A protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer and its preparation method, belonging to the field of organic fertilizer processing technology. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer uses a core sphere as the matrix, and an inner shell layer and an outer shell layer are sequentially coated on the outside of the core sphere. The inner shell layer and the outer shell layer are formed by the continuous adhesion and accumulation of the inner shell layer coating material and the outer shell layer coating material through a rolling coating method, thickening layer by layer to form the inner shell layer and the outer shell layer, respectively. Using a core sphere loaded with organic microbial agent as the matrix, a double-layer coating structure of inner shell layer and outer shell layer is sequentially coated. The core has a porous steam-exploded straw carrier with well-developed pores, which can adsorb and fix beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus spp.; the inner shell layer contains hydroxyethyl cellulose, which slowly swells upon contact with water to form a water-resistant buffer layer, initially isolating external moisture impact; the outer shell layer adopts a chitosan system, where chitosan fully dissolves under weakly acidic conditions to form a film, constructing an outer slow-release barrier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer processing technology, specifically relating to a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Organic fertilizer refers to a type of fertilizer derived from the excrement and remains of animals and plants, industrial waste, and other biological products, which undergo decomposition, fermentation, and other non-toxic and harmless reactions through the action of microorganisms.

[0003] When traditional organic fertilizers are applied directly, the organic matter decomposes rapidly upon contact with soil moisture, resulting in a concentrated release of nutrients in a short period. Excessive concentration can easily cause root burn in crops and inhibit seed germination. As the decomposition process progresses, nutrients are rapidly consumed, which can easily lead to insufficient nutrient supply in the middle and late stages of growth, making it difficult to meet the nutrient needs of crops such as tomatoes for continuous fruit production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer and its preparation method in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: This invention provides a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer, which is obtained by coating the core spheres with an inner shell layer and an outer shell layer in sequence. The inner shell layer and the outer shell layer are formed by the continuous adhesion and accumulation of the inner shell layer wrapping material and the outer shell layer wrapping material through a rolling wrapping method, and the thickness is increased layer by layer by rolling to form the inner shell layer and the outer shell layer respectively. The raw materials for preparing the inner shell coating material, by weight, include: 15-20 parts bentonite, 3-7 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 65-75 parts well-rotted compost powder; the raw materials for preparing the outer shell coating material include: 20-25 parts attapulgite, 2-6 parts chitosan, and 55-65 parts protease.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent, wherein the mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 3-6:1; the particle size of the core pellets is 1.5-2.5 mm, and 5-8% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed in during pressing; The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, with the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water being 0.02:0.03:1.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, the compost powder is obtained by aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving of livestock and poultry manure and green manure. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, and the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure is obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass, with the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass being 0.7:0.3.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the preparation process of the protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry, the soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking, and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at a constant temperature of 30-36℃ under micro-aerobic conditions for 72-120 hours. After the fermentation was completed, the fermentation system was heated and passivated to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial proteins to obtain protein enzymes.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the soybean meal is pulverized and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:4-1:6; the inoculation amount of the compound seed is 3-6% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry, and the mass ratio of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis is 2:1:1.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.1-0.3 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 10-20%, and the mixture is fed into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 1.4-2.2 MPa for 3-6 minutes. The valve is then opened fully to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the organic bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus colloidis, Bacillus megaterium and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus colloidis, Bacillus megaterium and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, arrowhead pea and ryegrass are harvested at the early flowering stage.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with bentonite and well-rotted compost powder, and obtain the inner shell coating material after uniform mixing. S2, Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH of the water to 4.5-5.5 with citric acid, dissolve the chitosan with twice the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with attapulgite clay and protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. S3, Rolling inner shell layer coating: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45-52°, control the rotation speed to 15-20 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30-60s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material, and simultaneously use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The pellet size gradually grows to 2.5-3.5mm, and the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets is obtained. S4, Rolling Coating Outer Shell Layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core pellets, the pellets are continuously rolled and the outer shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread. At the same time, the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The pellet size gradually grows to 3.5-4.5mm. The disc pelletizing machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, in step S4, the humidity of the disk surface is controlled by a micro-atomized water replenishment method, and the total amount of atomized water replenishment accounts for 0.5-3.0% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomized water pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, and the droplet size is 80-200μm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses core pellets loaded with organic microbial agents as the matrix, and sequentially coats them with an inner shell layer and an outer shell layer in a double-layer coating structure. The core porous steam-exploded straw carrier has well-developed pores, which can adsorb and fix beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and gelatinous Bacillus. The inner shell contains hydroxyethyl cellulose, which slowly swells upon contact with water to form a water-resistant buffer layer, initially isolating it from external moisture impacts and preventing the core bacteria agent from rapidly absorbing water and being lost in large quantities; the outer shell uses a chitosan system, where chitosan fully dissolves under weakly acidic conditions to form a film, constructing an outer slow-release barrier. The double-layer coating allows for gradual water permeability and degradation from the inside out, enabling a step-by-step release of nutrients and avoiding the seedling burn caused by the concentrated release of ordinary organic fertilizers in a short period. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present application will now be described in further detail. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, all methods used in this invention are conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, and all reagents and materials used are commercially available products.

[0018] In this invention, the bacterial protein is brewer's yeast bacterial protein, and the mass ratio of bacterial protein to soy protein enzyme is 0.2:0.8.

[0019] Example 1: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.1 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 10%, and they are fed into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 1.4 MPa for 3 minutes. The valve is then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5. The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 3:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 1.5 mm. During pressing, 5% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:4). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 3% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 30℃ under microaerobic conditions for 72 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with 15 parts of bentonite and 65 parts of well-rotted compost powder, and obtain the inner shell coating material after uniform mixing. Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH value of water to 4.5 with citric acid, then dissolve 4 parts of chitosan in 2 times the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with 20 parts of attapulgite clay and 55 parts of protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30 seconds. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of atomized water added accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomized water pressure is 0.3 MPa, the droplet size is 80 μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 2.5 mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread while the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water added accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomized water pressure is 0.3MPa, the droplet size is 80μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 3.5mm. The disc pelletizing machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0020] Example 2: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.2 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 15%, and the mixture is sent into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 2 MPa for 4 minutes. The valve is then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5. The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 4:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 2 mm. During pressing, 6% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:5). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 4% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 32℃ under microaerobic conditions for 100 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve 6 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with 17 parts of bentonite and 70 parts of well-rotted compost powder, and after uniform mixing, the inner shell coating material is obtained. Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH value of water to 4.5 with citric acid, then dissolve 4 parts of chitosan in 2 times the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with 22 parts of attapulgite clay and 60 parts of protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of water added by atomization accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomization water pressure is 0.4MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 3mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread while the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water replenishment accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials. The atomized water pressure is 0.5MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 4mm. The disc sphere forming machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0021] Example 3: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.3 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 20%, and they are fed into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 2.2 MPa for 6 minutes. The valve is then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5. The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 6:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 2.5 mm. During pressing, 8% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:6). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 6% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 36℃ under microaerobic conditions for 120 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve 7 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with 15 parts of bentonite and 75 parts of well-rotted compost powder, and after uniform mixing, the inner shell coating material is obtained. Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH value of water to 4.5 with citric acid, then dissolve 6 parts of chitosan in 2 times the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with 25 parts of attapulgite clay and 65 parts of protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 60s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of water added by atomization accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomization water pressure is 0.4MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 3mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread. At the same time, the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water added accounts for 3.0% of the total mass of all solid materials. The atomized water pressure is 0.6MPa, the droplet size is 200μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 4.5mm. The disc pelletizing machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0022] Comparative Example 1: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.2 mm to obtain a porous composite carrier; the mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 4:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 2 mm. During pressing, 6% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:5). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 4% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 32℃ under microaerobic conditions for 100 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve 6 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with 17 parts of bentonite and 70 parts of well-rotted compost powder, and after uniform mixing, the inner shell coating material is obtained. Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH value of water to 4.5 with citric acid, then dissolve 4 parts of chitosan in 2 times the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with 22 parts of attapulgite clay and 60 parts of protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of water added by atomization accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomization water pressure is 0.4MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 3mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread while the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water replenishment accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials. The atomized water pressure is 0.5MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 4mm. The disc sphere forming machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0023] Comparative Example 2: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks, and corn stalks are crushed to 0.2 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 15%, and the mixture is fed into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 2 MPa for 4 minutes. The valves are then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks, and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5. The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 4:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 2 mm. During pressing, 6% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:5). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 4% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 32℃ under microaerobic conditions for 100 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve 6 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with 17 parts of bentonite and 70 parts of well-rotted compost powder, and after uniform mixing, the inner shell coating material is obtained. Preparation of outer shell coating material: Mix 22 parts of attapulgite clay and 64 parts of protein enzyme until uniform to obtain outer shell coating material; Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of water added by atomization accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomization water pressure is 0.4MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 3mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread while the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water replenishment accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials. The atomized water pressure is 0.5MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 4mm. The disc sphere forming machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0024] Comparative Example 3: The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks, and corn stalks are crushed to 0.2 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 15%, and the mixture is fed into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 2 MPa for 4 minutes. The valves are then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks, and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.5. The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacteria agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacteria agent is 4:1. The particle size of the core pellets is 2 mm. During pressing, 6% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The organic microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Candida albicans is 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.4. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water is 0.02:0.03:1. Compost powder is made from livestock and poultry manure and green manure through aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, pulverizing and sieving. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, wherein the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure was obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass (arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage), and the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass was 0.7:0.3. The preparation process of protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry (the soybean meal is crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:5). The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by cooking and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis (with a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the inoculation amount of the compound seed was 4% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry) was added to the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at 32℃ under microaerobic conditions for 100 hours. After fermentation, the fermentation system was subjected to heat passivation treatment to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial protein to obtain protein enzymes. The preparation of protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer includes the following steps: Preparation of inner shell coating material: 17 parts bentonite and 76 parts well-rotted compost powder were mixed evenly to obtain the inner shell coating material; Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH of water to 4.5 with citric acid, then dissolve 4 parts of chitosan in 2 times the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with 22 parts of attapulgite clay and 60 parts of protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. Rolling coating of inner shell layer: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45°, control the rotation speed to 15 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material. At the same time, use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The total amount of water added by atomization accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomization water pressure is 0.4MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the pellet size gradually grows to 3mm, thus obtaining the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets. Rolling outer shell layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core spheres, the inner shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread while the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water replenishment accounts for 2% of the total mass of all solid materials. The atomized water pressure is 0.5MPa, the droplet size is 150μm, and the sphere size gradually grows to 4mm. The disc sphere forming machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

[0025] Performance testing: The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer prepared using the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was mixed into the soil. Ten large-fruited tomato plants were planted in each group, and the tomato yield was tested. The test results are shown in Table 1. The planting conditions are as follows: Soil selection: Neutral garden soil, organic matter ≤20g / kg; Fertilizer mixing method: Mix organic fertilizer thoroughly with neutral garden soil and fill the seedling trays evenly; the proportion of organic fertilizer in neutral garden soil should be 3%; Temperature day / night simulation: 25℃ during the day, 20℃ at night; Soil moisture should be maintained at 60-70% of field capacity. Light exposure: 10-12 hours of light per day; No organic fertilizer was added to the control group; Table 1:

[0026] As can be seen from the table above, under uniform cultivation conditions, the tomato yield per plant and the rate of marketable fruit in the groups with applied organic fertilizer were higher than those in the control group. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention was generally better than that in Comparative Examples 1-3. Among them, Example 2 had the best effect, with an average yield of 4.8 kg per tomato plant and a rate of 92% marketable fruit. The yield per plant in each group of the Examples ranged from 4.2 to 4.8 kg, and the rate of marketable fruit was 86% to 92%. The yield per plant in each group of the Comparative Examples was 3.9 to 4.1 kg, and the rate of marketable fruit was 82% to 85%. The yield per plant in the control group was 3.5 kg, and the rate of marketable fruit was only 76%.

[0027] Experimental results demonstrate that this invention uses organic fertilizer pellets as the matrix, combined with a double-layer rolling coating structure of inner and outer shells, and works synergistically with chitosan and protease to stably supply nutrients, effectively increase the yield of large-fruited tomatoes per plant, reduce the proportion of deformed and cracked fruits, and significantly improve the marketable fruit rate.

[0028] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer, characterized in that, The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer is obtained by coating the core sphere with an inner shell layer and an outer shell layer in sequence on the outside of the core sphere; The inner shell layer and the outer shell layer are formed by the continuous adhesion and accumulation of the inner shell layer wrapping material and the outer shell layer wrapping material through a rolling wrapping method, and the thickness is increased layer by layer by rolling to form the inner shell layer and the outer shell layer respectively. The raw materials for preparing the inner shell coating material, by weight, include: 15-20 parts bentonite, 3-7 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 65-75 parts well-rotted compost powder; the raw materials for preparing the outer shell coating material include: 20-25 parts attapulgite, 2-6 parts chitosan, and 55-65 parts protease.

2. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core pellets are obtained by pressing a porous composite carrier loaded with organic bacterial agent. The mass ratio of the porous composite carrier to the organic bacterial agent is 3-6:

1. The particle size of the core pellets is 1.5-2.5 mm. During pressing, 5-8% of the total amount of the porous composite carrier is mixed with a binder. The adhesive is prepared by mixing sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water, with the mass ratio of sodium alginate, calcium lignosulfonate and water being 0.02:0.03:

1.

3. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compost powder is prepared by aerobic high-temperature composting, drying, crushing and sieving of livestock and poultry manure and green manure. The livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure, and the mass ratio of cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure is 0.2:0.3:0.5; The plant green manure is obtained by mixing arrowhead pea and ryegrass, with the mass ratio of arrowhead pea to ryegrass being 0.7:0.

3.

4. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the protein enzyme is as follows: soybean meal is crushed and mixed with water to obtain a uniform soybean meal slurry. The soybean meal slurry is pre-treated by steaming and then naturally cooled to the fermentation temperature for later use. A compound seed consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into the cooled soybean meal slurry. The mixture was fermented at a constant temperature of 30-36℃ under micro-aerobic conditions for 72-120 hours. After the fermentation was completed, the fermentation system was heated and passivated to terminate the fermentation reaction. The mixture was then filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate was collected to obtain liquid protein enzyme. Liquid protein enzymes are subjected to low-temperature spray drying and mixed with bacterial proteins to obtain protein enzymes.

5. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soybean meal is pulverized and passed through a 40-mesh sieve. The ratio of soybean meal to water is 1:4 to 1:

6. The inoculation amount of the compound seed is 3-6% of the total mass of the soybean meal slurry. The mass ratio of Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis is 2:1:

1.

6. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation process of the porous composite carrier is as follows: broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks are crushed to 0.1-0.3 mm, the moisture content is adjusted to 10-20%, and the mixture is sent into a sealed steam explosion tank. Saturated steam is introduced, and the pressure is maintained at 1.4-2.2 MPa for 3-6 minutes. The valve is then opened instantly to release pressure and explode. After the explosion, the material is discharged and cooled to obtain the porous composite carrier. The mass ratio of the broad bean stalks, peanut stalks and corn stalks is 0.2:0.3:0.

5.

7. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium and Candida albicans, with the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium and Candida albicans being 0.2:0.2:0.2:0.

4.

8. The protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arrowhead pea and ryegrass were harvested at the early flowering stage.

9. A method for preparing a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Preparation of inner shell coating material: First, dissolve hydroxyethyl cellulose in 2 times the amount of water, then mix it with bentonite and well-rotted compost powder, and obtain the inner shell coating material after uniform mixing. S2, Preparation of outer shell coating material: First, adjust the pH value of water to 4.5-5.5 with citric acid, dissolve chitosan with twice the amount of water after adjustment, and then mix it with attapulgite clay and protease. After uniform mixing, the outer shell coating material is obtained. S3, Rolling inner shell layer coating: Start the disc pelletizer, adjust the disc tilt angle to 45-52°, control the rotation speed to 15-20 r / min, put the core pellets into the disc pelletizer, and continuously roll for 30-60s. While the pellets are continuously rolling, continuously and evenly spread the inner shell coating material, and simultaneously use micro-atomized water replenishment to control the humidity of the disc surface. The pellet size gradually grows to 2.5-3.5mm, and the inner shell layer coating the outside of the core pellets is obtained. S4, Rolling Coating Outer Shell Layer: After obtaining the inner shell layer covering the outside of the core pellets, the pellets are continuously rolled and the outer shell layer coating material is continuously and evenly spread. At the same time, the humidity of the disc surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The pellet size gradually grows to 3.5-4.5mm. The disc pelletizing machine is then stopped, and the outer shell layer covering the outside of the inner shell layer is obtained.

10. The method for preparing a protein enzyme compound organic fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S4, the humidity of the tray surface is controlled by micro-atomized water replenishment. The total amount of atomized water added accounts for 0.5-3.0% of the total mass of all solid materials; the atomized water pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, and the droplet size is 80-200μm.

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