Pulse charging method, pulse charging device, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a pulse charging method, a pulse charging device, an electronic device and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of battery charging. The method comprises the following steps: performing first pulse charging on a target battery in a first pulse charging mode through a first current control parameter, and obtaining a first battery performance parameter of the target battery in the first pulse charging; performing state estimation on the target battery according to the first battery performance parameter, to obtain a state of charge and a health state of the target battery; updating the first current control parameter according to the state of charge, the health state and a preset lithium precipitation critical voltage, to obtain a second current control parameter; and switching the target battery from the first pulse charging mode to a second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, to perform second pulse charging on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode. The embodiment of the application can realize adaptive pulse charging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a pulse charging method, pulse charging device, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, batteries are typically charged using pulsed currents at a fixed frequency or periodically. During the charging process, the internal state of the battery changes continuously, and existing pulse charging technologies cannot adapt to these dynamic changes, leading to reduced charging efficiency, lithium plating, or shortened battery life, severely impacting battery performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a pulse charging method, pulse charging device, electronic device, and storage medium, which aim to achieve adaptive pulse charging.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a pulse charging method, the method comprising: The target battery is charged with a first pulse in a first pulse charging mode using a preset first current control parameter, and the first battery performance parameters of the target battery are obtained in the first pulse charging. The first current control parameter includes the initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle and initial charging current for the target battery. The first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameter. The first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery. Based on the performance parameters of the first battery, the state of the target battery is estimated to obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery. The first current control parameters are updated based on the state of charge, the health state, and the preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain the second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include a target pulse frequency, a target duty cycle, and a target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency is updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle is updated from the initial duty cycle, and the target charging current is updated from the initial charging current; The target battery is controlled to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and the target battery is charged with the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

[0005] In some embodiments, updating the first current control parameter based on the state of charge, the health state, and a preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain the second current control parameter includes: Based on the state of charge and the health status, the target battery's battery characteristic parameter mapping table is queried to obtain the target battery's pulse charging parameters; wherein, the pulse charging parameters include ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, and open circuit voltage; The second current control parameters are calculated based on the state of charge, the pulse charging parameters, and the lithium plating critical voltage. Update the first current control parameter to the second current control parameter.

[0006] In some embodiments, calculating the second current control parameter based on the state of charge, the pulse charging parameters, and the lithium plating critical voltage includes: Based on the state of charge, the characteristic frequency value of the electrochemical impedance spectrum is obtained, the target pulse frequency is obtained, and the pulse period and number of pulses are determined based on the target pulse frequency; Obtain a pre-given duty cycle and use the duty cycle as the target duty cycle; The target charging current is calculated based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage.

[0007] In some embodiments, calculating the target charging current based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage includes: The equivalent charging current is calculated based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage. Calculate the electrochemical reaction current based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage; Calculate the depolarization current based on the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, the electrochemical reaction current, and the equivalent charging current; The electrochemical reaction current and the depolarization current are used as the target charging current.

[0008] In some embodiments, after calculating the depolarization current based on the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, and the electrochemical reaction current, the method further includes: Based on the target duty cycle and the pulse period, the first duration of the electrochemical reaction current is calculated; wherein, the first duration is the duration of the electrochemical reaction current within one pulse period. Subtracting the pulse period from the first duration yields the second duration of the depolarization current; wherein the second duration is the duration of the depolarization current within one pulse period.

[0009] In some embodiments, after controlling the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and performing a second pulse charge on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode, the method further includes: Obtain the second battery performance parameters of the target battery during the second pulse charging; wherein the second battery performance parameters include the charging voltage, charging internal resistance and charging temperature of the target battery; When the charging voltage, the charging internal resistance, or the charging temperature is detected to be in an abnormal state, the second pulse charging of the target battery is stopped.

[0010] The step of estimating the state of the target battery based on the first battery performance parameters to obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery includes: The state of charge (SOC) of the target battery is estimated based on the performance parameters of the first battery using an ampere-hour integral model. The health status is obtained by estimating the health status of the target battery based on the performance parameters of the first battery using a life prediction model.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a pulse charging device, the device comprising: The acquisition module is used to perform a first pulse charge on a target battery in a first pulse charging mode using a preset first current control parameter, and to acquire the first battery performance parameters of the target battery in the first pulse charge; wherein, the first current control parameter includes an initial pulse frequency, an initial duty cycle and an initial charging current for the target battery, the first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameter, and the first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery; The calculation module is used to perform state prediction on the target battery based on the first battery performance parameters to obtain the state of charge and health status of the target battery. The control module is used to update the first current control parameters according to the state of charge, the health state, and a preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include a target pulse frequency, a target duty cycle, and a target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency being updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle being updated from the initial duty cycle, and the target charging current being updated from the initial charging current; The charging module is used to control the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and to perform a second pulse charging on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0014] The pulse charging method, pulse charging device, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium proposed in this application perform a first pulse charging on a target battery in a first pulse charging mode using a first current control parameter. First battery performance parameters of the target battery are obtained during the first pulse charging to evaluate the real-time state of the target battery, thus obtaining the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). The first current control parameter is updated based on the SOC, SOH, and lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain a second current control parameter. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the pulse parameters according to the real-time battery state, rather than using fixed pulse parameters, thereby achieving adaptive pulse charging and preventing lithium plating. The target battery is then switched from the first pulse charging mode to a second pulse charging mode based on the second current control parameter, enabling adaptive pulse charging based on the real-time battery state, thereby improving charging efficiency and charging safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the pulse charging method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1The flowchart of step S120 in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The flowchart of step S130 in the process; Figure 4 These are ohmic internal resistance curves under different states of charge and health states provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 These are charge transfer internal resistance curves under different states of charge and healthy states provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 These are diffusion internal resistance curves under different states of charge and health states provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 These are the charge transfer time constant curves provided in the embodiments of this application for different states of charge and healthy states; Figure 8 These are diffusion time constant curves for different states of charge and health states provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 These are open-circuit voltage curves under different states of charge and health states provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 yes Figure 3 The flowchart of step S320 in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the characteristic frequency selection points of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under 50% charge state provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 These are the characteristic frequency values ​​under different states of charge provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 yes Figure 10 The flowchart of step S1030 in the process; Figure 14 This is another flowchart of the pulse charging method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This is another flowchart of the pulse charging method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is another flowchart of the pulse charging method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is a comparison diagram of the negative electrode potential of pulse charging and stepped charging at the same equivalent rate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 19 This is a comparison chart of temperature rise between pulse charging and stepped charging at the same equivalent rate, provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 20This is a comparison diagram of the cycle capacity decay of pulse charging and stepped charging under the same equivalent rate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse charging device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0017] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0019] In related technologies, batteries are typically charged using pulsed currents at a fixed frequency or periodically. During the charging process, the internal state of the battery changes continuously, and existing pulse charging technologies cannot adapt to these dynamic changes, leading to reduced charging efficiency, lithium plating, or shortened battery life, severely impacting battery performance.

[0020] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a pulse charging method, a pulse charging device, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium, aiming to achieve adaptive pulse charging.

[0021] The pulse charging method, pulse charging device, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application are specifically described through the following embodiments. First, the pulse charging method in the embodiments of this application is described.

[0022] The pulse charging method provided in this application relates to the field of battery charging technology. The pulse charging method provided in this application can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, etc.; the server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms; the software can be an application implementing the pulse charging method, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0023] This application can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an optional flowchart of the pulse charging method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S110 to S140.

[0025] Step S110: The target battery is charged with a first pulse charging mode using a preset first current control parameter, and the first battery performance parameters of the target battery in the first pulse charging are obtained; wherein, the first current control parameter includes the initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle and initial charging current for the target battery, the first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameter, and the first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery; Step S120: Based on the performance parameters of the first battery, the state of the target battery is estimated to obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery. Step S130: Update the first current control parameters according to the state of charge, health status and preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain the second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include the target pulse frequency, target duty cycle and target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency is updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle is updated from the initial duty cycle and the target charging current is updated from the initial charging current. Step S140: Control the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and perform second pulse charging on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

[0026] In step S110 of some embodiments, a charging command is acquired through a user interface. In response to the charging command for the target battery, a first pulse charging is performed on the target battery using a first pulse charging mode, based on a first current control parameter. The target battery is the battery to be charged. The first current control parameter is a parameter used to control the waveform, amplitude, and time characteristics of the charging current during the first pulse charging process. The first current control parameter includes the initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle, and initial charging current for the target battery. The pulse frequency is the number of repetitions of the pulse current per unit time, measured in Hertz (Hz). If the pulse frequency is expressed as f, then... The reciprocal of the pulse frequency is the pulse period. The duty cycle is the proportion of the high-level duration in the pulse signal to the pulse period. If the duty cycle is expressed as D, then... The initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle, and initial charging current are the pulse frequency, duty cycle, and charging current used during the first pulse charging process, respectively. The first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameter.

[0027] It should be noted that other instructions from users or higher-level systems can also be received through the user interface, such as stopping charging, setting a charging target (charging to 80% SOC), etc.

[0028] The first battery performance parameters are obtained by real-time monitoring of the target battery's actual performance during the first pulse charge using a cloud data platform or sensors, including directly measurable physical parameters such as actual voltage, actual current, and actual temperature. These first battery performance parameters include, but are not limited to, the target battery's battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature. The battery voltage is the battery's terminal voltage. The battery temperature is obtained through single-point or multi-point temperature monitoring. Under normal charging control conditions, the measured battery current is approximately equal to the initial charging current set in the first current control parameters. However, due to factors such as hardware wear and tear and sampling errors, there may be a slight deviation between the two.

[0029] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, step S120 may include, but is not limited to, steps S210 to S220: Step S210: The state of charge of the target battery is estimated based on the performance parameters of the first battery using the ampere-hour integral model to obtain the state of charge. Step S220: The health status of the target battery is estimated based on the performance parameters of the first battery using a life prediction model to obtain the health status.

[0030] In step S210 of some embodiments, the rated capacity of the target battery and the initial state of charge (SOC) at the initial time of the first pulse charging are obtained, where the rated capacity is the nominal capacity of the battery cell. The real-time SOC (%) of the target battery is estimated using an ampere-hour integral model based on the battery current, rated capacity, and initial SOC, thus obtaining the target battery's SOC at the current time. The ampere-hour integral model is defined as follows: , in, Indicates time The state of charge; Indicates the initial state of charge; Indicates the rated capacity of the battery; Indicates time The battery current; The duration of the counting step, which is set to 1 second (s) by default.

[0031] In step S220 of some embodiments, the aging loss caused in a single cycle is determined based on the battery temperature, depth of discharge, and discharge rate (where the discharge rate is the discharge rate). A lifetime prediction model is then used to estimate the real-time State of Health (SOH) of the target battery based on the aging loss and the number of cycles, thus obtaining the target battery's health status at the current time. The lifetime prediction model is defined as follows: , , Where 100 represents the initial health state; T represents the battery temperature; DOD represents the depth of discharge; rete represents the rate; β is the aging loss function for a single cycle, which is a function related to temperature T, depth of discharge DOD, and rate, and can be obtained through experimental calibration or parameter fitting. This indicates the current loop count.

[0032] Through the above steps S210 to S220, the real-time state of charge and real-time health status of the target battery can be obtained.

[0033] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, step S130 may include, but is not limited to, steps S310 to S330: Step S310: Query the battery characteristic parameter mapping table of the target battery according to the state of charge and health status to obtain the pulse charging parameters of the target battery; wherein, the pulse charging parameters include ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant and open circuit voltage. Step S320: Calculate the second current control parameters based on the state of charge, pulse charging parameters, and lithium plating critical voltage; Step S330: Update the first current control parameter to the second current control parameter.

[0034] In step S310 of some embodiments, the battery characteristic parameter mapping table of the target battery is queried based on the state of charge and state of health to dynamically determine the pulse charging parameters of the target battery according to different states of charge and states of health. The battery characteristic parameter mapping table is used to indicate the mapping relationship between the state of charge, state of health and battery characteristic parameters (intrinsic battery parameters), and can be obtained through experimental calibration. The pulse charging parameters are the battery characteristic parameters of the target battery. The pulse charging parameters include, but are not limited to, the ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant and open circuit voltage (OCV) of the target battery. The open circuit voltage is the negative electrode open circuit voltage of the target battery, which refers to the open circuit voltage of the battery negative electrode material in thermodynamic equilibrium state.

[0035] Ohmic internal resistance is expressed as The charge transfer internal resistance is expressed as The diffusion resistance is expressed as The charge transfer time constant is expressed as The diffusion time constant is expressed as The values ​​of parameters such as ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, and open-circuit voltage were all obtained through actual testing. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the testing methods.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This demonstrates the variation of ohmic internal resistance with state of charge (SOC) and state of equilibrium (SOH). SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, while SOH represents 80%, 90%, and 100%. The trend of ohmic internal resistance with SOC remains consistent across different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%). The unit of ohmic internal resistance is milliohms (mΩ). ).

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5This demonstrates the variation of charge transfer resistance with state of charge (SOC) and state of equilibrium (SOH). SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, while SOH represents 80%, 90%, and 100%. The trend of charge transfer resistance with SOC remains consistent across different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%). The unit of charge transfer resistance is milliohms (mΩ). ).

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the variation of diffusion resistance with SOC and SOH. SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, while SOH values ​​are 80%, 90%, and 100%. At different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%), the diffusion resistance shows a consistent trend with SOC, and the diffusion resistance curves at 80% and 100% SOH partially overlap. The unit of diffusion resistance is milliohms (mΩ). ).

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The variation of the charge transfer time constant with SOC and SOH is shown. SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, while SOH values ​​are 80%, 90%, and 100%. The trend of the charge transfer time constant with SOC remains consistent across different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%). The unit of the charge transfer time constant is seconds (s).

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The variation of the diffusion time constant with SOC and SOH is shown. SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, and SOH values ​​are 80%, 90%, and 100%. At different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%), the diffusion time constant shows a consistent trend with SOC, and the diffusion time constant curves at 80% and 100% SOH partially overlap. The unit of the diffusion time constant is seconds (s).

[0041] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9This demonstrates the variation of open-circuit voltage (negative electrode OCV) with state of charge (SOC) and state of equilibrium (SOH). OCV values ​​were obtained by testing the open-circuit voltage of coin cells or three-electrode cells at different SOC and SOH levels. The SOC ranged from 0% to 100%, and the SOH values ​​were 80%, 90%, and 100%. At different SOH levels (80%, 90%, and 100%), the open-circuit voltage showed a consistent trend with SOC, and the open-circuit voltage curves at 90% and 100% SOH partially overlapped. The unit of open-circuit voltage is volts (V).

[0042] In step S320 of some embodiments, existing pulse charging technologies typically use a fixed frequency or periodic pulse current to charge the battery. However, this fixed-parameter pulse charging method does not clearly identify the negative characteristics of pulse charging, lacks precise control in the early stages of pulse charging, and is prone to overcharging. Furthermore, pulse overload may cause battery polarization or thermal runaway. At the same time, this fixed-parameter pulse charging method does not fully consider changes in the real-time state of the battery (temperature, voltage, internal resistance, etc.), and cannot adapt to differences in the aging degree of different batteries or changes in ambient temperature, which can lead to reduced charging efficiency, lithium plating, or shortened battery life.

[0043] To clearly identify the negative characteristics of pulse charging and better reflect the battery polarization overcharge situation, real-time battery status feedback is introduced, and dynamic closed-loop control of current control parameters is realized based on the real-time battery status feedback, thereby achieving adaptive pulse charging, reducing battery polarization effect and temperature rise effect, improving long-term reliability and thermal safety, and simultaneously taking into account charging efficiency and safety.

[0044] Specifically, real-time current control parameters are calculated based on the state of charge, pulse charging parameters, and lithium plating critical voltage to obtain the second current control parameters. The second current control parameters include the target pulse frequency, target duty cycle, and target charging current for the target battery.

[0045] In step S330 of some embodiments, the first current control parameter is updated to a second current control parameter. The first current control parameter includes an initial pulse frequency, an initial duty cycle, and an initial charging current. The initial pulse frequency can be updated to a target pulse frequency, the initial duty cycle can be updated to a target duty cycle, and the initial charging current can be updated to a target charging current.

[0046] Steps S310 to S330 above dynamically adjust the current control parameters of pulse charging according to the real-time state of the battery, instead of using fixed current control parameters. This allows pulse charging to adapt to the continuous changes in the battery state, thereby effectively reducing battery temperature rise. Without sacrificing battery cycle life, it significantly shortens charging time and effectively suppresses lithium plating. It can be adapted to different types of batteries such as solid-state batteries, ternary lithium batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0047] Please see Figure 10 In some embodiments, step S320 may include, but is not limited to, steps S1010 to S1030: Step S1010: Obtain the characteristic frequency value of the electrochemical impedance spectrum based on the state of charge, obtain the target pulse frequency, and determine the pulse period and number of pulses based on the target pulse frequency; Step S1020: Obtain the pre-given duty cycle and use the duty cycle as the target duty cycle; Step S1030: Calculate the target charging current based on the pulse charging parameters, pulse period, number of pulses, target duty cycle, and lithium plating critical voltage.

[0048] In step S1010 of some embodiments, based on screening a large amount of experimental data, the optimal pulse frequency is determined to be the characteristic frequency value of the characteristic frequency point of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For example... Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at a SOC of 50% is shown. The EIS is presented as a Nyquist plot, with the horizontal axis representing the real part of the impedance. The vertical axis represents the imaginary part of the impedance. The unit for both the real and imaginary parts of impedance is Ohm. In electrochemical systems, capacitive response is dominant, and the imaginary part of the impedance is negative. Therefore, for graphical conventions, the vertical axis is usually […]. It should be noted that different battery systems have different characteristic frequencies.

[0049] like Figure 12 As shown, the characteristic frequency values ​​of characteristic frequency points under different SOCs are as follows: Figure 12 As shown. The SOC value ranges from 0% to 120%, and the characteristic frequency value ranges from 0 to 150. The unit of the characteristic frequency value is Hertz (Hz). From Figure 12 It can be seen that as the SOC increases, the characteristic frequency value gradually tends to stabilize.

[0050] The characteristic frequency values ​​of the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are obtained based on the state of charge. These characteristic frequency values ​​are then used as the target pulse frequency to determine the optimal pulse frequency. The reciprocal of the target pulse frequency is taken as the pulse period, i.e., T = 1 / f, where T is the pulse period and f is the target pulse frequency.

[0051] The number of pulses is determined based on the sampling time and pulse frequency within a single pulse period. If the sampling time is t, then the number of pulses is n = t / T = tf times, where n is the number of pulses. The sampling time can be assumed to be 1 second, corresponding to a value of f times for n.

[0052] In step S1020 of some embodiments, the duty cycle is a non-dominant factor for charging performance, and the value range of the duty cycle is 0.5 ≤ D < 1. A specific value of the duty cycle is predetermined based on the capabilities of the charging device (such as a charger, charging station, etc.), and the predetermined duty cycle is used as the target duty cycle.

[0053] In step S1030 of some embodiments, the real-time charging current is calculated based on the pulse charging parameters, pulse period, number of pulses, target duty cycle and lithium plating critical voltage to obtain the target charging current.

[0054] The second current control parameters are determined based on the target pulse frequency, target duty cycle, and target charging current. Furthermore, the second current control parameters may also include the pulse period, number of pulses, etc.

[0055] Through the above steps S1010 to S1030, real-time current control parameters can be obtained, and pulse charging control can be performed based on the real-time current control parameters to achieve adaptive pulse charging, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of battery charging.

[0056] Please see Figure 13 In some embodiments, step S1030 may include, but is not limited to, steps S1310 to S1340: Step S1310: Calculate the equivalent charging current based on the pulse charging parameters, pulse period, number of pulses, target duty cycle, and lithium plating critical voltage. Step S1320: Calculate the electrochemical reaction current based on the pulse charging parameters, pulse period, target duty cycle, lithium plating critical voltage, and equivalent charging current. Step S1330: Calculate the depolarization current based on the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, and the electrochemical reaction current; Step S1340: The electrochemical reaction current and the depolarization current are used as the target charging current.

[0057] In step S1310 of some embodiments, the calculation formula for the pulse mode of pulse charging is expressed as: , , in, The negative terminal voltage is OCV, which is the open-circuit voltage. Equivalent charging current under different SOC and SOH conditions; The internal resistance is ohmic; Polarization voltage; This is the internal resistance for charge transfer; Duty cycle; The pulse period; The number of pulses; The charge transfer time constant; This is the diffusion internal resistance; is the diffusion time constant.

[0058] To solve the above formula, a lithium plating critical voltage is introduced. The lithium plating critical voltage refers to the critical negative electrode potential obtained with lithium plating conditions as the boundary. When the negative electrode potential reaches the critical negative electrode potential, the above formula is expressed as: , in, This is the critical voltage for lithium plating. .

[0059] Based on the above formula, the equivalent charging current is calculated according to the ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, pulse period, number of pulses, target duty cycle and lithium plating critical voltage.

[0060] In step S1320 of some embodiments, the electrochemical reaction current is the Faraday current that actually participates in lithium-ion intercalation into the negative electrode, which is the main charging current. The depolarization current refers to the current used to eliminate polarization during rapid battery charging. The electrochemical reaction current and the depolarization current have the following relationship: , , in, It is the current of the electrochemical reaction; This is the depolarization current.

[0061] Based on the above relationship formula, the electrochemical reaction current is calculated according to the charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, pulse period, target duty cycle, lithium plating critical voltage, and equivalent charging current.

[0062] In step S1330 of some embodiments, the depolarization current is calculated based on the above-described formula relating electrochemical reaction current and depolarization current, according to the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, and the electrochemical reaction current.

[0063] It should be noted that the current amplitude of the electrochemical reaction current is greater than 0, that is... The magnitude of the depolarization current can be divided into three cases, namely: , , .

[0064] In step S1340 of some embodiments, the electrochemical reaction current and the depolarization current are used as the target charging current.

[0065] Steps S1310 to S1340 above calculate the target charging current at different times with the lithium plating condition as the boundary, and perform adaptive pulse charging on the target battery based on the target charging current, allowing the battery to obtain the maximum charging capacity under the critical lithium plating condition without damaging the battery.

[0066] Please see Figure 14 In some embodiments, after step S1330, the pulse charging method may also include, but is not limited to, steps S1410 to S1420: Step S1410: Calculate the first duration of the electrochemical reaction current based on the target duty cycle and pulse period; wherein, the first duration is the duration of the electrochemical reaction current within one pulse period. Step S1420: Subtract the pulse period from the first duration to obtain the second duration of the depolarization current; wherein, the second duration is the duration of the depolarization current within one pulse period.

[0067] In step S1410 of some embodiments, the duty cycle formula is expressed as: , in, The pulse duration of the electrochemical reaction current; The pulse duration of the depolarization current; and The sum of these is the pulse period.

[0068] Based on the target duty cycle and pulse period, the pulse time of the electrochemical reaction current is calculated to obtain the first duration.

[0069] In step S1420 of some embodiments, the pulse period is subtracted from the first duration to calculate the pulse time of the depolarization current and obtain the second duration.

[0070] Through the above steps S1410 to S1420, the pulse time of the electrochemical reaction current and the pulse time of the depolarization current can be obtained to determine the pulse waveform.

[0071] A schematic diagram of the pulse waveform is shown below. Figure 15 As shown. In the pulse waveform, according to in front In the following order, and Alternating appearance, The pulse time is , The pulse time is , and The sum of these is the pulse period. .exist Figure 15 In (a), ;exist Figure 15 In (b), ;exist Figure 15 In (c), .

[0072] In step S140 of some embodiments, the target battery is switched from a first pulse charging mode to a second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and the target battery is charged using the second pulse charging mode. The second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter. This adaptive pulse charging method can minimize concentration accumulation and achieve the fastest charging capability under lithium plating boundary conditions. When the charging stop conditions are met, such as receiving a stop charging command, reaching a set charging time, or reaching a set battery capacity, charging of the target battery is stopped.

[0073] Please see Figure 16 In some embodiments, after step S140, the pulse charging method may also include, but is not limited to, steps S1610 to S1620: Step S1610: Obtain the second battery performance parameters of the target battery during the second pulse charging; wherein, the second battery performance parameters include the charging voltage, charging internal resistance and charging temperature of the target battery; Step S1620: When an abnormal state is detected in the charging voltage, charging internal resistance, or charging temperature, the second pulse charging of the target battery is stopped.

[0074] In step S1610 of some embodiments, the performance parameters of the target battery during the second pulse charging process are collected in real time via a cloud data platform or sensors. These performance parameters include, but are not limited to, the charging voltage, internal resistance, and charging temperature of the target battery.

[0075] In step S1620 of some embodiments, an abnormal termination mechanism is introduced during the charging process. When an abnormal state such as a sudden rise in charging temperature, abnormal charging voltage, or sudden change in charging internal resistance is detected, pulse charging is immediately stopped and a protection mechanism is triggered. Abnormal charging voltage refers to a voltage value deviating from the normal range or exhibiting abnormal fluctuations such as overcharging, over-discharging, or imbalance. Sudden change in charging internal resistance refers to a significant change in internal resistance within a short period of time, including a sudden increase or decrease.

[0076] By using the steps S1610 to S1620 described above, abnormal charging can be terminated, thus improving charging safety.

[0077] like Figure 17 As shown, the charging system and device 1 are configured to charge the battery (battery cell, battery pack) 2 via electrical connection 3. The charging system and device 1 employs an adaptive pulse charging algorithm 4 and is equipped with a voltage, temperature, and current measurement system 5. The voltage, temperature, and current measurement system 5 is used to monitor the battery's voltage, temperature, and current in real time. Based on the measured data, through... The charging system and device 1 calculate relevant parameters using the ampere-hour integration method and life prediction model 6, and then process these data using the SOC / SOH algorithm 8 to obtain SOC / SOH data 7. The charging system and device 1 adjusts the charging process based on this SOC / SOH data 7.

[0078] The pulse charging method and the stepped charging method of this application are compared from three dimensions: negative electrode potential, temperature rise, and cyclic aging. The negative electrode potential comparison curve is shown below. Figure 18 As shown in the figure, the temperature rise comparison curve is as follows: Figure 19 As shown, cyclic aging is compared to... Figure 20 As shown. Figure 18 As shown, under different SOCs, the negative electrode potential of pulse charging is always higher than the lithium plating critical potential (0V), while the negative electrode potential of step charging approaches the lithium plating critical potential. Compared with step charging, pulse charging can effectively suppress lithium plating. Figure 19 As shown, the temperature increases with both pulse charging and stepped charging at different SOCs. However, the temperature rise with SOC is more gradual for pulse charging, while it fluctuates for stepped charging. Pulse charging effectively reduces temperature rise compared to stepped charging. Figure 20 As shown, with increasing cycle count, the capacity retention rate decreases less with pulse charging and more with stepped charging. Pulse charging, compared to stepped charging, can mitigate cycle capacity decay.

[0079] By using the pulse charging method of the present application embodiment, the battery can be continuously charged under conditions of almost no polarization accumulation, thereby achieving the fastest charging speed based on the lithium plating boundary.

[0080] The pulse charging method of this application can be applied to any type of battery and can also be combined with other fast charging methods to achieve adaptive charging, such as constant current charging, constant current constant voltage charging, and cascaded pulse charging. Adaptive charging allows for balanced charging based on user time requirements, required charging capacity, and the battery's SOC and SOH. When the battery is in a low SOC state, pulse charging, configurable constant current charging, or other general charging methods can be used at the initial SOC of charging. If the expected charging cannot be achieved when the pulse red point ends, it is determined whether to use another constant current or constant voltage method to obtain the charging capacity. Pulse charging can also be introduced at the end of the constant current stepped charging stage to eliminate polarization effects or shorten charging time, thereby improving charging efficiency.

[0081] The pulse charging method of this application embodiment can be made into a memoryless charging model or a memory-based charging model. If historical data related to battery chemistry is available, the charging model will automatically adjust the current control parameters to provide optimal charging performance.

[0082] The charging system and device 1 includes an acquisition module, a processing module, a charging module, and a storage module. The acquisition module is a data sensing unit responsible for collecting all necessary raw data and instructions from the battery itself, the external environment, and the user interface. Raw data can include physical parameters, battery characteristic parameters, and external environmental parameters. Physical parameters can include current, voltage, temperature, etc. Battery characteristic parameters include open-circuit voltage mapping tables for different states of charge and health states, the battery's ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, and a mapping table of characteristic frequencies of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to the state of charge (SOC). Instructions are from the user or higher-level systems, such as starting charging, stopping charging, and setting charging targets. External environmental parameters are parameters that affect the charging strategy, such as ambient temperature.

[0083] The processing module is the core computing and decision-making unit. It has a built-in processor and algorithm program, which is used to perform calculations such as battery state calculation, charging strategy decision, control command generation and generate the optimal pulse charging control strategy based on all the information provided by the acquisition module.

[0084] Battery state calculation: Based on the ampere-hour integral method and OCV-SOC lookup table method, the battery state of charge is calculated and updated in real time. Based on the lifetime prediction model and changes in battery internal resistance, the battery health status is calculated and updated.

[0085] Charging strategy decision-making: Based on the adaptive pulse charging method, the optimal current control parameters are calculated according to the current battery SOC, SOH, temperature, and battery characteristic parameters. These parameters include pulse frequency, period, charging current, duty cycle, and number of pulses. Specifically, the optimal pulse frequency corresponding to the current SOC is determined, the equivalent charging current is determined according to the above formula, and the electrochemical reaction current is calculated based on the equivalent charging current to adapt to the battery aging state and operating environment. The duty cycle and depolarization current required to achieve the shortest charging time or lowest temperature rise are also calculated. The calculated current control parameters are converted into specific, executable charging control signals or commands and sent to the charging module.

[0086] The charging module is an energy output and execution unit used to dynamically and in real-time adjust the output waveform according to the instructions of the processing module, applying the required pulse charging waveform to the battery to achieve full-cycle adaptive charging. The charging module receives charging control commands from the processing module, strictly follows the parameters required by the commands, and generates a high-precision pulse current waveform with a specific frequency, duty cycle, and charging current through internal power electronic circuits such as a DC-DC converter, inverter, and switching circuits. The charging module also provides necessary physical electrical isolation and protection functions to ensure system safety.

[0087] The storage module is a data warehousing and memory unit, employing non-volatile memory to store all static data necessary for system operation and dynamic data continuously recorded during the charging process. Static data includes battery characteristic parameters, system configuration parameters, and algorithm programs. During charging, a complete charging log is continuously recorded in the form of timestamps, including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, estimated SOC, estimated SOH, and the current control parameters used at each moment. The recorded complete charging data allows for historical tracing and fault diagnosis, such as analyzing the causes of battery degradation. All this data can be transmitted to the user end (e.g., a mobile app) or cloud platform via communication interfaces (such as CAN bus or wireless module) for visualization, in-depth analysis, or to provide optimization for the next charge.

[0088] Please see Figure 21 This application also provides a pulse charging device that can implement the above-described pulse charging method. The pulse charging device includes: The acquisition module 2110 is used to perform a first pulse charge on the target battery in a first pulse charging mode using preset first current control parameters, and to acquire the first battery performance parameters of the target battery in the first pulse charge; wherein, the first current control parameters include the initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle and initial charging current for the target battery, the first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameters, and the first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery; The calculation module 2120 is used to predict the state of the target battery based on the performance parameters of the first battery, and obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery. The control module 2130 is used to update the first current control parameters according to the state of charge, the state of health and the preset lithium plating critical voltage to obtain the second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include the target pulse frequency, the target duty cycle and the target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency is updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle is updated from the initial duty cycle and the target charging current is updated from the initial charging current; The charging module 2140 is used to control the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and to perform second pulse charging on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

[0089] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described pulse charging method. This electronic device can be any smart terminal, including tablet computers, in-vehicle computers, etc.

[0090] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 The hardware structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment is illustrated. The electronic device includes: The processor 2210 can be implemented using a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. The memory 2220 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 2220 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 2220 and is called and executed by the processor 2210 using the pulse charging method of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 2230 is used to implement information input and output; The communication interface 2240 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.). Bus 2250 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 2210, memory 2220, input / output interface 2230, and communication interface 2240); The processor 2210, memory 2220, input / output interface 2230 and communication interface 2240 are connected to each other within the device via bus 2250.

[0091] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described pulse charging method.

[0092] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0093] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0095] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0097] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0098] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0099] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0100] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0101] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0102] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing programs, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0103] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulse charging method, characterized in that, The method includes: The target battery is charged with a first pulse in a first pulse charging mode using a preset first current control parameter, and the first battery performance parameters of the target battery are obtained in the first pulse charging. The first current control parameter includes the initial pulse frequency, initial duty cycle and initial charging current for the target battery. The first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameter. The first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery. Based on the performance parameters of the first battery, the state of the target battery is estimated to obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery. The first current control parameters are updated based on the state of charge, the health state, and the preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain the second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include a target pulse frequency, a target duty cycle, and a target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency is updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle is updated from the initial duty cycle, and the target charging current is updated from the initial charging current; The target battery is controlled to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and the target battery is charged with the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of updating the first current control parameters based on the state of charge, the health state, and a preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain the second current control parameters includes: Based on the state of charge and the health status, the target battery's battery characteristic parameter mapping table is queried to obtain the target battery's pulse charging parameters; wherein, the pulse charging parameters include ohmic internal resistance, charge transfer internal resistance, diffusion internal resistance, charge transfer time constant, diffusion time constant, and open circuit voltage; The second current control parameters are calculated based on the state of charge, the pulse charging parameters, and the lithium plating critical voltage. Update the first current control parameter to the second current control parameter.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the second current control parameters based on the state of charge, the pulse charging parameters, and the lithium plating critical voltage includes: Based on the state of charge, the characteristic frequency value of the electrochemical impedance spectrum is obtained, the target pulse frequency is obtained, and the pulse period and number of pulses are determined based on the target pulse frequency; Obtain a pre-given duty cycle and use the duty cycle as the target duty cycle; The target charging current is calculated based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of calculating the target charging current based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage includes: The equivalent charging current is calculated based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the number of pulses, the target duty cycle, and the lithium plating critical voltage. Calculate the electrochemical reaction current based on the pulse charging parameters, the pulse period, the target duty cycle, the lithium plating critical voltage, and the equivalent charging current. Calculate the depolarization current based on the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, and the electrochemical reaction current; The electrochemical reaction current and the depolarization current are used as the target charging current.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After calculating the depolarization current based on the equivalent charging current, the target duty cycle, and the electrochemical reaction current, the method further includes: Based on the target duty cycle and the pulse period, the first duration of the electrochemical reaction current is calculated; wherein, the first duration is the duration of the electrochemical reaction current within one pulse period. Subtracting the pulse period from the first duration yields the second duration of the depolarization current; wherein the second duration is the duration of the depolarization current within one pulse period.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After controlling the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and performing a second pulse charge on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode, the method further includes: Obtain the second battery performance parameters of the target battery during the second pulse charging; wherein the second battery performance parameters include the charging voltage, charging internal resistance and charging temperature of the target battery; When the charging voltage, the charging internal resistance, or the charging temperature is detected to be in an abnormal state, the second pulse charging of the target battery is stopped.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The step of estimating the state of the target battery based on the first battery performance parameters to obtain the state of charge and health of the target battery includes: The state of charge (SOC) of the target battery is estimated based on the performance parameters of the first battery using an ampere-hour integral model. The health status is obtained by estimating the health status of the target battery based on the performance parameters of the first battery using a life prediction model.

8. A pulse charging device, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to perform a first pulse charge on a target battery in a first pulse charging mode using preset first current control parameters, and to acquire first battery performance parameters of the target battery in the first pulse charge; wherein, the first current control parameters include an initial pulse frequency, an initial duty cycle and an initial charging current for the target battery, the first pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the first current control parameters, and the first battery performance parameters include the battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature of the target battery; The calculation module is used to perform state prediction on the target battery based on the first battery performance parameters to obtain the state of charge and health status of the target battery. The control module is used to update the first current control parameters according to the state of charge, the health state, and a preset lithium plating threshold voltage to obtain second current control parameters; wherein, the second current control parameters include a target pulse frequency, a target duty cycle, and a target charging current for the target battery, the target pulse frequency being updated from the initial pulse frequency, the target duty cycle being updated from the initial duty cycle, and the target charging current being updated from the initial charging current; The charging module is used to control the target battery to switch from the first pulse charging mode to the second pulse charging mode according to the second current control parameter, and to perform a second pulse charging on the target battery in the second pulse charging mode; wherein, the second pulse charging mode is a pulse charging mode using the second current control parameter.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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