A solid waste material briquetting apparatus for pre-testing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of solid waste material compression molding equipment before test, it is related to solid waste compression technology field, including main body, the front of main body is sequentially provided with upper die punch, female die and lower die punch from top to bottom, the upper die punch and lower die punch can be slidably matched in the cavity of female die, feeding unit is arranged between the main body and the upper die punch, and the discharge end of the feeding unit is arranged in the upper die punch.The application makes the female die in the compression process in floating state, when the upper die punch is pressed down, the friction between the powder and the inner wall of female die can drive the female die to descend synchronously, the floating effect makes the lower die punch relatively enter the female die cavity deeper position and generate reverse pressure, significantly improve the density uniformity of briquetting in vertical direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste pressing technology, specifically to a solid waste pressing and molding device for pre-testing. Background Technology

[0002] During the compression molding process of solid waste powder, the powder is usually compressed by the cooperation of an upper die and a female die. The upper die moves downward and enters the cavity of the female die to apply vertical pressure to the powder. After being compressed, the volume of the powder decreases and gradually forms a compressed block with a certain strength.

[0003] However, there is a key problem affecting the pressing effect of solid waste powder during the pressing process: the powder particles expand outward under vertical pressure and generate positive pressure on the inner wall of the die. This positive pressure generates friction between the powder and the inner wall of the die, and this friction increases with the increase of pressing pressure. As this friction accumulates along the depth of the powder layer, the pressure applied by the upper die gradually decreases as it is transmitted downward. The powder closer to the bottom bears less actual pressing pressure, which ultimately causes a density gradient phenomenon in the vertical direction, with a higher density at the top and a lower density at the bottom, resulting in poor pressing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for pressing and molding solid waste before testing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for pressing and molding solid waste materials before testing, comprising: The main body has an upper die punch, a female die, and a lower die punch arranged sequentially from top to bottom at the front of the main body. The upper die punch and the lower die punch are slidably fitted into the cavity of the female die. A feeding unit is disposed between the main body and the upper die punch, and the discharge end of the feeding unit is disposed inside the upper die punch for supplying solid waste powder into the cavity of the female die. Several drive rods are provided, which are respectively connected to the upper die punch and the lower die punch, and are used to drive the upper die punch and the lower die punch to rise and fall; A follower unit is disposed at the connection between the upper die punch and the female die, and the follower unit is used to drive the female die to rise and fall when the upper die punch rises and falls; A vibration unit is installed on the outside of the female mold and is used to apply vibration to the solid waste powder inside the female mold. The discharge unit is located between the main body and the lower die punch, and is used to push out the pressed solid waste block.

[0006] Furthermore, the vibration unit includes: A high-frequency oscillator is installed on the outside of the female mold, and the kinetic energy output direction of the high-frequency oscillator is horizontal.

[0007] Furthermore, several high-frequency oscillators are provided and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals on the outside of the female mold.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: A pressure sensor is positioned between the lower die punch and the drive rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the follower unit includes: Two hanging lugs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the female mold; Two limiting members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper die punch, and the end of the limiting member away from the upper die punch is slidably connected to the hanging ear.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding unit includes: The discharge pipe has its output end located above the middle of the upper die punch. Two pressure plate components are located inside the upper die punch and are symmetrically arranged below the discharge tube. The pressure plate components are connected to the upper die punch via spring shafts. Two support members are provided at the connection between the upper die punch and the adjacent pressure plate member. The vertical cross section of the support member is a right triangle. One right-angled side of the support member is connected to the inner wall of the upper die punch, and the other right-angled side abuts against the pressure plate member.

[0011] Furthermore, the discharge unit includes: The platform is located below the front end of the main body, and the platform has a through hole to accommodate the lower die punch; An ejector is connected to the main body and is located above one side of the platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the discharge unit also includes: A lifting component is disposed between the lower die punch and the drive rod, and the pressure sensor is located between the lifting component and the lower die punch.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: The follower unit makes the female mold float during the pressing process. When the upper die punches downward to press, the friction between the powder and the inner wall of the female mold can drive the female mold to move downward synchronously. This floating effect allows the lower die punch to enter a deeper position in the female mold cavity and generate reverse pressure, which significantly improves the density uniformity of the pressed block in the vertical direction. The high-frequency vibrator of the vibration unit applies high-frequency vibration in the horizontal direction to the female mold. This vibration transforms the static friction between the powder and the inner wall of the female mold into dynamic friction, which greatly reduces the coefficient of friction and effectively reduces the attenuation of the pressing pressure, allowing the pressure of the upper die punch to be transmitted more fully to the bottom of the powder. Through the coordinated operation of the feeding unit and the drive rod, the equipment can realize a batch feeding and multiple gradual pressure increase pressing strategy, which further improves the uniformity of powder distribution in the cavity. At the same time, the pressure sensor detects whether the powder weight meets the standard during the feeding stage and detects the pressing pressure in real time during the pressing stage, realizing precise closed-loop control of the pressing process and ensuring the quality consistency of each batch of solid waste briquettes. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressing mold of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the upper die punch structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper die punch of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional view of the upper die punch structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower die punch of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the discharge unit of the present invention (the right side of the platform is hidden).

[0015] In the picture: 1. Main body; 101. Upper die punch; 102. Female die; 103. Lower die punch; 2. Feeding unit; 201. Discharge pipe; 202. Pressure plate; 203. Supporting component; 3. Follow-up unit; 301. Lug; 302. Limiting component; 4. Drive lever; 5. Discharge unit; 501. Platform; 502. Ejector; 503. Lifting component; 6. Vibration unit; 601. High-frequency oscillator; 7. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for pressing and molding solid waste materials before testing, comprising: The main body 1 has an upper die punch 101, a female die 102 and a lower die punch 103 arranged sequentially from top to bottom at the front of the main body 1. The upper die punch 101 and the lower die punch 103 are slidably fitted into the cavity of the female die 102. The feeding unit 2 is located between the main body 1 and the upper die punch 101. The discharge end of the feeding unit 2 is located inside the upper die punch 101 and is used to supply solid waste powder into the cavity of the female die 102. The drive rod 4 is provided in several parts, which are respectively connected to the upper die punch 101 and the lower die punch 103, and are used to drive the upper die punch 101 and the lower die punch 103 to rise and fall. Follower unit 3 is located at the connection between upper die punch 101 and female die 102. Follower unit 3 is used to drive female die 102 to rise and fall when upper die punch 101 rises and falls. Vibration unit 6 is installed on the outside of the female mold 102 and is used to apply vibration to the solid waste powder inside the female mold 102; The discharge unit 5 is located between the main body 1 and the lower die punch 103 and is used to push out the pressed solid waste block.

[0018] During operation, the drive rod 4 first controls the upper die punch 101 and the lower die punch 103 to approach each other until the upper die punch 101, the female die 102 and the lower die punch 103 cooperate to form a cavity. Then the feeding unit 2 feeds the solid waste powder mixed with curing agent into the cavity of the female die 102 through the upper die punch 101 to complete the first filling. After the material is fed, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to move down to press the powder in the cavity for the first time. At this time, the follower unit 3 is set between the upper die punch 101 and the female die 102, so that the movement of the two is not completely synchronized. During the lifting and lowering of the upper die punch 101, the follower unit 3 is within the free stroke range and will not drive the female die 102 to lift and lower, thus allowing the upper die punch 101 to independently complete multiple pressing actions. To achieve a uniform and dense pressing effect, the feeding unit 2 and the drive rod 4 work together to implement a pressing strategy of batch feeding and multiple gradual pressure increases. After each layer of powder is filled, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to pre-press the layer. After each layer is compacted, the next round of filling is carried out. This cycle continues until the total amount of powder in the cavity reaches the predetermined value. During multiple pressing processes, the position of the female die 102 is not fixed, but is in a floating state. When the pressure generated by the upper die punch 101 is transmitted from top to bottom in the solid waste powder, the friction between the solid waste powder and the inner wall of the female die 102 gradually increases. This friction drives the female die 102 to move down synchronously along the pressing direction. At this time, the lower die punch 103 generates an upward reverse pressure relative to the female die 102, forming a bidirectional pressing effect. During the final pressing, the vibration unit 6 is activated and works with the upper die punch 101 to complete the final pressing. The vibration unit 6 applies high-frequency vibration to the female die 102. The vibration energy is transmitted through the female die 102 to the solid waste powder in the cavity, reducing the frictional resistance between the powder and the inner wall of the female die 102, promoting the rearrangement of powder particles and the discharge of pore gas. At the same time, the vibration unit 6 continues to work after pressing, causing micro-motion separation between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102, achieving a complete wall separation effect. After pressing is completed, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise. When the rising height of the upper die punch 101 exceeds the free stroke limit of the follower unit 3, the follower unit 3 is tensioned and begins to drive the female die 102 to rise synchronously. At this time, the female die 102 gradually detaches from the solid waste block after molding, and the solid waste block naturally remains on the lower die punch 103. Then the discharge unit 5 pushes the solid waste block out from the lower die punch 103, completing a complete work cycle.

[0019] See Figures 3-4 The vibration unit 6 includes: The high-frequency oscillator 601 is installed on the outside of the female mold 102, and the kinetic energy output direction of the high-frequency oscillator 601 is horizontal.

[0020] The high-frequency vibrator 601 is installed on the outside of the female mold 102 and its output direction is horizontal. The horizontal high-frequency vibration generated by it is transmitted to the solid waste powder in the cavity through the wall of the female mold 102. The horizontal high-frequency vibration acts on the powder particles, destroying the arch bridge structure formed between the particles by electrostatic force and mechanical interlocking, forcing the suspended particles to shift and rearrange, so that the fine particles fill the gaps between the coarse particles, thereby increasing the initial bulk density of the powder in the cavity. During the pressing process, the horizontal high-frequency vibration changes the static contact between the powder particles that are in close contact with the inner wall of the female mold 102 and the wall surface into a high-frequency micro-motion contact. The static friction force is converted into dynamic friction force and the friction coefficient is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the frictional resistance encountered by the powder when it moves down the wall surface. This allows the vertical pressure applied by the upper die punch 101 to be transmitted more effectively along the depth direction of the powder layer to the bottom, reducing the pressure attenuation and density gradient caused by wall friction. The horizontal high-frequency vibration simultaneously causes the powder particles to undergo slight horizontal position adjustments during the vertical pressing process, allowing the particles to continuously seek a tighter arrangement and gradually eliminate residual pore gas, thereby maximizing the pressing density.

[0021] See Figures 3-4 Several high-frequency oscillators 601 are provided and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals on the outside of the female mold 102.

[0022] Multiple adjacent high-frequency oscillators 601 are started sequentially according to a preset timing sequence. The horizontal vibration waves generated by each high-frequency oscillator 601 propagate sequentially within the wall of the negative mold 102 and superimpose with each other, thereby forming a traveling wave vibration field with different output angles in the horizontal direction within the negative mold 102. The traveling wave vibration field continues to travel along the circumference of the female mold 102, causing the solid waste powder in the cavity to be subjected to alternating horizontal vibrations from different directions in the ring. The powder particles are subjected to a directional disturbance in each direction the traveling wave passes through, and the particles are displaced and rearranged in sequence with the propagation direction of the traveling wave, thus obtaining uniform vibration energy input in all horizontal directions. Compared with the standing wave field formed by the simultaneous activation of all oscillators, the traveling wave field does not have fixed nodes and antinodes. Continuous and uniform vibration can be obtained in all horizontal directions within the cavity, effectively avoiding insufficient local compaction caused by low vibration energy at the standing wave nodes.

[0023] See Figure 7 Pressure sensor 7 is located between the lower die punch 103 and the drive rod 4.

[0024] Pressure sensor 7 performs two functions: powder weight detection and pressing pressure detection during the feeding and pressing stages, respectively. During the feeding stage, the feeding unit 2 feeds solid waste powder into the cavity of the female mold 102. The powder accumulates on the upper surface of the lower die punch 103 and exerts a downward gravity force on the lower die punch 103. At the same time, the weight of the floating female mold 102 is also transmitted to the pressure sensor 7 through the lower die punch 103. The pressure sensor 7 converts the detected total gravity signal into the mass value of the powder in the cavity and compares the mass value with the preset target mass value to determine whether the filling amount meets the standard. During the pressing stage, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to descend by controlling the stroke length. The upper die punch 101 applies pressing pressure to the powder in the cavity. However, the drive rod 4 can only control the stroke length and cannot directly detect the actual pressure value applied to the powder. As the upper die punch 101 continues to descend, the powder is gradually compressed and its volume decreases. The reaction force of the powder on the lower die punch 103 increases synchronously with the increase of the compaction degree. The pressure sensor 7 detects the pressure value of the lower die punch 103 in real time and feeds the pressure value back to the control system to achieve precise control of the pressing pressure.

[0025] See Figures 3-6 The follower unit 3 includes: Two hanging lugs 301 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the female mold 102; Two limiting members 302 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper die punch 101, and the end of the limiting member 302 away from the upper die punch 101 is slidably connected to the hanging ear member 301.

[0026] The lug 301 has a groove in the middle, and the end of the limiting member 302 away from the upper die punch 101 extends into the groove and slides in cooperation with the groove. When the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise and fall within the pressing stroke range, the limiting member 302 slides freely in the groove of the lug member 301 along with the upper die punch 101. The length of the groove extends vertically, and its vertical dimension is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting member 302, thereby providing the upper die punch 101 with a short free movement stroke relative to the female die 102. Within this free stroke range, the rise and fall of the upper die punch 101 does not drive the rise and fall of the female die 102, thereby achieving that the female die 102 is in a stationary state, and the upper die punch 101 presses the solid waste inside the cavity.

[0027] When the upper die punch 101 rises to a height exceeding the upper limit of the free travel, the limiting part 302 abuts against the upper inner wall of the slide. The limiting part 302 drives the female die 102 to rise synchronously through the hanging ear part 301, thereby realizing the synchronous lifting and demolding of the female die 102 with the upper die punch 101 after pressing.

[0028] See Figure 3 and Figure 6 The feeding unit 2 includes: The discharge pipe 201 has its output end located above the middle of the upper die punch 101; Two pressure plate components 202 are located inside the upper die punch 101 and are symmetrically arranged below the discharge pipe 201. The pressure plate components 202 are connected to the upper die punch 101 through spring shafts. Two support members 203 are provided at the connection between the upper die punch 101 and the adjacent pressure plate member 202. The vertical cross section of the support member 203 is a right triangle. One right-angled side of the support member 203 is connected to the inner wall of the upper die punch 101, and the other right-angled side abuts against the pressure plate member 202.

[0029] One end of the discharge pipe 201 is fixed to the main body 1. The pressure plate 202 is symmetrically arranged below the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 and is connected to the upper die punch 101 through a spring shaft. The support 203 is arranged at the connection between the upper die punch 101 and the pressure plate 202. The drive rod 4 controls the upper die punch 101 to descend to the lower die punch 103 and cooperate with the female die 102 to form a cavity. However, before the upper die punch 101 enters the height of the cavity, the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 pushes open the pressure plate parts 202 on both sides relative to the upper die punch 101. At this time, the discharge pipe 201 outputs powder into the cavity. The drive rod 4 continues to control the upper die punch 101 to descend. The position of the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 relative to the upper die punch 101 gradually rises above the pressure plate 202. Under the elastic force of the spring shaft, the pressure plate 202 returns from the open state to the closed state. At the same time, under the limiting support of the support member 203, the upper surface of the pressure plate members 202 on both sides is flush with the lower surface of the upper die punch 101, so that the lower surface of the upper die punch 101 forms a complete planar pressing surface, so that the upper die punch 101 can press the powder in the cavity in the subsequent process.

[0030] See Figure 8 The discharge unit 5 includes: Platform 501 is located below the front end of the main body 1, and platform 501 has a through hole for accommodating the lower die punch 103; The ejector component 502 is connected to the main body 1, and the ejector component 502 is located above one side of the platform 501.

[0031] After the solid waste briquette is pressed, the upper drive rod 4 controls the upper die punch 101 and the female die 102 to reset. The solid waste briquette stops on the lower die punch 103. Then, the drive rod 4 connected to the lower die punch 103 drives the lower die punch 103 to move downward. The lower die punch 103 descends along the through hole on the platform 501 until the upper surface of the lower die punch 103 coincides with the upper surface of the platform 501. At this time, the solid waste briquette is driven by the lower die punch 103 and stops on the plane formed by the lower die punch 103 and the platform 501. Driven by the main body 1, the ejector 502 moves horizontally along the upper surface of the platform 501 toward the solid waste briquette. The front end of the ejector 502 abuts against the side wall of the solid waste briquette and pushes the solid waste briquette along the upper surface of the platform 501 until the solid waste briquette is completely separated from the upper area of ​​the platform 501, thereby completing the discharge action so that the next pressing can be carried out.

[0032] The rising height of the lower die punch 103 relative to the platform 501 provides the space for the female die 102 to float and rise. During the pressing process, the upper die punch 101 applies pressing pressure to the solid waste powder in the cavity. After being pressed, the solid waste powder generates positive pressure on the inner wall of the female die 102. This positive pressure increases with the increase of the pressing pressure, thereby increasing the friction between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102. When the upper die punch 101 continues to descend, this friction drives the female die 102 to descend synchronously along the pressing direction. At this time, the lower die punch 103 remains fixed. The descent of the female die 102 causes the lower die punch 103 to enter a deeper position in the cavity of the female die 102, forming a reverse pressing effect of the lower die punch 103 on the bottom of the powder, thereby achieving a floating pressing effect. During demolding, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise, and the female die 102 rises synchronously with the upper die punch 101 under the drive of the follower unit 3. At this time, the high-frequency vibrator 601 starts and generates high-frequency vibration. This vibration is transmitted through the wall of the female die 102 to the contact interface between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102. The vibration energy significantly reduces the adhesion and friction between the two. At the same time, because the female die 102 rises, the solid waste block remains in place due to its own weight and the contact support with the upper surface of the lower die punch 103. The solid waste block does not rise with the female die 102 and remains on the upper surface of the lower die punch 103. Then the drive rod 4 drives the lower die punch 103 to descend until its upper surface coincides with the upper surface of the platform 501, realizing the separation of the solid waste block and the lower die punch 103.

[0033] See Figure 8 The lifting component 503 is located between the lower die punch 103 and the drive rod 4, and the pressure sensor 7 is located between the lifting component 503 and the lower die punch 103.

[0034] When the front end of the main body 1 is provided with multiple sets of pressing mechanisms, the lower die punch 103 of each pressing mechanism is connected to the same drive rod 4 through the corresponding lifting part 503. After the solid waste briquette is pressed, the drive rod 4 descends. The drive rod 4 pushes the lower die punches 103 of each pressing mechanism to descend synchronously through each lifting component 503. At the same time, each high-frequency vibrator 601 works synchronously. Through low-amplitude vibration, the female die 102 is separated from the solid waste briquette. Each lower die punch 103 carries the corresponding solid waste briquette out of the female die 102 synchronously, so that all solid waste briquettes complete the demolding action at the same time. Then, in conjunction with the platform 501 and the ejector component 502, the solid waste briquette is ejected.

[0035] Working principle of the invention: During operation, the drive rod 4 first controls the upper die punch 101 and the lower die punch 103 to approach each other until the upper die punch 101, the female die 102 and the lower die punch 103 cooperate to form a cavity. Then the feeding unit 2 feeds the solid waste powder mixed with curing agent into the cavity of the female die 102 through the upper die punch 101 to complete the first filling. After the material is fed, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to move down to press the powder in the cavity for the first time. At this time, the follower unit 3 is set between the upper die punch 101 and the female die 102, so that the movement of the two is not completely synchronized. During the lifting and lowering of the upper die punch 101, the follower unit 3 is within the free stroke range and will not drive the female die 102 to lift and lower, thus allowing the upper die punch 101 to independently complete multiple pressing actions. To achieve a uniform and dense pressing effect, the feeding unit 2 and the drive rod 4 work together to implement a pressing strategy of batch feeding and multiple gradual pressure increases. After each layer of powder is filled, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to pre-press the layer. After each layer is compacted, the next round of filling is carried out. This cycle continues until the total amount of powder in the cavity reaches the predetermined value. During multiple pressing processes, the position of the female die 102 is not fixed, but is in a floating state. When the pressure generated by the upper die punch 101 is transmitted from top to bottom in the solid waste powder, the friction between the solid waste powder and the inner wall of the female die 102 gradually increases. This friction drives the female die 102 to move down synchronously along the pressing direction. At this time, the lower die punch 103 generates an upward reverse pressure relative to the female die 102, forming a bidirectional pressing effect. During the final pressing, the vibration unit 6 is activated and works with the upper die punch 101 to complete the final pressing. The vibration unit 6 applies high-frequency vibration to the female die 102. The vibration energy is transmitted through the female die 102 to the solid waste powder in the cavity, reducing the frictional resistance between the powder and the inner wall of the female die 102, promoting the rearrangement of powder particles and the discharge of pore gas. At the same time, the vibration unit 6 continues to work after pressing, causing micro-motion separation between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102, achieving a complete wall separation effect. After pressing is completed, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise. When the rising height of the upper die punch 101 exceeds the free stroke limit of the follower unit 3, the follower unit 3 is tensioned and begins to drive the female die 102 to rise synchronously. At this time, the female die 102 gradually detaches from the solid waste block after molding, and the solid waste block naturally remains on the lower die punch 103. Then the discharge unit 5 pushes the solid waste block out from the lower die punch 103, completing a complete work cycle.

[0036] The high-frequency vibrator 601 is installed on the outside of the female mold 102 and its output direction is horizontal. The horizontal high-frequency vibration generated by it is transmitted to the solid waste powder in the cavity through the wall of the female mold 102. The horizontal high-frequency vibration acts on the powder particles, destroying the arch bridge structure formed between the particles by electrostatic force and mechanical interlocking, forcing the suspended particles to shift and rearrange, so that the fine particles fill the gaps between the coarse particles, thereby increasing the initial bulk density of the powder in the cavity. During the pressing process, the horizontal high-frequency vibration changes the static contact between the powder particles that are in close contact with the inner wall of the female mold 102 and the wall surface into a high-frequency micro-motion contact. The static friction force is converted into dynamic friction force and the friction coefficient is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the frictional resistance encountered by the powder when it moves down the wall surface. This allows the vertical pressure applied by the upper die punch 101 to be transmitted more effectively along the depth direction of the powder layer to the bottom, reducing the pressure attenuation and density gradient caused by wall friction. The horizontal high-frequency vibration simultaneously causes the powder particles to undergo slight horizontal position adjustments during the vertical pressing process, allowing the particles to continuously seek a tighter arrangement and gradually eliminate residual pore gas, thereby maximizing the pressing density.

[0037] Multiple adjacent high-frequency oscillators 601 are started sequentially according to a preset timing sequence. The horizontal vibration waves generated by each high-frequency oscillator 601 propagate sequentially within the wall of the negative mold 102 and superimpose with each other, thereby forming a traveling wave vibration field with different output angles in the horizontal direction within the negative mold 102. The traveling wave vibration field continues to travel along the circumference of the female mold 102, causing the solid waste powder in the cavity to be subjected to alternating horizontal vibrations from different directions in the ring. The powder particles are subjected to a directional disturbance in each direction the traveling wave passes through, and the particles are displaced and rearranged in sequence with the propagation direction of the traveling wave, thus obtaining uniform vibration energy input in all horizontal directions. Compared with the standing wave field formed by the simultaneous activation of all oscillators, the traveling wave field does not have fixed nodes and antinodes. Continuous and uniform vibration can be obtained in all horizontal directions within the cavity, effectively avoiding insufficient local compaction caused by low vibration energy at the standing wave nodes.

[0038] Pressure sensor 7 performs two functions: powder weight detection and pressing pressure detection during the feeding and pressing stages, respectively. During the feeding stage, the feeding unit 2 feeds solid waste powder into the cavity of the female mold 102. The powder accumulates on the upper surface of the lower die punch 103 and exerts a downward gravity force on the lower die punch 103. At the same time, the weight of the floating female mold 102 is also transmitted to the pressure sensor 7 through the lower die punch 103. The pressure sensor 7 converts the detected total gravity signal into the mass value of the powder in the cavity and compares the mass value with the preset target mass value to determine whether the filling amount meets the standard. During the pressing stage, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to descend by controlling the stroke length. The upper die punch 101 applies pressing pressure to the powder in the cavity. However, the drive rod 4 can only control the stroke length and cannot directly detect the actual pressure value applied to the powder. As the upper die punch 101 continues to descend, the powder is gradually compressed and its volume decreases. The reaction force of the powder on the lower die punch 103 increases synchronously with the increase of the compaction degree. The pressure sensor 7 detects the pressure value of the lower die punch 103 in real time and feeds the pressure value back to the control system to achieve precise control of the pressing pressure.

[0039] The lug 301 has a groove in the middle, and the end of the limiting member 302 away from the upper die punch 101 extends into the groove and slides in cooperation with the groove.

[0040] When the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise and fall within the pressing stroke range, the limiting member 302 slides freely in the groove of the lug member 301 along with the upper die punch 101. The length of the groove extends vertically, and its vertical dimension is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting member 302, thereby providing the upper die punch 101 with a short free movement stroke relative to the female die 102. Within this free stroke range, the rise and fall of the upper die punch 101 does not drive the rise and fall of the female die 102, thereby achieving that the female die 102 is in a stationary state, and the upper die punch 101 presses the solid waste inside the cavity. When the upper die punch 101 rises to a height exceeding the upper limit of the free travel, the limiting part 302 abuts against the upper inner wall of the slide. The limiting part 302 drives the female die 102 to rise synchronously through the hanging ear part 301, thereby realizing the synchronous lifting and demolding of the female die 102 with the upper die punch 101 after pressing.

[0041] One end of the discharge pipe 201 is fixed to the main body 1. The pressure plate 202 is symmetrically arranged below the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 and is connected to the upper die punch 101 through a spring shaft. The support 203 is arranged at the connection between the upper die punch 101 and the pressure plate 202. The drive rod 4 controls the upper die punch 101 to descend to the lower die punch 103 and cooperate with the female die 102 to form a cavity. However, before the upper die punch 101 enters the height of the cavity, the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 pushes open the pressure plate parts 202 on both sides relative to the upper die punch 101. At this time, the discharge pipe 201 outputs powder into the cavity. The drive rod 4 continues to control the upper die punch 101 to descend. The position of the discharge end of the discharge pipe 201 relative to the upper die punch 101 gradually rises above the pressure plate 202. Under the elastic force of the spring shaft, the pressure plate 202 returns from the open state to the closed state. At the same time, under the limiting support of the support member 203, the upper surface of the pressure plate members 202 on both sides is flush with the lower surface of the upper die punch 101, so that the lower surface of the upper die punch 101 forms a complete planar pressing surface, so that the upper die punch 101 can press the powder in the cavity in the subsequent process.

[0042] After the solid waste briquette is pressed, the upper drive rod 4 controls the upper die punch 101 and the female die 102 to reset. The solid waste briquette stops on the lower die punch 103. Then, the drive rod 4 connected to the lower die punch 103 drives the lower die punch 103 to move downward. The lower die punch 103 descends along the through hole on the platform 501 until the upper surface of the lower die punch 103 coincides with the upper surface of the platform 501. At this time, the solid waste briquette is driven by the lower die punch 103 and stops on the plane formed by the lower die punch 103 and the platform 501. Driven by the main body 1, the ejector 502 moves horizontally along the upper surface of the platform 501 toward the solid waste briquette. The front end of the ejector 502 abuts against the side wall of the solid waste briquette and pushes the solid waste briquette along the upper surface of the platform 501 until the solid waste briquette is completely separated from the upper area of ​​the platform 501, thereby completing the discharge action so that the next pressing can be carried out.

[0043] During the pressing process, the upper die punch 101 applies pressing pressure to the solid waste powder in the cavity. After being pressed, the solid waste powder generates positive pressure on the inner wall of the female die 102. This positive pressure increases with the increase of the pressing pressure, thereby increasing the friction between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102. When the upper die punch 101 continues to descend, this friction drives the female die 102 to descend synchronously along the pressing direction. At this time, the lower die punch 103 remains fixed. The descent of the female die 102 causes the lower die punch 103 to enter a deeper position in the cavity of the female die 102, forming a reverse pressing effect of the lower die punch 103 on the bottom of the powder, thereby achieving a floating pressing effect. During demolding, the drive rod 4 drives the upper die punch 101 to rise, and the female die 102 rises synchronously with the upper die punch 101 under the drive of the follower unit 3. At this time, the high-frequency vibrator 601 starts and generates high-frequency vibration. This vibration is transmitted through the wall of the female die 102 to the contact interface between the solid waste block and the inner wall of the female die 102. The vibration energy significantly reduces the adhesion and friction between the two. At the same time, because the female die 102 rises, the solid waste block remains in place due to its own weight and the contact support with the upper surface of the lower die punch 103. The solid waste block does not rise with the female die 102 and remains on the upper surface of the lower die punch 103. Then the drive rod 4 drives the lower die punch 103 to descend until its upper surface coincides with the upper surface of the platform 501, realizing the separation of the solid waste block and the lower die punch 103.

[0044] When multiple pressing mechanisms are provided at the front end of the main body 1, the lower die punch 103 of each pressing mechanism is connected to the same drive rod 4 through the corresponding lifting part 503. After the solid waste briquette is pressed, the drive rod 4 descends. The drive rod 4 pushes the lower die punches 103 of each pressing mechanism to descend synchronously through each lifting component 503. At the same time, each high-frequency vibrator 601 works synchronously. Through low-amplitude vibration, the female die 102 is separated from the solid waste briquette. Each lower die punch 103 carries the corresponding solid waste briquette out of the female die 102 synchronously, so that all solid waste briquettes complete the demolding action at the same time. Then, in conjunction with the platform 501 and the ejector component 502, the solid waste briquette is ejected.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for pressing and molding solid waste materials before testing, characterized in that: include: The main body (1) has an upper die punch (101), a female die (102) and a lower die punch (103) arranged sequentially from top to bottom at the front of the main body (1). The upper die punch (101) and the lower die punch (103) are slidably fitted into the cavity of the female die (102). The feeding unit (2) is located between the main body (1) and the upper die punch (101). The discharge end of the feeding unit (2) is located inside the upper die punch (101) and is used to supply solid waste powder into the cavity of the female die (102). A number of drive rods (4) are provided, which are respectively connected to the upper die punch (101) and the lower die punch (103) to drive the upper die punch (101) and the lower die punch (103) to rise and fall; The follower unit (3) is located at the connection between the upper die punch (101) and the female die (102). The follower unit (3) is used to drive the female die (102) to rise and fall when the upper die punch (101) rises and falls. A vibration unit (6) is installed on the outside of the female mold (102) and is used to apply vibration to the solid waste powder inside the female mold (102); The discharge unit (5) is located between the main body (1) and the lower die punch (103) and is used to push out the pressed solid waste block.

2. The solid waste compression molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration unit (6) includes: A high-frequency oscillator (601) is installed on the outside of the female mold (102), and the kinetic energy output direction of the high-frequency oscillator (601) is horizontal.

3. The solid waste compression molding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several high-frequency oscillators (601) are provided and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals on the outside of the female mold (102).

4. A solid waste compression molding device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes: A pressure sensor (7) is disposed between the lower die punch (103) and the drive rod (4).

5. The solid waste compression molding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The follower unit (3) includes: Two hanging lugs (301) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the female mold (102); Two limiting members (302) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper die punch (101), and the end of the limiting member (302) away from the upper die punch (101) is slidably connected to the hanging ear (301).

6. The solid waste compression molding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding unit (2) includes: The discharge tube (201) has its output end located above the middle of the upper die punch (101); Two pressure plate components (202) are located inside the upper die punch (101) and are symmetrically arranged below the discharge pipe (201). The pressure plate components (202) are connected to the upper die punch (101) through spring shafts. Two support members (203) are provided at the connection between the upper die punch (101) and the adjacent pressure plate member (202). The vertical cross section of the support member (203) is a right triangle. One right-angled side of the support member (203) is connected to the inner wall of the upper die punch (101), and the other right-angled side abuts against the pressure plate member (202).

7. The solid waste compression molding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge unit (5) includes: Platform (501) is located below the front end of the main body (1), and a through hole for accommodating the lower die punch (103) is provided on the platform (501); The ejector (502) is connected to the main body (1) and is located above one side of the platform (501).

8. A solid waste compression molding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharge unit (5) also includes: The lifting member (503) is disposed between the lower die punch (103) and the drive rod (4), and the pressure sensor (7) is located between the lifting member (503) and the lower die punch (103).

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