Tunnel monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel monitoring device which comprises a settlement monitoring mechanism, a laser displacement meter, a multi-point displacement meter, a steel bar meter, an osmometer and a soil pressure meter, the relative vertical displacement of each measuring point of the tunnel is monitored through the static level gauge, the tunnel vault sinking and peripheral convergence are monitored through the laser displacement meter, the internal space position change of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored through the multi-point displacement meter, and the steel bar stress of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored through the steel bar meter. The seepage pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil body is monitored through the osmometer, and the pressure stress of the soil body outside the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored through the soil pressure meter, so that monitoring measurement and informatization construction are achieved, the actual geological condition of the tunnel can be mastered in time, and the stress characteristics and deformation conditions of the tunnel surrounding rock and the supporting lining structure can be mastered; therefore, collapse, large deformation and other disaster symptoms can be found as early as possible, measures can be taken in time, and construction safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, in particular to a tunnel monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The construction of urban infrastructure under the new situation is an important guarantee for improving people's living standards. Therefore, refined and intelligent urban infrastructure maintenance and operation are becoming increasingly important. Tunnels will be built in urban construction to alleviate traffic pressure.

[0003] Today’s urban tunnel structures are prone to uneven settlement during the operation period after completion, which can lead to excessive deformation of the expansion joints, further aggravating water leakage at the expansion joints. In severe cases, this can affect the safety of the structure, so monitoring and maintenance are necessary.

[0004] The existing patent document with announcement number CN217712681U discloses an intelligent monitoring device for urban tunnel structures. Through the static level, it can timely send out signals for early warning of uneven settlement, and the unidirectional displacement meter can timely detect excessive deformation of the deformation joint and send out a signal early warning, so as to enable timely maintenance. Compared with the current tunnel structure, it is suitable for real-time dynamic monitoring of uneven settlement and horizontal convergence data of urban tunnel structures, especially special sections of tunnels such as deformation joint positions or variable section sections. It can monitor the horizontal convergence and vertical displacement of the built tunnel structure in the city in real time, timely grasp the operation status of the urban tunnel structure, and use information, platform and intelligent means to create a smart tunnel, so as to achieve the purpose of preventive structural maintenance.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring device for urban tunnel structure can solve the corresponding technical problems, it can only monitor the uneven settlement and horizontal convergence data of urban tunnel structure in real time. The monitoring content is relatively small, and it is difficult to grasp the actual geological conditions of the tunnel in time, and grasp the stress characteristics and deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock and supporting lining structure. It is difficult to detect disaster signs such as landslides and large deformations as early as possible, and it is difficult to ensure construction safety. For this reason, we propose a tunnel monitoring device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel monitoring device for solving the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by the utility model include:

[0008] A tunnel monitoring device, comprising:

[0009] A settlement monitoring mechanism, which is used to measure the liquid level change at each measuring point of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the settlement monitoring mechanism includes a static level and a bracket for supporting the static level and capable of changing the installation angle according to the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0010] A laser displacement meter is used to measure the slight change in the distance between two points in any direction around the tunnel surrounding rock. The static level and the laser displacement meter are both symmetrically arranged about the tunnel centerline. A reflector used in conjunction with the laser displacement meter is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel vault. The laser displacement meter is located obliquely below the static level.

[0011] A multi-point displacement meter is used to measure the deformation inside the tunnel surrounding rock, and three multi-point displacement meters are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction, the multi-point displacement meter located on the side is arranged between the static level and the laser displacement meter, and the center line of the multi-point displacement meter located at the center is in the same plane as the center line of the tunnel;

[0012] A steel bar meter, which is used to measure the stress of steel bars in the tunnel, and the steel bar meter is installed on the anchor rods of the tunnel;

[0013] An osmometer is used to measure the seepage water pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil, and the osmometer is symmetrically buried on both sides of the tunnel foundation;

[0014] The soil pressure gauge is used to measure the compressive stress of the soil outside the tunnel surrounding rock, and four soil pressure gauges are regularly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the bracket includes a first mounting plate which is detachably mounted below the static level by bolts, two symmetrical convex rings are fixedly connected to one side of the first mounting plate, a second mounting plate is movably provided on one side of the first mounting plate, a convex rod is fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate, and one end of the rotating rod away from the convex rod is movably extended to the outside of the convex ring.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a gear, and a limiting component for limiting the rotation of the gear is provided on a side of the convex ring away from the convex rod;

[0017] Among them, the limiting assembly includes a gear sleeve mounted on the surface of the gear, the gear sleeve is meshed with the gear, the outer surface of the gear sleeve is fixedly connected with at least two symmetrically arranged T-shaped rods, and the rotating rod is provided with a limiting hole for the T-shaped rod to slide.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the gear is a magnetic gear, the gear sleeve is an iron gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve is adsorbed on the gear by magnetic force.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, two symmetrically arranged positioning components are provided between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;

[0020] Among them, the positioning assembly includes a first baffle fixedly connected to the first mounting plate, a boss is fixedly connected to one side of the first baffle, a second baffle adapted to the first baffle is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate, a sliding hole for the boss to slide is opened on the second baffle, and a nut is threadedly sleeved on one end of the boss.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, at least four regularly distributed concrete strain gauges are buried in the tunnel surrounding rock along the circumferential direction, and the concrete strain gauges are used to measure the total strain of the tunnel surrounding rock concrete under the action of load and other factors.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, a data acquisition module and a controller electrically connected to the static level, laser displacement meter, multi-point displacement meter, steel bar meter, osmometer, earth pressure gauge and concrete strain gauge are also installed on the tunnel surrounding rock. The data acquisition module is used to collect data uploaded by the static level, laser displacement meter, multi-point displacement meter, steel bar meter, osmometer, earth pressure gauge and concrete strain gauge, and the controller is used to adjust the working status or parameters of the static level, laser displacement meter, multi-point displacement meter, steel bar meter, osmometer, earth pressure gauge, concrete strain gauge and data acquisition module.

[0023] As an optimal technical solution, the static level, laser displacement meter, multi-point displacement meter, steel bar meter, piezometer, earth pressure gauge and concrete strain gauge are installed in multiple groups on the inner wall of the tunnel at equal intervals along the length of the tunnel, and the multi-point displacement meter, steel bar meter, piezometer and earth pressure gauge can synchronously measure the temperature value of the buried point.

[0024] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model of this application are:

[0026] The relative vertical displacement of each measuring point in the tunnel is monitored by a static level, the sinking of the tunnel vault and the convergence of the surrounding area are monitored by a laser displacement meter, the changes in the internal spatial position of the tunnel surrounding rock are monitored by a multi-point displacement meter, the steel bar stress of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored by a steel bar meter, the seepage water pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil is monitored by a piezometer, and the compressive stress of the external soil of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored by an earth pressure gauge, so as to realize information-based construction. This can not only timely grasp the actual geological conditions of the tunnel, but also grasp the stress characteristics and deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock and supporting lining structure, so as to discover the signs of disasters such as landslides and large deformations as early as possible, and take timely measures to ensure construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel monitoring device of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural stereoscopic schematic diagram of a settlement monitoring mechanism of a tunnel monitoring device of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a support structure of a tunnel monitoring device of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of a support structure of a tunnel monitoring device of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural three-dimensional cutaway diagram of a rotating rod and a limiting assembly of a tunnel monitoring device according to the utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1. settlement monitoring mechanism; 11. static level; 12. bracket; 121. first mounting plate; 1211. convex ring; 122. second mounting plate; 1221. convex rod; 123. rotating rod; 1231. gear; 124. limit assembly; 1241. gear sleeve; 1242. T-bar; 1243. limit hole; 1244. convex block; 125. positioning assembly; 1251. first baffle; 1252. convex column; 1253. second baffle; 1254. sliding hole; 1255. nut; 2. laser displacement meter; 3. multi-point displacement meter; 4. steel bar meter; 5. piezometer; 6. soil pressure meter; 7. concrete strain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0034] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 , an embodiment of the utility model provides a tunnel monitoring device, comprising: a settlement monitoring mechanism 1, a laser displacement meter 2, a multi-point displacement meter 3, a steel bar meter 4, a piezometer 5 and an earth pressure meter 6;

[0035] The settlement monitoring mechanism 1 is used to measure the liquid level change at each measuring point of the tunnel surrounding rock. The settlement monitoring mechanism 1 includes a static level 11 and a bracket 12 for supporting the static level 11 and capable of changing the installation angle according to the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0036] Among them, the laser displacement meter 2 is used to measure the slight change of the distance between two points in any direction around the tunnel surrounding rock, and the static level 11 and the laser displacement meter 2 are both symmetrically arranged about the tunnel centerline. A reflector used in conjunction with the laser displacement meter 2 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel vault, and the laser displacement meter 2 is located obliquely below the static level 11;

[0037] Among them, the multi-point displacement meter 3 is used to measure the deformation inside the tunnel surrounding rock, and three multi-point displacement meters 3 are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction. The multi-point displacement meter 3 located on the side is arranged between the static level 11 and the laser displacement meter 2, and the center line of the multi-point displacement meter 3 located at the center is in the same plane as the center line of the tunnel;

[0038] The steel bar meter 4 is used to measure the steel bar stress of the tunnel, and the steel bar meter 4 is installed on the anchor rod of the tunnel;

[0039] The piezometer 5 is used to measure the seepage water pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil, and the piezometer 5 is symmetrically buried on both sides of the tunnel foundation;

[0040] The soil pressure gauge 6 is used to measure the compressive stress of the soil outside the tunnel surrounding rock, and four piezometers 5 are regularly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0041] Among them, the bracket 12 includes a first mounting plate 121 which is detachably mounted under the static level 11 by bolts, and two symmetrical convex rings 1211 are fixedly connected to one side of the first mounting plate 121, and a second mounting plate 122 is movably provided on one side of the first mounting plate 121, and a convex rod 1221 is fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate 122, and the convex rod 1221 is located between the two convex rings 1211, and one end of the rotating rod 123 away from the convex rod 1221 is movably penetrated to the outside of the convex ring 1211, and the inner wall surface of the convex ring 1211 and the outer surface of the rotating rod 123 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, and the convex ring 1211, the convex rod 1221 and the rotating rod 123 are used in coordination, The first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be movably connected, so that the angle between the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be adjusted accordingly according to the curvature of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0042] One end of the rotating rod 123 is fixedly connected to a gear 1231, and a limiting component 124 for limiting the rotation of the gear 1231 is provided on a side of the convex ring 1211 away from the convex rod 1221;

[0043] The limiting assembly 124 includes a gear sleeve 1241 sleeved on the surface of the gear 1231, the gear sleeve 1241 is meshed with the gear 1231, and the outer surface of the gear sleeve 1241 is fixedly connected with at least two symmetrically arranged T-shaped rods 1242. The rotating rod 123 is provided with a limiting hole 1243 for the T-shaped rod 1242 to slide. When the gear sleeve 1241 is sleeved on the gear 1231, the rotating rod 123 can be restricted, effectively preventing the rotating rod 123 and the second mounting plate 122 from rotating, thereby enabling the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 to be maintained at a certain angle.

[0044] Among them, the gear 1231 is a magnetic gear, the gear sleeve 1241 is an iron gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve 1241 is adsorbed on the gear 1231 by magnetic force, which helps to improve the stability of the gear sleeve 1241 when meshing with the gear 1231, and effectively prevents the gear sleeve 1241 from easily loosening from the gear 1231. The outer surface of the gear sleeve 1241 is fixedly connected with a protrusion 1244, which is convenient for pulling the protrusion 1244.

[0045] Among them, two symmetrically arranged positioning components 125 are provided between the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122;

[0046] The positioning assembly 125 includes a first baffle 1251 fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 121, a boss 1252 is fixedly connected to one side of the first baffle 1251, and a second baffle 1253 adapted to the first baffle 1251 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 122. The first baffle 1251 and the second baffle 1253 are both fan-shaped structures, and a sliding hole 1254 is provided on the second baffle 1253 for the boss 1252 to slide. A nut 1255 is threadedly sleeved on one end of the boss 1252. Through the arrangement of the positioning assembly 125, the stability between the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be further improved, so that the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be stably maintained at a certain angle.

[0047] Among them, at least four regularly distributed concrete strain gauges 7 are buried in the tunnel surrounding rock along the circumferential direction. The concrete strain gauges 7 are used to measure the total strain of the tunnel surrounding rock concrete under the action of load and other factors.

[0048] Among them, a data acquisition module and a controller electrically connected to the static level 11, laser displacement meter 2, multi-point displacement meter 3, steel bar meter 4, osmometer 5, earth pressure gauge 6 and concrete strain gauge 7 are also installed on the tunnel surrounding rock. The data acquisition module is used to collect data uploaded by the static level 11, laser displacement meter 2, multi-point displacement meter 3, steel bar meter 4, osmometer 5, earth pressure gauge 6 and concrete strain gauge 7. The controller is used to adjust the working state or parameters of the static level 11, laser displacement meter 2, multi-point displacement meter 3, steel bar meter 4, osmometer 5, earth pressure gauge 6, concrete strain gauge 7 and the data acquisition module. Through in-depth analysis of the stress and deformation conditions of the surrounding rock and tunnel structure, the rationality, safety and economy of the tunnel construction process and the support lining structure parameters are accurately evaluated, and guidance is provided for optimizing the construction, ultimately achieving the goals of safety, quality and economy. According to the monitoring and measurement data, the safety and reliability of the tunnel during operation are guaranteed.

[0049] Among them, the static level 11, laser displacement meter 2, multi-point displacement meter 3, steel bar meter 4, piezometer 5, earth pressure meter 6 and concrete strain gauge 7 are installed in multiple groups at equal intervals on the inner wall of the tunnel along the length of the tunnel, and the multi-point displacement meter 3, steel bar meter 4, piezometer 5 and earth pressure meter 6 can synchronously measure the temperature value of the buried point.

[0050] It should be noted that the static level 11 can adopt the model CK-SZY-120 static level, the laser displacement meter 2 can adopt the model ZKJG-30 laser displacement meter, the multi-point displacement meter 3 can adopt the model XF-910 vibrating wire multi-point displacement meter, the steel bar meter 4 can adopt the model ZKGJ-12 vibrating wire steel bar meter, the piezometer 5 can adopt the model CG-85D vibrating wire piezometer, the earth pressure meter 6 can adopt the model BLT-660 vibrating wire earth pressure meter, the concrete strain gauge 7 can adopt the model YT-ZX-0200 series embedded concrete strain gauge, and the controller can choose the Siemens s7-300 series PLC controller.

[0051] The working principle of the utility model is: the relative vertical displacement of each measuring point of the tunnel is monitored by a static level 11 to realize the monitoring of the surface subsidence of the tunnel vault, the subsidence of the tunnel vault and the convergence of the surrounding area are monitored by a laser displacement meter 2 to realize the monitoring of the convergence of the tunnel, the spatial position change inside the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored by a multi-point displacement meter 3 to realize the displacement monitoring inside the tunnel surrounding rock, the steel bar stress of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored by a steel bar meter 4 to realize the monitoring of the steel bar stress of the tunnel, the seepage water pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil is monitored by a piezometer 5 to realize the pore water pressure monitoring, the compressive stress of the external soil of the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored by an earth pressure meter 6 to realize the monitoring of the surrounding rock pressure, and the strain inside the tunnel surrounding rock concrete is monitored by a concrete strain meter 7 to realize the measurement of the strain of the surrounding rock concrete;

[0052] By pulling the gear sleeve 1241 with force, the gear sleeve 1241 drives the T-shaped rod 1242 to slide in the inner cavity of the limiting hole 1243 until the gear sleeve 1241 is separated from the surface of the gear 1231, and the rotating rod 123 can be unlocked. At this time, the second mounting plate 122 can be moved, so that the second mounting plate 122 drives the second baffle plate 1253, the sliding hole 1254, the protruding rod 1221 and the gear 1231 to rotate synchronously, the protruding column 1252 slides in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 1254, and the second baffle plate 1253 slides on the surface of the first baffle plate 1251. Adjust the second mounting plate 122 to the corresponding position by the top arc, and then loosen the tooth sleeve 1241, so that the tooth sleeve 1241 is adsorbed on the gear 1231 through magnetic force, and the preliminary positioning of the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be completed, and then tighten the nut 1255 on the boss 1252 to complete the positioning of the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122, so that the first mounting plate 121 and the second mounting plate 122 can be stably maintained in this state, and finally the static level 11 can be installed on the first mounting plate 121.

[0053] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A settlement monitoring mechanism (1) is used to measure the amount of change in the liquid level at each measuring point of the tunnel surrounding rock, the settlement monitoring mechanism (1) comprising a static level (11) and a bracket (12) used to support the static level (11) and capable of changing the installation angle according to the tunnel surrounding rock; A laser displacement meter (2) is used to measure a small change in the distance between two points in any direction around the tunnel surrounding rock, and two of the static level (11) and the laser displacement meter (2) are symmetrically arranged about the tunnel centerline, and a reflector plate used in conjunction with the laser displacement meter (2) is installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel vault, and the laser displacement meter (2) is located obliquely below the static level (11); A multi-point displacement meter (3) is used to measure the deformation inside the tunnel surrounding rock, and three multi-point displacement meters (3) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the multi-point displacement meter (3) located on the side is arranged between the static level (11) and the laser displacement meter (2), and the center line of the multi-point displacement meter (3) located at the center is in the same plane as the center line of the tunnel; A steel bar meter (4), which is used to measure the stress of steel bars in the tunnel, and the steel bar meter (4) is installed on the anchor rods of the tunnel; A piezometer (5) is used to measure the seepage water pressure inside the tunnel foundation soil, and the piezometer (5) is symmetrically buried on both sides of the tunnel foundation; The soil pressure gauge (6) is used to measure the compressive stress of the soil outside the tunnel surrounding rock, and four of the piezometers (5) are regularly distributed along the circumferential direction.

2. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (12) comprises a first mounting plate (121) which is detachably mounted below the static level (11) by means of bolts; two symmetrical convex rings (1211) are fixedly connected to one side of the first mounting plate (121); a second mounting plate (122) is movably provided on one side of the first mounting plate (121); a convex rod (1221) is fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate (122); and an end of a rotating rod (123) away from the convex rod (1221) is movably penetrated to the outside of the convex ring (1211).

3. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotating rod (123) is fixedly connected to a gear (1231), and a limiting component (124) for limiting the rotation of the gear (1231) is provided on a side of the convex ring (1211) away from the convex rod (1221); The limiting assembly (124) comprises a gear sleeve (1241) sleeved on the surface of the gear (1231), the gear sleeve (1241) meshing with the gear (1231), the outer surface of the gear sleeve (1241) being fixedly connected with at least two symmetrically arranged T-shaped rods (1242), and the rotating rod (123) being provided with a limiting hole (1243) for the T-shaped rod (1242) to slide.

4. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear (1231) is a magnetic gear, the gear sleeve (1241) is an iron gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve (1241) is adsorbed on the gear (1231) by magnetic force.

5. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged positioning components (125) are provided between the first mounting plate (121) and the second mounting plate (122); The positioning assembly (125) comprises a first baffle (1251) fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (121); a boss (1252) is fixedly connected to one side of the first baffle (1251); a second baffle (1253) adapted to the first baffle (1251) is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate (122); a sliding hole (1254) for the boss (1252) to slide is provided on the second baffle (1253); a nut (1255) is threadedly sleeved on one end of the boss (1252).

6. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least four regularly distributed concrete strain gauges (7) are buried in the tunnel surrounding rock along the circumferential direction. The concrete strain gauges (7) are used to measure the total strain of the tunnel surrounding rock concrete under the action of load and other factors.

7. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A data acquisition module and a controller electrically connected to the static level (11), the laser displacement meter (2), the multi-point displacement meter (3), the steel bar meter (4), the piezometer (5), the earth pressure gauge (6) and the concrete strain gauge (7) are also installed on the tunnel surrounding rock. The data acquisition module is used to collect data uploaded by the static level (11), the laser displacement meter (2), the multi-point displacement meter (3), the steel bar meter (4), the piezometer (5), the earth pressure gauge (6) and the concrete strain gauge (7). The controller is used to adjust the working state or parameters of the static level (11), the laser displacement meter (2), the multi-point displacement meter (3), the steel bar meter (4), the piezometer (5), the earth pressure gauge (6), the concrete strain gauge (7) and the data acquisition module.

8. A tunnel monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The static level (11), laser displacement meter (2), multi-point displacement meter (3), steel bar meter (4), osmometer (5), earth pressure meter (6) and concrete strain meter (7) are all installed in multiple groups at equal intervals on the inner wall of the tunnel along the length direction of the tunnel, and the multi-point displacement meter (3), steel bar meter (4), osmometer (5) and earth pressure meter (6) are all capable of synchronously measuring the temperature value of the buried point.

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