Variable angle loading experimental apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of mechanics, and in particular to a variable-angle loading experimental device and method. The experimental device comprises: a base assembly; a loading assembly comprising a driving unit and a loading unit; the driving unit is arranged on the base assembly, and the output end of the driving unit is rotatably connected with the loading unit, so that the included angle between the driving unit and the loading unit is variable; a limiting assembly is arranged on the base assembly and is oppositely arranged with the loading assembly; a to-be-measured region is formed between the loading unit and the limiting assembly; the loading state of the variable-angle loading experimental device comprises: the driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load to the to-be-measured region. Thus, the problem that the experimental device cannot realize loading at any angle is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanics, and more specifically, to an experimental apparatus and method for variable angle loading. Background Technology

[0002] In rock mechanics testing, experimental setups are used to simulate the mechanical behavior of rock masses under biaxial stress, which is of great significance for studying the strength, toughness, and other properties of materials. In the field of rock mechanics, rock, as a complex geological material, directly affects the safety and stability of practical engineering projects such as hydraulic engineering, mining, and tunnel construction. In actual engineering projects, rocks are often under complex stress states. For example, during tunnel excavation, the rock surrounding the tunnel wall is subjected to geostress from different angles, and the stress angles continuously change with the excavation depth and geological conditions.

[0003] Existing experimental devices have many shortcomings when conducting multi-angle loading tests on rocks. They can usually only be loaded at a fixed angle and cannot achieve loading at arbitrary angles. This makes it difficult to simulate the complex and variable stress angles experienced by rocks in actual engineering, resulting in deviations between the test results and actual engineering conditions, which restricts the application of rock mechanics theory in practical engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that experimental devices cannot achieve loading at arbitrary angles, this invention provides an experimental device and method for variable angle loading, comprising:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading, comprising:

[0006] Base assembly;

[0007] The loading component includes a drive unit and a loading unit; the drive unit is disposed on the base component, and the output end of the drive unit is rotatably connected to the loading unit so that the angle between the drive unit and the loading unit is variable.

[0008] A limiting component is provided on the base component and is positioned relative to the loading component;

[0009] The area to be tested is formed between the loading unit and the limiting component;

[0010] The loading states of the experimental setup with variable angle loading include: the driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load toward the area to be tested.

[0011] Optionally, the loading unit includes a loading plate and a connecting part; the connecting part is fixed to the loading plate and rotatably connected to the output end of the driving unit; a test area is formed between the loading plate and the limiting component;

[0012] The loading state includes: the drive unit drives the loading plate to apply a load to the area to be tested.

[0013] Optionally, the drive unit includes a drive component and a transmission component; the drive component is disposed on the base assembly, and the output end of the drive component is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission component so that the included angle between the drive component and the transmission component is variable; the other end of the transmission component is rotatably connected to the loading unit so that the included angle between the transmission component and the loading unit is variable.

[0014] The loading state also includes: at least one of the two ends of the transmission component is locked.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission component includes a connecting rod, a first locking part, and a second locking part; the two ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the driving component and the loading unit, respectively.

[0016] The loading state includes: the first locking part locking the connection between the fixing link and the drive member, and / or the second locking part locking the connection between the fixing link and the loading unit.

[0017] Optionally, the loading state includes: both ends of the transmission component are locked;

[0018] The locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the drive component is not equal to the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit.

[0019] Optionally, the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the drive component is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit.

[0020] Optionally, the limiting component includes a limiting unit and a fixing unit; the limiting unit is disposed on the base component; a test area is formed between the limiting unit and the loading unit;

[0021] The loading state also includes: fixing the limiting unit to the base assembly.

[0022] Optionally, the base assembly includes a base body and a sliding unit; the sliding unit is disposed on the base body and connected to the drive unit; the limiting component is disposed on the base body.

[0023] Optionally, the sliding unit includes a slider, a slide groove, and a locking element; the slide groove is formed on the base; the slider is slidably disposed in the slide groove and is fixedly connected to the drive unit;

[0024] The loading state also includes: the locking element locks the slider onto the base.

[0025] Optionally, at least two loading components are provided; both loading components are provided on the base component, and one loading component is disposed opposite to the limiting component; the at least two loading components and the limiting component surround the area to be measured.

[0026] The loading state also includes: at least two loading components applying loads to different locations in the area to be tested.

[0027] Secondly, the present invention also provides an experimental method for variable angle loading, applicable to any of the variable angle loading experimental apparatuses described in the first aspect; the experimental method for variable angle loading includes:

[0028] The test sample is placed on the base assembly and positioned between the loading unit and the limiting assembly;

[0029] The test sample is placed between the loading unit and the limiting component. The driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample and obtain the test data of the test sample.

[0030] Optionally, based on the test sample being placed between the loading unit and the limiting component, the driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample, and the test data of the test sample obtained includes:

[0031] The test sample is placed between the loading unit and the limiting component, and the connection between the driving component and the transmission component, as well as the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit, are locked; wherein, the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the driving component is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit.

[0032] Since the connection between the driving component and the transmission component, as well as the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit, are all locked, the driving component drives the transmission component to drive the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample, thereby obtaining the test data of the test sample.

[0033] To address the problem that experimental devices cannot achieve loading at arbitrary angles, this invention has the following advantages:

[0034] By rotatably connecting the output end of the drive unit to the loading unit, the angle between the drive unit and the loading unit can be changed, thereby enabling arbitrary angle loading of the test sample. Specifically, according to the needs of the simulation angle, the loading unit or the drive unit can be rotated to change the angle between the drive unit and the loading unit to achieve arbitrary angle loading of the test sample, thereby simulating the complex and variable force angles experienced by rocks in actual engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0036] Figure 2 A side view schematic diagram of an experimental setup with variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0037] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of an experimental setup with variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0038] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the loading component of an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the transmission components of an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the loading unit of an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the limiting component of an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to one embodiment is shown.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 10 Base assembly; 11 Base body; 12 Sliding unit; 121 Slider; 122 Slide groove; 123 Locking component; 20 Loading assembly; 21 Drive unit; 211 Drive component; 212 Transmission component; 2121 Connecting rod; 2122 First locking part; 2123 Second locking part; 22 Loading unit; 231 Loading plate; 232 Connecting part; 30 Limiting assembly; 31 Limiting unit; 311 Limiting plate; 312 Fixing part; 32 Fixing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the disclosure.

[0045] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "at least one" means two or more.

[0046] Existing loading devices are generally designed with fixed loading in an orthogonal coordinate system, meaning stress can only be applied along the direction perpendicular to the sample. While this fixed structure facilitates control and measurement, it is difficult to simulate the non-orthogonal, multi-angle complex principal stress states experienced by soil and rock materials in actual engineering projects. In real-world conditions, such as slope sliding surfaces, disturbed rock zones in tunnels, unloading zones during foundation pit excavation, and areas where foundation bearing capacity fails, the principal stress axes often rotate and deflect with space and time, resulting in significant angles between the stress direction and the inherent orthogonal axis of the loading device. However, due to mechanical limitations, the force direction of each loading unit 22 in traditional equipment is permanently fixed, making angle adjustment impossible according to the actual stress path. This means that indoor mechanical tests can only approximate idealized normal stress boundary conditions and cannot reproduce the complex stress loading paths experienced by soil and rock masses in the field. Consequently, the key mechanical properties of soil and rock materials obtained under specific shear angles or complex stress rotation paths deviate from the actual conditions in engineering sites. This disconnect not only limits the applicability of experimental results in numerical calculations and model verification, but also makes engineering safety assessments and failure predictions based on laboratory tests often conservative or inaccurate. Therefore, developing multi-angle, non-orthogonal loading devices with adjustable loading directions has become a key technological bottleneck that urgently needs to be overcome in the field of geotechnical mechanics testing.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above problems, this application discloses an experimental apparatus for variable angle loading, comprising:

[0049] Base assembly 10; Base assembly 10 is used to provide a fixed reference for the whole device and support the test sample; Loading assembly 20 includes a driving unit 21 and a loading unit 22; The driving unit 21 is disposed on the base assembly 10, and the output end of the driving unit 21 is rotatably connected to the loading unit 22 so that the angle between the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 is variable, thereby realizing arbitrary angle loading of the test sample. Specifically, according to the need of the simulation angle, the loading unit 22 or the driving unit 21 is rotated to change the angle between the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 to realize arbitrary angle loading of the test sample, so as to simulate the complex and variable force angle of the rock in actual engineering.

[0050] The limiting component 30 is disposed on the base component 10 and is positioned opposite to the loading component 20. The limiting component 30 provides limiting support for the test sample.

[0051] A test area is formed between the loading unit 22 and the limiting component 30, and the test area is used to place the test sample.

[0052] The loading states of the variable angle loading experimental device include: the driving unit 21 drives the loading unit 22 to apply a load towards the area to be tested; specifically, since the loading unit 22 abuts against the surface to be loaded on the test sample, and the angle between the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 is variable; when the angle between the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 is adjusted to an acute or obtuse angle, the loading of the test sample at an oblique angle can be simulated; when the angle between the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 is adjusted to a right angle, the loading of the test sample at a vertical angle can be simulated. The device has low overall cost and is easy to use.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the loading unit 22 includes a loading plate 231 and a connecting part 232; the connecting part 232 is fixed on the loading plate 231 and rotatably connected to the output end of the driving unit 21, and the connecting part 232 is used to connect the loading plate 231 and the driving unit 21; a test area is formed between the loading plate 231 and the limiting component 30, the loading plate 231 is flat and contacts the entire load surface of the test sample to expand the contact area between the loading plate 231 and the test sample, so that the load is applied more evenly to the entire load surface of the test sample; the loading state includes: the driving unit 21 drives the loading plate 231 to apply the load toward the test area.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drive unit 21 includes a drive component 211 and a transmission component 212. The drive component 211 is mounted on the base assembly 10 for easy repeated experiments. The output end of the drive component 211 is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission component 212, so that the included angle between the drive component 211 and the transmission component 212 is variable. Specifically, the drive component 211 can be a power element such as a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to output pushing force to apply a load. Since the angle between the drive unit 21 and the loading unit 22 needs to be variable, and the drive component 211 needs to be connected to wires, air pipes, etc., if the drive component 211 rotates... If the drive unit 211 moves, the connected wires, air pipes, etc., need to rotate accordingly, which can easily lead to tangling and knotting, making operation inconvenient. Therefore, a rotatable transmission component 212 is selected. The transmission component 212 changes the direction of the driving force output by the drive component 211 to achieve variable angle loading on the test sample. The other end of the transmission component 212 is rotatably connected to the loading unit 22 so that the included angle between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22 is variable. The loading state also includes: at least one end of the transmission component 212 is locked to ensure that the transmission component 212 will not rotate arbitrarily when the drive component 211 outputs driving force.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the transmission component 212 includes a connecting rod 2121, a first locking part 2122, and a second locking part 2123. The two ends of the connecting rod 2121 are rotatably connected to the driving component 211 and the loading unit 22, respectively. The connecting rod 2121 has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to use in laboratory settings. The loading state includes: the first locking part 2122 locking and fixing the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the driving component 211, and / or the second locking part 2123 locking and fixing the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the loading unit 22.

[0056] Specifically, under load, the locking of the connecting rod 2121 includes the following three situations: First, the first locking part 2122 locks and fixes the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the driving member 211, so that the connecting rod 2121 and the driving member 211 do not rotate relative to each other, ensuring that the transmission member 212 will not rotate arbitrarily when the driving member 211 outputs driving force; Second, the second locking part 2123 locks and fixes the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the loading unit 22, so that the connecting rod 2121 and the loading unit 22 do not rotate relative to each other, ensuring that the transmission member 212 will not rotate arbitrarily when the driving member 211 outputs driving force; Third, the first locking part 2122 locks and fixes the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the driving member 211, and the second locking part 2123 locks and fixes the connection between the connecting rod 2121 and the loading unit 22, so that the driving member 211, the transmission member 212, and the loading unit 22 do not rotate relative to each other. In another embodiment, the first locking part 2122 and the second locking part 2123 may be locking devices such as tension sleeves and locking rings.

[0057] Furthermore, the loading state includes: both ends of the transmission member 212 are locked. At this time, the first locking part 2122 locks the connection between the fixing link 2121 and the driving member 211, and the second locking part 2123 locks the connection between the fixing link 2121 and the loading unit 22. Compared with only locking the first locking part 2122 or only locking the second locking part 2123, the driving force output by the driving member 211 can be delivered to the loading unit 22 more evenly and stably. The locking force at the connection between the transmission member 212 and the driving member 211 is not equal to the locking force at the connection between the transmission member 212 and the loading unit 22, that is, the locking force of the first locking part 2122 is different from the locking force of the second locking part 2123. When the driving force output by the driving member 211 is too large, causing the test sample to break and pop out, the loading surface of the test sample... The sample moves and is no longer parallel to the loading plate 231. Because the locking force of the first locking part 2122 is different from that of the second locking part 2123, one of the two ends of the transmission member 212 will lose its locking force first. This allows the transmission member 212 or the loading unit 22 to adapt to the rotation of the loading surface after the test sample moves, thereby buffering the reaction force on the driving member 211, reducing the damage to the driving member 211, and achieving overload protection for the driving member 211. In the case of multiple loading components 20 loading the test sample in multiple directions, by setting the locking force of the first locking part 2122 and the locking force of the second locking part 2123 to be different, multiple loading components 20 can adapt to the rotation of the test sample, preventing collisions between multiple loading components 20 and reducing the degree of damage.

[0058] Furthermore, the locking force at the connection between the transmission component 212 and the drive component 211 is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22. That is, the locking force of the first locking part 2122 is greater than the locking force of the second locking part 2123. Therefore, when the test sample is broken and ejected, the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22 fails first, allowing the loading unit 22 to rotate relative to the transmission component 212 to adapt to the changes in the loading surface of the test sample. Compared with the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22 rotating relative to the test sample as a whole, its rotational arm is smaller, which greatly reduces the destructive bending moment on the drive component 211 and the transmission component 212.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, the limiting component 30 includes a limiting unit 31 and a fixing unit 32; the limiting unit 31 is disposed on the base component 10; a test area is formed between the limiting unit 31 and the loading unit 22, and the limiting unit 31 supports the test sample in the test area, so that the load applied by the loading component 20 can act on the test sample to obtain the test data of the test sample; the loading state also includes: the fixing unit 32 fixing the limiting unit 31 on the base component 10; the limiting unit 31 can move and change its position on the base component 10 according to actual use requirements, and the fixing unit 32 is used to fix the limiting unit 31 after it moves to the target position.

[0060] In another embodiment, the limiting unit 31 includes a limiting plate 311 and a fixing part 312; the limiting plate 311 is placed on the base assembly 10 and can move and change position on the base assembly 10 according to actual usage requirements; a test area is formed between the limiting plate 311 and the loading unit 22, the limiting plate 311 is flat and makes full-surface contact with the test sample to expand the contact area between the limiting plate 311 and the test sample, thereby achieving more uniform support for the test sample; the fixing part 312 is fixed on the limiting plate 311 and connected to the fixing unit 32 to fix the limiting plate 311.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the base assembly 10 includes a base body 11 and a sliding unit 12. The base body 11 is used to provide a fixed reference for the entire device and support the test sample. The sliding unit 12 is disposed on the base body 11 and connected to the drive unit 21. The drive unit 21 can slide on the base body 11 and adjust its position as needed to better realize the variable angle loading of the test sample. The limiting component 30 is disposed on the base body 11.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the sliding unit 12 includes a slider 121, a groove 122, and a locking element 123. The groove 122 is formed on the base 11. The slider 121 is slidably disposed in the groove 122 and fixedly connected to the drive unit 21. Due to the presence of the slider 121 and the groove 122, the drive unit 21 can slide to the target position according to actual usage requirements. The loading state also includes: the locking element 123 locks the slider 121 on the base 11. After the drive unit 21 moves to the target position, the locking element 123 locks and fixes the slider 121 to prevent the drive unit 21 from sliding when a load is applied, which would affect the experimental results.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, there are at least two loading components 20; both loading components 20 are mounted on the base component 10, with one loading component 20 positioned opposite to the limiting component 30; the at least two loading components 20 and the limiting component 30 surround the area to be tested; the loading state also includes: the at least two loading components 20 apply loads to different positions of the area to be tested, realizing multi-directional and multi-angle loading of the test sample, which is more in line with the complex stress angle of rocks in actual engineering, and multiple loading components 20 can operate independently without interfering with each other.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] In this embodiment, a variable angle loading experimental method is disclosed, which is applied to any of the variable angle loading experimental devices in Embodiment 1. The variable angle loading experimental method includes: placing the test sample on the base assembly 10 and between the loading unit 22 and the limiting assembly 30, specifically in the test area on the seat 11; based on the test sample being placed between the loading unit 22 and the limiting assembly 30, the driving unit 21 drives the loading unit 22 to apply a load to the test sample, and obtains the test data of the test sample. Since the driving unit 21 and the loading unit 22 are connected by a variable angle rotation, the test sample can be loaded at different angles according to the requirements, so as to better simulate the stress angle of rocks in actual engineering.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the fact that the test sample is placed between the loading unit 22 and the limiting component 30, the driving unit 21 drives the loading unit 22 to apply a load to the test sample, and the test data of the test sample obtained includes:

[0067] Since the test sample is placed between the loading unit 22 and the limiting component 30, the connection between the driving component 211 and the transmission component 212, as well as the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22, are locked. Among them, the locking force at the connection between the transmission component 212 and the driving component 211 is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22. Therefore, when the test sample is broken, the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22 will fail first, thus better protecting the driving unit 21.

[0068] Since the connection between the driving component 211 and the transmission component 212, as well as the connection between the transmission component 212 and the loading unit 22, are both locked, the driving component 211 drives the transmission component 212 to drive the loading unit 22 to apply a load to the test sample, thereby obtaining the test data of the test sample.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for variable angle loading, characterized in that, The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading includes: Base assembly; A loading component includes a driving unit and a loading unit; the driving unit is disposed on the base component, and the output end of the driving unit is rotatably connected to the loading unit so that the angle between the driving unit and the loading unit is variable; A limiting component is disposed on the base component and is positioned opposite to the loading component; A test area is formed between the loading unit and the limiting component; The loading state of the experimental device with variable angle loading includes: the driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load toward the area to be tested.

2. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading unit includes a loading plate and a connecting part; the connecting part is fixed to the loading plate and rotatably connected to the output end of the driving unit; the area to be tested is formed between the loading plate and the limiting component. The loading state includes: the driving unit driving the loading plate to apply a load toward the area to be tested.

3. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a drive component and a transmission component; the drive component is disposed on the base assembly, and the output end of the drive component is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission component so that the included angle between the drive component and the transmission component is variable. The other end of the transmission component is rotatably connected to the loading unit so that the included angle between the transmission component and the loading unit is variable; The loading state also includes: at least one end of the transmission component is locked.

4. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission component includes a connecting rod, a first locking part, and a second locking part; the two ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the driving component and the loading unit, respectively. The loading state includes: the first locking part locking and fixing the connection between the connecting rod and the driving member, and / or the second locking part locking and fixing the connection between the connecting rod and the loading unit.

5. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 3, characterized in that, The loading state includes: both ends of the transmission component are locked; The locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the drive component is not equal to the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit.

6. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the driving component is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit.

7. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a limiting unit and a fixing unit; the limiting unit is disposed on the base component; the area to be tested is formed between the limiting unit and the loading unit; The loading state also includes: the fixing unit fixing the limiting unit to the base assembly.

8. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base assembly includes a base body and a sliding unit; the sliding unit is disposed on the base body and connected to the driving unit; the limiting component is disposed on the base body.

9. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sliding unit includes a slider, a slide groove, and a locking element; the slide groove is formed on the base body. The slider is slidably disposed within the groove and is fixedly connected to the drive unit; The loading state also includes: the locking member locking the slider onto the base.

10. The experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading component is provided in at least two parts; at least two loading components are provided on the base component, and one of the loading components is disposed opposite to the limiting component; at least two loading components and the limiting component surround the area to be tested; The loading state also includes: at least two of the loading components applying loads to different locations in the area to be tested.

11. An experimental method for variable angle loading, characterized in that, The experimental method for variable angle loading is applied to the experimental apparatus for variable angle loading according to any one of claims 1-10; the experimental method for variable angle loading includes: The test sample is placed on the base assembly and positioned between the loading unit and the limiting assembly; With the test sample placed between the loading unit and the limiting component, the driving unit drives the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample, thereby obtaining test data of the test sample.

12. The experimental method for variable angle loading according to claim 11, characterized in that, The process of placing the test sample between the loading unit and the limiting component, and the driving unit driving the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample to obtain test data of the test sample includes: Based on the test sample being placed between the loading unit and the limiting component, the connection between the driving component and the transmission component, as well as the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit, are locked; wherein, the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the driving component is greater than the locking force at the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit; Since the connection between the driving component and the transmission component, as well as the connection between the transmission component and the loading unit, are both locked, the driving component drives the transmission component to drive the loading unit to apply a load to the test sample, thereby obtaining the test data of the test sample.

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