detected, the received signal at the corresponding position is frequency domain transformed to obtain a single frequency domain processing result; the single frequency domain processing results obtained multiple times are averaged to obtain the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol.

[0127] The single-pass frequency domain processing result refers to the frequency domain complex array obtained by extracting a time-domain sampling point of one OFDM symbol length based on the position of each valid correlation peak detected, and then transforming it. For example, the transform can be a Fast Fourier Transform.

[0128] Averaging refers to the process of averaging multiple single frequency domain processing results (averaging per subcarrier) to obtain the final frequency domain processing result.

[0129] When the signal receiving device detects consecutive correlation peaks (e.g., three consecutive correlation peaks) that satisfy the initial synchronization condition, it locks the current first gain coefficient. Thereafter, the signal receiving device maintains this gain coefficient and continues to perform synchronization correlation detection on the received signal to search for subsequent synchronization sequence correlation peaks.

[0130] In some implementations, each time the signal receiving device detects a new correlation peak corresponding to a synchronization sequence (SYNCP), it records the sampling position of the peak, extracts the time-domain signal of one OFDM symbol length (e.g., 1024 sampling points) following that position, performs a Fast Fourier Transform on it, and obtains a single frequency domain processing result. Afterward, the signal receiving device accumulates the currently obtained single frequency domain processing result into a pre-allocated accumulation buffer and increments the accumulated count. When the accumulated count reaches a preset threshold (e.g., four consecutive valid correlation peaks are detected) or a flag sequence (SYNCM) is detected, the signal receiving device calculates the arithmetic mean of the complex results on each subcarrier in the accumulation buffer to obtain the final preamble symbol frequency domain processing result, which is used for subsequent channel estimation, noise energy, and effective signal energy calculations.

[0131] In the above embodiments, by locking the first gain coefficient after determining it and averaging the single frequency domain processing result to obtain the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol, the influence of random noise on the frequency domain processing result can be significantly suppressed, and the signal-to-noise ratio and stability of the frequency domain processing result can be improved. At the same time, gain locking makes multiple symbols have amplitude consistency, avoiding the additional error introduced by gain fluctuations to the averaging result, thereby providing reliable basic data for subsequent channel estimation, noise energy and signal-to-noise ratio calculation.

[0132] The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system provided in this embodiment of the invention can be executed by an OFDM-based HPLC signal gain processing device. This embodiment of the invention uses an OFDM-based HPLC signal gain processing device executing the OFDM-based HPLC signal gain processing method as an example to illustrate the OFDM-based HPLC signal gain processing device provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0133] This invention also provides an HPLC signal gain processing device based on an OFDM system.

[0134] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the HPLC signal gain processing device based on an OFDM system provided in some embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the HPLC signal gain processing device based on the OFDM system includes: a receiving module 301, an acquisition module 302, an adjustment module 303, and a processing module 304.

[0135] The receiving module 301 is used to receive the HPLC signal and determine the first gain coefficient based on the leading sign of the HPLC signal; The acquisition module 302 is used to acquire the load frequency band information corresponding to the load data in the HPLC signal; The adjustment module 303 is used to adjust the first gain coefficient based on the load frequency band information and the current channel state information when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data and the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol are different, so as to obtain the second gain coefficient. Processing module 304 is used to perform gain processing on the load data based on the second gain coefficient.

[0136] The HPLC signal gain processing device based on an OFDM system provided by the present invention determines a first gain coefficient based on the preamble symbol of the received HPLC signal. This allows for rapid locking of an appropriate gain during the synchronization phase based on the actual energy level of the preamble signal, ensuring stability and reliability in preamble symbol reception and synchronization. Subsequently, the device acquires the payload frequency band information corresponding to the payload data in the HPLC signal, thereby determining the communication frequency band of the payload signal. If the payload frequency band information indicates that the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data differs from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the payload frequency band information and the current channel state information to obtain a second gain coefficient. This method effectively solves the gain mismatch problem caused by the difference between the preamble and payload frequency bands. It combines the signal energy variation characteristics reflected by the payload frequency band with the noise level of the current channel, enabling gain adjustment to compensate for energy jumps caused by communication frequency band switching and the influence of the channel environment. This achieves precise adaptive control of the payload signal energy, avoiding signal clipping distortion caused by excessive gain or signal being submerged by noise due to excessive gain. This allows the system to maintain stable gain adaptation capability even in low signal-to-noise ratio or strong interference scenarios. Finally, gain processing is performed on the payload data based on the second gain coefficient, stabilizing the payload signal energy within the ideal range, significantly improving signal demodulation performance and communication reliability.

[0137] In some embodiments, the adjustment module is further configured to: determine the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band based on the payload frequency band information; determine the frequency band coefficient between the payload frequency band and the preamble frequency band based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol; determine the gain adjustment coefficient based on the channel state information and the frequency band coefficient corresponding to the preamble symbol; and adjust the first gain coefficient based on the gain adjustment coefficient to obtain the second gain coefficient.

[0138] In some embodiments, the processing module is further configured to perform gain processing on the load data based on a first gain coefficient when the load frequency band corresponding to the load data and the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol are the same.

[0139] In some embodiments, the receiving module is further configured to simultaneously detect the HPLC signal to obtain a simultaneous detection result; determine the signal energy of the leader symbol based on the simultaneous detection result; and determine a first gain coefficient based on a comparison between the signal energy of the leader symbol and the target energy range.

[0140] In some embodiments, the adjustment module is further configured to perform channel estimation based on the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol to obtain a channel estimation result; filter the channel estimation result to obtain a filtered channel estimation result; determine the noise energy based on the difference between the channel estimation results before and after filtering; determine the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol based on the channel estimation result and the noise energy; and determine the channel signal-to-noise ratio based on the effective signal energy and the noise energy.

[0141] In some embodiments, the adjustment module is further configured to lock the first gain coefficient after determining the first gain coefficient, and continue to perform synchronous correlation detection on the HPLC signal; for each correlation peak corresponding to the leader synchronization sequence detected, perform frequency domain transformation on the received signal at the corresponding position to obtain a single frequency domain processing result; and perform average processing on the multiple single frequency domain processing results to obtain the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the leader symbol.

[0142] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0143] The HPLC signal gain processing device based on the OFDM system in this embodiment of the invention can be an electronic device or a component within an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. This electronic device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal, such as a server.

[0144] The HPLC signal gain processing device based on the OFDM system provided in this embodiment of the invention can realize all the processes implemented in the above-described HPLC signal gain processing method embodiment based on the OFDM system. To avoid repetition, these processes will not be described again here.

[0145] In some embodiments, Figure 4 These are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device 400, including a processor 401, a memory 402, and a computer program stored in the memory 402 and executable on the processor 401. When the program is executed by the processor 401, it implements the various processes of the above-described embodiment of the HPLC signal gain processing method based on the OFDM system and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0146] This invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the various processes of the above-described HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0147] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0148] The computer-readable storage medium may include: read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.

[0149] This invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system.

[0150] This invention provides a chip that includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0151] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0152] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0153] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0154] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0155] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0156] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for HPLC signal gain processing based on an OFDM system, characterized in that, include: Receive the HPLC signal and determine the first gain coefficient based on the leading sign of the HPLC signal; Obtain the load frequency band information corresponding to the load data in the HPLC signal; When the payload frequency band information indicates that the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data is different from the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band is determined based on the payload frequency band information. Based on the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band and the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol, a frequency band coefficient between the payload frequency band and the preamble frequency band is determined; the frequency band coefficient is the ratio of the number of subcarriers corresponding to the payload frequency band to the number of subcarriers corresponding to the preamble symbol. Based on the channel state information corresponding to the preamble symbol and the frequency band coefficients, the gain adjustment coefficients are determined; the gain adjustment coefficients are calculated based on the following relationship: in, The gain adjustment coefficient is... The frequency band coefficients, The signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the preamble symbol; The first gain coefficient is adjusted based on the gain adjustment coefficient to obtain the second gain coefficient; The load data is then subjected to gain processing based on the second gain coefficient.

2. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gain coefficient is obtained by dividing the first gain coefficient by the gain adjustment coefficient.

3. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the payload frequency band information indicates that the payload frequency band corresponding to the payload data is the same as the preamble frequency band corresponding to the preamble symbol, the payload data is subjected to gain processing based on the first gain coefficient.

4. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the first gain coefficient based on the preamble symbol of the HPLC signal includes: The HPLC signal was simultaneously detected to obtain the simultaneous detection results; The signal energy of the preamble symbol is determined based on the synchronous detection results. The first gain coefficient is determined based on the comparison between the signal energy of the preamble symbol and the target energy range.

5. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel state information includes the channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the channel SNR is determined in the following way: Channel estimation is performed based on the frequency domain processing results corresponding to the preamble symbol to obtain the channel estimation result. The channel estimation result is filtered to obtain the filtered channel estimation result. The noise energy is determined based on the difference between the channel estimation results before and after filtering. Based on the channel estimation results and the noise energy, the effective signal energy corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined; The channel signal-to-noise ratio is determined based on the effective signal energy and the noise energy.

6. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol is determined in the following way: After determining the first gain coefficient, the first gain coefficient is locked, and synchronous correlation detection of the HPLC signal continues. For each correlation peak corresponding to the preamble synchronization sequence detected, the received signal at the corresponding position is transformed in the frequency domain to obtain the result of a single frequency domain processing. The frequency domain processing results obtained from multiple single frequency domain processing operations are averaged to obtain the frequency domain processing result corresponding to the preamble symbol.

7. The HPLC signal gain processing method based on an OFDM system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preamble frequency band is a pre-configured fixed frequency band, and the load frequency band is indicated by the frame control field in the HPLC signal.

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