Air-aspiration type precision seed-metering device and seeding machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the related technical field of seed sorting machines, and discloses an air suction type precision seed-metering device and a seeder, the seed-metering device is characterized in that a seed box shell is detachably connected with a cover plate, a roller is coaxial with the seed box shell, and a first driving structure is used for driving the roller to rotate; seed selection holes are formed in the roller, seed metering holes are formed in the seed box shell, the seed metering holes and the seed selection holes are correspondingly formed in the axial direction, an air suction opening is further formed in the seed box shell, the air suction opening and the seed metering holes are sequentially formed in the rotating direction of the roller, and the air suction opening is connected with a fan through a pipeline; the ejection mechanism is used for stretching out to eject the seeds from the seed selection holes to the seed metering holes when the seed selection holes rotate to correspond to the seed metering holes. According to the utility model, airflow of the fan is directly used for adsorbing seeds, so that the principle that a negative pressure space needs to be created to adsorb the seeds in the existing scheme is changed, the structural complexity and the mounting volume are reduced, the requirement on the assembly precision of the seed-metering device is reduced, the power of the required fan is reduced, and the noise generated when the fan works is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field related to seed selectors, and more specifically, relates to an air-suction type precision seed metering device and a seeder. Background Art

[0002] In the no-tillage, minimum tillage and conventional tillage sowing operations of large and medium-sized seed hill-drop crops such as corn, soybean, sorghum, and sugar beet, an air-suction type precision seed metering device is mostly used to screen suitable seeds from a seed box. The air-suction type seed metering device has strong adaptability to seeds, small damage, and high operation accuracy, and is widely used. A small-seed air-suction type seed metering device is disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent specification CN220044159U. Its seed metering disc is vertically installed on the bottom surface of the seed box, one side is in contact with the seeds in the seed chamber, and the other side is in contact with the airtight air-suction chamber. Small holes are opened on the seed metering disc as air flow channels to adsorb seeds during the sowing process. The air-suction chamber is connected to a fan. When the fan works, a vacuum degree is generated in the air-suction chamber, thus causing a pressure difference on both sides of the seed metering disc. Under the action of the pressure difference, the seeds are adsorbed around the seed-sucking holes. Due to the rotation of the seed metering disc, when the seed-sucking holes carry the seeds through the seed scraping device, the excess seeds are scraped off. When the seed metering disc rotates outside the air-suction chamber, due to the loss of the air-suction effect on the seeds, and then through another air-blowing chamber, under the action of the wind pressure and the self-weight of the seeds, they fall and enter the seed furrow through the seed delivery pipe. The seed metering disc continues to rotate, and the seed-sucking holes enter the air-suction chamber again, and seeds are adsorbed again under the action of the pressure difference, and the seed metering is continuously carried out in such a cycle. Most of the existing precision seeders on the market use the seed metering device based on this principle.

[0003] The existing air-suction type seed metering device needs to generate a vacuum degree in the air-suction chamber, that is, a vacuum chamber is required. Usually, it has a large volume, a large number of assembled parts, a complex structural design, and requires good airtightness to generate a vacuum degree in the air-suction chamber when the fan works to achieve relative vacuum. This poses high requirements on the precision of the parts of the seed metering device and the assembly precision, and it is not easy to repair after the equipment is damaged; secondly, this air-suction type seed metering device requires a negative pressure fan with strong wind power to create enough vacuum degree. During operation, as the power of the negative pressure fan increases, its noise volume increases significantly. The huge noise causes serious environmental pollution and affects the physical health of the operators of agricultural machinery. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the utility model provides an air-suction type precision seed metering device and a seeder, which are used to solve the problems that the existing air-suction type seed metering device needs to set a vacuum chamber, resulting in a large volume, a complex structure, high assembly precision requirements, as well as a large power requirement and high noise of the required negative pressure fan.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present utility model, a pneumatic precision seed metering device is provided, which includes a seed box housing, a cover plate, a drum, a first driving structure, an ejecting mechanism and a blower; the seed box housing has an open end and is detachably connected to the cover plate at the open end, the drum is coaxially arranged inside the seed box housing with the seed box housing, and the first driving structure is connected to the cover plate and used to drive the drum to rotate;

[0006] The drum is provided with seed selection holes, the seed box housing is provided with seed discharging holes, the seed discharging holes and the seed selection holes are arranged corresponding to each other in the axial direction of the drum, the seed box housing is further provided with a suction port, the suction port and the seed discharging holes are sequentially arranged on one side of the seed box housing along the rotation direction of the drum, and the suction port is located below the seed discharging holes. The suction port is connected to the blower through a pipeline, and the blower is used to form an adsorption force at the seed selection holes;

[0007] The ejecting mechanism is used to extend out when the seed selection holes rotate to correspond to the seed discharging holes to eject the seeds from the seed selection holes to the seed discharging holes.

[0008] According to the pneumatic precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, the ejecting mechanism includes a seed ejector and a second driving structure. The seed ejector is arranged inside the drum on one side close to the seed discharging holes and is rotatably connected to the cover plate. The second driving structure is used to drive the seed ejector to rotate. A top convex platform is arranged on the outer wall of the seed ejector, and the top convex platform and the seed selection holes are arranged corresponding to each other in the axial direction. The top convex platform is used to synchronously rotate to the seed selection holes to eject the seeds when the seed selection holes rotate to correspond to the seed discharging holes.

[0009] According to the pneumatic precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, the first driving structure includes a driving motor. The driving motor is fixed on the cover plate, and the output shaft of the driving motor is integrally rotationally connected to the drum;

[0010] The second driving structure includes an internal gear and an external gear. The internal gear is arranged in a circle along the inner wall of the drum, the external gear is integrally rotationally connected to the seed ejector, and the internal gear and the external gear are meshed and connected.

[0011] According to the pneumatic precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, it further includes a shielding member. The shielding member includes a baffle plate and a fixing plate arranged oppositely. The baffle plate and the fixing plate are connected through a connecting plate. The baffle plate is arranged below the inside of the drum and between the internal gear and the seed selection holes. The bottom edge of the baffle plate matches the shape of the inner wall of the drum and is used to separate the seeds below the inside of the drum from the internal gear. The baffle plate is fixed on the cover plate through the fixing plate.

[0012] According to the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, multiple circles of the seed selection holes are arranged along the axial direction of the drum, and any one circle of the seed selection holes includes a plurality of the seed selection holes arranged circumferentially; correspondingly, a plurality of the seed discharging holes are arranged along the axial direction, and the plurality of the seed discharging holes correspond to the multiple circles of the seed selection holes one by one in the axial direction; on the outer wall of the seed ejector, multiple circles of the ejecting bosses are arranged along the axial direction, and any one circle of the ejecting bosses includes a plurality of the ejecting bosses arranged circumferentially, and the multiple circles of the ejecting bosses correspond to the multiple circles of the seed selection holes one by one in the axial direction.

[0013] According to the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, it further includes a seed discharging pipe, the seed box shell is connected to the seed discharging pipe at the seed discharging holes, and the plurality of the seed discharging holes are respectively connected to a plurality of the seed discharging pipes one by one.

[0014] According to the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, the air suction port is arranged in a strip shape along the circumferential direction of the seed box shell, one end of the pipeline is connected to the air suction port through a first fan port sleeve, and the second end of the pipeline is connected to the fan through a second fan port sleeve;

[0015] And / or, a notch is provided on the cover plate, and the notch is used for adding seeds into the inside of the drum.

[0016] According to the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, it further includes a fan shell and a fan cover, the top of the fan shell has an opening and is detachably connected to the fan cover at the opening, and the fan is arranged inside the fan shell.

[0017] According to the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model, it further includes a mounting plate, the seed box shell is connected to the mounting plate through a shell support member, and rib plates are respectively connected between both sides of the shell support member and the mounting plate.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present utility model, a seeder is provided, which includes the air-suction type precision seed metering device described in any one of the above.

[0019] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art through the above technical solutions conceived by the present utility model, the air-suction type precision seed metering device and the seeder provided by the present utility model:

[0020] By changing the relative position relationship among the fan, the seed selection holes for adsorbing seeds, and the seed box shell, the air flow of the fan is directly used for adsorbing seeds, changing the principle of the existing solution that a negative pressure space needs to be created to adsorb seeds, reducing the structural complexity and the installation volume, and at the same time removing the high requirement for the airtightness of the overall mechanism in the existing solution, enabling the seed metering device to adsorb seeds under low airtightness conditions. The change in the structure reduces the assembly precision requirements of the seed metering device and reduces the required fan power, greatly reducing the noise during the operation of the fan. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air-suction type precision seed metering device provided by the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a driving schematic diagram of the seed ejector provided by the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is the first schematic diagram of the internal structure arrangement of the drum provided by the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure arrangement of the drum provided by the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding member provided by the present utility model;

[0026] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements or structures, where:

[0027] 1 - mounting plate; 2 - rib plate; 3 - housing support; 4 - shielding member; 41 - baffle; 42 - fixing plate; 43 - connecting plate; 5 - seed box housing; 51 - seed metering hole; 52 - air suction port; 6 - driving motor; 7 - drum; 71 - seed selection hole; 8 - external gear; 9 - seed ejector; 91 - ejecting boss; 10 - first air blower port sleeve; 11 - cover plate; 12 - first seed metering pipe; 13 - second seed metering pipe; 14 - pipeline; 15 - second air blower port sleeve; 16 - air blower cover; 17 - air blower housing; 18 - air blower; 19 - rotating shaft; 20 - internal gear. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Embodiment 1 of the present utility model provides an air-suction type precision seed metering device, which includes a seed box housing 5, a cover plate 11, a drum 7, a first driving structure, an ejecting mechanism and an air blower 18; the seed box housing 5 has an open end and is detachably connected to the cover plate 11 at the open end, the drum 7 is coaxially arranged inside the seed box housing 5 with the seed box housing 5, and the first driving structure is connected to the cover plate 11 and is used to drive the drum 7 to rotate;

[0030] The drum 7 is provided with seed selection holes 71, and the outer shell 5 of the seed box is provided with seed discharging holes 51. The seed discharging holes 51 and the seed selection holes 71 are arranged corresponding to each other in the axial direction of the drum 7. The outer shell 5 of the seed box is further provided with an air suction port 52. The air suction port 52 and the seed discharging holes 51 are sequentially arranged on one side of the outer shell 5 of the seed box along the rotation direction of the drum 7, and the air suction port 52 is located below the seed discharging holes 51. The air suction port 52 is connected to the fan 18 through a pipeline 14, and the fan 18 is used to form an adsorption force at the seed selection holes 71;

[0031] The ejecting mechanism is used to extend out when the seed selection holes 71 rotate to correspond to the seed discharging holes 51, and eject the seeds from the seed selection holes 71 to the seed discharging holes 51.

[0032] In this embodiment, the outer shell 5 of the seed box is a hollow columnar structure with at least one end being an open end; the cover plate 11 can be detachably connected to the open end of the outer shell 5 of the seed box by means of bolts or threads. The drum 7 is a cylindrical structure with one end being an open end and the other end having a bottom surface, and is coaxially arranged with the outer shell 5 of the seed box and is located inside the outer shell 5 of the seed box. The bottom surface of the drum 7 is arranged opposite to the cover plate 11, so that a seed accommodating space is formed inside the drum 7. The first driving structure can be fixed on the cover plate 11 and is used to drive the drum 7 to rotate.

[0033] During use, the first driving structure drives the drum 7 to rotate. When the seeds are in the drum 7, some seeds will be embedded in the seed selection holes 71 in the drum 7. These seeds will rise along the barrel wall as the drum 7 rotates. The fan 18 located on one side of the outer shell 5 of the seed box provides an adsorption force for the seeds embedded in the seed selection holes 71 in the drum 7 to prevent them from falling, while the seeds that do not fully fit the seed selection holes 71 will fall under the action of gravity. In this way, it can be ensured that one seed corresponds to one seed selection hole 71. The seeds adsorbed in the seed selection holes 71 continue to rotate and rise with the drum 7 and will move to the seed discharging holes 51. At this time, the ejecting mechanism is synchronously moved to the seed selection holes 71 corresponding to the positions of the seed discharging holes 51, and the seeds are ejected from the seed selection holes 71 to the seed discharging holes 51 by pushing the seeds, so as to be discharged through the seed discharging holes 51, realizing the screening and discharging of the seeds.

[0034] In this embodiment, since the gap between the drum 7 and the outer shell 5 of the seed box is small, the adsorption force formed by the fan 18 sucking air at the air suction port 52 can directly act on the seeds inside the drum 7 through the seed selection holes 71, so as to adsorb the seeds in the seed selection holes 71. Compared with the prior art where it is necessary to form a negative pressure cavity by the fan 18 and use the negative pressure cavity to adsorb the seeds, the power requirement for the fan 18 in this embodiment is greatly reduced, and the airtightness requirement for the overall installation of the structure is also greatly reduced; the structure of this embodiment is also more compact and small, with a simple structure and a small occupied volume.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the drum 7 rotates, the same seed selection hole 71 first passes through the air suction port 52 from the bottom of the drum 7, and the seeds are fixed in the seed selection hole 71 by wind force. Then, since the seed discharging hole 51 and the air suction port 52 are arranged on one side and are relatively close to each other, the adsorbed seeds will quickly move to the corresponding position of the seed discharging hole 51. To ensure smooth seed discharging, a top ejection mechanism is provided at this time to apply a thrust to the seeds, so as to eject the seeds and discharge them from the seed discharging hole 51. The positions of the air suction port 52 and the seed discharging hole 51 are arranged to reduce the travel of the seeds adsorbed and fixed in the seed selection hole 71, thereby further reducing the requirement for the suction force of the fan and greatly reducing the fan power.

[0036] Furthermore, there should be a gap between the drum 7 and the outer shell 5 of the seed box to facilitate the rotation of the drum 7 and provide an adsorption space. This gap can be smaller than the particle size of the target seeds; the target seeds are the seeds that need to be discharged from the seed discharging hole 51.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the top ejection mechanism includes a seed ejector 9 and a second driving structure. The seed ejector 9 is arranged inside the drum 7 on the side close to the seed discharging hole 51 and is rotatably connected to the cover plate 11. The second driving structure is used to drive the seed ejector 9 to rotate. A top ejection boss 91 is provided on the outer wall of the seed ejector 9. The top ejection boss 91 is arranged axially corresponding to the seed selection hole 71. The top ejection boss 91 is used to rotate to the position of the seed selection hole 71 synchronously when the seed selection hole 71 rotates to correspond to the seed discharging hole 51 to eject the seeds.

[0038] In this embodiment, the seed ejector 9 is a columnar structure, rotatably connected to the cover plate 11 around its own axis, and the axis of the seed ejector 9 is arranged parallel to the axis of the drum 7. The seed ejector 9 is arranged close to the seed discharging hole 51, and the top ejection boss 91 protrudes from the outer surface of the seed ejector 9. As shown in the orientation of Figure 1 , when the seeds move to the right side of the drum 7 corresponding to the seed discharging hole 51 along with the seed selection hole 71, the top ejection boss 91 on the seed ejector 9 just rotates to the position of the seed discharging hole 51 synchronously, and the seeds will be ejected into the seed discharging hole 51 by the boss on the seed ejector 9, and then discharged to complete the seed selection process. If the seeds are too large, they cannot be ejected from the seed selection hole 71 after contacting the top ejection boss 91 on the seed ejector 9, and will bounce back again under the thrust of the top ejection boss 91 and fall back into the seed pile at the bottom of the drum 7.

[0039] Specifically, the first driving structure includes a driving motor 6, which is fixed to the cover plate 11. The output shaft of the driving motor 6 is integrally and rotationally connected to the drum 7. The driving motor 6 can be a stepper motor for providing rotational motion. A hollow connecting shaft can be fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom plate of the drum 7. The driving motor 6 can be fixed on the cover plate 11, and the output shaft of the driving motor 6 passes through the cover plate 11 and is integrally and rotationally connected to the hollow connecting shaft of the drum 7, for example, through a key structure to achieve the integral rotational connection, so as to drive the drum 7 to rotate by the driving motor 6.

[0040] The second driving structure includes an internal gear 20 and an external gear 8. The internal gear 20 is arranged in a circle along the inner wall of the drum 7. The external gear 8 is integrally and rotationally connected to the seed ejector 9. The internal gear 20 and the external gear 8 are meshed and connected. The external gear 8 meshes with the internal gear 20 of the drum 7, and the two rotate tangentially, so that the rotation of the drum 7 can drive the seed ejector 9 to rotate synchronously, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , in some specific embodiments, the seed ejector 9 and the external gear 8 can be rotatably connected to the cover plate 11 through a rotating shaft 19. For example, one end of the rotating shaft can be rotatably connected to the cover plate 11 through a bearing, etc. The seed ejector 9 and the external gear 8 can be integrally and rotationally connected to the rotating shaft 19 through a key structure, etc., so that the internal gear 20 drives the external gear 8 to rotate, and the external gear 8 can drive the rotating shaft 19 and the seed ejector 9 to rotate integrally.

[0042] In other specific embodiments, the seed ejector 9 and the external gear 8 can be rotatably connected to the cover plate 11 through a fixed shaft. For example, one end of the fixed shaft can be fixedly connected to the cover plate 11. The seed ejector 9 and the external gear 8 can be rotatably connected to the fixed shaft through a bearing, etc. The external gear 8 and the seed ejector 9 can be fixedly connected through bonding, bolt connection, etc., so that the internal gear 20 drives the external gear 8 to rotate, and the external gear 8 can drive the seed ejector 9 to rotate integrally. The other end of the fixed shaft can also be connected to the hollow connecting shaft on the bottom plate of the drum 7 through a bearing, etc. for better fixation. The specific setting structure of the seed ejector 9 and the external gear 8 is not limited, and can be flexibly set according to the actual situation for the purpose of achieving integral rotational connection.

[0043] Further, one end of the ejection boss 91 away from the surface of the seed ejector 9 can be set as a rounded corner, which is beneficial to reducing friction when ejecting seeds and avoiding jamming to ensure the smooth ejection of seeds. The size of the seed selection hole 71 in the circumferential direction can be larger than that in the axial direction. For example, it is set as a long strip hole, a waist-shaped hole or an elliptical hole in the circumferential direction, which is beneficial to the ejection boss 91 smoothly ejecting the seeds out of the seed selection hole 71 during the rotation of the drum 7 and the seed ejector 9.

[0044] Further, referenceFigure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the air-suction precision seed metering device further includes a shielding member 4. The shielding member 4 includes a baffle 41 and a fixing plate 42 which are oppositely arranged. The baffle 41 and the fixing plate 42 are connected by a connecting plate 43. The baffle 41 is arranged below the inside of the drum 7 and located between the internal gear 20 and the seed selection holes 71. The bottom edge of the baffle 41 matches the shape of the inner wall of the drum 7 and is used to separate the seeds below the inside of the drum 7 from the internal gear 20. The baffle 41 is fixed to the cover plate 11 through the fixing plate 42.

[0045] The bottom edge of the baffle 41 can be arc-shaped, and the arc matches the arc of the inner wall of the drum 7. By setting the shielding member 4, the internal gear 20 and the seed selection holes 71 on the inner wall of the drum 7 can be separated by the baffle 41. When the seeds are located at the corresponding positions of the seed selection holes 71, the seeds can be separated from the internal gear 20, avoiding the interference of the seeds moving to the internal gear 20 on the rotation of the internal gear 20. To facilitate the fixing of the baffle 41, the connecting plate 43 and the fixing plate 42 are provided, and the shielding member 4 can be fixed by connecting the fixing plate 42 with the cover plate 11. The connecting plate 43 can be arranged on the side of the baffle 41 away from the seed discharging holes 51. For example, referring to Figure 4 , when the seed discharging holes 51 are arranged on the right side, the connecting plate 43 can be arranged on the left side of the baffle 41. At this time, the drum 7 rotates counterclockwise, so that the connecting plate 43 will not affect the seed selection. The connecting plate 43 can also be arranged at the middle part of the baffle 41 to avoid affecting the seed selection.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , multiple circles of the seed selection holes 71 are arranged along the axial direction of the drum 7. Any one circle of the seed selection holes 71 includes a plurality of the seed selection holes 71 arranged circumferentially; correspondingly, a plurality of the seed discharging holes 51 are arranged along the axial direction, and the plurality of the seed discharging holes 51 correspond to the multiple circles of the seed selection holes 71 one by one in the axial direction; a plurality of circles of the ejecting bosses 91 are arranged along the axial direction on the outer wall of the seed ejector 9. Any one circle of the ejecting bosses 91 includes a plurality of the ejecting bosses 91 arranged circumferentially, and the multiple circles of the ejecting bosses 91 correspond to the multiple circles of the seed selection holes 71 one by one in the axial direction.

[0047] The number of circles of the seed selection holes 71 is the same as the number of the seed discharging holes 51. For example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , two circles of the seed selection holes 71 can be set. At this time, two seed discharging holes 51 are set, and the two seed discharging holes 51 correspond to the two circles of the seed selection holes 71 one by one in the axial direction; correspondingly, two circles of the ejecting bosses 91 are set, and the two circles of the ejecting bosses 91 correspond to the two circles of the seed selection holes 71 one by one in the axial direction, so that two seeds can be discharged from the seed discharging holes 51 at the same time, which is beneficial to improving the seed metering efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 , the air-suction precision seeder further includes a seed discharging pipe. The outer shell 5 of the seed box is connected to the seed discharging pipe at the seed discharging holes 51, and a plurality of the seed discharging holes 51 are respectively connected to a plurality of the seed discharging pipes. The arrangement of the seed discharging pipes can guide the discharged seeds to move, and can guide the discharged seeds to the required positions.

[0049] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , an air-suction seeder for screening seeds in this embodiment includes an outer shell 5 of a seed box. A transparent cover plate 11 is fixedly connected to the front of the outer shell 5 of the seed box. A stepping motor is fixedly connected to the center of the cover plate 11. The stepping motor is fixedly connected to a roller 7. Small holes, namely seed selection holes 71, are evenly distributed on the wall surface of the roller 7 as air flow channels and adsorb seeds during the sowing process. The roller 7 is coaxial with the outer shell inside the outer shell 5 of the seed box. The cover plate 11 is fixedly connected to a shielding member 4. The cover plate 11 is rotatably connected to a seed ejector 9 through a rotating shaft. The seed ejector 9 is integrally and rotatably connected to an external gear 8. The external gear 8 meshes with an internal gear 20 inside the roller 7. Through the rotation of the external gear 8 and the internal gear 20 of the roller 7, the seed ejector 9 periodically pushes seeds of appropriate size into the seed discharging pipe.

[0050] Furthermore, the rotation speed ratio of the seed ejector 9 and the roller 7 can be determined according to the tooth number ratio of the external gear 8 and the internal gear 20; for example, the rotation speeds of the seed ejector 9 and the roller 7 can be set to be the same. Furthermore, through the setting of the number of seed selection holes 71 in any one circle and the number of ejecting bosses 91 in any one circle, it can be realized that the ejecting bosses 91 and the seed selection holes 71 can synchronously rotate to the seed discharging holes 51, so as to smoothly realize that the ejecting bosses 91 eject the seeds in the seed selection holes 71 and discharge them from the seed discharging holes 51. That is, through the setting of the rotation speeds of the seed ejector 9 and the roller 7, as well as the setting of the distance between two adjacent ejecting bosses 91 in the circumferential direction and the distance between two adjacent seed selection holes 71 in the circumferential direction, the time required for the seed ejector 9 to rotate a length equal to the distance between two adjacent ejecting bosses 91 in the circumferential direction is the same as the time required for the roller 7 to rotate a length equal to the distance between two adjacent seed selection holes 71 in the circumferential direction. Thus, when the ejecting bosses 91 and the seed selection holes 71 are both located at the seed discharging holes 51 at the initial moment, as the rotation progresses, both the ejecting bosses 91 and the seed selection holes 71 can synchronously rotate to the seed discharging holes 51, so as to smoothly carry out seed discharging. The distance between two adjacent ejecting bosses 91 in the circumferential direction is the arc length between two adjacent ejecting bosses 91.

[0051] Further, the seed metering holes 51 can be arranged at the position on the seed box housing 5 closest to the seed ejector 9; at the position closest to the seed ejector 9, the distance between the ejecting boss 91 and the seed metering holes 51 is also the smallest. Arranging the seed metering holes 51 here is conducive to the ejecting boss 91 squeezing the seeds at this position to eject the seeds out of the seed selection holes 71. When the ejecting boss 91 and the seed selection holes 71 rotate to the position of the seed metering holes 51 at the same time, the length of the ejecting boss 91 can be set to be in contact with the inner surface of the drum 7 or inserted into a part of the seed selection holes 71. The specific length of the ejecting boss 91 is aimed at being able to smoothly eject the seeds and not affecting the rotation, and is not specifically limited.

[0052] In other embodiments, the ejecting structure can also be set to other structures. For example, it can be set to a telescopic structure such as a cylinder, which can be fixed on the cover plate 11, and the telescopic direction is towards the seed metering holes 51. When the seed selection holes 71 rotate to the position of the seed metering holes 51, the telescopic structure extends to push the seeds from the seed selection holes 71 to the seed metering holes 51 for discharging. It can be controlled to retract immediately after the telescopic structure extends. For example, the extension time is set to 1 s, etc., so as not to affect the continuous rotation of the drum 7 and enable the seed selection to continue. The specific setting of the ejecting mechanism can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and the specific structure is not limited, aiming to smoothly eject the seeds from the seed selection holes 71.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The air suction port 52 is arranged in a long strip shape along the circumferential direction of the seed box housing 5. One end of the pipeline 14 is connected to the air suction port 52 through the first fan port sleeve 10, and the second end of the pipeline 14 is connected to the fan 18 through the second fan port sleeve 15; arranging the air suction port 52 in a long strip shape enables the seeds to be directly adsorbed and fixed in the seed selection holes 71 by wind power over a relatively long distance during the rotation of the drum 7, which is beneficial to reducing the power requirement for the fan 18. The first fan port sleeve 10 can be connected to the air suction port 52 by bonding or other means. The second fan port sleeve 15 can also be connected to the connection port of the fan 18 by bonding or other means.

[0054] Further, a notch is provided on the cover plate 11, and the notch is used to add seeds into the drum 7. For example, reference Figure 1 , a notch can be provided at the upper part of the cover plate 11 to facilitate adding seeds into the drum 7.

[0055] Further, a filter screen can be arranged at the air suction port 52 to prevent seeds from being adsorbed into the fan pipeline 14. The adsorption force of the fan 18 can also be controlled so that the seeds can be fixed in the seed selection holes 71 under the action of the adsorption force and will not be sucked out, and the ejection of the seeds is realized through the ejection mechanism.

[0056] Further, reference Figure 1, the air-suction type precision seed metering device further includes a blower housing 17 and a blower cover 16. The top of the blower housing 17 has an opening and is detachably connected to the blower cover 16 at the opening, and the blower 18 is arranged inside the blower housing 17.

[0057] In this embodiment, the seed box housing 5 is fixedly connected to the first blower port sleeve 10. The first blower port sleeve 10 is fixedly connected to the blower hose, i.e., the pipeline 14. The blower hose is fixedly connected to the second blower port sleeve 15. The second blower port sleeve 15 is fixedly connected to the blower 18. The blower 18 is arranged in the blower housing 17. The blower cover 16 is fixedly connected above the blower housing 17. The blower housing 17 and the blower cover 16 cooperate to fix the blower. Through the pipeline formed by the first blower port sleeve 10, the blower hose, the second blower port sleeve 15 and the blower 18, the blower creates a suction force at the air suction port 52 of the seed box housing 5 to adsorb the seeds on the seed selection holes 71 of the drum 7.

[0058] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the air-suction type precision seed metering device further includes a mounting plate 1. The seed box housing 5 is connected to the mounting plate 1 through a housing support member 3, and rib plates 2 are respectively connected between both sides of the housing support member 3 and the mounting plate 1.

[0059] Specifically, the lower part of the seed box housing 5 is fixedly connected to the housing support member 3. Each side of the housing support member 3 is fixedly connected to a rib plate 2. The bottom of the housing support member 3 and the rib plate 2 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1, thereby ensuring that the entire seed metering device is stably mounted on the mounting plate 1. The housing is fixedly connected to two seed discharging pipes, i.e., the first seed discharging pipe 12 and the second seed discharging pipe 13. The other ends of the first seed discharging pipe 12 and the second seed discharging pipe 13 are fixedly connected to the holes on the mounting plate 1, so that seeds of appropriate size can be smoothly sorted out and enter the next mechanism of the seeder.

[0060] The second embodiment of the present invention provides a seeder, which includes the air-suction type precision seed metering device described in any one of the above. The seeder further includes a traveling mechanism and a guiding mechanism for controlling the movement of seeds to smoothly move the seeds to the ground for sowing, etc., which are not specifically limited.

[0061] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air suction precision seed metering device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a seed box shell (5), a cover plate (11), a roller (7), a first driving structure, an ejection mechanism and a fan; the seed box shell (5) has an open end and is detachably connected to the cover plate (11) at the open end; the roller (7) and the seed box shell (5) are coaxially arranged inside the seed box shell (5); the first driving structure is connected to the cover plate (11) and is used to drive the roller (7) to rotate; The roller (7) is provided with a seed selection hole (71), and the seed box shell (5) is provided with a seed discharge hole (51). The seed discharge hole (51) and the seed selection hole (71) are arranged correspondingly in the axial direction of the roller (7). The seed box shell (5) is also provided with an air suction port (52). The air suction port (52) and the seed discharge hole (51) are arranged in sequence on one side of the seed box shell (5) along the rotation direction of the roller (7), and the air suction port (52) is located below the seed discharge hole (51). The air suction port (52) is connected to the fan (18) through a pipeline (14), and the fan (18) is used to form an adsorption force at the seed selection hole (71); The ejection mechanism is used to extend and eject seeds from the seed selection hole (71) to the seed discharge hole (51) when the seed selection hole (71) rotates to correspond to the seed discharge hole (51).

2. The air suction precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism comprises a seed ejector (9) and a second driving structure. The seed ejector (9) is arranged on a side of the drum (7) close to the seed discharging hole (51) and is rotatably connected to the cover plate (11). The second driving structure is used to drive the seed ejector (9) to rotate. An ejection boss (91) is provided on the outer wall of the seed ejector (9). The ejection boss (91) is axially corresponding to the seed selection hole (71). The ejection boss (91) is used to synchronously rotate to the seed selection hole (71) to eject the seeds when the seed selection hole (71) rotates to correspond to the seed discharging hole (51).

3. The air suction precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving structure comprises a driving motor (6), the driving motor (6) is fixed to the cover plate (11), and the output shaft of the driving motor (6) is integrally rotatably connected to the roller (7); The second driving structure comprises an internal gear (20) and an external gear (8), wherein the internal gear (20) is arranged in a circle along the inner wall of the drum (7), the external gear (8) is integrally rotatably connected with the seed ejector (9), and the internal gear (20) and the external gear (8) are meshingly connected.

4. The air suction precision seed metering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a shielding member (4), wherein the shielding member (4) comprises a baffle (41) and a fixing plate (42) which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the baffle (41) and the fixing plate (42) are connected via a connecting plate (43), wherein the baffle (41) is arranged at the lower part of the interior of the drum (7) and is located between the internal gear (20) and the seed selection hole (71), wherein the bottom edge of the baffle (41) matches the shape of the inner wall of the drum (7) and is used to separate the seeds at the lower part of the interior of the drum (7) from the internal gear (20), and wherein the baffle (41) is fixed to the cover plate (11) via the fixing plate (42).

5. The air suction type precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of circles of seed selection holes (71) are provided along the axial direction of the roller (7), and any circle of the seed selection holes (71) includes a plurality of the seed selection holes (71) arranged along the circumferential direction; correspondingly, a plurality of seed discharge holes (51) are provided along the axial direction, and the plurality of seed discharge holes (51) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of circles of seed selection holes (71) in the axial direction; a plurality of circles of ejection bosses (91) are provided along the axial direction on the outer wall of the seed ejector (9), and any circle of the ejection bosses (91) includes a plurality of the ejection bosses (91) arranged along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of circles of the ejection bosses (91) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of circles of the seed selection holes (71) in the axial direction.

6. The air suction precision seed metering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a seeding tube, wherein the seed box shell (5) is connected to the seeding tube at the seeding hole (51), and a plurality of the seeding holes (51) are connected to a plurality of the seeding tubes in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The air suction precision seed metering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The air suction port (52) is arranged in a long strip shape along the circumference of the seed box housing (5); one end of the duct (14) is connected to the air suction port (52) via a first fan port sleeve (10); and a second end of the duct (14) is connected to the fan (18) via a second fan port sleeve (15); And / or, the cover plate (11) is provided with a notch, and the notch is used to add seeds into the drum (7).

8. The air suction precision seed metering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a fan casing (17) and a fan cover (16); the top of the fan casing (17) has an opening and is detachably connected to the fan cover (16) at the opening; and the fan (18) is arranged inside the fan casing (17).

9. The air suction precision seed metering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a mounting plate (1), the seed box shell (5) is connected to the mounting plate (1) via a shell support (3), and ribs (2) are respectively connected between the two sides of the shell support (3) and the mounting plate (1).

10. A seed drill, characterized in that: A pneumatic precision seed metering device comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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