Electromagnet electromechanical property detection and verification device based on controllable electric parameters

Abstract

The utility model provides a controllable electric parameter-based electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device, which comprises controllable electric parameters, an operational amplifier, a high-power field effect transistor, a high-power current sampling resistor group, a power relay group, a cross-core Hall current sensor and a direct-current stabilized power supply, meanwhile, the verification device also comprises an annular coil winding, a rotating ratchet wheel, a rotating arm and an iron core. The verification device can simulate various electromechanical parameters such as coil peak current of the electromagnet, coil current output time, initial-stage current rise rate, initial motion time of the electromagnet, time when the electromagnet strikes the tripping mechanism, motion time of the tripping mechanism, action time of an auxiliary switch and the like. When the electromagnet electromechanical property detection instrument detects the parameters, the verification device can verify the performance of the tester, and has the characteristics of convenience in operation, traceability, wide verification range, high precision, safety, reliability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of measurement and control, in particular to an electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and calibration device based on controllable electrical parameters. Background Art

[0002] An electromagnet is a mechanism that converts electrical energy into kinetic energy. It primarily consists of a toroidal coil winding, a moving iron core, and a return spring. When the toroidal coil winding is energized, a magnetic field is generated at both ends of the coil. The iron core, passing through the coil, moves rapidly under the influence of the electromagnetic force, reaching a certain position and striking a tripping mechanism. This tripping mechanism then releases other associated mechanisms. For example, in a high-voltage circuit breaker, this releases the closing spring drive mechanism; in a large cargo ship, this release releases the anchor mechanism.

[0003] The toroidal coil windings of an electromagnet contain a wealth of current information. By analyzing this current data, we can understand the operation of the electromagnet's core. Based on the current waveform and characteristic signals, we can determine whether the electromagnet's core is experiencing problems such as jamming, tripping delays, or refusal to operate. Currently, in industrial applications, electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testers are commonly used to test the various electromechanical parameters of the electromagnet. However, existing electromechanical characteristic testers for electromagnets have issues with traceability and the accuracy of the various test parameters. Furthermore, the process of calibrating the various electromechanical parameters of the electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testers is complex and laborious. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and calibration device based on controllable electrical parameters to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. The present invention can conveniently and quickly calibrate various electromechanical parameters of the electromagnet electromechanical characteristic tester.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: an electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters, including a detection and verification device body, the detection and verification device body including a ring coil winding, a rotating ratchet, a rotating arm and an iron core, the surface of the iron core is installed with a ring coil winding, one end of the ring coil winding is connected to a first return spring, and the first return spring is sleeved on the surface of the iron core, the surface of the rotating arm is hinged with a rotating fulcrum, and the rear end of the rotating arm is connected to a second return spring.

[0006] Furthermore, a rotating ratchet is provided at one end of the rotating arm, and the annular coil winding rotates unidirectionally and strikes the rotating arm when energized.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotating ratchet is in the shape of a cam as a whole, and the protruding terminal of the rotating ratchet is clamped on the top end of the rotating arm.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes controllable electrical parameters, an operational amplifier, a high-power field-effect transistor, a high-power resistor group, a relay group, a Hall current sensor and a DC regulated power supply.

[0009] Furthermore, the controllable electrical parameter is a verification input unit of the device; and the high-power field effect transistor is a current adjustment unit of the verification device.

[0010] Furthermore, the operational amplifier includes U1 and U2, and the operational amplifier U1 is an impedance matching unit of the verification device; and the operational amplifier U2 is a voltage comparison unit of the verification device.

[0011] Furthermore, r1, r2, r3, and r4 of the high-power resistor group are current sampling units of the calibration device; and k1, k2, k3, and k4 of the power relay group are resistance selection units of the calibration device.

[0012] Furthermore, the through-hole Hall current sensor is a current sampling unit of the calibration device; and the DC regulated power supply is a power supply of the calibration device.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0014] 1. This electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testing and verification device, based on controllable electrical parameters, uses controllable electrical parameters to simulate various electromechanical parameters, including the electromagnet's coil peak current, coil current output time, initial current rise rate, iron core initial movement timing, iron core impact trip mechanism timing, trip mechanism movement timing, and auxiliary switch actuation timing. This allows for convenient and quick verification of various electromechanical parameters of electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testers.

[0015] 2. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and calibration device based on controllable electrical parameters has a simple structure, complete calibration parameters, high precision, economy and reliability, and can meet the calibration needs of most electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection instruments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration device of the utility model before the electromagnet is activated;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration device of the utility model after the electromagnet is activated;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the functional module structure diagram of the verification device of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is the waveform diagram of the current of the calibration coil of the calibration device of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5The verification device_verification characteristic value in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] In the figure: 10, first return spring; 11, toroidal coil winding; 12, rotating ratchet; 13, second return spring; 14, rotating fulcrum; 15, rotating arm; 16, iron core; 20, operational amplifier; 21, controllable electrical parameters; 22, relay group; 23, high-power resistor group; 24, DC regulated power supply; 25, Hall current sensor; 26, high-power field-effect transistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: an electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters, wherein the electromagnet drive mechanism is composed of a first return spring 10, an annular coil winding 11, and an iron core 16. When the coil winding 11 is energized, the mechanism will move to the right in a single direction and hit the rotating arm 15. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the tripping mechanism is composed of a rotating ratchet 12, a second return spring 13, a rotating fulcrum 14, and a rotating arm 15. The rotating ratchet 12 is designed in a cam shape, and its protruding terminal is stuck on the top of the rotating arm 15. When the iron core 16 of the electromagnet moves and hits the rotating arm 15, the rotating arm 15 rotates counterclockwise along the rotating fulcrum 14. When the protruding terminal of the ratchet 12 is separated from the top of the rotating arm 15, the ratchet 12 rotates, completing the system's mechanism tripping, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 After the mechanism is tripped, the rotation of the ratchet 12 will drive the linked power mechanism, such as the closing spring drive mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker and the anchoring mechanism of a large cargo ship.

[0025] Electromagnets, from the time they are energized to the time the tripping mechanism is fully tripped, have very complex electromechanical characteristics. Testing whether their parameters meet the design requirements is extremely important in industrial control. Electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testers are usually used to test the electromechanical parameters of electromagnets. In order to test the performance of electromagnet electromechanical characteristic testers, this calibration device is designed as follows: Figure 3 The peak current calibration range of the calibration device is 0.01A-50A, and the calibration time is 10ms-500ms, which meets industrial needs.

[0026] (1) The high-power resistor group 23 consists of a series of power resistors r1, r2, r3, and r4, and the relay group 22 consists of a series of power relays k1, k2, k3, and k4. During calibration, according to the peak current set by the user, the microprocessor of the calibration device can connect the power resistor to the calibration circuit through the corresponding power relay. The relationship between resistance and calibration current is shown in the following table:

[0027] Table 1: Relationship between resistance and calibration current

[0028] Calibration current (unit A) Power relay selection Sampling resistor (unit Ω) Controllable electrical parameters (unit V) 0.01–0.05 K1 100 1–5 0.1–0.5 K2 10 1–5 0.5–5 K3 1 1–5 5–50 K4 0.1 1–5

[0029] (2) The DC regulated power supply 24 is the power output unit of the calibration device. According to the current range of the calibration, the optional parameters are a voltage of 7V and a current of 50A.

[0030] (3) High-power FET 26, as the current regulator of the calibration device, can be selected from the IRF2907 series FET, which has a maximum on-state current of 209A and a low on-state resistance of 4.5mΩ, meeting the design requirements.

[0031] (4) The through-hole Hall current sensor 25 serves as the electromagnet coil current calibration waveform output unit of the calibration device.

[0032] (5) In order to improve the calibration current resolution, the programmable output voltage uses a 16-bit digital-to-analog converter with a resolution of 65536. Taking the maximum calibration current of 50A as an example, the calibration current resolution can reach 50A / 65536=0.76mA, which meets the design requirements.

[0033] (6) U1 of the operational amplifier 20 is an impedance matching unit of the programmable output voltage unit of the calibration device, which avoids the influence of the power calibration unit of the subsequent stage on the programmable voltage output. U1 is designed in the form of a voltage follower. Figure 3 In the example, the voltage value at point B is equal to the voltage value at point A. U2 of the operational amplifier 20 is a voltage comparison unit of the verification device. According to the virtual short and virtual break principle of the operational amplifier, the voltage values ​​at the positive terminal B and the reverse terminal C of the operational amplifier U2 are equal.

[0034] For example, when relay K4 is connected, current sampling resistor R4 is connected to the calibration circuit. When the programmable voltage output unit outputs voltage V, the voltage at point A equals the voltage at point B. At this point, the voltage at point B is also V. Because the voltages at points B and C are equal, the voltage at point C is also V. According to Ohm's law, the voltage at point C is equal to the product of the current i4 flowing through resistor R4 and the resistance value of R4.

[0035] That is: V=i4*r4, Figure 3In the example, according to the virtual short and virtual open principle of the operational amplifier U2, no current flows through C of the operational amplifier, so the current i4 is equal to the output current I of the verification device.

[0036] That is: V = I * r4, using resistor R to replace the known resistor group, we can get:

[0037] That is: V = I * R, which is also: I = V / R. It can be seen that the calibration current I of the calibration device is proportional to the program-controlled voltage. As long as the algorithm controls the controllable electrical parameter V, the current waveform I of the electromechanical characteristics of the electromagnet can be simulated.

[0038] Electromagnetic characteristics tester, can be used to Figure 3 The Hall current sensor 25 shown detects the electromagnet's electromechanical current waveform I and calculates various electromechanical parameters, including the electromagnet's coil peak current, coil current output time, initial current rise rate, iron core initial movement time, iron core impact trip mechanism time, trip mechanism movement time, and auxiliary switch actuation time. By comparing these parameters with those displayed by the calibration device, the electromagnet's electromechanical characteristics tester is verified for performance.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] This embodiment also provides a device for testing and verifying the electromechanical characteristics of an electromagnet based on controllable electrical parameters. This device can simulate various electromechanical parameters, including the electromagnet's coil peak current, coil current output time, initial current rise rate, initial electromagnet movement timing, electromagnet impact with the trip mechanism, trip mechanism movement timing, and auxiliary switch actuation timing. While an electromagnet electromechanical characteristics testing instrument is performing these parameter tests, this verification device can verify the tester's performance.

[0041] Taking the verification peak current of 10A and the verification time of 200ms as an example, the specific verification process is as follows:

[0042] (1) According to Table 1, the peak current to be verified is 10A, the microprocessor enables k4, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor r4 is 0.1Ω.

[0043] (2) The designed peak current is 10A. According to V=I*R, we can know that V=10*0.1=1V, and the peak voltage of the electrical parameter V is 1V.

[0044] (3) The microprocessor of the calibration device calculates the waveform of the calibration current through an algorithm and outputs it to the non-inverting input terminal A of U1 of the operational amplifier 20.

[0045] (4) During the inspection process, the verification device collects the current data of the verification device in real time through the Hall current sensor 25, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0046] (5) After the inspection is completed, the calibration device calculates various characteristic values ​​of the electromechanical characteristics of the electromagnet through an algorithm, including the peak current of the electromagnet coil, the coil current output time, the current rise rate in the initial stage, the initial movement time of the iron core, the time when the iron core hits the tripping mechanism, the movement time of the tripping mechanism, and the auxiliary switch action time. Figure 5 shown.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters, comprising a detection and verification device body, characterized in that: The detection and verification device body comprises a ring-shaped coil winding (11), a rotating ratchet (12), a rotating arm (15) and an iron core (16); the ring-shaped coil winding (11) is installed on the surface of the iron core (16); one end of the ring-shaped coil winding (11) is connected to a first return spring (10), and the first return spring (10) is sleeved on the surface of the iron core (16); the surface of the rotating arm (15) is hinged with a rotating fulcrum (14), and the rear end of the rotating arm (15) is connected to a second return spring (13).

2. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rotating ratchet (12) is provided at one end of the rotating arm (15), and the annular coil winding (11) rotates in one direction when energized and strikes the rotating arm (15).

3. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating ratchet (12) is in the shape of a cam as a whole, and the protruding terminal of the rotating ratchet (12) is clamped on the top end of the rotating arm (15).

4. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a controllable electrical parameter (21), an operational amplifier (20), a high-power field effect tube (26), a high-power resistor group (23), a relay group (22), a Hall current sensor (25) and a DC regulated power supply (24).

5. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The controllable electrical parameter (21) is a verification input unit of the device; and the high-power field effect tube (26) is a current adjustment unit of the verification device.

6. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operational amplifier (20) comprises U1 and U2, and U1 of the operational amplifier (20) is an impedance matching unit of the verification device; and U2 of the operational amplifier (20) is a voltage comparison unit of the verification device.

7. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: R1, R2, R3, and R4 of the high-power resistor group (23) are current sampling units of the calibration device; and K1, K2, K3, and K4 of the relay group (22) are resistance selection units of the calibration device.

8. The electromagnet electromechanical characteristic detection and verification device based on controllable electrical parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Hall current sensor (25) is a current sampling unit of the calibration device; and the DC regulated power supply (24) is a power supply of the calibration device.

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