Single-opening potato seed bowl type uniform seeding unit of potato seeder

Abstract

The utility model provides a single-opening potato seed bowl type uniform seeding unit of a potato seeder, which is characterized in that a mounting frame is mounted on a rack of the potato seeder, a potato seed hopper is mounted on a rear plate surface of a mounting plate of the mounting frame, a shield is mounted on a front plate surface of the mounting plate, and a potato guide cylinder is arranged in the shield; guide plates are arranged at the bottom end of the potato guide cylinder, and the two guide plates are respectively arranged at the joints of the linear sections on the two sides and the arc-shaped section at the bottom of the potato guide cylinder; a mounting seat is arranged on one side of the single-opening potato seed bowl of the conveying device, and a groove is formed in the outer edge, far away from the mounting seat, of the convex surface; a conveying belt is hung on a driving roller and a driven roller which are supported on the mounting frame, two rows of convex blocks are arranged on the annular inner surface of the conveying belt, and two rows of single-opening potato seed bowls are arranged on the annular outer surface of the conveying belt; the shaking device is installed on the installation frame and located below a driving roller of the conveying device and in a ring of the conveying belt. The seeder is high in seeding precision and good in row spacing uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model provides a single-mouth potato seed bowl-type uniform sowing unit for a potato planter, belonging to the field of mechanized equipment for the entire potato planting process. It is mainly used to uniformly sow potato seeds at the bottom of the furrow opened by the furrow opener in the soil. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, traditional potato planters generally use a seed bowl structure, where the seed bowl is installed on an up-and-down conveyor belt and equipped with a shaking device. Potato planters suitable for field operations generally adopt a 4-row operation mode, with each row being a planting unit. Each planting unit typically has two rows of staggered seed bowls arranged along the width of the conveyor belt. During the planting process, after the seed tubers are scooped from the seed hopper, a shaking device located within the ring of the conveyor belt shakes off excess seed tubers from the seed tuber bowl as the conveyor belt moves upward, leaving only one seed tuber. When the seed tuber bowl moves downward after passing the highest point, the remaining seed tuber is thrown onto the back of the seed tuber bowl located in front of and below the direction of travel. Since there are guide tubes arranged vertically around the seed tuber bowl and parallel to the loose section of the ring conveyor belt in the length direction, and the guide tubes of the same planting unit are in an m-shape, the seed tubers supported on the back of the seed tuber bowl move downward with the conveyor belt under the guidance of the guide tubes. When it is close to the ground, the seed tubers supported on the back of the seed tuber bowl on the same conveyor belt are alternately planted in the center of the bottom of the furrow opened by the furrow opener under the guidance of the guide plate.

[0003] However, in traditional potato planters, the seed bowl with a central opening at the bottom, excluding the mounting base, typically has an outer edge composed of three arc segments: two arc segments with tangents perpendicular to the mounting plane of the mounting base, and one arc segment further away from the mounting base with tangents parallel to the mounting plane. These three arc segments are all relatively low relative to the center of the bowl's bottom, especially at the junction of the two arc segments perpendicular to the mounting plane and the one parallel to the mounting plane. Therefore, the seed potatoes supported on the back of the seed bowl are particularly prone to getting stuck at these two junctions during their descent. On the other hand, the two conveyor belts of the same planting unit are symmetrically set on both sides of the furrow opener. In order to accurately guide the potato seed supported on the back of the potato seed bowls on both sides to the center of the furrow bottom, the guide plate at the bottom of the M-shaped guide tube is generally set at the junction of the straight section and the bottom arc section on both sides of the M-shape, and is arranged in an inclined state of "higher on the side away from the center of the furrow bottom and lower on the side closer to the center of the furrow bottom" and "higher on the side closer to the bottom arc section of the M-shape and lower on the side away from the bottom arc section".

[0004] Therefore, potato seeds that land at the junction of the guide plate and the tuber at the bottom of the tuber will be planted directly into the furrow opened by the furrow opener without being guided by the guide plate. Potato seeds that land at the junction of the guide plate and the tuber will be guided by the guide plate and then planted into the furrow opened by the furrow opener. Because the guide plate is arranged in an inclined state with the side closer to the bottom arc segment of the M-shape higher and the side farther from the bottom arc segment lower, the potato seeds guided by the guide plate will be pushed backward a certain distance. Since the location of the potato seeds at a particular junction is random, the distance between a potato seed planted with the guide plate and the previous potato seed planted without the guide plate will be greater than the set distance, and the distance between a potato seed planted with the guide plate and the next potato seed planted without the guide plate will be less than the set distance, resulting in inconsistent plant spacing after planting.

[0005] Because the inner surface of the tuber is composed of two U-shapes formed by two straight lines and an inner semicircle, while the outer edge of the seed bowl is not composed of two straight lines and an outer semicircle, the outer edge of the seed bowl and the inner surface of the tuber do not completely match. Therefore, some smaller seed tubers, supported on the back of the seed bowl, will fall from the gap between the seed bowl and the tuber to the back of the seed bowl below as the tuber moves downward, resulting in double planting and missed planting.

[0006] Looking at the current state of the potato planting mechanization equipment industry, there is an urgent need for a potato planter with high planting precision and good plant spacing uniformity to meet the planting accuracy requirements of potato growers. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-pot potato seed bowl-type uniform sowing unit for a potato planter that can overcome the problems existing in current potato planting machinery, has high sowing accuracy, good plant spacing uniformity, and reliable operation.

[0008] The technical solution includes: a mounting frame, a seed hopper, a protective cover, a guide tube, a flow deflector, a conveying device, and a shaking device. The mounting frame is installed in the middle of the potato planter frame, with the mounting plate of the frame in a vertical position. The seed hopper is mounted on the rear side of the mounting plate facing the direction of travel of the potato planter. A U-shaped protective cover is mounted on the front side of the mounting plate facing the direction of travel of the potato planter. Inside the protective cover is an M-shaped guide tube, with the M-shaped opening facing the mounting plate of the mounting frame. The two M-shaped segments of the guide tube are symmetrically arranged relative to the furrow opener of the potato planter. The concave surface of the flow deflector is arc-shaped. Two guide plates are installed at the bottom of the M-shaped potato guide tube, respectively, at the intersection of the straight sections and the bottom arc sections on both sides of the M-shape. The guide plates are arranged in an inclined manner, with the side away from the potato planter furrow opener being higher and the side closer to the potato planter being lower, and the side closer to the bottom arc section of the M-shape being higher and the side away from the bottom arc section being lower. The conveying device includes a drive roller, a driven roller, a conveyor belt, and a single-mouth seed bowl. The drive roller and the driven roller are both supported on the mounting frame, with the drive roller located above the driven roller. The same ring-shaped conveyor belt is hung on the drive roller and the driven roller, with the loose section of the conveyor belt relative to the tight section. Located in front of the potato planter's forward direction, with the loose section of the conveyor belt parallel to the tangential plane made by the two arc-shaped tops of the guide tube passing through the M-shape; two rows of protrusions are provided along the width direction of the conveyor belt on the annular inner surface of the conveyor belt, with multiple protrusions in each row evenly arranged along the length direction of the conveyor belt, and the two rows of protrusions are staggered; the single-mouth seed bowl with a central opening at the bottom is bowl-shaped, and the outer circle of the bowl has triangular teeth, with a mounting base on one side of the outer edge of the single-mouth seed bowl, and the mounting plane of the mounting base is parallel to the bowl-shaped axis of the single-mouth seed bowl; the convex surface of the single-mouth seed bowl has a groove on the outer edge away from the mounting base, and the symmetrical plane of the groove of the single-mouth seed bowl is parallel to the axis of the single-mouth seed bowl passing through the center. The center of the mounting base coincides with the symmetrical plane perpendicular to the mounting plane of the mounting base; two rows of single-mouth potato seed bowls are installed on the annular outer surface of the conveyor belt along the width direction of the conveyor belt, and multiple single-mouth potato seed bowls in each row are evenly arranged along the length direction of the conveyor belt. When the two rows of single-mouth potato seed bowls are staggered and run to the loose section, they are respectively located in the two arcs of the m-shape of the potato guide tube, and when each single-mouth potato seed bowl is in the tight section of the conveyor belt, the concave surface is facing upward; the shaking device is installed on the mounting frame, and the shaking device is located below the drive roller of the conveyor device, inside the ring of the conveyor belt, and the two shaking wheels of the shaking device are respectively in contact with the two rows of protrusions on the annular inner surface of the conveyor belt when it runs to the tight section.

[0009] Compared with the existing technology, this invention features a groove on the back of the single-mouth seed bowl. The seed potatoes remain within this groove during their descent, ensuring accurate positioning of each seed potato relative to the guide tube (the planting unit of the potato planter). The guide plate's movement of each seed potato is uniform when it reaches the bottom of the guide tube, guaranteeing precise planting at the bottom of the furrow. This significantly improves the uniformity of planting spacing, laying a solid foundation for increased potato yield. Furthermore, the triangular teeth on the outer circumference of the seed bowl reduce the contact area between the seed bowl and guide tube during planting, minimizing frictional resistance. Additionally, talcum powder and dust falling from the seed potatoes, as well as dust raised by the potato planter, can pass through the tiny gaps between the triangular teeth of the seed bowl and the guide tube, ensuring the normal operation of the seed bowl. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a utility model Figure 1 Axonometric view of the embodiment shown in another direction;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a utility model Figure 1 Axonometric view of the mounting bracket in the illustrated embodiment;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a utility model Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows an isometric view of the potato guide tube;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 1 Axonometric view of the guide vane in the embodiment shown;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a utility model Figure 1 Axonometric view of the conveying device in the embodiment shown;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a utility model Figure 6 The embodiment shown is an axonometric view of the concave surface of a single-mouthed potato seed bowl.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a utility model Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment shows an axonometric view of the convex surface of a single-mouthed potato seed bowl. Detailed Implementation

[0018] 1. Mounting frame; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Seed hopper; 4. Protective cover; 5. Guide tube; 6. Flow guide plate; 7. Conveying device; 8. Driven roller; 9. Driven roller; 10. Conveyor belt; 11. Single-mouth seed bowl; 12. Mounting base; 13. Groove; 14. Shaking device.

[0019] exist Figures 1-8In the illustrated embodiment: the mounting frame 1 is mounted on the frame of the potato planter in the middle, and the mounting plate 11 of the mounting frame 1 is in a vertical state. The seed hopper 2 is mounted on the rear plate of the mounting plate 11 facing the forward direction of the potato planter, and a U-shaped protective cover 3 is mounted on the front plate of the mounting plate 11 facing the forward direction of the potato planter. The protective cover 3 is provided with an m-shaped potato guide tube 4. The m-shaped opening of the potato guide tube 4 faces the mounting plate 11 of the mounting frame 1, and the two m-shaped segments of the potato guide tube 4 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the furrow opener of the potato planter. The concave surface of the guide plate 5 is arc-shaped. Two guide plates 5 are respectively installed at the bottom of the m-shaped potato guide tube 4 and are located at the intersection of the straight section and the bottom arc section on both sides of the m-shape of the potato guide tube 4. The guide plates 5 are arranged in an inclined state with "the side away from the potato planter is high and the side closer to the potato planter is low" and "the side closer to the bottom arc section of the m-shape of the potato guide tube 4 is high and the side away from the bottom arc section is low", so as to accurately guide the potato seed supported on the back of the seed bowls on both sides to the center of the bottom of the furrow opened by the furrow opener. The driving roller 61 and driven roller 62 of the conveying device 6 are both supported on the mounting frame 1, with the driving roller 61 located above the driven roller 62. The same annular conveyor belt 63 is hung on the driving roller 61 and driven roller 62. The loose section of the conveyor belt 63 is located in front of the potato planter in the forward direction relative to the tight section, and the loose section of the conveyor belt 63 is parallel to the tangent plane made by the two arc-shaped tops of the potato guide tube 4 through the m-shape, so as to ensure that the relative position between the single-mouth potato seed bowl 64 and the potato guide tube 4 remains unchanged when running on the loose section of the conveyor belt 63. Two rows of protrusions are provided on the annular inner surface of the conveyor belt 63 along the width direction of the conveyor belt 63. Multiple protrusions in each row are evenly arranged along the length direction of the conveyor belt 63, and the two rows of protrusions are staggered. When the single-mouth potato seed bowl 64 runs upward with the tight section of the conveyor belt 63, the shaking device located in the annular shape of the conveyor belt 63 can shake off the excess potato seed in the single-mouth potato seed bowl 64. The single-mouth seed bowl 64, with a central opening at the bottom, is bowl-shaped and has triangular teeth on its outer circumference to reduce frictional resistance with the guide tube 4 and facilitate the passage of dust and other contaminants, ensuring the normal operation of the single-mouth seed bowl. A mounting base 641 is located on one side of the outer edge of the bowl-shaped single-mouth seed bowl 64, and the mounting plane of the mounting base 641 is parallel to the bowl-shaped axis of the single-mouth seed bowl 64. A groove 642 is located on the outer edge of the convex surface of the single-mouth seed bowl 64 away from the mounting base 641. The symmetrical plane of the groove 642 of the single-mouth seed bowl 64 coincides with the symmetrical plane passing through the center of the mounting base 641 and perpendicular to the mounting plane of the mounting base 641. This allows the seed potatoes supported on the back of the single-mouth seed bowl 64 to remain within the groove 642 of the single-mouth seed bowl 64 as they descend under the protection of the m-shaped inner arc surface of the guide tube 4.Two rows of single-mouth seed bowls 64 are mounted on the annular outer surface of the conveyor belt 63 along the width direction of the conveyor belt 63, and the multiple single-mouth seed bowls 64 in each row are evenly arranged along the length direction of the conveyor belt 63. When the two rows of single-mouth seed bowls 64 are in the loose section, they are respectively located within the two arcs of the m-shape of the potato guide tube 4, and when each single-mouth seed bowl 64 is in the tight section of the conveyor belt 63, the concave surface is facing upward, so as to facilitate the scooping of potato seeds from the seed hopper 2. The shaking device 7 is mounted on the mounting frame 1. The shaking device 7 is located below the drive roller 61 of the conveyor device 6, inside the annulus of the conveyor belt 63, and the two shaking wheels of the shaking device 7 respectively contact the two rows of protrusions on the annular inner surface of the conveyor belt 63 when it is in the tight section, so as to shake off excess potato seeds in the single-mouth seed bowls 64.

[0020] Its working principle is as follows: Before planting, the potato planter first adds a sufficient amount of potato seeds to the seed hopper. When the potato planter drives the conveyor belt via the drive roller, the seed bowls installed on the conveyor belt alternately scoop out seeds from the seed hopper. Each seed bowl usually scoops out more than one seed at a time. However, because the inner annular surface of the conveyor belt has two rows of protrusions arranged along its width, and the two shaking wheels of the shaking device contact the two rows of protrusions on the inner surface of the conveyor belt when it reaches the tight section, as the seed bowls filled with seeds move upwards with the conveyor belt, the protrusions on the inner surface of the conveyor belt are continuously pushed up by the rolling elements, causing the conveyor belt and the seed bowls to vibrate. Excess seeds in the seed bowls are shaken off. When the seed bowls reach the highest point as the conveyor belt moves upwards to the tight section, the seeds are thrown diagonally upwards towards the loose section of the conveyor belt because the conveyor belt changes direction at the drive roller.

[0021] Because of the protective covers above and outside the seed tubes, the thrown seed tubers are protected and guided by the covers to fall onto the back of the single-mouth seed bowls below, in front of the running direction, and stop in the grooves set on the back of the single-mouth seed bowls. Because of the M-shaped seed tubes arranged vertically around the single-mouth seed bowls and parallel to the loose section of the annular conveyor belt in the length direction, the seed tubers supported in the grooves on the back of the single-mouth seed bowls move downward with the conveyor belt under the guidance of the seed tubes. When they approach the ground, the seed tubers supported in the grooves on the back of the single-mouth seed bowls on the same conveyor belt are alternately planted in the center of the bottom of the furrows opened by the furrow opener under the guidance of the guide plate.

[0022] Because the potato seeds supported on the back of the single-mouth seed bowl all remain within the grooves on the back of the seed bowl, the position of each seed relative to the guide tube, i.e., the planting unit of the potato planter, is fixed. When descending to the bottom of the guide tube, the guide plate agitates each seed uniformly, ensuring precise placement at the bottom of the furrow. Since the outer circumference of the single-mouth seed bowl has triangular teeth, when the potato planter vibrates or the conveyor belt shakes during planting, causing the seed bowl to contact the guide tube, the contact area between the seed bowl and the guide tube is reduced, thus decreasing frictional resistance. Furthermore, talcum powder and dust falling from the seed during planting, as well as dust raised by the potato planter, can pass through the tiny gaps formed between the triangular teeth of the seed bowl and the guide tube, preventing obstruction of the seed bowl's normal operation.

Claims

1. A single-pot potato seed bowl uniform planting unit for a potato planter, comprising a mounting frame (1), a seed hopper (2), a protective cover (3), a guide tube (4), a guide plate (5), a conveying device (6), and a shaking device (7), wherein the mounting frame (1) is mounted on the frame of the potato planter in the middle, and the mounting plate (11) of the mounting frame (1) is in a vertical state. The seed hopper (2) is mounted on the rear plate of the mounting plate (11) facing the forward direction of the potato planter. A U-shaped protective cover (3) is installed on the front plate of the planter in the forward direction. Inside the protective cover (3) is a potato guide tube (4) in an m-shape. The m-shaped opening of the potato guide tube (4) faces the mounting plate (11) of the mounting frame (1), and the two m-shaped sections of the potato guide tube (4) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the furrow opener of the potato planter. The concave surface of the guide plate (5) is arc-shaped. The two guide plates (5) are respectively installed at the bottom of the m-shaped potato guide tube (4) and are respectively located at the intersection of the straight section on both sides of the m-shape of the potato guide tube (4) and the bottom arc section. At this location, the guide plate (5) is arranged in an inclined state with "the side away from the potato planter furrow opener being higher and the side closer to the potato planter furrow opener being lower", and "the side closer to the m-shaped bottom arc section of the potato guide tube (4) being higher and the side away from the bottom arc section being lower"; the conveying device (6) includes a drive roller (61), a driven roller (62), a conveyor belt (63), and a single-mouth potato seed bowl (64), wherein the drive roller (61) and the driven roller (62) are both supported on the mounting frame (1), and the drive roller (61) is located above the driven roller (62). The same annular conveyor belt (63) is suspended on the moving roller (61) and the driven roller (62). The loose section of the conveyor belt (63) is located in front of the potato planter in the forward direction relative to the tight section, and the loose section of the conveyor belt (63) is parallel to the tangential plane made by the potato guide tube (4) through the two arc-shaped tops of the m-shape. Two rows of protrusions are provided on the annular inner surface of the conveyor belt (63) along the width direction of the conveyor belt (63). Multiple protrusions in each row are evenly arranged along the length direction of the conveyor belt (63), and the two rows of protrusions are staggered. The feature is that: The single-port potato seed bowl (64) with a bottom center opening has a bowl shape, and the bowl-shaped outer circle is provided with triangular teeth. One side of the bowl-shaped outer edge of the single-port potato seed bowl (64) is provided with a mounting seat (641), and the mounting plane of the mounting seat (641) is parallel to the bowl-shaped axis of the single-port potato seed bowl (64). The convex surface of the single-port potato seed bowl (64) away from the outer edge of the mounting seat (641) is provided with a groove (642), and the symmetry plane of the groove (642) of the single-port potato seed bowl (64) coincides with the symmetry plane passing through the center of the mounting seat (641) and perpendicular to the mounting plane of the mounting seat (641). Two rows of single-port potato seed bowls (64) are mounted on the annular outer surface of the conveying belt (63) along the width direction of the conveying belt (63), and a plurality of single-port potato seed bowls (64) in each row are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the conveying belt (63). When the two rows of single-port potato seed bowls (64) arranged in staggered manner run to the loose section, they are respectively located in the two sections of circular arcs of the m-shaped guide potato cylinder (4), and each single-port potato seed bowl (64) is located in the tight section of the conveying belt (63) with the concave surface upward. The shaking device (7) is mounted on the mounting frame (1), and the shaking device (7) is located below the driving roller (61) of the conveying device (6) and in the ring of the conveying belt (63), and the two shaking wheels of the shaking device (7) are respectively in contact with the two rows of convex blocks of the annular inner surface of the conveying belt (63) when the annular inner surface runs to the tight section.

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